ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130 KARARI<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Esas Say\u0131s\u0131 : 2024\/70<\/p>\n
Karar Say\u0131s\u0131 : 2025\/36<\/p>\n
Karar Tarihi : 11\/2\/2025<\/p>\n
R.G.Tarih-Say\u0131 : 29\/4\/2025-32885<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u0130PTAL DAVASINI A\u00c7AN: T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi \u00fcyeleri Burcu K\u00d6KSAL, G\u00f6khan G\u00dcNAYDIN, Ali Mahir BA\u015eARIR ile birlikte 128 milletvekili<\/p>\n
\u0130PTAL DAVASININ KONUSU: 25\/1\/2024 tarihli ve 7495 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Kanunu ile Baz\u0131 Kanunlarda De\u011fi\u015fiklik Yap\u0131lmas\u0131na Dair Kanun\u2019un;<\/p>\n
A. 1. maddesiyle 25\/8\/1999 tarihli ve 4447 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Kanunu\u2019nun ek 2. maddesinin d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015ftirilen yedinci c\u00fcmlesinin,<\/p>\n
B. 2. maddesiyle 4447 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un ge\u00e7ici 10. maddesinin de\u011fi\u015ftirilen on ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n ikinci c\u00fcmlesinin,<\/p>\n
C. 6. maddesiyle 31\/5\/2006 tarihli ve 5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Sosyal Sigortalar ve Genel Sa\u011fl\u0131k Sigortas\u0131 Kanunu\u2019na eklenen ge\u00e7ici 101. maddenin;<\/p>\n
1. Birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesinde yer alan \u201c…ve bu tutar \u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonundan kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131r.\u201d ibaresinin,<\/p>\n
2. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesinde yer alan \u201c…\u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonu…\u201d ve \u201c\u2026\u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonunca\u2026\u201d ibarelerinin,<\/p>\n
3. Alt\u0131nc\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131nda yer alan \u201c…\u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonunca…\u201d ibaresinin,<\/p>\n
4. Dokuzuncu f\u0131kras\u0131nda yer alan \u201c…\u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonu…\u201d ibaresinin,<\/p>\n
\u00c7. 8. maddesiyle 20\/6\/2012 tarihli ve 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Kanunu\u2019nun 24. maddesinin (2) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n,<\/p>\n
D. 9. maddesiyle 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019a eklenen 24\/A maddesinin (2) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n ikinci c\u00fcmlesinin \u201c…10\/6\/1949 tarihli ve 5442 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130l \u0130daresi Kanunu ile 4\/7\/1934 tarihli ve 2559 say\u0131l\u0131 Polis Vazife ve Sal\u00e2hiyet Kanununun verdi\u011fi yetkiler \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde yapaca\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirme sonucunda bu talebi uygun bulursa…\u201d b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn,<\/p>\n
Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 ile 2., 5., 7., 8., 10., 13., 17., 49., 56., 60., 65., 90., 123. ve 128. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclerek iptallerine ve y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fcklerinin durdurulmas\u0131na karar verilmesi talebidir.<\/p>\n
I. \u0130PTAL\u0130 \u0130STENEN VE \u0130LG\u0130L\u0130 G\u00d6R\u00dcLEN KANUN H\u00dcK\u00dcMLER\u0130 <\/p>\n
A. \u0130ptali \u0130stenen Kanun H\u00fck\u00fcmleri<\/p>\n
Kanun\u2019un iptali talep edilen kurallar\u0131n da yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131;<\/p>\n
1. 1. maddesiyle 4447 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un ibarenin ve c\u00fcmlelerin eklendi\u011fi ve de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ek 2. maddesi \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u201cK\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6dene\u011fi <\/p>\n
Ek Madde 2 \u2013 (Ek: 15\/5\/2008-5763\/18 md.; De\u011fi\u015fik: 13\/2\/2011-6111\/73 md.) <\/p>\n
Genel ekonomik, sekt\u00f6rel veya b\u00f6lgesel kriz, genel salg\u0131n ile zorlay\u0131c\u0131 sebeplerle i\u015fyerindeki haftal\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcrelerinin ge\u00e7ici olarak \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 veya i\u015fyerinde faaliyetin tamamen veya k\u0131smen ge\u00e7ici olarak durdurulmas\u0131 hallerinde, i\u015fyerinde \u00fc\u00e7 ay\u0131 a\u015fmamak \u00fczere k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yap\u0131labilir. <\/p>\n
Bu Kanuna g\u00f6re sigortal\u0131 say\u0131lan ki\u015fileri hizmet akdine tabi olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran i\u015fveren, k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma talebini, derhal gerek\u00e7eleri ile birlikte T\u00fcrkiye \u0130\u015f Kurumuna, varsa toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi taraf\u0131 sendikaya bir yaz\u0131 ile bildirir. Talebin uygunlu\u011funun belirlenmesine ili\u015fkin usul ve esaslar, ilgili kurum ve kurulu\u015flar\u0131n da g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc al\u0131narak \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ve Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nca \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lacak y\u00f6netmelikle belirlenir. <\/p>\n
K\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma halinde \u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonundan k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6dene\u011fi \u00f6denir. (De\u011fi\u015fik c\u00fcmle:25\/1\/2024-7495\/1 md.) Sigortal\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6dene\u011fine hak kazanabilmesi i\u00e7in, k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ba\u015flama tarihinden \u00f6nceki son 120 g\u00fcn hizmet akdine tabi olmas\u0131 ve son \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131lda en az 450 g\u00fcn sigortal\u0131 olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p i\u015fsizlik sigortas\u0131 primi \u00f6demi\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekir. <\/p>\n
G\u00fcnl\u00fck k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6dene\u011fi; sigortal\u0131n\u0131n son oniki ayl\u0131k prime esas kazan\u00e7lar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131narak hesaplanan g\u00fcnl\u00fck ortalama br\u00fct kazanc\u0131n\u0131n % 60\u2019\u0131d\u0131r. Bu \u015fekilde hesaplanan k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6dene\u011fi miktar\u0131, 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunun 39 uncu maddesine g\u00f6re 16 ya\u015f\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck i\u015f\u00e7iler i\u00e7in uygulanan ayl\u0131k asgari \u00fccretin br\u00fct tutar\u0131n\u0131n % 150\u2019sini ge\u00e7emez. (Ek c\u00fcmleler:25\/1\/2024-7495\/1 md.) K\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6dene\u011fi, her ay\u0131n be\u015finde ayl\u0131k olarak sigortal\u0131n\u0131n kendisine \u00f6denir. \u00d6deme tarihini \u00f6ne \u00e7ekmeye \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ve Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Bakan\u0131 yetkilidir. K\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6dene\u011fi, damga vergisi hari\u00e7 herhangi bir vergi ve kesintiye tabi tutulmaz, nafaka bor\u00e7lar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda onda birinden fazlas\u0131 haczedilemez veya ba\u015fkas\u0131na devir ve temlik edilemez. K\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6dene\u011finden yararlananlara ait sigorta primlerinin aktar\u0131lmas\u0131 ve sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetlerinin sunulmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin i\u015flemler 5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunda belirtilen esaslar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcr. (De\u011fi\u015fik c\u00fcmle:25\/1\/2024-7495\/1 md.) K\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6dene\u011fi olarak \u00f6denen s\u00fcreler, k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ba\u015flama tarihinden itibaren 3 y\u0131l i\u00e7indeki hizmet akdi fesihlerine istinaden yap\u0131lacak i\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011fi \u00f6demelerine ili\u015fkin hak sahipli\u011fi s\u00fcrelerinden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcl\u00fcr. <\/p>\n
Zorlay\u0131c\u0131 sebeplerle k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yap\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde, k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6dene\u011fi \u00f6demeleri 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunun 24 \u00fcnc\u00fc maddesinin (III) numaral\u0131 bendinde ve ayn\u0131 Kanunun 40 \u0131nc\u0131 maddesinde \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen bir haftal\u0131k s\u00fcreden sonra ba\u015flar. <\/p>\n
Bu maddede yer alan k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6dene\u011finin s\u00fcresini alt\u0131 aya kadar uzatmaya ve i\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011finden mahsup edilip edilmeyece\u011fini belirlemeye Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 yetkilidir.<\/p>\n
\u0130\u015fverenin hatal\u0131 bilgi ve belge vermesi nedeniyle yap\u0131lan fazla \u00f6demeler, yasal faizi ile birlikte i\u015fverenden tahsil edilir. (Ek c\u00fcmle:25\/1\/2024-7495\/1 md.) Sigortal\u0131n\u0131n kusurundan kaynaklanan fazla \u00f6demeler ise yasal faizi ile birlikte sigortal\u0131dan tahsil edilir, \u00f6len sigortal\u0131lara ait fazla \u00f6demeler geri tahsil edilmez.\u201d<\/p>\n
2. 2. maddesiyle 4447 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un on ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirilen ge\u00e7ici 10. maddesi \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u201cGe\u00e7ici Madde 10 \u2013 (Ek: 13\/2\/2011-6111\/74 md.)<\/p>\n
31\/12\/2015 tarihine kadar i\u015fe al\u0131nan her bir sigortal\u0131 i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli olmak \u00fczere, bu maddenin y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fck tarihinden itibaren \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r i\u015fverenlerince i\u015fe al\u0131nan ve fiilen \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lanlar\u0131n; i\u015fe al\u0131nd\u0131klar\u0131 tarihten \u00f6nceki alt\u0131 aya ili\u015fkin Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Kurumuna verilen prim ve hizmet belgelerinde kay\u0131tl\u0131 sigortal\u0131lar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda olmalar\u0131, ayn\u0131 d\u00f6neme ili\u015fkin i\u015fe al\u0131nd\u0131klar\u0131 i\u015fyerinden bildirilen prim ve hizmet belgelerindeki sigortal\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ortalamas\u0131na ilave olmalar\u0131 ve bu maddede belirtilen di\u011fer ko\u015fullar\u0131 da sa\u011flamak kayd\u0131yla, 5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunun 81 inci maddesinde say\u0131lan ve 82 nci maddesi uyar\u0131nca belirlenen prime esas kazan\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00fczerinden hesaplanan sigorta primlerinin i\u015fveren hisselerine ait tutar\u0131, i\u015fe al\u0131nd\u0131klar\u0131 tarihten itibaren \u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonundan kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu maddede belirtilen destek unsuru; <\/p>\n
a) 18 ya\u015f\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck ve 29 ya\u015f\u0131ndan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck erkekler ile 18 ya\u015f\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck kad\u0131nlardan; <\/p>\n
1) Mesleki yeterlik belgesi sahipleri i\u00e7in k\u0131rksekiz ay s\u00fcreyle, <\/p>\n
2) Mesleki ve teknik e\u011fitim veren orta veya y\u00fcksek \u00f6\u011fretimi veya T\u00fcrkiye \u0130\u015f Kurumunca d\u00fczenlenen i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc yeti\u015ftirme kurslar\u0131n\u0131 bitirenler i\u00e7in otuzalt\u0131 ay s\u00fcreyle, <\/p>\n
3) (1) ve (2) numaral\u0131 alt bentlerde say\u0131lan belge ve niteliklere sahip olmayanlar i\u00e7in yirmid\u00f6rt ay s\u00fcreyle, <\/p>\n
b) 29 ya\u015f\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck erkeklerden (a) bendinin (1) ve (2) numaral\u0131 alt bentlerinde say\u0131lan belge ve niteliklere sahip olanlar i\u00e7in yirmid\u00f6rt ay s\u00fcreyle, <\/p>\n
c) (a) ve (b) bentleri kapsam\u0131na girenlerin T\u00fcrkiye \u0130\u015f Kurumuna kay\u0131tl\u0131 i\u015fsizler aras\u0131ndan i\u015fe al\u0131nmalar\u0131 halinde ilave olarak alt\u0131 ay s\u00fcreyle, <\/p>\n
\u00e7) 5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunun 4 \u00fcnc\u00fc maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (a) bendi kapsam\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakta iken, bu maddenin y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011fi tarihten sonra mesleki yeterlik belgesi alanlar veya mesleki ve teknik e\u011fitim veren orta veya y\u00fcksek \u00f6\u011fretimi bitirenler i\u00e7in oniki ay s\u00fcreyle, <\/p>\n
d) 18 ya\u015f\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fcklerden bu f\u0131kran\u0131n (a), (b) ve (\u00e7) bentlerine girmeyenlerin T\u00fcrkiye \u0130\u015f Kurumuna kay\u0131tl\u0131 i\u015fsizler aras\u0131ndan i\u015fe al\u0131nmalar\u0131 halinde alt\u0131 ay s\u00fcreyle, <\/p>\n
uygulan\u0131r. <\/p>\n
Bu maddede say\u0131lan belge ve nitelikler nedeniyle destek unsurundan yararlanabilmek i\u00e7in sigortal\u0131lar\u0131n sahip olduklar\u0131 mesleki yeterlik, mesleki ve teknik e\u011fitim veren orta veya y\u00fcksek \u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131 veya T\u00fcrkiye \u0130\u015f Kurumunca d\u00fczenlenen i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc yeti\u015ftirme kurslar\u0131na ili\u015fkin belgelerde belirtilen meslek ya da alanlarda i\u015fe al\u0131nmalar\u0131 ve\/veya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor olmalar\u0131 gerekir. <\/p>\n
Bu maddeyle sa\u011flanan destek unsurundan ayn\u0131 sigortal\u0131 i\u00e7in bir kez yararlan\u0131labilir. Sigortal\u0131, destek s\u00fcresini tamamlamadan i\u015fsiz kalmas\u0131 halinde, kalan s\u00fcreden yeniden yararlanamaz. Ancak ikinci f\u0131kran\u0131n (a) bendi kapsam\u0131na girenlerin, ayn\u0131 bent kapsam\u0131nda yeniden i\u015fe al\u0131nmalar\u0131 ve (1) veya (2) numaral\u0131 alt bentlerde say\u0131lan belge ve nitelikleri bu d\u00f6nemde temin etmeleri halinde destekten yeniden yararlanabilirler. Bu durumda ilk yararlanma s\u00fcresi, ikincisinden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcl\u00fcr ve toplam yararlanma s\u00fcresi en son yararlan\u0131lan destek i\u00e7in maddede \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen s\u00fcreyi a\u015famaz.<\/p>\n
\u0130\u015fveren hissesine ait primlerin Fondan kar\u015f\u0131lanabilmesi i\u00e7in i\u015fverenlerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 sigortal\u0131larla ilgili olarak; 5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun uyar\u0131nca ayl\u0131k prim ve hizmet belgelerini yasal s\u00fcresi i\u00e7erisinde Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Kurumuna vermesi, sigortal\u0131lar\u0131n tamam\u0131na ait sigorta primlerinin sigortal\u0131 hissesine isabet eden tutar\u0131n\u0131 yasal s\u00fcresi i\u00e7inde \u00f6demesi ve kapsama giren sigortal\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fe al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fyerinden dolay\u0131 Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Kurumuna prim, idari para cezas\u0131 ve bunlara ili\u015fkin gecikme cezas\u0131 ve gecikme zamm\u0131 borcu bulunmamas\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r. <\/p>\n
Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Kurumuna olan prim, idari para cezas\u0131 ve bunlara ili\u015fkin gecikme cezas\u0131 ve gecikme zamm\u0131 bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n 6183 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunun 48 inci maddesine g\u00f6re tecil ve taksitlendirilmi\u015f veya ilgili di\u011fer kanunlar uyar\u0131nca prim bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n yeniden yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve taksitlendirilmi\u015f olmas\u0131, bu tecil, taksitlendirme ve yeniden yap\u0131land\u0131rma devam etti\u011fi s\u00fcrece i\u015fverenlerin bu f\u0131kra h\u00fckm\u00fcnden yararlanmas\u0131na engel te\u015fkil etmez. <\/p>\n
Bu madde h\u00fck\u00fcmleri; 21\/4\/2005 tarihli ve 5335 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunun 30 uncu maddesinin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131 kapsam\u0131na giren kurum ve kurulu\u015flara ait i\u015fyerleri ile 8\/9\/1983 tarihli ve 2886 say\u0131l\u0131 Devlet \u0130hale Kanununa, 4\/1\/2002 tarihli ve 4734 say\u0131l\u0131 Kamu \u0130hale Kanununa ve uluslararas\u0131 anla\u015fma h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine istinaden yap\u0131lan al\u0131m ve yap\u0131m i\u015fleri ile 4734 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanundan istisna olan al\u0131m ve yap\u0131m i\u015flerine ili\u015fkin i\u015fyerleri, sosyal g\u00fcvenlik destek primine tabi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar ve yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan sigortal\u0131lar hakk\u0131nda uygulanmaz.<\/p>\n
5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun gere\u011fince yap\u0131lan kontrol ve denetimlerde, \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ki\u015fileri sigortal\u0131 olarak bildirmedi\u011fi tespit edilen i\u015fverenler bir y\u0131l s\u00fcreyle bu maddeyle sa\u011flanan destek unsurlar\u0131ndan yararlanamaz. <\/p>\n
Bu maddeyle sa\u011flanan destek unsuru, 5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunun 81 inci maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (\u0131) bendi uyguland\u0131ktan sonra kalan sigorta primlerinin i\u015fveren hisselerine ait oran\u0131 \u00fczerinden, bu maddede belirtilen esaslar dikkate al\u0131narak uygulan\u0131r. <\/p>\n
Bu maddede d\u00fczenlenen te\u015fvik, 5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun kapsam\u0131nda bulunanlarla ayn\u0131 \u015fartlarda olmak \u00fczere 506 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunun ge\u00e7ici 20 nci maddesi kapsam\u0131ndaki sand\u0131klar\u0131n stat\u00fclerine tabi personeli i\u00e7in de uygulan\u0131r. <\/p>\n
Fondan kar\u015f\u0131lanan prim tutarlar\u0131, gelir ve kurumlar vergisi uygulamalar\u0131nda gider veya maliyet unsuru olarak dikkate al\u0131nmaz. <\/p>\n
\u00a0(De\u011fi\u015fik f\u0131kra: 25\/1\/2024-7495\/2 md.) Bu madde h\u00fck\u00fcmleri 31\/12\/2025 tarihine kadar uygulanmaya devam edilir. Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131, bu maddenin uygulanma s\u00fcresini 31\/12\/2026 tarihine kadar uzatmaya yetkilidir. <\/p>\n
Bu maddenin uygulanmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin usul ve esaslar Bakanl\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan belirlenir.\u201d<\/p>\n
3. 6. maddesiyle 5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019a eklenen ge\u00e7ici 101. madde \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u201cGE\u00c7\u0130C\u0130 MADDE 101- (Ek: 25\/1\/2024-7495\/6 md.) <\/p>\n
4 \u00fcnc\u00fc maddenin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (a) bendi kapsam\u0131nda haklar\u0131nda uzun vadeli sigorta kollar\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uygulanan sigortal\u0131lar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran i\u015fverenlerce; <\/p>\n
a) 2023 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ayn\u0131 ay\u0131na ili\u015fkin Kuruma verilen ayl\u0131k prim ve hizmet belgelerinde veya muhtasar ve prim hizmet beyannamelerinde prime esas g\u00fcnl\u00fck kazanc\u0131 671 T\u00fcrk liras\u0131 ve alt\u0131nda bildirilen sigortal\u0131lar\u0131n toplam prim \u00f6deme g\u00fcn say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7memek \u00fczere, 2024 y\u0131l\u0131nda cari aya ili\u015fkin verilen ayl\u0131k prim ve hizmet belgelerinde veya muhtasar ve prim hizmet beyannamelerinde bildirilen sigortal\u0131lara ili\u015fkin toplam prim \u00f6deme g\u00fcn say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n, <\/p>\n
