T\u00dcRK\u0130YE CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130<\/p>\n
ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130<\/p>\n
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B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM<\/p>\n
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KARAR<\/p>\n
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FATMA \u0130R\u0130 VE D\u0130\u011eERLER\u0130 BA\u015eVURUSU<\/p>\n
(Ba\u015fvuru Numaras\u0131: 2021\/5115)<\/p>\n
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Karar Tarihi: 31\/10\/2024<\/p>\n
B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM<\/p>\n
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KARAR<\/p>\n
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Ba\u015fkan<\/p>\n
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Hasan Tahsin G\u00d6KCAN<\/p>\n
\u00dcyeler<\/p>\n
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Recai AKYEL<\/p>\n
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Yusuf \u015eevki HAKYEMEZ<\/p>\n
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\u0130rfan F\u0130DAN<\/p>\n
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Muhterem \u0130NCE<\/p>\n
Raport\u00f6r<\/p>\n
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Volkan \u00c7AKMAK<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fvurucular<\/p>\n
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1. Fatma \u0130R\u0130<\/p>\n
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2. Faysal \u0130R\u0130<\/p>\n
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3. Hasan H\u00fcseyin \u0130R\u0130<\/p>\n
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4. Selver \u0130R\u0130<\/p>\n
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5. Semra \u0130R\u0130<\/p>\n
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6. Yusuf \u0130R\u0130<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fvurucular Vekili<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
Av. Tahsin KO\u00c7<\/p>\n
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I. BA\u015eVURUNUN \u00d6ZET\u0130<\/p>\n
1. Ba\u015fvuru; ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 sonucu meydana gelen \u00f6l\u00fcm nedeniyle ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131n, \u00f6l\u00fcm olay\u0131na ili\u015fkin olarak a\u00e7\u0131lan tazminat davas\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcre a\u015f\u0131m\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden reddedilmesi nedeniyle de adil yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fi iddialar\u0131na ili\u015fkindir.<\/p>\n
2. Hatay’\u0131n Reyhanl\u0131 il\u00e7esinde 11\/5\/2013 tarihinde biri belediye binas\u0131 \u00f6n\u00fcnde di\u011feri postane binas\u0131 yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda olmak \u00fczere bomba y\u00fckl\u00fc iki arac\u0131n infilak ettirilmesi suretiyle ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Sald\u0131r\u0131 sonucu 51 ki\u015fi ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirmi\u015f, 222 ki\u015fi yaralanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015fvurucular\u0131n murisi M.\u0130. s\u00f6z konusu sald\u0131r\u0131 sonucu hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybedenlerden biridir. Ba\u015fvurucu Hasan H\u00fcseyin \u0130ri taraf\u0131ndan 21\/5\/2013 tarihinde Hatay Valili\u011fi Zarar Tespit Komisyonuna yap\u0131lan ba\u015fvuru \u00fczerine sulhname haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f, 17\/7\/2004 tarihli\u011f ve 5233 say\u0131l\u0131 Ter\u00f6r ve Ter\u00f6rle M\u00fccadeleden Do\u011fan Zararlar\u0131n Kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Kanun uyar\u0131nca 25.842,95 TL tutar\u0131nda maddi tazminat\u0131n M.\u0130.nin miras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131na \u00f6denmesine karar verilmi\u015f ancak sulhname ba\u015fvurucular taraf\u0131ndan imzalanmam\u0131\u015f 14\/10\/2013 tarihinde uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k tutana\u011f\u0131 d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
3. S\u00f6z konusu ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131yla ilgili olarak \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 M\u00fclkiye M\u00fcfetti\u015fli\u011fi taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenen 30\/6\/2014 tarihli \u00f6n inceleme raporunda \u00f6zetle Hatay Emniyet M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne olay \u00f6ncesi konuyla ilgili \u00e7ok say\u0131da ihbar geldi\u011fi, istihbarat birimleri taraf\u0131ndan ara\u00e7 plakas\u0131, \u015fah\u0131s isimleri gibi bilgilerin de belirtilmesi suretiyle Hatay Emniyetine bilgi sunuldu\u011fu, patlaman\u0131n meydana gelmesinde \u00f6nlem almayan emniyet birimlerinin hizmet kusuru oldu\u011fu ve ilgililer hakk\u0131nda soru\u015fturma izni verilmesi gerekti\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