b) 2024 y\u0131l\u0131 i\u00e7inde ilk defa bu Kanun kapsam\u0131na al\u0131nan i\u015fyerlerinden bildirilen sigortal\u0131lara ili\u015fkin toplam prim \u00f6deme g\u00fcn say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n, <\/p>\n
2024 y\u0131l\u0131 Ocak ila Aral\u0131k aylar\u0131\/d\u00f6nemi i\u00e7in g\u00fcnl\u00fck 23,33 T\u00fcrk liras\u0131 ile \u00e7arp\u0131m\u0131 sonucu bulunacak tutar, bu i\u015fverenlerin Kuruma \u00f6deyecekleri sigorta primlerinden mahsup edilir ve bu tutar \u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonundan kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131r. Ancak (a) bendinde belirtilen prime esas g\u00fcnl\u00fck kazan\u00e7 tutar\u0131, 6356 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uyar\u0131nca toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesine tabi \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r i\u015fverenlerine ait i\u015fyerleri i\u00e7in 1.341 T\u00fcrk liras\u0131 olarak esas al\u0131n\u0131r. <\/p>\n
Bu madde kapsam\u0131nda destekten yararlan\u0131lacak ayda\/d\u00f6nemde, 2023 y\u0131l\u0131 Ocak ila Aral\u0131k aylar\u0131nda\/d\u00f6neminde ayl\u0131k prim ve hizmet belgesi veya muhtasar ve prim hizmet beyannamesi ile 4 \u00fcnc\u00fc maddenin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (a) bendi kapsam\u0131nda uzun vadeli sigorta kollar\u0131ndan en az sigortal\u0131 bildirimi yap\u0131lan aydaki\/d\u00f6nemdeki sigortal\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda bildirimde bulunulmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde bu madde h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uygulanmaz. <\/p>\n
Mevcut bir i\u015fletmenin kapat\u0131larak de\u011fi\u015fik bir ad ve unvan alt\u0131nda ya da bir i\u015f birimi olarak a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 veya y\u00f6netim ve kontrol\u00fc elinde bulunduracak \u015fekilde do\u011frudan veya dolayl\u0131 ortakl\u0131k ili\u015fkisi bulunan \u015firketler aras\u0131nda istihdam\u0131n kayd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, \u015fah\u0131s i\u015fletmelerinde i\u015fletme sahipli\u011finin de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi gibi \u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonu katk\u0131s\u0131ndan yararlanmak amac\u0131yla muvazaal\u0131 i\u015flem tesis etti\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lan veya sigortal\u0131lar\u0131n prime esas kazan\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 2024 y\u0131l\u0131 Ocak ila Aral\u0131k aylar\u0131\/d\u00f6nemi i\u00e7in Kuruma bildirmedi\u011fi veya eksik bildirdi\u011fi tespit edilen i\u015fyerlerinden \u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonunca kar\u015f\u0131lanan tutar, gecikme cezas\u0131 ve gecikme zamm\u0131yla birlikte geri al\u0131n\u0131r ve bu i\u015fyerleri hakk\u0131nda bu madde h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uygulanmaz. Ancak, ilgili ayda 2024 y\u0131l\u0131 Ocak ila Aral\u0131k aylar\u0131na\/d\u00f6nemine ait ayl\u0131k br\u00fct asgari \u00fccretin onda birini ge\u00e7meyecek tutarda eksik prime esas kazan\u00e7 bildirimi yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tespiti durumunda Kurumca yap\u0131lacak ihtar \u00fczerine on be\u015f g\u00fcnl\u00fck s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde s\u00f6z konusu eksikli\u011fi gideren i\u015fyerleri hakk\u0131nda bu madde h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uygulanmaya devam eder. <\/p>\n
\u0130\u015fyerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan sigortal\u0131larla ilgili 2024 y\u0131l\u0131 Ocak ila Aral\u0131k aylar\u0131na\/d\u00f6nemine ait ayl\u0131k prim ve hizmet belgelerinin veya muhtasar ve prim hizmet beyannamelerinin yasal s\u00fcresi i\u00e7inde verilmedi\u011fi, sigorta primlerinin yasal s\u00fcresinde \u00f6denmedi\u011fi, denetim ve kontrolle g\u00f6revli memurlarca yap\u0131lan soru\u015fturma ve incelemelerde; \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan ki\u015filerin sigortal\u0131 olarak bildirilmedi\u011fi veya bildirilen sigortal\u0131n\u0131n fiilen \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlar\u0131n\u0131n tespit edilmesi, Kuruma prim, idari para cezas\u0131 ve bunlara ili\u015fkin gecikme cezas\u0131 ve gecikme zamm\u0131 borcunun bulunmas\u0131 h\u00e2llerinde bu maddeye ili\u015fkin h\u00fck\u00fcmler uygulanmaz. Ancak Kuruma olan prim, idari para cezas\u0131 ve bunlara ili\u015fkin gecikme cezas\u0131 ve gecikme zamm\u0131 bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 6183 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunun 48 inci maddesine g\u00f6re tecil ve taksitlendiren ya da ilgili di\u011fer kanunlar uyar\u0131nca yap\u0131land\u0131ran i\u015fverenler bu tecil ve taksitlendirme veya yap\u0131land\u0131rma devam etti\u011fi s\u00fcrece bu madde h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinden yararland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bu maddenin uygulanmas\u0131nda bu Kanunun ek 14 \u00fcnc\u00fc maddesi h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uygulanmaz. <\/p>\n
Birinci f\u0131kran\u0131n (a) bendinin uygulanmas\u0131nda, bir \u00f6nceki y\u0131l\u0131n ayn\u0131 ay\u0131na ili\u015fkin olarak ayl\u0131k prim ve hizmet belgesi veya muhtasar ve prim hizmet beyannamesi verilmemi\u015f olmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde bildirim yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f takip eden ilk aya ili\u015fkin ayl\u0131k prim ve hizmet belgesindeki veya muhtasar ve prim hizmet beyannamesindeki bildirimler esas al\u0131n\u0131r. 2023 y\u0131l\u0131ndan \u00f6nce bu Kanun kapsam\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ancak 2023 y\u0131l\u0131nda sigortal\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmam\u0131\u015f i\u015fyerleri hakk\u0131nda birinci f\u0131kran\u0131n (b) bendi h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uygulan\u0131r. <\/p>\n
Sigortal\u0131 ve i\u015fveren hisselerine ait sigorta primlerinin Devlet taraf\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda i\u015fverenin \u00f6deyece\u011fi sigorta priminin \u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonunca kar\u015f\u0131lanacak tutardan az olmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde sadece sigorta prim borcu kadar mahsup i\u015flemi yap\u0131l\u0131r. <\/p>\n
3213 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunun ek 9 uncu maddesi uyar\u0131nca \u00fccretleri asgari \u00fccretin iki kat\u0131ndan az olamayaca\u011f\u0131 h\u00fckme ba\u011flanan \u201cLinyit\u201d ve \u201cTa\u015fk\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc\u201d \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan i\u015fyerlerinde yer alt\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan sigortal\u0131lar i\u00e7in birinci f\u0131kran\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131nda (a) bendi uyar\u0131nca belirlenecek g\u00fcnl\u00fck kazan\u00e7 1.789 T\u00fcrk liras\u0131 olarak ve 2023 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ayn\u0131 ay\u0131na ili\u015fkin Kuruma verilen ayl\u0131k prim ve hizmet belgelerinde veya muhtasar ve prim hizmet beyannamelerinde bildirilen prim \u00f6deme g\u00fcn say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n bir bu\u00e7uk kat\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7memek \u00fczere, 2024 y\u0131l\u0131nda cari aya ili\u015fkin verilen ayl\u0131k prim ve hizmet belgelerinde veya muhtasar ve prim hizmet beyannamelerinde bildirilen sigortal\u0131lara ili\u015fkin toplam prim \u00f6deme g\u00fcn say\u0131s\u0131 dikkate al\u0131n\u0131r. <\/p>\n
Bu madde h\u00fck\u00fcmleri, 5018 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanuna ekli (I), (II), (III) ve (IV) say\u0131l\u0131 cetvellerde say\u0131lan kamu idarelerine ait kadro ve pozisyonlarda 4 \u00fcnc\u00fc maddenin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (a) bendi kapsam\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan sigortal\u0131lar i\u00e7in uygulanmaz. <\/p>\n
4734 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunun 2 nci maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (a), (b), (c) ve (d) bentlerinde say\u0131lan idareler taraf\u0131ndan ilgili mevzuat\u0131 uyar\u0131nca yap\u0131lan ve s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde fiyat fark\u0131 \u00f6denece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen hizmet al\u0131mlar\u0131nda, ihale dok\u00fcman\u0131nda personel say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n belirlendi\u011fi ve haftal\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma saatinin tamam\u0131n\u0131n idarede kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u015f\u00e7ilikler i\u00e7in bu maddenin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131 uyar\u0131nca \u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonu taraf\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131lanacak tutarlar bu idarelerce i\u015fverenlerin hak edi\u015finden kesilerek T\u00fcrkiye \u0130\u015f Kurumuna iade edilir. <\/p>\n
2024 Ocak ila Aral\u0131k aylar\u0131na\/d\u00f6nemine ili\u015fkin yasal s\u00fcresi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Kuruma verilen ayl\u0131k prim ve hizmet belgelerinde veya Hazine ve Maliye Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na verilecek muhtasar ve prim hizmet beyannamelerinde kay\u0131tl\u0131 sigortal\u0131lar i\u00e7in bu madde h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uygulanmaz. <\/p>\n
Bu maddenin uygulanmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin usul ve esaslar \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ve Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve T\u00fcrkiye \u0130\u015f Kurumunun g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri al\u0131nmak suretiyle Kurum taraf\u0131ndan belirlenir.\u201d<\/p>\n
4. 8. maddesiyle 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un (2) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131r\u0131lan 24. maddesi \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u201cTefti\u015f, inceleme, ara\u015ft\u0131rma, m\u00fcfetti\u015fin yetki, y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck ve sorumlulu\u011fu<\/p>\n
MADDE 24 \u2013 (1) Bu Kanun h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n izlenmesi ve tefti\u015fi, i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnden tefti\u015f yapmaya yetkili Bakanl\u0131k i\u015f m\u00fcfetti\u015flerince yap\u0131l\u0131r. Bu Kanun kapsam\u0131nda yap\u0131lacak tefti\u015f ve incelemelerde, 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunun 92, 93, 96, 97 ve 107 nci maddeleri uygulan\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00a0(2) Bakanl\u0131k, i\u015fyerlerinde i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi konular\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm, inceleme ve ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapmaya, bu ama\u00e7la numune almaya ve e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131 ile ortak sa\u011fl\u0131k ve g\u00fcvenlik birimlerinde kontrol ve denetim yapmaya yetkilidir. Bu konularda yetkilendirilenler m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu kadar i\u015fi aksatmamak, i\u015fverenin ve i\u015fyerinin meslek s\u0131rlar\u0131 ile g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri ve \u00f6\u011frendikleri hususlar\u0131 tamamen gizli tutmakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr. Kontrol ve denetimin usul ve esaslar\u0131 Bakanl\u0131k\u00e7a d\u00fczenlenir.<\/p>\n
\u00a0(3) Askeri i\u015fyerleriyle yurt g\u00fcvenli\u011fi i\u00e7in gerekli maddeler \u00fcretilen i\u015fyerlerinin denetim ve tefti\u015fi konusu ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na ait i\u015flemler, Mill\u00ee Savunma Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Bakanl\u0131k\u00e7a birlikte haz\u0131rlanacak y\u00f6netmeli\u011fe g\u00f6re y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcr.\u201d<\/p>\n
5. 9. maddesiyle 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019a eklenen 24\/A maddesi \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u201cBakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n inceleme, kontrol, denetim yetki ve sorumlulu\u011fu<\/p>\n
MADDE 24\/A- (Ek: 25\/1\/2024-7495\/9 md.)<\/p>\n
\u00a0(1) Bakanl\u0131k bu Kanun kapsam\u0131ndaki e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131, ortak sa\u011fl\u0131k ve g\u00fcvenlik birimleri, ekipman muayene kurulu\u015flar\u0131, i\u015f hijyeni \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm, test ve analiz laboratuvarlar\u0131nda inceleme, yetkilendirme, kontrol ve denetim yapmaya yetkilidir. Bakanl\u0131k ad\u0131na inceleme, kontrol ve denetim \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde g\u00f6revli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma uzman\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma uzman yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131, m\u00fchendis, fizik\u00e7i, kimyager, biyolog ve tabip unvanl\u0131 personel taraf\u0131ndan yerine getirilir. Bu madde kapsam\u0131nda g\u00f6revlendirilen personel inceleme, kontrol ve denetim esnas\u0131nda m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu kadar i\u015fi aksatmamak, i\u015fverenin ve i\u015fyerinin meslek s\u0131rlar\u0131 ile g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri ve \u00f6\u011frendikleri hususlar\u0131 tamamen gizli tutmakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr. G\u00f6revlendirilen personele i\u015fveren veya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar taraf\u0131ndan gereken kolayl\u0131k sa\u011flan\u0131r. Bu f\u0131kraya ili\u015fkin usul ve esaslar Bakanl\u0131k\u00e7a d\u00fczenlenir.<\/p>\n
\u00a0(2) Bu madde kapsam\u0131nda g\u00f6rev yapan Bakanl\u0131k personeli kolluk kuvvetlerinin yard\u0131m\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 duyduklar\u0131 takdirde, askeri i\u015fyerleri hari\u00e7 olmak \u00fczere, durumu ilgili m\u00fclki idare amirine iletirler. M\u00fclki idare amiri 10\/6\/1949 tarihli ve 5442 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130l \u0130daresi Kanunu ile 4\/7\/1934 tarihli ve 2559 say\u0131l\u0131 Polis Vazife ve Sal\u00e2hiyet Kanununun verdi\u011fi yetkiler \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde yapaca\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirme sonucunda bu talebi uygun bulursa yeteri kadar kolluk kuvveti g\u00f6revlendirir.<\/p>\n
\u00a0(3) Bu madde kapsam\u0131nda inceleme, kontrol ve denetim i\u00e7in g\u00f6revlendirilenler hakk\u0131nda 10\/2\/1954 tarihli ve 6245 say\u0131l\u0131 Harc\u0131rah Kanununun 33 \u00fcnc\u00fc maddesinin (b) f\u0131kras\u0131 h\u00fckm\u00fc uygulan\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n
B. \u0130lgili G\u00f6r\u00fclen Kanun H\u00fckm\u00fc<\/p>\n
4447 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 50. maddesi \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u201c\u0130\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011finin; miktar\u0131, \u00f6deme s\u00fcreleri ve zaman\u0131 ile sigorta primleri<\/p>\n
Madde 50 \u2013 (De\u011fi\u015fik birinci f\u0131kra: 15\/5\/2008-5763\/15 md.) G\u00fcnl\u00fck i\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011fi, sigortal\u0131n\u0131n son d\u00f6rt ayl\u0131k prime esas kazan\u00e7lar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131narak hesaplanan g\u00fcnl\u00fck ortalama br\u00fct kazanc\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde k\u0131rk\u0131d\u0131r. Bu \u015fekilde hesaplanan i\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011fi miktar\u0131, 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanununun 39 uncu maddesine g\u00f6re onalt\u0131 ya\u015f\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck i\u015f\u00e7iler i\u00e7in uygulanan ayl\u0131k asgari \u00fccretin br\u00fct tutar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde seksenini ge\u00e7emez.<\/p>\n
Hizmet akdinin sona ermesinden \u00f6nceki son 120 g\u00fcn prim \u00f6deyerek s\u00fcrekli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f olanlardan, son \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde; <\/p>\n
a) 600 g\u00fcn sigortal\u0131 olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p i\u015fsizlik sigortas\u0131 primi \u00f6demi\u015f olan sigortal\u0131 i\u015fsizlere 180 g\u00fcn, <\/p>\n
b) 900 g\u00fcn sigortal\u0131 olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p i\u015fsizlik sigortas\u0131 primi \u00f6demi\u015f olan sigortal\u0131 i\u015fsizlere 240 g\u00fcn, <\/p>\n
c) 1080 g\u00fcn sigortal\u0131 olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p i\u015fsizlik sigortas\u0131 primi \u00f6demi\u015f olan sigortal\u0131 i\u015fsizlere 300 g\u00fcn, <\/p>\n
s\u00fcre ile i\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011fi verilir. <\/p>\n
\u00a0(De\u011fi\u015fik birinci ve ikinci c\u00fcmle: 28\/11\/2017-7061\/55 md.) \u0130\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011fi ba\u015fvurular\u0131 izleyen ay\u0131n sonuna kadar sonu\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011fi, her ay\u0131n be\u015finde ayl\u0131k olarak i\u015fsizin kendisine \u00f6denir. (Ek c\u00fcmle: 28\/11\/2017-7061\/55 md.) \u00d6deme tarihini \u00f6ne \u00e7ekmeye \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ve Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Bakan\u0131 yetkilidir. \u0130\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011fi damga vergisi hari\u00e7 herhangi bir vergi ve kesintiye tabi tutulmaz. \u0130\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011fi, nafaka bor\u00e7lar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda haciz veya ba\u015fkas\u0131na devir ve temlik edilemez. Sigortal\u0131n\u0131n kusurundan kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirlenen fazla \u00f6demeler yasal faizi ile birlikte geri al\u0131n\u0131r.(Ek c\u00fcmle: 15\/5\/2008-5763\/15 md.) \u00d6len sigortal\u0131 i\u015fsizlere ait fazla \u00f6demeler geri tahsil edilmez. (Ek c\u00fcmle: 10\/9\/2014-6552\/25 md.) 22\/5\/2003 tarihli ve 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanununun 21 inci maddesi gere\u011fi i\u015fe iade davas\u0131 nedeniyle yat\u0131r\u0131lan primlerin son g\u00fcn\u00fc esas al\u0131narak i\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011fi hak sahipli\u011fi belirlenir ve i\u015fsiz ge\u00e7en d\u00f6nem i\u00e7in \u00f6deme yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Sigortal\u0131, i\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011finden yararlanma s\u00fcresini doldurmadan tekrar i\u015fe girer ve i\u015fsizlik sigortas\u0131 \u00f6dene\u011finden yararlanmak i\u00e7in bu Kanunun \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u015fartlar\u0131 yerine getiremeden yeniden i\u015fsiz kal\u0131rsa, daha \u00f6nce haketti\u011fi i\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011fi s\u00fcresini dolduruncaya kadar bu haktan yararlanmaya devam eder. Bu Kanunun \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u015fartlar\u0131 yerine getirmek suretiyle yeniden i\u015fsiz kal\u0131nmas\u0131 halinde ise sadece bu yeni hak sahipli\u011finden do\u011fan s\u00fcre kadar i\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011fi \u00f6denir. <\/p>\n
\u00a0(M\u00fclga be\u015finci f\u0131kra: 31\/5\/2006-5510\/106 md.; Yeniden d\u00fczenleme: 11\/8\/2009-5921\/1 md.) \u0130\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011fi alanlar\u0131n; i\u015fe al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihten \u00f6nceki aydan ba\u015flayarak i\u015fe alan i\u015fyerine ait son alt\u0131 ayl\u0131k d\u00f6nemde, prim ve hizmet belgelerinde bildirilen ortalama sigortal\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131na ilave olarak i\u015fe al\u0131nmas\u0131 kayd\u0131yla, 5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunun 81 inci maddesinde say\u0131lan ve 82 nci maddesi uyar\u0131nca belirlenen prime esas kazan\u00e7 alt s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 \u00fczerinden hesaplanan k\u0131sa vadeli sigorta primi tutar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde biri olmak \u00fczere i\u015f\u00e7i ve i\u015fveren pay\u0131 sigorta primleri ile genel sa\u011fl\u0131k sigortas\u0131 primi, kalan i\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011fi s\u00fcresince Fondan kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131r. Bu s\u00fcre ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta belirlenen toplam hak sahipli\u011fi s\u00fcresinden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcl\u00fcr. S\u00f6z konusu primlerin \u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonundan kar\u015f\u0131lanabilmesi i\u00e7in i\u015fverenlerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 sigortal\u0131larla ilgili olarak 5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun uyar\u0131nca ayl\u0131k prim ve hizmet belgelerini yasal s\u00fcresi i\u00e7erisinde Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Kurumuna vermesi, varsa prime esas alt kazan\u00e7 s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 ile prime esas kazan\u00e7 aras\u0131ndaki fark ve k\u0131sa vadeli sigorta kollar\u0131na ili\u015fkin prim tutar\u0131 fark\u0131 ile i\u015fsizlik sigortas\u0131 primlerini Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Kurumuna \u00f6demi\u015f olmas\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r. Bu maddede d\u00fczenlenen te\u015fvik, 5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun kapsam\u0131nda bulunanlarla ayn\u0131 \u015fartlarda olmak \u00fczere 506 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunun ge\u00e7ici 20 nci maddesi kapsam\u0131ndaki sand\u0131klar\u0131n stat\u00fclerine tabi personeli i\u00e7in de uygulan\u0131r. Bu maddeyle d\u00fczenlenen destek unsurundan di\u011fer ilgili mevzuat uyar\u0131nca ayr\u0131ca yararlanmakta olan i\u015fverenler; ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nem i\u00e7in ve m\u00fckerrer olarak bu destek unsurundan yararlanamaz. Bu durumda, i\u015fverenlerin tercihleri dikkate al\u0131nmak suretiyle uygulama, destek unsurlar\u0131ndan sadece biriyle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olarak yap\u0131l\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, i\u015f\u00e7inin, i\u015ften ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fyerinde tekrar i\u015fe ba\u015flamas\u0131 halinde bu te\u015fvik h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinden yararlan\u0131lamaz. Bu f\u0131krada d\u00fczenlenen te\u015fvik, 21\/4\/2005 tarihli ve 5335 say\u0131l\u0131 Baz\u0131 Kanun ve Kanun H\u00fckm\u00fcnde Kararnamelerde De\u011fi\u015fiklik Yap\u0131lmas\u0131na Dair Kanunun 30 uncu maddesinin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131 kapsam\u0131na giren kurum ve kurulu\u015flara ait i\u015fyerlerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flayanlar hakk\u0131nda uygulanmaz. <\/p>\n
\u0130\u015fsizlik sigortas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6denme s\u00fcresi i\u00e7inde \u00f6denmesi gereken ge\u00e7ici i\u015fg\u00f6remezlik \u00f6dene\u011finin miktar\u0131 i\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011fi miktar\u0131ndan fazla olamaz. (M\u00fclga ikinci c\u00fcmle: 31\/5\/2006-5510\/106 md.)(\u2026)\u201d<\/p>\n
II. \u0130LK \u0130NCELEME<\/p>\n
1. Anayasa Mahkemesi \u0130\u00e7t\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fc h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uyar\u0131nca Kadir \u00d6ZKAYA, Hasan Tahsin G\u00d6KCAN, Engin YILDIRIM, R\u0131dvan G\u00dcLE\u00c7, Recai AKYEL, Yusuf \u015eevki HAKYEMEZ, Selahaddin MENTE\u015e, Basri BA\u011eCI, \u0130rfan F\u0130DAN, Kenan YA\u015eAR, Muhterem \u0130NCE ve Y\u0131lmaz AK\u00c7\u0130L\u2019in kat\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131yla 4\/4\/2024 tarihinde yap\u0131lan ilk inceleme toplant\u0131s\u0131nda dosyada eksiklik bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan i\u015fin esas\u0131n\u0131n incelenmesine, y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc durdurma talebinin esas inceleme a\u015famas\u0131nda karara ba\u011flanmas\u0131na OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
III. ESASIN \u0130NCELENMES\u0130<\/p>\n
2. Dava dilek\u00e7esi ve ekleri, Raport\u00f6r \u00d6mer MENC\u0130K taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan i\u015fin esas\u0131na ili\u015fkin rapor, dava konusu ve ilgili g\u00f6r\u00fclen kanun h\u00fck\u00fcmleri, dayan\u0131lan ve ilgili g\u00f6r\u00fclen Anayasa kurallar\u0131 ve bunlar\u0131n gerek\u00e7eleri ile di\u011fer yasama belgeleri okunup incelendikten sonra gere\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcl\u00fcp d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc:<\/p>\n
A. Kanun\u2019un 1. Maddesiyle 4447 Say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un Ek 2. Maddesinin D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc F\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n De\u011fi\u015ftirilen Yedinci C\u00fcmlesinin \u0130ncelenmesi<\/p>\n
1. Anlam ve Kapsam<\/p>\n
3. 4447 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un ek 2. maddesinde k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ve k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6dene\u011fine ili\u015fkin d\u00fczenlemelere yer verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
4. An\u0131lan maddenin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda genel ekonomik, sekt\u00f6rel veya b\u00f6lgesel kriz, genel salg\u0131n ile zorlay\u0131c\u0131 sebeplerle i\u015fyerindeki haftal\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcrelerinin ge\u00e7ici olarak \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 veya i\u015fyerinde faaliyetin tamamen ya da k\u0131smen ge\u00e7ici olarak durdurulmas\u0131 h\u00e2llerinde, i\u015fyerinde \u00fc\u00e7 ay\u0131 a\u015fmamak \u00fczere k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yap\u0131labilece\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
5. Maddenin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda an\u0131lan Kanun kapsam\u0131nda sigortal\u0131 say\u0131lan ki\u015fileri hizmet akdine tabi olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran i\u015fverenin k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma talebini derh\u00e2l gerek\u00e7eleri ile birlikte T\u00fcrkiye \u0130\u015f Kurumuna, varsa toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi taraf\u0131 sendikaya bir yaz\u0131 ile bildirece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
6. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kran\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesinde ise talebin kabul edilmesi h\u00e2linde i\u015fverenin i\u015fyerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan sigortal\u0131lara \u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonundan (Fon) k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6dene\u011fi \u00f6denece\u011fi h\u00fckme ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6dene\u011finin bir i\u015fyerindeki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcrelerinin ge\u00e7ici olarak azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 veya durdurulmas\u0131 h\u00e2llerinde \u00fc\u00e7 ay\u0131 a\u015fmamak \u00fczere sigortal\u0131lara gelir deste\u011fi sa\u011flayan bir uygulama oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
7. An\u0131lan f\u0131kran\u0131n ikinci c\u00fcmlesinde k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6dene\u011fine hak kazan\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in gerekli olan \u015fartlar d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Buna g\u00f6re sigortal\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flama tarihinden \u00f6nceki son 120 g\u00fcn hizmet akdine tabi olmas\u0131 ve son \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131lda en az 450 g\u00fcn sigortal\u0131 olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p i\u015fsizlik sigortas\u0131 primini \u00f6demesi gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n
8. D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kran\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesinde g\u00fcnl\u00fck k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6dene\u011finin sigortal\u0131n\u0131n son on iki ayl\u0131k prime esas kazan\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n dikkate al\u0131narak hesaplanan g\u00fcnl\u00fck ortalama br\u00fct kazanc\u0131n\u0131n % 60\u2019\u0131 oldu\u011fu; ikinci c\u00fcmlesinde ise bu \u015fekilde hesaplanan k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6dene\u011fi miktar\u0131n\u0131n 22\/5\/2003 tarihli ve 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun 39. maddesine g\u00f6re 16 ya\u015f\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck i\u015f\u00e7iler i\u00e7in uygulanan ayl\u0131k asgari \u00fccretin br\u00fct tutar\u0131n\u0131n % 150\u2019sini ge\u00e7emeyece\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
9. S\u00f6z konusu f\u0131kran\u0131n dava konusu yedinci c\u00fcmlesinde ise k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6dene\u011fi olarak \u00f6denen s\u00fcrelerin k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihten itibaren \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l i\u00e7indeki hizmet akdi fesihlerine istinaden yap\u0131lacak i\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011fi \u00f6demelerine ili\u015fkin hak sahipli\u011fi s\u00fcrelerinden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fclece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
10. \u0130\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011fi, sigortal\u0131 i\u015fsizlere 4447 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 51. maddesinde belirtilen \u015fartlar\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131malar\u0131 h\u00e2linde i\u015fsiz kald\u0131klar\u0131 d\u00f6nem i\u00e7in belli s\u00fcre ve miktarda yap\u0131lan mali deste\u011fi ifade etmektedir. \u0130\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011finin miktar\u0131, \u00f6deme s\u00fcreleri ve zaman\u0131 ile sigorta primlerine ili\u015fkin hususlar an\u0131lan Kanun\u2019un 50. maddesinde d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
11. S\u00f6z konusu maddenin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131na g\u00f6re g\u00fcnl\u00fck i\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011fi, sigortal\u0131n\u0131n son d\u00f6rt ayl\u0131k prime esas kazan\u00e7lar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131narak hesaplanan g\u00fcnl\u00fck ortalama br\u00fct kazanc\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde k\u0131rk\u0131 olup bu \u015fekilde hesaplanan i\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011fi miktar\u0131, on alt\u0131 ya\u015f\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck i\u015f\u00e7iler i\u00e7in uygulanan ayl\u0131k asgari \u00fccretin br\u00fct tutar\u0131n\u0131n %80\u2019ini ge\u00e7emeyecektir.<\/p>\n
12. Maddenin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda hizmet akdinin sona ermesinden \u00f6nceki son 120 g\u00fcn hizmet akdine tabi olanlardan, son \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde;<\/p>\n
-600 g\u00fcn sigortal\u0131 olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p i\u015fsizlik sigortas\u0131 primi \u00f6demi\u015f olan sigortal\u0131 i\u015fsizlere 180 g\u00fcn,<\/p>\n
-900 g\u00fcn sigortal\u0131 olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p i\u015fsizlik sigortas\u0131 primi \u00f6demi\u015f olan sigortal\u0131 i\u015fsizlere 240 g\u00fcn,<\/p>\n
-1080 g\u00fcn sigortal\u0131 olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p i\u015fsizlik sigortas\u0131 primi \u00f6demi\u015f olan sigortal\u0131 i\u015fsizlere 300 g\u00fcn,<\/p>\n
s\u00fcreyle i\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011fi verilece\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
13. Bu itibarla dava konusu kural gere\u011fince k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6dene\u011fi olarak \u00f6denen s\u00fcrelerin i\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011fi \u00f6demelerine ili\u015fkin hak sahipli\u011fi s\u00fcrelerinden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fclmesi nedeniyle sigortal\u0131 i\u015fsizler Kanun\u2019un 50. maddesinin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen s\u00fcrelerden daha k\u0131sa s\u00fcrelerle i\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011finden yararlanacaklard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
2. \u0130ptal Talebinin Gerek\u00e7esi<\/p>\n
14. Dava dilek\u00e7esinde \u00f6zetle; dava konusu kural nedeniyle k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6dene\u011finden yararlanan bir i\u015f\u00e7inin ko\u015fullar\u0131 sa\u011flamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen i\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011finden gere\u011fi gibi yararlanamad\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu durumun i\u015f\u00e7ilere gelir g\u00fcvencesi sa\u011flayan i\u015fsizlik sigortas\u0131n\u0131n sosyal g\u00fcvenlik hakk\u0131n\u0131 temin eden ara\u00e7 olma \u00f6zelli\u011fini ortadan kald\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131, kuralda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcrenin orant\u0131l\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, kural\u0131n ayn\u0131 s\u00fcre ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve ayn\u0131 primi \u00f6demi\u015f iki i\u015f\u00e7i aras\u0131nda i\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011fi alma s\u00fcresi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan farkl\u0131la\u015fmaya yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu durumun ise sosyal devlet ilkesi ve uluslararas\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fme h\u00fck\u00fcmleriyle \u00e7eli\u015fti\u011fi belirtilerek kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2., 5., 13., 49., 60. ve 90. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
3. Anayasa\u2019ya Ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k Sorunu<\/p>\n
15. Sosyal hukuk devletinin temel kavramlar\u0131ndan biri olan sosyal g\u00fcvenlik hakk\u0131 Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 60. maddesinin \u201cHerkes, sosyal g\u00fcvenlik hakk\u0131na sahiptir\u201d \u015feklindeki birinci f\u0131kras\u0131yla g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
16. Sosyal g\u00fcvenlik, bireylerin istek ve iradeleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda olu\u015fan sosyal risklerin kendilerinin ve ge\u00e7indirmekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc olduklar\u0131 ki\u015filerin \u00fczerlerindeki gelir azalt\u0131c\u0131 ve harcama art\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 etkilerini en aza indirmek, ayr\u0131ca sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve asgari hayat standard\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na alabilmektir. Bu g\u00fcvencenin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilmesi i\u00e7in devletin pozitif y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde sosyal g\u00fcvenlik kurulu\u015flar\u0131 olu\u015fturularak ve\/veya di\u011fer ara\u00e7larla ki\u015filerin ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k, hastal\u0131k, malull\u00fck, kaza, \u00f6l\u00fcm ve i\u015fsizlik gibi sosyal risklere kar\u015f\u0131 asgari ya\u015fam d\u00fczeylerinin korunmas\u0131 ama\u00e7lanmaktad\u0131r (AYM, E.2021\/5, K.2023\/109, 1\/6\/2023, \u00a7 9; E.2008\/57, K.2010\/26, 4\/2\/2010).<\/p>\n
17. Bu kapsamda olu\u015fturulan i\u015fsizlik sigortas\u0131, bir i\u015f ya da i\u015fyerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma istek, yetenek, sa\u011fl\u0131k ve yeterlili\u011finde olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n tamamen kendi istek ve kusuru d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda i\u015fini kaybeden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara bir yandan yeni bir i\u015f bulunmas\u0131na gayret edilirken, di\u011fer yandan da bunlar\u0131n i\u015fsiz kalmalar\u0131 nedeniyle u\u011frad\u0131klar\u0131 gelir kayb\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131smen de olsa kar\u015f\u0131layarak kendisinin ve ailesinin zor duruma d\u00fc\u015fmesini \u00f6nlemek amac\u0131yla belirli s\u00fcre ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00f6demeyi kapsayan, sigortac\u0131l\u0131k tekni\u011fi ile faaliyet g\u00f6steren, devlet taraf\u0131ndan kurulmu\u015f zorunlu bir sigorta koludur (AYM, E.2021\/5, K.2023\/109, 1\/6\/2023, \u00a7 10; E.2008\/57, K.2010\/26, 4\/2\/2010).<\/p>\n
18. Kural kapsam\u0131nda k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6dene\u011fine ili\u015fkin s\u00fcrelerin i\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011fiyle ilgili hak sahipli\u011fi s\u00fcrelerinden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fclmesi ki\u015filerin daha az s\u00fcrelerle i\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011finden yararlanmalar\u0131 sonucunu ortaya \u00e7\u0131karmaktad\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kural\u0131n sosyal g\u00fcvenlik hakk\u0131yla ilgili oldu\u011fu ve s\u00f6z konusu hakka s\u0131n\u0131rlama getirdi\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
19. Sosyal g\u00fcvenlik hakk\u0131na s\u0131n\u0131rlama getirilirken temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin s\u0131n\u0131rlanmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin genel ilkeleri d\u00fczenleyen Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 13. maddesinin g\u00f6z\u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n
20. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 13. maddesinde \u201cTemel hak ve h\u00fcrriyetler, \u00f6zlerine dokunulmaks\u0131z\u0131n yaln\u0131zca Anayasan\u0131n ilgili maddelerinde belirtilen sebeplere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ve ancak kanunla s\u0131n\u0131rlanabilir. Bu s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar, Anayasan\u0131n s\u00f6z\u00fcne ve ruhuna, demokratik toplum d\u00fczeninin ve l\u00e2ik Cumhuriyetin gereklerine ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 olamaz.\u201d denilmektedir. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n an\u0131lan maddesi uyar\u0131nca sosyal g\u00fcvenlik hakk\u0131 ancak kanunla s\u0131n\u0131rlanabilir.<\/p>\n
21. Anayasa Mahkemesinin s\u0131k\u00e7a vurgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi temel haklar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlayan kanunun \u015feklen var olmas\u0131 yeterli olmay\u0131p yasal kurallar\u0131n keyf\u00eeli\u011fe izin vermeyecek \u015fekilde belirli, ula\u015f\u0131labilir ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir d\u00fczenlemeler niteli\u011finde olmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n
22. Esasen temel haklar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlayan kanunun bu niteliklere sahip olmas\u0131, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2. maddesinde g\u00fcvenceye al\u0131nan hukuk devleti ilkesinin de bir gere\u011fidir. Hukuk devletinin temel unsurlar\u0131ndan olan hukuki belirlilik ilkesi uyar\u0131nca kanuni d\u00fczenlemelerin hem ki\u015filer hem de idare y\u00f6n\u00fcnden herhangi bir duraksamaya ve ku\u015fkuya yer vermeyecek \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131k, net, anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r, uygulanabilir ve nesnel olmas\u0131, ayr\u0131ca kamu otoritelerinin keyf\u00ee uygulamalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 koruyucu \u00f6nlem i\u00e7ermesi gerekir. Kanunda bulunmas\u0131 gereken bu nitelikler hukuki g\u00fcvenli\u011fin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da zorunludur. Zira bu ilke hukuk normlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir olmas\u0131n\u0131, bireylerin t\u00fcm eylem ve i\u015flemlerinde devlete g\u00fcven duyabilmesini, devletin de yasal d\u00fczenlemelerinde bu g\u00fcven duygusunu zedeleyici y\u00f6ntemlerden ka\u00e7\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 gerekli k\u0131lar (AYM, E.2015\/41, K.2017\/98, 4\/5\/2017, \u00a7\u00a7 153, 154). Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 13. maddesinde s\u0131n\u0131rlama \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct\u00fc olarak belirtilen kanunilik, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2. maddesinde g\u00fcvenceye al\u0131nan hukuk devleti ilkesi \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yorumlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
23. K\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6dene\u011fi ile i\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011finin \u015fartlar\u0131 ve yararlanma s\u00fcreleri 4447 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 50. ve ek 2. maddelerinde d\u00fczenlemi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca i\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011fi \u00f6demelerine ili\u015fkin hak sahipli\u011fi s\u00fcrelerinden mahsup edilecek s\u00fcre ile bunun ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 ve mahsubun uygulanaca\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6neme ili\u015fkin hususlara da kuralda a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a yer verilmi\u015ftir. Bu itibarla kural\u0131n hem ki\u015filer hem de idare y\u00f6n\u00fcnden herhangi bir duraksamaya ve ku\u015fkuya yer vermeyecek \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131k ve net olarak d\u00fczenlendi\u011fi, bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle kanunilik \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
24. \u00d6te yandan Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 13. maddesinde temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin yaln\u0131zca Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n ilgili maddelerinde belirtilen sebeplere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak s\u0131n\u0131rlanabilece\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 60. maddesinde sosyal g\u00fcvenlik hakk\u0131 i\u00e7in herhangi bir s\u0131n\u0131rlama nedeni \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. Ancak \u00f6zel s\u0131n\u0131rlama nedeni \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f haklar\u0131n da s\u0131n\u0131rlanabilece\u011fi, bu haklar\u0131n do\u011fas\u0131ndan kaynaklanan baz\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu kabul edilmektedir. Bunun yan\u0131nda Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015fka maddelerinde yer alan hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler ile devlete y\u00fcklenen \u00f6devler \u00f6zel s\u0131n\u0131rlama sebebi g\u00f6sterilmemi\u015f hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklere s\u0131n\u0131r te\u015fkil edebilir (AYM, E.2021\/61, K.2024\/31, 1\/2\/2024, \u00a7 56).<\/p>\n
25. An\u0131lan Kanun\u2019un ek 2. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131nda k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma h\u00e2linde yap\u0131lacak \u00f6demelerin Fondan kar\u015f\u0131lanaca\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde hizmet akdi feshi nedeniyle \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen i\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011fi de Kanun\u2019un 53. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131 gere\u011fince Fondan kar\u015f\u0131lanmaktad\u0131r. Bu itibarla her iki \u00f6demenin temelde primlerin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu ancak gerekti\u011finde Hazine katk\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n da sa\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 Fon kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n esas al\u0131narak akt\u00fcerya hesaplamalar\u0131 sonucunda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen bir sosyal \u00f6deme oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede bir i\u015f\u00e7iyi yak\u0131n d\u00f6nemlerde her iki \u00f6denekten de faydaland\u0131rman\u0131n Fonun akt\u00fceryal dengesini bozaca\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilir. Bu nedenle kural s\u00f6z konusu mahsupla\u015fmay\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6rmek suretiyle genel olarak Fonun ve bu suretle sosyal g\u00fcvenlik sisteminin sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde i\u015flemesini ama\u00e7lamaktad\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kural\u0131n kamu yarar\u0131 amac\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olarak ihdas edildi\u011fi ve bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n anayasal a\u00e7\u0131dan me\u015fru bir amaca dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
26. Bununla birlikte sosyal g\u00fcvenlik hakk\u0131na y\u00f6nelik s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n kanunilik ve me\u015fru ama\u00e7 \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131 yeterli olmay\u0131p ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc olmas\u0131 gerekir. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 13. maddesinde g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesi elveri\u015flilik, gereklilik ve orant\u0131l\u0131l\u0131k olmak \u00fczere \u00fc\u00e7 alt ilkeden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Elveri\u015flilik \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n ula\u015f\u0131lmak istenen amac\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmeye elveri\u015fli olmas\u0131n\u0131, gereklilik ula\u015f\u0131lmak istenen ama\u00e7 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n zorunlu olmas\u0131n\u0131 di\u011fer bir ifadeyle ayn\u0131 amaca daha hafif bir s\u0131n\u0131rlama ile ula\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmamas\u0131n\u0131, orant\u0131l\u0131l\u0131k ise hakka getirilen s\u0131n\u0131rlama ile ula\u015f\u0131lmak istenen ama\u00e7 aras\u0131nda makul bir dengenin g\u00f6zetilmesi gereklili\u011fini ifade etmektedir.<\/p>\n
27. Kural kapsam\u0131nda k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve i\u015fsizlik nedeniyle ayn\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7iye yap\u0131lacak \u00f6demeler aras\u0131nda mahsupla\u015fma \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmesinin Fonun akt\u00fceryal dengesinin korunmas\u0131 ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde i\u015flemesi amac\u0131na ula\u015fmak bak\u0131m\u0131ndan elveri\u015fli oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
28. \u00d6te yandan Anayasa\u2019da ki\u015filere sa\u011flanacak sosyal g\u00fcvenlik hakk\u0131n\u0131n kapsam\u0131 konusunda ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 ilkeler konulmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sosyal g\u00fcvenlik sisteminin yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ekonomik ve sosyal \u015fartlar\u0131n belirleyece\u011fi bilinen bir ger\u00e7ektir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc sosyal g\u00fcvenlik programlar\u0131yla ekonomik ve sosyal yap\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 etkile\u015fim i\u00e7indedir (AYM, E.2019\/46, K.2020\/55, 15\/10\/2020, \u00a7 14). Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla i\u015fsizlik sigortas\u0131ndan yararlanman\u0131n \u015fartlar\u0131 belirlenirken bunun istihdam, i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc verimlili\u011fi, gelir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131, enflasyon, \u00fccretler \u00fczerindeki etkilerini dikkate alarak d\u00fczenleme yapma konusunda kanun koyucunun takdir yetkisinin oldu\u011fu ku\u015fkusuzdur (k\u0131smen bkz. AYM, E.2008\/57, K.2010\/26, 4\/2\/2010).<\/p>\n
29. Bu itibarla Fonun akt\u00fceryal dengesinin korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve i\u015fsizlik \u00f6demelerinde mahsupla\u015fma \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmesinin de s\u00f6z konusu yetki kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilebilecek ara\u00e7lardan oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kuralla getirilen s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu me\u015fru amaca ula\u015fma bak\u0131m\u0131ndan gerekli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 da s\u00f6ylenmez.<\/p>\n
30. Kuralla sosyal g\u00fcvenlik hakk\u0131na getirilen s\u0131n\u0131rlama ayn\u0131 zamanda me\u015fru ama\u00e7 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden orant\u0131l\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Kanun\u2019un 53. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (A) bendinde Fonun gelirlerinin i\u015fsizlik sigortas\u0131 primlerinden, bu primlerin de\u011ferlendirilmesinden elde edilen kazan\u00e7 ve iratlardan, Fonun a\u00e7\u0131k vermesi durumunda devlet\u00e7e sa\u011flanacak katk\u0131lardan olu\u015ftu\u011fu belirtilmi\u015ftir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Fonun ba\u015fl\u0131ca gelir kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131, i\u015fsizlik sigortas\u0131 primi ile bunun kazan\u00e7 ve iratlar\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. 49. madde uyar\u0131nca i\u015fsizlik sigortas\u0131 primi, sigortal\u0131n\u0131n prime esas ayl\u0131k br\u00fct kazan\u00e7lar\u0131ndan %1 sigortal\u0131, %2 i\u015fveren ve %1 devlet pay\u0131 olarak al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
31. Buna g\u00f6re mahsupla\u015fmaya konu olan i\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011fi i\u00e7in i\u015f\u00e7i taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fsizlik sigortas\u0131 primi ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda Fona bir \u00f6demenin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ancak k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6dene\u011fiyle ilgili olarak i\u015f\u00e7inin s\u00f6z konusu Fona herhangi bir katk\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Di\u011fer yandan devlet ve i\u015fverenin de i\u015fsizlik sigortas\u0131 primi \u00f6demesinde bulundu\u011fu g\u00f6zetildi\u011finde gerekti\u011finde Hazine deste\u011fiyle beslenen Fondan bu kapsamda yap\u0131lacak destek ve transferlerin sosyal g\u00fcvenlik sisteminin akt\u00fceryal dengesinin dikkate al\u0131narak yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
32. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kural kapsam\u0131nda kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 Fonun olu\u015fturdu\u011fu k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve i\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011fi aras\u0131nda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen mahsupla\u015fman\u0131n sosyal g\u00fcvenlik sisteminin etkin bir \u015fekilde i\u015fletilmesinden kaynaklanan kamusal yarar ile sosyal g\u00fcvenlik hakk\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki dengeyi ortadan kald\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenemez. \u00d6te yandan kuralda k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6dene\u011fi alan i\u015f\u00e7ilerin i\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011finden yararlanma imk\u00e2nlar\u0131 tamamen ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi s\u00f6z konusu mahsupla\u015fman\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l i\u00e7indeki fesihlerle s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle s\u00fcresiz bir mahsupla\u015fman\u0131n da \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmedi\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Bu itibarla kural ki\u015filer \u00fczerinde a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ve ola\u011fan d\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir k\u00fclfet y\u00fcklememekte bu suretle sosyal g\u00fcvenlik hakk\u0131na orant\u0131s\u0131z bir s\u0131n\u0131rlama getirmemektedir.<\/p>\n
33. A\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerle kural, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 13. ve 60. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 de\u011fildir. \u0130ptal talebinin reddi gerekir.<\/p>\n
Kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2., 5. ve 49. maddelerine de ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ise de bu ba\u011flamda belirtilen hususlar\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 13. ve 60. maddeleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden yap\u0131lan de\u011ferlendirmeler kapsam\u0131nda ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 nedeniyle Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2., 5. ve 49. maddeleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ayr\u0131ca bir inceleme yap\u0131lmas\u0131na gerek g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 90. maddesiyle ilgisi g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
B. Kanun\u2019un 2. Maddesiyle 4447 Say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un Ge\u00e7ici 10. Maddesinin De\u011fi\u015ftirilen On \u0130kinci F\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n \u0130kinci C\u00fcmlesinin \u0130ncelenmesi<\/p>\n
1. Anlam ve Kapsam<\/p>\n
34. 4447 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un ge\u00e7ici 10. maddesinde ilave istihdam\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 ve \u00f6zel politika gerektiren kad\u0131n, gen\u00e7 ve mesleki yeterlilik belgesi sahibi olan i\u015fsizlerin istihdam\u0131n\u0131n desteklenmesi i\u00e7in te\u015fvik verilmesi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
35. An\u0131lan maddenin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131na g\u00f6re 31\/12\/2015 tarihine kadar i\u015fe al\u0131nan her bir sigortal\u0131 i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli olmak \u00fczere bu maddenin y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fck tarihinden itibaren \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r i\u015fverenlerince i\u015fe al\u0131nan ve fiilen \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lanlar\u0131n i\u015fe al\u0131nd\u0131klar\u0131 tarihten \u00f6nceki alt\u0131 aya ili\u015fkin olarak Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Kurumuna (Kurum) verilen prim ve hizmet belgelerinde kay\u0131tl\u0131 sigortal\u0131lar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda olmalar\u0131, ayn\u0131 d\u00f6neme ili\u015fkin olarak i\u015fe al\u0131nd\u0131klar\u0131 i\u015fyerinden bildirilen prim ve hizmet belgelerindeki sigortal\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ortalamas\u0131na ilave olmalar\u0131 ve maddede belirtilen di\u011fer ko\u015fullar\u0131n da sa\u011flanmas\u0131 kayd\u0131yla bu ki\u015filerin sigorta primlerinin i\u015fveren hisselerine ait tutar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fe al\u0131nd\u0131klar\u0131 tarihten itibaren Fondan kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
36. Maddenin on ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesinde bu madde h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin 31\/12\/2025 tarihine kadar uygulanmaya devam edilece\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir. An\u0131lan f\u0131kran\u0131n dava konusu ikinci c\u00fcmlesinde ise Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n bu maddenin uygulanma s\u00fcresini 31\/12\/2026 tarihine kadar uzatmaya yetkili oldu\u011fu h\u00fckme ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
2. \u0130ptal Talebinin Gerek\u00e7esi<\/p>\n
37. Dava dilek\u00e7esinde \u00f6zetle; dava konusu kuralda sosyal g\u00fcvenlik hakk\u0131na dair bir d\u00fczenlemenin \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, kanunla d\u00fczenlenmesi gereken bir alanda Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131na d\u00fczenleme yapma yetkisi tan\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131, yasama yetkisinin genelli\u011fi ilkesi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde kanunda genel bir \u00e7er\u00e7eve belirlenmeden t\u00fcm yetkinin Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131na b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilerek kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2., 7., 8. ve 60. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
3. Anayasa\u2019ya Ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k Sorunu<\/p>\n
38. 30\/3\/2011 tarihli ve 6216 say\u0131l\u0131 Anayasa Mahkemesinin Kurulu\u015fu ve Yarg\u0131lama Usulleri Hakk\u0131nda Kanun\u2019un 43. maddesi uyar\u0131nca kural, ilgisi nedeniyle Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 49. maddesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnden de incelenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
39. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2. maddesinde belirtilen hukuk devleti, eylem ve i\u015flemleri hukuka uygun, insan haklar\u0131na sayg\u0131l\u0131, bu hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri koruyup g\u00fc\u00e7lendiren, her alanda adaletli bir hukuk d\u00fczeni kurup bunu geli\u015ftirerek s\u00fcrd\u00fcren, Anayasa’ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 durum ve tutumlardan ka\u00e7\u0131nan, hukuki g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sa\u011flayan, hukuk kurallar\u0131yla kendini ba\u011fl\u0131 sayan, yarg\u0131 denetimine a\u00e7\u0131k olan devlettir.<\/p>\n
40. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n an\u0131lan maddesinde yer alan hukuk devletinin temel ilkelerinden biri belirliliktir. Belirlilik ilkesi; d\u00fczenlenen konudan yaln\u0131z kavram, ad ve kurum olarak s\u00f6z edilmesini de\u011fil bunlar\u0131n kanun metninde kuralla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 gerekli k\u0131lar. Kuralla\u015ft\u0131rma ise d\u00fczenlenen alanda temel ilkelerin ortaya konulmas\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00e7er\u00e7evenin \u00e7izilmi\u015f olmas\u0131n\u0131 ifade eder. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k s\u00f6z konusu d\u00fczenlemelerin tamam\u0131n\u0131n ayn\u0131 kanunda yap\u0131lmas\u0131 zorunlu olmay\u0131p incelenen kanun d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki kanunlar ya da ba\u015fka kanunlarla yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 da belirlilik ilkesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan yeterlidir.<\/p>\n
41. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 49. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda \u201c\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma, herkesin hakk\u0131 ve \u00f6devidir\u201d denilmek suretiyle herkesin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hakk\u0131na sahip oldu\u011fu h\u00fck\u00fcm alt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131ktan sonra an\u0131lan maddenin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda devlete \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n hayat seviyesini y\u00fckseltmek, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 ve i\u015fsizleri korumak, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 desteklemek ve i\u015fsizli\u011fi gidermeye elveri\u015fli ekonomik bir ortam olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in gerekli tedbirleri alma \u00f6devi de verilmi\u015ftir (AYM, E.2019\/46, K.2020\/55, 15\/10\/2020, \u00a7 11).<\/p>\n
42. Sosyal g\u00fcvenlik hakk\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 60. maddesinin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda \u201cDevlet, bu g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sa\u011flayacak gerekli tedbirleri al\u0131r ve te\u015fkilat\u0131 kurar\u201d denilerek bu g\u00f6revin devlet taraf\u0131ndan olu\u015fturulacak kurulu\u015flar yoluyla yerine getirilmesi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
43. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 49. ve 60. maddeleri uyar\u0131nca devlete y\u00fcklenen g\u00f6revler devletin pozitif y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri kapsam\u0131ndad\u0131r (AYM, E.2019\/46, K.2020\/55, 15\/10\/2020, \u00a7 13). Bu y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde devletin bir yandan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hakk\u0131n\u0131 temin i\u00e7in istihdam\u0131 art\u0131rmaya di\u011fer yandan da sosyal g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sa\u011flamaya y\u00f6nelik tedbirleri almas\u0131 gerekmektedir (AYM, E.2020\/74, K.2021\/94, 16\/12\/2021, \u00a7 13).<\/p>\n
44. 4447 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un dava konusu kural\u0131n da yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ge\u00e7ici 10. maddesinde i\u015fverenlerin yeni i\u015fe ald\u0131klar\u0131 ki\u015filer i\u00e7in \u00f6demesi gereken sigorta primlerine belirli bir tutarda destek verilmesinin ve bu destek tutar\u0131n\u0131n Fondan kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmesiyle ilave \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan istihdam\u0131n\u0131n kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n hedeflendi\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle an\u0131lan madde devletin i\u015fsizli\u011fi \u00f6nlemeye y\u00f6nelik ekonomik bir ortam yaratma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kapsam\u0131nda ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir tedbir niteli\u011findedir (benzer bir de\u011ferlendirme i\u00e7in bkz. AYM, E.2019\/46, K.2020\/55, 15\/10\/2020, \u00a7 17). Bu itibarla Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131na s\u00f6z konusu te\u015fviki 31\/12\/2026 tarihine kadar uzatma yetkisi veren kural\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hakk\u0131 ve sosyal g\u00fcvenlik hakk\u0131yla \u00e7eli\u015fen bir y\u00f6n\u00fc bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
45. Kural kapsam\u0131nda Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131na uzatma yetkisi verilen ilave istihdam te\u015fvikinden yararlanman\u0131n ko\u015fullar\u0131, te\u015fvikin s\u00fcresi, miktar\u0131 ve sona ermesi sebepleri an\u0131lan maddede herhangi bir teredd\u00fcde yer vermeyecek \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131k ve net olarak d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla maddede \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen ilave istihdam te\u015fvikine ili\u015fkin olarak kanunda temel ilke ve esaslar\u0131n belirlendi\u011fi, genel \u00e7er\u00e7evenin \u00e7izildi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6te yandan kuralla Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131na verilen uzatma yetkisinin s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Bu itibarla s\u00fcre uzat\u0131m\u0131 konusunda Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131na tan\u0131nan yetkinin kapsam ve s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n belirli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenemez (Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131na s\u00fcre uzatma yetkisi veren benzer nitelikteki kurallar\u0131n incelendi\u011fi baz\u0131 kararlar i\u00e7in bkz. AYM, E.2021\/5, K.2023\/109, 1\/6\/2023, \u00a7 99; E.2019\/93, K.2023\/87, 4\/5\/2023, \u00a7 215).<\/p>\n
46. A\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerle kural, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2., 49. ve 60. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 de\u011fildir. \u0130ptal talebinin reddi gerekir.<\/p>\n
Kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 7. maddesine de ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ise de bu ba\u011flamda belirtilen hususlar\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2., 49. ve 60. maddeleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden yap\u0131lan de\u011ferlendirmeler kapsam\u0131nda ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 nedeniyle Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 7. maddesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ayr\u0131ca bir inceleme yap\u0131lmas\u0131na gerek g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 8. maddesiyle ilgisi g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
C. Kanun\u2019un 6. Maddesiyle 5510 Say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019a Eklenen Ge\u00e7ici 101. Maddenin Birinci F\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n Birinci C\u00fcmlesinde Yer Alan \u201c…ve bu tutar \u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonundan kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131r.\u201d \u0130baresinin, \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc F\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n Birinci C\u00fcmlesinde Yer Alan \u201c…\u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonu…\u201d ve \u201c\u2026\u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonunca\u2026\u201d \u0130barelerinin, Alt\u0131nc\u0131 F\u0131kras\u0131nda Yer Alan \u201c\u2026\u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonunca\u2026\u201d \u0130baresinin ve Dokuzuncu F\u0131kras\u0131nda Yer Alan \u201c…\u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonu…\u201d \u0130baresinin \u0130ncelenmesi<\/p>\n
1. Anlam ve Kapsam<\/p>\n
47. 5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un ge\u00e7ici 101. maddesinde i\u015fverenlerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7iler i\u00e7in 2024 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6deyecekleri sigorta primine y\u00f6nelik deste\u011fe ili\u015fkin d\u00fczenlemeler yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
48. S\u00f6z konusu maddenin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda an\u0131lan Kanun\u2019un 4. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (a) bendi kapsam\u0131nda haklar\u0131nda uzun vadeli sigorta kollar\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uygulanan sigortal\u0131lar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran i\u015fverenlerce an\u0131lan maddedeki esaslara g\u00f6re bildirilen toplam prim \u00f6deme g\u00fcn say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 2024 y\u0131l\u0131 Ocak ila Aral\u0131k aylar\u0131\/d\u00f6nemi i\u00e7in g\u00fcnl\u00fck 23,33 T\u00fcrk liras\u0131 ile \u00e7arp\u0131m\u0131 sonucu bulunacak tutar\u0131n, bu i\u015fverenlerin Kuruma \u00f6deyecekleri sigorta primlerinden mahsup edilece\u011fi ve bu tutar\u0131n Fondan kar\u015f\u0131lanaca\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. S\u00f6z konusu f\u0131krada yer alan \u201c…ve bu tutar \u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonundan kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131r.\u201d ibaresi dava konusu ilk kural\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
49. Maddenin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131na g\u00f6re bu madde kapsam\u0131nda destekten yararlan\u0131lacak ayda\/d\u00f6nemde 2023 y\u0131l\u0131 Ocak ila Aral\u0131k aylar\u0131nda\/d\u00f6neminde ayl\u0131k prim ve hizmet belgesi veya muhtasar ve prim hizmet beyannamesi ile 4. maddenin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (a) bendi kapsam\u0131nda uzun vadeli sigorta kollar\u0131ndan en az sigortal\u0131 bildirimi yap\u0131lan aydaki\/d\u00f6nemdeki sigortal\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda bildirimde bulunulmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde bu madde h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uygulanmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
50. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kran\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesinde mevcut bir i\u015fletmenin kapat\u0131larak de\u011fi\u015fik bir ad ve unvan alt\u0131nda ya da bir i\u015f birimi olarak a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 veya y\u00f6netim ve kontrol\u00fc elinde bulunduracak \u015fekilde do\u011frudan veya dolayl\u0131 ortakl\u0131k ili\u015fkisi bulunan \u015firketler aras\u0131nda istihdam\u0131n kayd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, \u015fah\u0131s i\u015fletmelerinde i\u015fletme sahipli\u011finin de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi gibi Fon katk\u0131s\u0131ndan yararlanmak amac\u0131yla muvazaal\u0131 i\u015flem tesis etti\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lan veya sigortal\u0131lar\u0131n prime esas kazan\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 2024 y\u0131l\u0131 Ocak ila Aral\u0131k aylar\u0131\/d\u00f6nemi i\u00e7in Kuruma bildirmedi\u011fi veya eksik bildirdi\u011fi tespit edilen i\u015fyerlerinden Fonca kar\u015f\u0131lanan tutar\u0131n gecikme cezas\u0131 ve gecikme zamm\u0131yla birlikte geri al\u0131naca\u011f\u0131 ve bu i\u015fyerleri hakk\u0131nda bu madde h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin uygulanmayaca\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. An\u0131lan c\u00fcmlede yer alan \u201c…\u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonu…\u201d ve \u201c\u2026\u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonunca\u2026\u201d ibareleri dava konusu di\u011fer kurallar\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
51. D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kran\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesinde ise i\u015fyerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan sigortal\u0131larla ilgili 2024 y\u0131l\u0131 Ocak ila Aral\u0131k aylar\u0131na\/d\u00f6nemine ait ayl\u0131k prim ve hizmet belgelerinin veya muhtasar ve prim hizmet beyannamelerinin yasal s\u00fcresi i\u00e7inde verilmedi\u011fi, sigorta primlerinin yasal s\u00fcresinde \u00f6denmedi\u011fi, denetim ve kontrolle g\u00f6revli memurlarca yap\u0131lan soru\u015fturma ve incelemelerde; \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan ki\u015filerin sigortal\u0131 olarak bildirilmedi\u011fi veya bildirilen sigortal\u0131n\u0131n fiilen \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlar\u0131n\u0131n tespit edilmesi, Kuruma prim, idari para cezas\u0131 ve bunlara ili\u015fkin gecikme cezas\u0131 ve gecikme zamm\u0131 borcunun bulunmas\u0131 h\u00e2llerinde bu madde h\u00fck\u00fcmlerini uygulanmayaca\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
52. Alt\u0131nc\u0131 f\u0131krada sigortal\u0131 ve i\u015fveren hisselerine ait sigorta primlerinin devlet taraf\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda i\u015fverenin \u00f6deyece\u011fi sigorta priminin Fonca kar\u015f\u0131lanacak tutardan az olmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde sadece sigorta prim borcu kadar mahsup i\u015fleminin yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. S\u00f6z konusu f\u0131krada yer alan \u201c\u2026\u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonunca\u2026\u201d ibaresi dava konusu bir di\u011fer kural\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
53. Dokuzuncu f\u0131krada 4\/1\/2002 tarihli ve 4734 say\u0131l\u0131 Kamu \u0130hale Kanunu\u2019nun 2. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (a), (b), (c) ve (d) bentlerinde say\u0131lan idareler taraf\u0131ndan ilgili mevzuat\u0131 uyar\u0131nca yap\u0131lan ve s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde fiyat fark\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6denece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen hizmet al\u0131mlar\u0131nda, ihale dok\u00fcman\u0131nda personel say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n belirlendi\u011fi ve haftal\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma saatinin tamam\u0131n\u0131n idarede kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u015f\u00e7ilikler i\u00e7in bu maddenin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131 uyar\u0131nca Fon taraf\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131lanacak tutarlar\u0131n bu idarelerce i\u015fverenlerin hak edi\u015finden kesilece\u011fi ve T\u00fcrkiye \u0130\u015f Kurumuna iade edilece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. An\u0131lan f\u0131krada yer alan \u201c\u2026\u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonunca\u2026\u201d ibaresi dava konusu di\u011fer kural\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
2. \u0130ptal Talebinin Gerek\u00e7esi<\/p>\n
54. Dava dilek\u00e7esinde \u00f6zetle; i\u015fsizlik sigortas\u0131n\u0131n sosyal g\u00fcvenlik sisteminin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 oldu\u011fu, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n i\u015fsiz kalmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde ekonomik g\u00fcvence sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla Fonun olu\u015fturuldu\u011fu, dava konusu kurallarla \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen deste\u011fin i\u015fsizli\u011fi \u00f6nlemeye y\u00f6nelik bir d\u00fczenleme olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, Fonun i\u015fverenlere destek sa\u011flama amac\u0131n\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, kurallarla i\u015fverenlere y\u00f6nelik olarak getirilen deste\u011fin giderlerinin Fondan kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmesinin Fonun amac\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 sonucunu do\u011furdu\u011fu, bu durumun Fon kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcketilmesine, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ihtiya\u00e7 durumunda i\u015f\u00e7ilere \u00f6deme yap\u0131lamamas\u0131na neden olaca\u011f\u0131 belirtilerek kurallar\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2., 60. ve 65. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
3. Anayasa\u2019ya Ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k Sorunu<\/p>\n
55. 6216 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 43. maddesi uyar\u0131nca kurallar, ilgileri nedeniyle Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 49. maddesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnden de incelenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
56. \u0130\u015fsizlik sigortas\u0131 koluna ili\u015fkin hizmetler de d\u00e2hil olmak \u00fczere 4447 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un gerektirdi\u011fi g\u00f6rev ve hizmetler i\u00e7in mali kaynak sa\u011flamak, piyasa \u015fartlar\u0131nda kaynaklar\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmek ve an\u0131lan Kanun\u2019un \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00f6demelerde bulunmak \u00fczere Fon kurulmu\u015ftur (AYM, E.2021\/5, K.2023\/109, 1\/6\/2023, \u00a7 10).<\/p>\n
57. 5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un dava konusu kurallar\u0131n da yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ge\u00e7ici 101. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda an\u0131lan Kanun\u2019un 4. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (a) bendi kapsam\u0131nda haklar\u0131nda uzun vadeli sigorta kollar\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uygulanan sigortal\u0131lar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran i\u015fverenlerin Kuruma \u00f6deyecekleri sigorta primlerine y\u00f6nelik olarak belirli bir tutarda destek verilmesi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Dava konusu ilk kural i\u015fverenlere verilecek bu deste\u011fin Fondan kar\u015f\u0131lanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenlemektedir.<\/p>\n
58. Dava konusu di\u011fer kurallar ise destekten hangi h\u00e2llerde yararlan\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bu deste\u011fin amaca ayk\u0131r\u0131 kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleyecek tedbirleri d\u00fczenlemektedir.<\/p>\n
59. Kurallar\u0131n da yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 an\u0131lan maddenin \u201cMadde ile; i\u015fverenlerin i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc maliyetlerinin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclerek istihdam\u0131n artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve kay\u0131tl\u0131 istihdam\u0131n korunmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla 2016 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana uygulanan asgari \u00fccret deste\u011finin 2024 y\u0131l\u0131nda ayl\u0131k 700 T\u00fcrk liras\u0131 olarak uygulanmas\u0131 ama\u00e7lanmaktad\u0131r.\u201d \u015feklindeki gerek\u00e7esine g\u00f6re kurallarla istihdam\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n ve kay\u0131tl\u0131 istihdam\u0131n korunmas\u0131n\u0131n ama\u00e7land\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
60. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 60. maddesinde devlete sosyal g\u00fcvenlik hakk\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak gerekli tedbirleri alma \u00f6devi y\u00fcklenmi\u015f iken 49. maddesine g\u00f6re devletin ayr\u0131ca i\u015fsizli\u011fi \u00f6nlemeye y\u00f6nelik ekonomik bir ortam yaratma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc de bulunmaktad\u0131r. Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmamak kayd\u0131yla bu kapsamda al\u0131nacak tedbirleri, bu tedbirlerin kapsam\u0131n\u0131, i\u00e7eri\u011fini, \u015feklini ve usul\u00fcn\u00fc belirleme konusunda kanun koyucunun takdir yetkisi bulunmaktad\u0131r (benzer y\u00f6ndeki de\u011ferlendirme i\u00e7in bkz. AYM, E.2008\/57, K.2010\/26, 4\/2\/2010).<\/p>\n
61. Kurallarla i\u015fverene, \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 ki\u015filer i\u00e7in \u00f6demesi gereken sigorta primlerine belirli bir tutarda destek verilmesinin ve bu destek tutar\u0131n\u0131n Fondan kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmesiyle hem mevcut \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilmesinin hem de ilave \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan istihdam\u0131n\u0131n kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n hedeflendi\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle kurallar devletin pozitif y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn bir gere\u011fi olarak i\u015fsizli\u011fi \u00f6nlemeye y\u00f6nelik olarak ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 tedbir kapsam\u0131ndad\u0131r (benzer y\u00f6nde de\u011ferlendirme i\u00e7in bkz. AYM, E.2019\/46, K.2020\/55, 15\/10\/2020, \u00a7 17).<\/p>\n
62. 4447 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 46. maddesinde Kanun\u2019da \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen hizmetlerin verilmesinin i\u015fsizlik sigortas\u0131n\u0131n ama\u00e7lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda say\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, 53. maddesinde i\u015fsizlik \u00f6dene\u011fi d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki baz\u0131 i\u015fler i\u00e7in de Fondan gider yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirtildi\u011fi ve bu kapsamda \u00f6rne\u011fin s\u00f6z konusu Kanun\u2019un ge\u00e7ici 6. maddesi uyar\u0131nca baz\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n desteklenmesi amac\u0131yla Fonun nema gelirlerinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131labilece\u011fi g\u00f6zetildi\u011finde kanun koyucunun Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 49. maddesiyle devlete verilen istihdam\u0131 art\u0131rma g\u00f6revini yerine getirmek amac\u0131yla \u00e7e\u015fitli tedbirler ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bu tedbirlerle ilgili finansman ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 Fon kaynaklar\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131lamay\u0131 uygun g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Kanun\u2019un geneline bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Fonun yaln\u0131zca sigortal\u0131lara i\u015fsiz kalmalar\u0131 h\u00e2linde yap\u0131lacak \u00f6deme ve hizmetler i\u00e7in de\u011fil i\u015fsizli\u011fi \u00f6nlemek, istihdam seviyesini ve verimlilik d\u00fczeyini korumak ve art\u0131rmak, b\u00f6ylelikle ekonomik ve sosyal kalk\u0131nmay\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek amac\u0131yla da olu\u015fturuldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r (benzer y\u00f6nde de\u011ferlendirmeler i\u00e7in bkz. AYM, E.2008\/57, K.2010\/26, 4\/2\/2010; E.2021\/61, K.2024\/31, 1\/2\/2024, \u00a7 28).<\/p>\n
63. \u00d6te yandan kurallar, sosyal g\u00fcvenlik hakk\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131na hizmet eden i\u015fsizlik sigortas\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fleyi\u015finde herhangi bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik \u00f6ng\u00f6rmemekte; i\u015fsizlik durumunda sigortal\u0131ya yap\u0131lan \u00f6deme ve sunulan hizmetlerde herhangi bir s\u0131n\u0131rlamada bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Sigortal\u0131, kurallar \u00f6ncesinde sahip oldu\u011fu imk\u00e2nlar\u0131 kurallar sonras\u0131nda da aynen muhafaza etmeye devam etmektedir. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Fonun ba\u015fl\u0131ca geliri olan ve Kanun\u2019un 49. maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen primin yaln\u0131zca sigortal\u0131 ve i\u015fverence \u00f6denen mebla\u011fdan olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi Kanun\u2019un 53. maddesi uyar\u0131nca Fonun a\u00e7\u0131k vermesi durumunda devlet\u00e7e sa\u011flanacak katk\u0131lar\u0131n da Fonun gelirleri aras\u0131nda say\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla belirli \u015fartlar d\u00e2hilinde i\u015fverene sa\u011flanan prim deste\u011fi tutar\u0131n\u0131n kurallar uyar\u0131nca Fondan kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131n Fonun zay\u0131flamas\u0131na yol a\u00e7arak i\u015fsiz kalan sigortal\u0131lara yap\u0131lacak \u00f6demeleri olumsuz etkileyece\u011fi ve bu suretle sigortal\u0131lar\u0131n sosyal g\u00fcvenlik haklar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan herhangi bir kayba yol a\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenemez (benzer de\u011ferlendirmeler i\u00e7in bkz. AYM, E.2019\/46, K.2020\/55, 15\/10\/2020, \u00a7\u00a7 18, 19).<\/p>\n
64. Ayr\u0131ca kurallar\u0131n yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 maddede i\u015fverene verilecek deste\u011fin i\u015fverenin \u00f6deyece\u011fi sigorta primlerinden mahsup edilmesi yoluyla sa\u011flanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, di\u011fer yandan 5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un ge\u00e7ici 101. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131nda mevcut bir i\u015fletmenin kapat\u0131larak de\u011fi\u015fik bir ad, unvan ya da bir i\u015f birimi olarak a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 veya y\u00f6netim ve kontrol\u00fc elinde bulunduracak \u015fekilde do\u011frudan veya dolayl\u0131 ortakl\u0131k ili\u015fkisi bulunan \u015firketler aras\u0131nda istihdam\u0131n kayd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, \u015fah\u0131s i\u015fletmelerinde i\u015fletme sahipli\u011finin de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi gibi destekten yararlanmak amac\u0131yla muvazaal\u0131 i\u015flem tesis etti\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lan veya sigortal\u0131lar\u0131n prime esas kazan\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 2024 y\u0131l\u0131 Ocak ila Aral\u0131k aylar\u0131\/d\u00f6nemi i\u00e7in Kuruma bildirmedi\u011fi veya eksik bildirdi\u011fi tespit edilen i\u015fyerlerinden Fon taraf\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131lanan tutar\u0131n gecikme cezas\u0131 ve gecikme zamm\u0131yla birlikte geri al\u0131naca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcm alt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131, b\u00f6ylece Fondan \u00e7\u0131kan kayna\u011f\u0131n amac\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleyebilecek tedbirler al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi an\u0131lan maddenin d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131 gere\u011fince s\u00f6z konusu prim deste\u011finden yararlanma hakk\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda destek uygulamas\u0131n\u0131n sona erdirilerek bu alandaki suiistimallerin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ildi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
65. Bu itibarla kurallar kapsam\u0131nda sigorta prim deste\u011finin Fondan kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131, devletin sosyal g\u00fcvenlik ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hakk\u0131ndan kaynaklanan gerekli tedbirleri alma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcyle \u00e7eli\u015fmemektedir.<\/p>\n
66. A\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerle kurallar, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 49. ve 60. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 de\u011fildir. \u0130ptalleri talebinin reddi gerekir.<\/p>\n
Kurallar\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2. maddesine de ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ise de bu ba\u011flamda belirtilen hususlar\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 49. ve 60. maddeleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden yap\u0131lan de\u011ferlendirmeler kapsam\u0131nda ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 nedeniyle Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2. maddesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ayr\u0131ca bir inceleme yap\u0131lmas\u0131na gerek g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Kurallar\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 65. maddesiyle ilgisi g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
\u00c7. Kanun\u2019un 8. Maddesiyle 6331 Say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 24. Maddesinin (2) Numaral\u0131 F\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n Y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten Kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u0130ncelenmesi <\/p>\n
1. Anlam ve Kapsam<\/p>\n
67. 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 24. maddesinde tefti\u015f, inceleme, ara\u015ft\u0131rma, m\u00fcfetti\u015fin yetki, y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck ve sorumlulu\u011fu d\u00fczenlemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
68. An\u0131lan maddenin (1) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131nda s\u00f6z konusu Kanun h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n izlenmesinin ve tefti\u015finin i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnden tefti\u015f yapmaya yetkili \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ve Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Bakanl\u0131k) i\u015f m\u00fcfetti\u015flerince yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131, Kanun kapsam\u0131nda yap\u0131lacak tefti\u015f ve incelemelerde 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 92., 93., 96., 97. ve 107. maddelerinin uygulanaca\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
69. 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 24. maddesinin dava konusu kuralla y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131r\u0131lan (2) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131nda Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n i\u015fyerlerinde i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi konular\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm, inceleme ve ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapmaya, bu ama\u00e7la numune almaya ve e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131 ile ortak sa\u011fl\u0131k ve g\u00fcvenlik birimlerinde kontrol ve denetim yapmaya yetkili oldu\u011fu, bu konularda yetkilendirilenlerin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu kadar i\u015fi aksatmamak, i\u015fverenin ve i\u015fyerinin meslek s\u0131rlar\u0131 ile g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri ve \u00f6\u011frendikleri hususlar\u0131 tamamen gizli tutmakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc oldu\u011fu, kontrol ve denetimin usul ve esaslar\u0131n\u0131n Bakanl\u0131k\u00e7a d\u00fczenlenece\u011fi h\u00fck\u00fcm alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
70. An\u0131lan maddenin (3) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131nda ise asker\u00ee i\u015fyerleriyle yurt g\u00fcvenli\u011fi i\u00e7in gerekli maddeler \u00fcretilen i\u015fyerlerinin denetim ve tefti\u015fi konusunun ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na ait i\u015flemlerin Mill\u00ee Savunma Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Bakanl\u0131k\u00e7a birlikte haz\u0131rlanacak y\u00f6netmeli\u011fe g\u00f6re y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclece\u011fi d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
2. \u0130ptal Talebinin Gerek\u00e7esi<\/p>\n
71. Dava dilek\u00e7esinde \u00f6zetle; 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 24. maddesinin y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131r\u0131lan (2) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131nda yer alan ve Bakanl\u0131\u011fa tan\u0131nan yetkinin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn an\u0131lan Kanun\u2019un 24\/A maddesine ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ancak dava konusu kuralla Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n i\u015fyerlerinde i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi konular\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm, inceleme ve ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapma, bu ama\u00e7la numune alma yetkilerine son verildi\u011fi, b\u00f6ylece i\u015f hukuku mevzuat\u0131yla i\u015fverene, sendikalara ve di\u011fer hukuki akt\u00f6rlere y\u00fcklenen y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerin yerine getirilip getirilmedi\u011finin denetlenemeyece\u011fi, bu durumun ise i\u015fverenlerin i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fine dair sorumluluklar\u0131 yerine getirmemesine neden olaca\u011f\u0131, di\u011fer yandan kural nedeniyle denetim faaliyetinin sadece \u00f6zel ki\u015filerce ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilece\u011fi, kamu hizmetlerinin gerektirdi\u011fi bir hizmetin \u00f6zel ki\u015filerce yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7ilerin sa\u011fl\u0131ks\u0131z ve g\u00fcvensiz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortamlar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na neden olabilece\u011fi, ayr\u0131ca bu durumun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve sosyal g\u00fcvenlik haklar\u0131 ve uluslararas\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fme h\u00fck\u00fcmleriyle de ba\u011fda\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilerek kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2., 5., 17., 49., 56., 60., 90. ve 128. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
3. Anayasa\u2019ya Ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k Sorunu<\/p>\n
72. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda \u201cHerkes, ya\u015fama, madd\u00ee ve manev\u00ee varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruma ve geli\u015ftirme hakk\u0131na sahiptir\u201d denilerek ki\u015finin ya\u015fam ve v\u00fccut dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ki\u015finin ya\u015fam hakk\u0131 ve maddi ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruma ve geli\u015ftirme hakk\u0131, birbiriyle s\u0131k\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 olan, devredilemez ve vazge\u00e7ilemez haklardand\u0131r. Devlet, ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131n bir gere\u011fi olarak bireylerin ya\u015famlar\u0131na sayg\u0131 g\u00f6stermekle \u00f6devli oldu\u011fu gibi bireyleri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filerden kaynaklanan risklere kar\u015f\u0131 da koruma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc alt\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bu kapsamda insan\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hayat\u0131nda baz\u0131 risklerle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalmas\u0131 veya \u00e7e\u015fitli nedenlerle zarar g\u00f6rmesi ihtimal d\u00e2hilinde olup ki\u015finin bu risklerden korunmay\u0131 istemesi de ki\u015finin ya\u015fama, madd\u00ee ve manev\u00ee varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruma ve geli\u015ftirme hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda kalmaktad\u0131r (benzer de\u011ferlendirmeler i\u00e7in bkz. AYM, E.2014\/177, K.2015\/49, 14\/5\/2015; E.2017\/156, K.2019\/37, 15\/5\/2019, \u00a7 73).<\/p>\n
73. Di\u011fer yandan Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 49. maddesinde devlete y\u00fcklenen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n ya\u015fam d\u00fczeyinin y\u00fckseltilmesi ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesi i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n korunmas\u0131 \u00f6devi, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n g\u00fcvenli ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir i\u015f ortam\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n temin edilmesini de kapsamaktad\u0131r. Bu itibarla devletin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n g\u00fcvenli ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir i\u015f ortam\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 temin edici yasal ve idari tedbirler almas\u0131, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesinde g\u00fcvenceye ba\u011flanan haklar\u0131n bir gere\u011fi oldu\u011fu kadar 49. maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hakk\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden de bir zorunluluktur (AYM, E.2014\/177, K.2015\/49, 14\/5\/2015).<\/p>\n
74. Kanun koyucu, an\u0131lan anayasal h\u00fck\u00fcmlerle devlete y\u00fcklenen bu \u00f6devleri ifa etmek amac\u0131yla 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019u ihdas etmi\u015ftir. An\u0131lan Kanun\u2019un 1. maddesinde Kanun\u2019un amac\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fyerlerinde i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011finin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 ve mevcut sa\u011fl\u0131k ve g\u00fcvenlik \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n iyile\u015ftirilmesi i\u00e7in i\u015fveren ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n g\u00f6rev, yetki, sorumluluk, hak ve y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerini d\u00fczenlemek oldu\u011fu ifade edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
75. Kanun\u2019un 2. maddesinin (1) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131nda ise kamu ve \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6re ait b\u00fct\u00fcn i\u015flere ve i\u015fyerlerine, bu i\u015fyerlerinin i\u015fverenleri ile i\u015fveren vekillerine, \u00e7\u0131rak ve stajyerler de d\u00e2hil olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131na faaliyet konular\u0131na bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n bu Kanun\u2019un uygulanaca\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
76. Di\u011fer yandan 4., 6., 10., 11., 12., 13., 14., 15., 16., 17., 18. ve 20. maddelerde i\u015fverenlere i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi konular\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok m\u00fckellefiyet y\u00fcklenmi\u015f, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara ise \u00e7e\u015fitli haklar tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
77. An\u0131lan maddelerde belirtilen m\u00fckellefiyetlerin, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n g\u00fcvenli ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir i\u015f ortam\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 temin etmek \u00fczere devletin bu alandaki y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn bir gere\u011fi olarak d\u00fczenlendi\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Ancak i\u015fverenlerin i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi konusundaki m\u00fckellefiyetlerine ili\u015fkin yasal d\u00fczenlemeler yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131, devletin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n her t\u00fcrl\u00fc tehlikeye kar\u015f\u0131 maddi varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc yerine getirdi\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelmez. Pozitif y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn maddi boyutunu te\u015fkil eden bu y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck ayn\u0131 zamanda i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fine ili\u015fkin d\u00fczenlemelerin uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak etkili bir mekanizman\u0131n olu\u015fturulmas\u0131n\u0131 da gerekli k\u0131lar.<\/p>\n
78. Dava konusu kuralla Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n i\u015fyerlerinde i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi konular\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm, inceleme ve ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapabilmesini, bu ama\u00e7la numune alabilmesini ve e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131 ile ortak sa\u011fl\u0131k ve g\u00fcvenlik birimlerinde kontrol ve denetim yapabilmesini, bu denetim s\u0131ras\u0131nda elde edilen meslek s\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n gizli tutulmas\u0131n\u0131 ve denetimin usul ve esaslar\u0131n Bakanl\u0131k\u00e7a d\u00fczenlenmesini \u00f6ng\u00f6ren 24. maddenin (2) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu itibarla kural\u0131n anayasall\u0131k incelemesinde, Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n denetim yetkisine dair d\u00fczenlemenin y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fine ili\u015fkin korumalardan yararlanmalar\u0131n\u0131n imk\u00e2ns\u0131z h\u00e2le getirilip getirilmedi\u011finin ve bu suretle devletin i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fine ili\u015fkin kanunlar\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak etkili mekanizma kurma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ayk\u0131r\u0131 davran\u0131l\u0131p davran\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
79. Kural\u0131n gerek\u00e7esinde Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n Kanun kapsam\u0131nda yer alan i\u015fyerlerinde i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi konular\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm, inceleme ve ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapma, bilgi, belge ve numune alma, Kanun kapsam\u0131ndaki e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131, ortak sa\u011fl\u0131k ve g\u00fcvenlik birimleri, ekipman muayene kurulu\u015flar\u0131, i\u015f hijyeni \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm, test ve analiz laboratuvarlar\u0131na ili\u015fkin inceleme, kontrol, denetim yetki ve sorumlulu\u011funa ili\u015fkin h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin yarg\u0131 kararlar\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde Kanun\u2019un 24\/A maddesinde d\u00fczenlenmesi nedeniyle 24. maddenin (2) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
80. M\u00fclga (2) numaral\u0131 f\u0131krada Bakanl\u0131\u011fa hi\u00e7bir ayr\u0131m olmadan t\u00fcm i\u015fyerleri i\u00e7in \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm, inceleme ve ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapma, numune alma yetkisi tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu d\u00fczenlemenin yerine ihdas edilen 24\/A maddesinin (1) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131na g\u00f6re Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bu Kanun kapsam\u0131ndaki e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131, ortak sa\u011fl\u0131k ve g\u00fcvenlik birimleri, ekipman muayene kurulu\u015flar\u0131, i\u015f hijyeni \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm, test ve analiz laboratuvarlar\u0131nda inceleme, yetkilendirme, kontrol ve denetim yapmaya yetkili oldu\u011fu, Bakanl\u0131k ad\u0131na inceleme, kontrol ve denetimin ise \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde g\u00f6revli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma uzman\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma uzman yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131, m\u00fchendis, fizik\u00e7i, kimyager, biyolog ve tabip unvanl\u0131 personel taraf\u0131ndan yerine getirilece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
81. Bu itibarla an\u0131lan f\u0131krada m\u00fclga d\u00fczenlemede oldu\u011fu gibi e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131 ile ortak sa\u011fl\u0131k ve g\u00fcvenlik birimleri i\u00e7in kontrol ve denetim yapma yetkisinin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda farkl\u0131 i\u015fyerleri i\u00e7in de ayn\u0131 nitelikte denetim yetkisi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, bu yerlerdeki denetimlerin ise Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ba\u015fka biriminde g\u00f6revli ki\u015filerce yerine getirilece\u011fi h\u00fck\u00fcm alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak m\u00fclga (2) numaral\u0131 f\u0131krada Bakanl\u0131\u011fa t\u00fcm i\u015fyerleri i\u00e7in denetim yetkisi tan\u0131n\u0131rken 24\/A maddenin (1) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131nda belli baz\u0131 i\u015fyerleri i\u00e7in denetim yetkisi tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Bakanl\u0131\u011fa tan\u0131nan yetkinin kapsam itibar\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
82. Bununla birlikte devletin i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fine ili\u015fkin d\u00fczenlemelerin uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak etkili mekanizma kurma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ifa edilip edilmedi\u011finin de\u011ferlendirilmesinde 24. maddenin (1) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131 ve bu f\u0131kra uyar\u0131nca at\u0131fta bulunulan 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un ilgili h\u00fck\u00fcmleri \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde i\u015f m\u00fcfetti\u015flerine tan\u0131nan denetim yetkisinin de dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n
83. 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun, i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fine ili\u015fkin m\u00fckellefiyetlerin i\u015fverenlerce yerine getirildi\u011finin takip edilebilmesi ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fine y\u00f6nelik korumalardan gere\u011fi gibi yararlanabilmesi i\u00e7in tefti\u015f mekanizmas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. An\u0131lan Kanun\u2019un 24. maddesinin (1) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131nda bu Kanun h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n izlenmesinin ve tefti\u015finin i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnden tefti\u015f yapmaya yetkili Bakanl\u0131k i\u015f m\u00fcfetti\u015flerince yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131, yap\u0131lacak tefti\u015f ve incelemelerde ise 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 92., 93., 96., 97. ve 107. maddelerinin uygulanaca\u011f\u0131 h\u00fckme ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
84. 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un at\u0131fta bulundu\u011fu 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 92. maddesinde i\u015f m\u00fcfetti\u015flerinin denetim yetkileri belirlenmi\u015ftir. An\u0131lan maddede i\u015f m\u00fcfetti\u015flerinin, i\u015fyerlerini ve eklentilerini, i\u015fin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclme tarz\u0131n\u0131 ve ilgili belgeleri, ara\u00e7 ve gere\u00e7leri, cihaz ve makineleri, ham ve i\u015flenmi\u015f maddelerle i\u015f i\u00e7in gerekli olan malzemeyi gerekti\u011fi zamanlarda ve i\u015f\u00e7ilerin ya\u015fam\u0131na, sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na, g\u00fcvenli\u011fine, e\u011fitimine, dinlenmesine veya oturup yatmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin tesis ve tertipleri her zaman g\u00f6rmek, ara\u015ft\u0131rmak ve incelemek yetkisine sahip oldu\u011fu belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
85. An\u0131lan Kanun\u2019un 107. maddesinin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda ise i\u015f m\u00fcfetti\u015flerinin kanunlardan do\u011fan her \u00e7e\u015fit tefti\u015f, denetleme yetki ve g\u00f6revleri gere\u011fince g\u00f6revlerinin yerine getirilmesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda g\u00f6revlerini yapma ve sonu\u00e7land\u0131rmaya engel olan kimselere fiil su\u00e7 olu\u015fturmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde idari para cezas\u0131 verilece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
86. Kanun\u2019un 93. maddesinde de i\u015f m\u00fcfetti\u015flerinin y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerine yer verilmi\u015ftir. An\u0131lan maddeye g\u00f6re i\u015f hayat\u0131n\u0131 izleme, denetleme ve tefti\u015f yetkisi olan i\u015f m\u00fcfetti\u015fleri, g\u00f6revlerini yaparlarken i\u015fin normal gidi\u015fini ve i\u015fyerinin i\u015flemesini, inceledikleri konunun niteli\u011fine g\u00f6re m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu kadar aksatmamak, durdurmamak ve g\u00fc\u00e7le\u015ftirmemekle ve resm\u00ee i\u015flemlerin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcp sonu\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 gerekmedik\u00e7e, i\u015fverenin ve i\u015fyerinin meslek s\u0131rlar\u0131 ve \u015fartlar\u0131, ekonomik ve ticari h\u00e2l ve durumlar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri ve \u00f6\u011frendikleri hususlar\u0131 tamamen gizli tutmak ve kendileri taraf\u0131ndan bilgileri ve ifadeleri al\u0131nan yahut kendilerine ba\u015fvuran veya ihbarda bulunan i\u015f\u00e7ilerin ve ba\u015fka ki\u015filerin isimlerini ve kimliklerini a\u00e7\u0131klamamakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcrler.<\/p>\n
87. \u00d6te yandan 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 25. maddesi ve devam\u0131nda idari para cezalar\u0131 d\u00e2hil olmak \u00fczere i\u015fverenlerin i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi konular\u0131nda an\u0131lan Kanun\u2019da \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen m\u00fckellefiyetlerini yerine getirmelerini sa\u011flayacak tedbirlere ayr\u0131ca yer verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
88. An\u0131lan d\u00fczenlemeler dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n Kanun\u2019un 2. maddesinin (2) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131nda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen istisnalar kapsam\u0131nda kalan i\u015fyerleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki her t\u00fcr i\u015fyerinde i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi konular\u0131nda denetim yetkisine sahip oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
89. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fine y\u00f6nelik korumalardan tamamen yoksun b\u0131rak\u0131lmalar\u0131 sonucunu do\u011furmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fine y\u00f6nelik ne t\u00fcr tedbirler al\u0131naca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek kanun koyucunun takdirindedir. Dava konusu kuralla Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n tefti\u015f yetkisine dair d\u00fczenlemeler i\u00e7eren Kanun\u2019un 24. maddesinin (2) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ise de Kanun\u2019un di\u011fer maddeleri ve bu Kanun\u2019un at\u0131fta bulundu\u011fu 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un an\u0131lan maddeleri birlikte de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi konular\u0131nda korumas\u0131z b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kuralla Kanun\u2019un 24. maddesinin (2) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, devletin ya\u015fam hakk\u0131 ile ki\u015finin maddi ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirme ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hakk\u0131ndan kaynaklanan y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleriyle \u00e7eli\u015fmemektedir.<\/p>\n
90. A\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerle kural, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. ve 49. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 de\u011fildir. \u0130ptal talebinin reddi gerekir.<\/p>\n
Kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2. ve 5. maddelerine de ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ise de bu ba\u011flamda belirtilen hususlar\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. ve 49. maddeleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden yap\u0131lan de\u011ferlendirmeler kapsam\u0131nda ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 nedeniyle Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2. ve 5. maddeleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ayr\u0131ca bir inceleme yap\u0131lmas\u0131na gerek g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 56., 60., 90. ve 128. maddeleriyle ilgisi g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
D. Kanun\u2019un 9. Maddesiyle 6331 Say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019a Eklenen 24\/A Maddesinin (2) Numaral\u0131 F\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n \u0130kinci C\u00fcmlesinin \u201c…10\/6\/1949 tarihli ve 5442 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130l \u0130daresi Kanunu ile 4\/7\/1934 tarihli ve 2559 say\u0131l\u0131 Polis Vazife ve Sal\u00e2hiyet Kanununun verdi\u011fi yetkiler \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde yapaca\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirme sonucunda bu talebi uygun bulursa…\u201d B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0130ncelenmesi <\/p>\n
1. Anlam ve Kapsam<\/p>\n
91. 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 24\/A maddesinde Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131, ortak sa\u011fl\u0131k ve g\u00fcvenlik birimleri, ekipman muayene kurulu\u015flar\u0131, i\u015f hijyeni \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm, test ve analiz laboratuvarlar\u0131na ili\u015fkin inceleme, kontrol, denetim yetki ve sorumlulu\u011fu d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n
92. An\u0131lan maddenin (1) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131nda Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu Kanun kapsam\u0131ndaki e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131, ortak sa\u011fl\u0131k ve g\u00fcvenlik birimleri, ekipman muayene kurulu\u015flar\u0131, i\u015f hijyeni \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm, test ve analiz laboratuvarlar\u0131nda inceleme, yetkilendirme, kontrol ve denetim yapmaya yetkili oldu\u011fu, Bakanl\u0131k ad\u0131na inceleme, kontrol ve denetimin \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde g\u00f6revli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma uzman\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma uzman yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131, m\u00fchendis, fizik\u00e7i, kimyager, biyolog ve tabip unvanl\u0131 personel taraf\u0131ndan yerine getirilece\u011fi, bu madde kapsam\u0131nda g\u00f6revlendirilen Bakanl\u0131k personelinin inceleme, kontrol ve denetim esnas\u0131nda m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu kadar i\u015fi aksatmamak, i\u015fverenin ve i\u015fyerinin meslek s\u0131rlar\u0131 ile g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri ve \u00f6\u011frendikleri hususlar\u0131 tamamen gizli tutmakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc oldu\u011fu, g\u00f6revlendirilen personele i\u015fveren veya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar taraf\u0131ndan gereken kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131n sa\u011flanaca\u011f\u0131, bu f\u0131kraya ili\u015fkin usul ve esaslar\u0131n ise Bakanl\u0131k\u00e7a d\u00fczenlenece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
93. Kanun\u2019un 3. maddesinin (1) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (d) bendinde e\u011fitim kurumunun, i\u015f g\u00fcvenli\u011fi uzman\u0131, i\u015fyeri hekimi ve di\u011fer sa\u011fl\u0131k personelinin e\u011fitimlerini vermek \u00fczere Bakanl\u0131k\u00e7a yetkilendirilen kamu kurum ve kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131, \u00fcniversiteleri ve 13\/1\/2011 tarihli ve 6102 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Ticaret Kanunu\u2019na g\u00f6re faaliyet g\u00f6steren \u015firketler taraf\u0131ndan kurulan m\u00fcesseseleri ifade etti\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir. An\u0131lan f\u0131kran\u0131n (m) bendinde ise kamu kurum ve kurulu\u015flar\u0131, organize sanayi b\u00f6lgeleri ile 6102 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019a g\u00f6re faaliyet g\u00f6steren \u015firketler taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fyerlerine i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi hizmetlerini sunmak \u00fczere kurulan gerekli donan\u0131m ve personele sahip olan ve Bakanl\u0131k\u00e7a yetkilendirilen birim ortak sa\u011fl\u0131k ve g\u00fcvenlik birimi olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
94. Kanun\u2019da ekipman muayene kurulu\u015flar\u0131 ile i\u015f hijyeni \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm, test ve analiz laboratuvarlar\u0131yla ilgili tan\u0131m yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak 25\/4\/2013 tarihli ve 28628 say\u0131l\u0131 Resm\u00ee Gazete\u2019de yay\u0131mlanan \u0130\u015f Ekipmanlar\u0131n\u0131n Kullan\u0131m\u0131nda Sa\u011fl\u0131k ve G\u00fcvenlik \u015eartlar\u0131 Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi\u2019nin 4. maddesinin (1) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (f) bendinde i\u015f ekipman\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fin yap\u0131lmas\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan herhangi bir makine, alet, cihaz, te\u00e7hizat, tesis ve tesisat\u0131 ifade etti\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir. An\u0131lan f\u0131kran\u0131n (j) bendinde ise muayenenin, i\u015f ekipmanlar\u0131n\u0131n bir veya birden \u00e7ok \u00f6zelli\u011finin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm, inceleme ve\/veya deneme y\u00f6ntemiyle bu Y\u00f6netmelik\u2019in, \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn ilgili standard\u0131n\u0131n ve\/veya imalat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n belirledi\u011fi ve\/veya risk de\u011ferlendirmesi sonucu belirlenmi\u015f teknik \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fctlere g\u00f6re durumunun kontrol edildi\u011fi faaliyetler oldu\u011fu d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Y\u00f6netmelik\u2019te ekipman muayene kurulu\u015funa ili\u015fkin bir tan\u0131m yer almamakla birlikte an\u0131lan kurulu\u015flar\u0131n kontrol faaliyetlerini icra eden kurumlar oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
95. Di\u011fer yandan 27\/1\/2023 tarihli ve 32086 say\u0131l\u0131 Resm\u00ee Gazete\u2019de yay\u0131mlanan \u0130\u015f Hijyeni \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm, Test ve Analizleri Hakk\u0131nda Y\u00f6netmelik\u2019in 4. maddesinin (1) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (\u011f) bendinde i\u015f hijyeninin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u015fartlar\u0131ndan kaynaklanan ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 olumsuz y\u00f6nde etkileyebilecek her t\u00fcrl\u00fc g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc, titre\u015fim, ayd\u0131nlatma, iyonla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 olmayan radyasyon gibi fiziksel; toz, gaz, buhar gibi kimyasal ve vir\u00fcs, bakteri, mantar gibi biyolojik etmenlerden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n korunmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik faaliyetler anlam\u0131na geldi\u011fi, an\u0131lan f\u0131kran\u0131n (j) bendinde ise laboratuvar\u0131n i\u015f hijyeni \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm, test ve\/veya analizi yapmak \u00fczere yetkilendirilmi\u015f kurulu\u015flar\u0131 ifade etti\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
96. 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 24\/A maddesinin (2) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesinde bu madde kapsam\u0131nda denetim g\u00f6revi yapan Bakanl\u0131k personelinin kolluk kuvvetlerinin yard\u0131m\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 duyduklar\u0131 takdirde askeri i\u015fyerleri hari\u00e7 olmak \u00fczere durumu ilgili m\u00fclki idare amirine iletece\u011fi d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
97. An\u0131lan f\u0131kran\u0131n ikinci c\u00fcmlesinde ise m\u00fclki idare amirinin 10\/6\/1949 tarihli ve 5442 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130l \u0130daresi Kanunu ile 4\/7\/1934 tarihli ve 2559 say\u0131l\u0131 Polis Vazife ve Sal\u00e2hiyet Kanunu\u2019nun verdi\u011fi yetkiler \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde yapaca\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirme sonucunda bu talebi uygun bulursa yeteri kadar kolluk kuvvetini g\u00f6revlendirece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. S\u00f6z konusu c\u00fcmlenin \u201c…10\/6\/1949 tarihli ve 5442 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130l \u0130daresi Kanunu ile 4\/7\/1934 tarihli ve 2559 say\u0131l\u0131 Polis Vazife ve Sal\u00e2hiyet Kanununun verdi\u011fi yetkiler \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde yapaca\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirme sonucunda bu talebi uygun bulursa…\u201d b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc dava konusu kural\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
2. \u0130ptal Talebinin Gerek\u00e7esi<\/p>\n
98. Dava dilek\u00e7esinde \u00f6zetle; dava konusu kuralla 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 24\/A maddesi kapsam\u0131nda g\u00f6rev yapan Bakanl\u0131k personelinin kolluk kuvvetlerinin yard\u0131m\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 duymas\u0131 durumunda, bu ki\u015filerin taleplerinin yerine getirilmesinin m\u00fclki idare amirinin takdirine b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu takdir yetkisine dair genel \u00e7er\u00e7evenin \u00e7izilmedi\u011fi, i\u015fin \u00f6zel niteli\u011fi dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kuralda at\u0131f yap\u0131lan kanun h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin genel \u00e7er\u00e7eve olu\u015fturamayaca\u011f\u0131, bu durumun devletin i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi alan\u0131ndaki denetleme faaliyetinin etkin ve verimli olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilememesine neden olaca\u011f\u0131, 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 97. maddesinde idareye zab\u0131talar y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ba\u011fl\u0131 yetki verilirken kuralda idareye kolluk kuvvetleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z takdir yetkisi tan\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n farkl\u0131 muamele niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131, kural nedeniyle i\u015f\u00e7ilerin sa\u011fl\u0131ks\u0131z ve g\u00fcvensiz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortamlar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak zorunda kalacaklar\u0131, bu durumun ya\u015fam, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve sosyal g\u00fcvenlik haklar\u0131 ile uluslararas\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fme h\u00fck\u00fcmlerini de ihlal etti\u011fi belirtilerek kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2., 5., 7., 10., 17., 49., 56., 60., 90. ve 123. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
3. Anayasa\u2019ya Ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k Sorunu<\/p>\n
99. 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 24\/A maddesinin devletin i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi konusundaki kanunlar\u0131n i\u015fverenler hakk\u0131nda \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc m\u00fckellefiyetlerin uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak etkili mekanizma kurma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn bir gere\u011fi olarak ihdas edildi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu kapsamda an\u0131lan maddeyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n g\u00fcvenli ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir i\u015f ortam\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n temin edilebilmesi i\u00e7in baz\u0131 i\u015fyerlerinin Bakanl\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan denetlenebilmesine imk\u00e2n tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
100. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n g\u00fcvenli ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir i\u015f ortam\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n temin edilebilmesi, bu konuda yap\u0131lacak denetimlerin etkin olmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir. Denetimin etkin olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak ara\u00e7lardan birisi de denetimin icras\u0131na engel olu\u015fturabilecek fiilleri \u00f6nleyecek ya da durduracak zor kullanma yetkisinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Maddenin (2) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesinde Bakanl\u0131k tefti\u015f g\u00f6revlilerinin denetim s\u0131ras\u0131nda kolluk kuvvetinin yard\u0131m\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 duymalar\u0131 durumunda, bu hususta m\u00fclki idare amirinden talepte bulunabilecekleri belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
101. An\u0131lan Kanun\u2019un verdi\u011fi yetki \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde kamu hizmeti icra eden Bakanl\u0131k tefti\u015f g\u00f6revlilerine kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6revlerini yapmalar\u0131n\u0131 engelleyecek fiillerin kamusal d\u00fczeni bozacak nitelikte oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Bu durumda kamu d\u00fczeninin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in s\u00f6z konusu fiillerin \u00f6nlenmesi ya da sona erdirilmesi ise ancak zor kullanma g\u00fc\u00e7 ve yetkisine sahip olan kolluk kuvvetinin yard\u0131m\u0131yla m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilecektir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla madde kapsam\u0131nda denetim yapan Bakanl\u0131k g\u00f6revlilerinin kollu\u011fun yard\u0131m\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 duymalar\u0131 ancak denetim yap\u0131lacak yerde bir direni\u015fle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmalar\u0131 durumunda g\u00fcndeme gelecektir.<\/p>\n
102. 5442 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 9. ve 27. maddelerinde illerde valiler, il\u00e7elerde ise kaymakamlar m\u00fclki idare amiri olarak belirlenmi\u015ftir. An\u0131lan Kanun\u2019un 11. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (A) bendinde valinin, il s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde bulunan genel ve \u00f6zel b\u00fct\u00fcn kolluk kuvvet ve te\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n amiri oldu\u011fu, su\u00e7 i\u015flenmesini \u00f6nlemek, kamu d\u00fczenini ve g\u00fcvenini korumak i\u00e7in gereken tedbirleri alaca\u011f\u0131, bu maksatla devletin genel ve \u00f6zel kolluk kuvvetlerini istihdam edece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. S\u00f6z konusu bentte kolluk te\u015fkilat\u0131 amir ve memurlar\u0131n\u0131n vali taraf\u0131ndan verilen emirleri derh\u00e2l yerine getirmekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc oldu\u011fu d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
103. Di\u011fer yandan Kanun\u2019un 32. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (A) bendinde kaymakamlar\u0131n, il\u00e7e s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde bulunan genel ve \u00f6zel kolluk kuvvet ve te\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n amiri oldu\u011fu; (B) bendinde ise kaymakamlar\u0131n su\u00e7 i\u015flenmesini \u00f6nlemek, kamu d\u00fczeni ve g\u00fcvenini korumak i\u00e7in gereken tedbirleri alaca\u011f\u0131, bu maksatla devletin genel ve \u00f6zel kolluk kuvvetlerini istihdam edece\u011fi, kanun, Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararnamesi ve di\u011fer mevzuat ile Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131nca al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bulunan karar ve tedbirlerin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi i\u00e7in emirler verece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. (B) bendinde ayr\u0131ca kolluk te\u015fkilat\u0131 amir ve memurlar\u0131n\u0131n kaymakam taraf\u0131ndan verilen emirleri derh\u00e2l yerine getirmekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc olduklar\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcm alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
104. Kolluk kuvvetinin m\u00fclki idare amirlerinin emri alt\u0131nda g\u00f6rev icra etmelerini dikkate alan kanun koyucu 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 24\/A maddesinin (2) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131nda Bakanl\u0131k tefti\u015f g\u00f6revlilerinin kolluk kuvveti yard\u0131m talebini m\u00fclki idare amirlerine iletmelerini ve bu husustaki g\u00f6revlendirmenin m\u00fclki idare amirleri taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenlemi\u015ftir. An\u0131lan f\u0131kran\u0131n ikinci c\u00fcmlesinde yer alan dava konusu kural Bakanl\u0131k tefti\u015f g\u00f6revlilerinin kolluk kuvveti yard\u0131m\u0131 talep etmesi durumunda bu talebin yerine getirilmesi konusunda m\u00fclki idare amirlerine 5442 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun ile 2559 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un verdi\u011fi yetkiler \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde bir takdir yetkisi tan\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
105. Kollu\u011fun faaliyet alan\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7 g\u00fcvenlik hizmeti olmas\u0131 nedeniyle s\u00f6z konusu te\u015fkilat\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7, silah ve benzeri ara\u00e7lar kullanma yetkisinin yan\u0131nda adli soru\u015fturma ve kovu\u015fturmalarla ilgili de yetkileri bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle kolluk kuvvetleri, di\u011fer kamu g\u00f6revlilerinden farkl\u0131 olarak ki\u015filerin temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerine m\u00fcdahale niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131yan i\u015f ve i\u015flemleri yapma konusunda daha fazla yetkiye sahiptir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kolluk kuvvetinin yetkilerini kullanmas\u0131 konusunda bu te\u015fkilat \u00fczerinde do\u011frudan emir ve talimat verme yetkisi olan m\u00fclki idare amirlerine takdir yetkisinin tan\u0131nmas\u0131, kolluk kuvvetlerince y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen hizmetin niteli\u011finin ve hassasiyetinin gerektirdi\u011fi bir durumdur.<\/p>\n
106. \u00d6te yandan kuralda m\u00fclki idare amirlerine tan\u0131nan takdir yetkisi -at\u0131fta bulunulan kanunlar da dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda- i\u015fyeri denetimi s\u0131ras\u0131nda kolluk kuvveti yard\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n gerekli olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hususuyla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle m\u00fclki idare amirinin takdir yetkisinin Bakanl\u0131k tefti\u015f g\u00f6revlilerinden kolluk kuvveti yard\u0131m\u0131 talebi geldi\u011finde, bu g\u00f6revlilerin denetlenen yerlerde engellemeyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131p kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, bu durumun kolluk kuvvetinin zor kullanma yetkisini kullanmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirip gerektirmedi\u011fini de\u011ferlendirmeye y\u00f6nelik oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla m\u00fclki idare amirinin tefti\u015f yap\u0131lacak yerde i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi konusunda bir denetleme yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n gerekip gerekmedi\u011fine karar verme yetkisine sahip olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
107. Bu itibarla m\u00fclki idare amirine sadece zor kullanman\u0131n gerekli olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hususuyla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bir de\u011ferlendirme yetkisi tan\u0131yan kural\u0131n i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011finin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla yap\u0131lan denetimin etkinli\u011fini ortadan kald\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenemez. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kural\u0131n devletin ya\u015fam hakk\u0131, ki\u015finin maddi ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruma ve geli\u015ftirme hakk\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hakk\u0131ndan kaynaklanan y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleriyle \u00e7eli\u015fen bir y\u00f6n\u00fc bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
108. A\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerle kural, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. ve 49. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 de\u011fildir. \u0130ptal talebinin reddi gerekir.<\/p>\n
Kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2. ve 5. maddelerine de ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ise de bu ba\u011flamda belirtilen hususlar\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. ve 49. maddeleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden yap\u0131lan de\u011ferlendirmeler kapsam\u0131nda ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 nedeniyle Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2. ve 5. maddeleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ayr\u0131ca bir inceleme yap\u0131lmas\u0131na gerek g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 7., 10., 56., 60., 90. ve 123. maddeleriyle ilgisi g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
IV. Y\u00dcR\u00dcRL\u00dc\u011e\u00dcN DURDURULMASI TALEB\u0130<\/p>\n
109. Dava dilek\u00e7esinde \u00f6zetle, dava konusu kurallar\u0131n uygulanmalar\u0131 h\u00e2linde telafisi g\u00fc\u00e7 veya imk\u00e2ns\u0131z zararlar\u0131n do\u011fabilece\u011fi belirtilerek y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fcklerinin durdurulmas\u0131na karar verilmesi talep edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
25\/1\/2024 tarihli ve 7495 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Kanunu ile Baz\u0131 Kanunlarda De\u011fi\u015fiklik Yap\u0131lmas\u0131na Dair Kanun\u2019un;<\/p>\n
A. 1. maddesiyle 25\/8\/1999 tarihli ve 4447 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Kanunu\u2019nun ek 2. maddesinin d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015ftirilen yedinci c\u00fcmlesine,<\/p>\n
B. 2. maddesiyle 4447 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un ge\u00e7ici 10. maddesinin de\u011fi\u015ftirilen on ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n ikinci c\u00fcmlesine,<\/p>\n
C. 6. maddesiyle 31\/5\/2006 tarihli ve 5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Sosyal Sigortalar ve Genel Sa\u011fl\u0131k Sigortas\u0131 Kanunu\u2019na eklenen ge\u00e7ici 101. maddenin;<\/p>\n
1. Birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesinde yer alan \u201c…ve bu tutar \u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonundan kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131r.\u201d ibaresine,<\/p>\n
2. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesinde yer alan \u201c…\u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonu…\u201d ve \u201c\u2026\u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonunca\u2026\u201d ibarelerine,<\/p>\n
3. Alt\u0131nc\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131nda yer alan \u201c…\u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonunca…\u201d ibaresine,<\/p>\n
4. Dokuzuncu f\u0131kras\u0131nda yer alan \u201c…\u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonu…\u201d ibaresine,<\/p>\n
\u00c7. 8. maddesiyle 20\/6\/2012 tarihli ve 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Kanunu\u2019nun 24. maddesinin (2) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na,<\/p>\n
D. 9. maddesiyle 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019a eklenen 24\/A maddesinin (2) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n ikinci c\u00fcmlesinin \u201c…10\/6\/1949 tarihli ve 5442 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130l \u0130daresi Kanunu ile 4\/7\/1934 tarihli ve 2559 say\u0131l\u0131 Polis Vazife ve Sal\u00e2hiyet Kanununun verdi\u011fi yetkiler \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde yapaca\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirme sonucunda bu talebi uygun bulursa…\u201d b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne,<\/p>\n
y\u00f6nelik iptal talepleri 11\/2\/2025 tarihli ve E.2024\/70, K.2025\/36 say\u0131l\u0131 kararla reddedildi\u011finden bu c\u00fcmlelere, b\u00f6l\u00fcme, ibarelere ve y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131rmaya ili\u015fkin y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn durdurulmas\u0131 taleplerinin REDD\u0130NE 11\/2\/2025 tarihinde OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
V. H\u00dcK\u00dcM<\/p>\n
25\/1\/2024 tarihli ve 7495 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Kanunu ile Baz\u0131 Kanunlarda De\u011fi\u015fiklik Yap\u0131lmas\u0131na Dair Kanun\u2019un;<\/p>\n
A. 1. maddesiyle 25\/8\/1999 tarihli ve 4447 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Kanunu\u2019nun ek 2. maddesinin d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015ftirilen yedinci c\u00fcmlesinin Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve iptal talebinin REDD\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
B. 2. maddesiyle 4447 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un ge\u00e7ici 10. maddesinin de\u011fi\u015ftirilen on ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n ikinci c\u00fcmlesinin Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve iptal talebinin REDD\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
C. 6. maddesiyle 31\/5\/2006 tarihli ve 5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Sosyal Sigortalar ve Genel Sa\u011fl\u0131k Sigortas\u0131 Kanunu\u2019na eklenen ge\u00e7ici 101. maddenin;<\/p>\n
1. Birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesinde yer alan \u201c…ve bu tutar \u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonundan kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131r.\u201d ibaresinin,<\/p>\n
2. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesinde yer alan \u201c…\u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonu…\u201d ve \u201c\u2026\u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonunca\u2026\u201d ibarelerinin,<\/p>\n
3. Alt\u0131nc\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131nda yer alan \u201c…\u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonunca…\u201d ibaresinin,<\/p>\n
4. Dokuzuncu f\u0131kras\u0131nda yer alan \u201c…\u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonu…\u201d ibaresinin,<\/p>\n
Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmad\u0131klar\u0131na ve iptal taleplerinin REDD\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
\u00c7. 8. maddesiyle 20\/6\/2012 tarihli ve 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Kanunu\u2019nun 24. maddesinin (2) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve iptal talebinin REDD\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
D. 9. maddesiyle 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019a eklenen 24\/A maddesinin (2) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n ikinci c\u00fcmlesinin \u201c…10\/6\/1949 tarihli ve 5442 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130l \u0130daresi Kanunu ile 4\/7\/1934 tarihli ve 2559 say\u0131l\u0131 Polis Vazife ve Sal\u00e2hiyet Kanununun verdi\u011fi yetkiler \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde yapaca\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirme sonucunda bu talebi uygun bulursa…\u201d b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve iptal talebinin REDD\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
11\/2\/2025 tarihinde OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE karar verildi.<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fkan<\/p>\n
Kadir \u00d6ZKAYA<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fkanvekili<\/p>\n
Hasan Tahsin G\u00d6KCAN<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fkanvekili<\/p>\n
Basri BA\u011eCI<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
Engin YILDIRIM<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
R\u0131dvan G\u00dcLE\u00c7<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
Recai AKYEL<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
Yusuf \u015eevki HAKYEMEZ<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
Y\u0131ld\u0131z SEFER\u0130NO\u011eLU<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
Selahaddin MENTE\u015e<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
\u0130rfan F\u0130DAN<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
Kenan YA\u015eAR<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
Muhterem \u0130NCE<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
Y\u0131lmaz AK\u00c7\u0130L<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
\u00d6mer \u00c7INAR<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
Metin KIRATLI<\/p>\n
\u200bAnayasa Mahkemesi’nin 11\/2\/2025 tarihli, 2024\/70 esas – 2025\/36 karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131\u00a0Hukuki Haber<\/p>\n
Haberin Al\u0131nt\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kaynak: www.hukukihaber.net<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130 KARARI \u00a0 Esas Say\u0131s\u0131 : 2024\/70 Karar Say\u0131s\u0131 : 2025\/36 Karar Tarihi : 11\/2\/2025 R.G.Tarih-Say\u0131 : 29\/4\/2025-32885 \u00a0 \u0130PTAL DAVASINI A\u00c7AN: T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi \u00fcyeleri Burcu K\u00d6KSAL, G\u00f6khan G\u00dcNAYDIN, Ali Mahir BA\u015eARIR ile birlikte 128 milletvekili \u0130PTAL DAVASININ KONUSU: 25\/1\/2024 tarihli ve 7495 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Kanunu ile Baz\u0131 Kanunlarda De\u011fi\u015fiklik Yap\u0131lmas\u0131na Dair Kanun\u2019un; A. 1. maddesiyle 25\/8\/1999 tarihli ve 4447 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Kanunu\u2019nun ek 2. maddesinin d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015ftirilen yedinci c\u00fcmlesinin, B. 2. maddesiyle 4447 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un ge\u00e7ici 10. maddesinin de\u011fi\u015ftirilen on ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n ikinci c\u00fcmlesinin, C. 6. maddesiyle 31\/5\/2006 tarihli ve 5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Sosyal Sigortalar ve Genel Sa\u011fl\u0131k Sigortas\u0131 Kanunu\u2019na eklenen ge\u00e7ici 101. maddenin; 1. Birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesinde yer alan \u201c…ve bu tutar \u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonundan kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131r.\u201d ibaresinin, 2. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesinde yer alan \u201c…\u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonu…\u201d ve \u201c\u2026\u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonunca\u2026\u201d ibarelerinin, 3. Alt\u0131nc\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131nda yer alan \u201c…\u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonunca…\u201d ibaresinin, 4. Dokuzuncu f\u0131kras\u0131nda yer alan \u201c…\u0130\u015fsizlik Sigortas\u0131 Fonu…\u201d ibaresinin, \u00c7. 8. maddesiyle 20\/6\/2012 tarihli ve 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Kanunu\u2019nun 24. maddesinin (2) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n, D. 9. maddesiyle 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019a eklenen 24\/A maddesinin (2) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n ikinci c\u00fcmlesinin \u201c…10\/6\/1949 tarihli ve 5442 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130l \u0130daresi Kanunu …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-70133","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hukukihaber"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n