4. \u0130lgili emniyet g\u00f6revlileri hakk\u0131nda Hatay Valili\u011fi taraf\u0131ndan soru\u015fturma izni verilmesi \u00fczerine Hatay Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nca 30\/12\/2014 tarihinde g\u00f6revi k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullanma su\u00e7undan iddianame d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f, iddianamenin kabul\u00fc ile Hatay 7. Asliye Ceza Mahkemesi nezdinde 19\/1\/2015 tarihinde kamu davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
5. Ba\u015fvurucular 18\/11\/2015 tarihinde \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na sunduklar\u0131 dilek\u00e7e ileM.K.n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc nedeniyle u\u011frad\u0131klar\u0131 manevi zararlar\u0131n \u00f6denmesi i\u00e7in talepte bulunmu\u015ftur. Ba\u015fvurucular, talebin 26\/11\/2015 tarihli i\u015flemle reddedilmesi \u00fczerine 25\/1\/2016 tarihinde tam yarg\u0131 davas\u0131 a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dava dilek\u00e7elerinde patlaman\u0131n ve \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin ya\u015fanmas\u0131nda idarenin ihmali oldu\u011funu, istihbarat bilgisi bulunmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n \u00f6nlem almad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ileri s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f; dava a\u00e7ma s\u00fcresine ili\u015fkin a\u00e7\u0131klama yaparak 5233 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’dan ayr\u0131 olarak kusur sorumlulu\u011fu temelinde dava a\u00e7t\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 vurgulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
6. Hatay \u0130dare Mahkemesi 26\/2\/2016 tarihli karar\u0131yla davay\u0131 s\u00fcre a\u015f\u0131m\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden reddetmi\u015f; gerek\u00e7ede 6\/1\/1982 tarihli ve 2577 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130dari Yarg\u0131lama Usul\u00fc Kanunu uyar\u0131nca olay tarihinden itibaren bir y\u0131l i\u00e7inde en ge\u00e7 12\/5\/2014 g\u00fcn\u00fc idari ba\u015fvuru yap\u0131l\u0131p sonucuna g\u00f6re altm\u0131\u015f g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde dava a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekirken \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn (ve ayr\u0131ca Uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k Tutana\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n) \u00fczerinden uzun s\u00fcre ge\u00e7mesinin ard\u0131ndan dava a\u00e7ma s\u00fcresini canland\u0131rma olana\u011f\u0131 olmayan 18\/11\/2015 tarihli idari ba\u015fvuru \u00fczerine verilen ret cevab\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan 25\/1\/2016 tarihinde a\u00e7\u0131lan davada s\u00fcre a\u015f\u0131m\u0131 bulundu\u011funu ifade etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
7. Dan\u0131\u015ftay Onuncu Dairesi 28\/3\/2018 tarihli karar\u0131yla s\u00fcre ret karar\u0131n\u0131 bozmu\u015f; gerek\u00e7ede \u00f6zetle 2577 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’da tam yarg\u0131 davalar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen bir ve be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcrelerin eylemin idarili\u011finin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 andan itibaren hesaplanmas\u0131n\u0131n \u015fart oldu\u011funu, somut olayda ise eylemin idarili\u011finin 19\/1\/2015 tarihinde a\u00e7\u0131lan ceza davas\u0131 ile ba\u015fvurucu taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6\u011frenildi\u011finin kabul\u00fc gerekti\u011fini, bu nedenle de ceza davas\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131ndan itibaren bir y\u0131l i\u00e7inde 18\/11\/2015 tarihinde yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lan idari ba\u015fvuru \u00fczerine a\u00e7\u0131lan davan\u0131n s\u00fcresinde oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015ftir. Karar d\u00fczeltme a\u015famas\u0131nda ise Daire, bozma karar\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131rarak Hatay \u0130dare Mahkemesinin 26\/2\/2016 tarihli s\u00fcre ret karar\u0131n\u0131 19\/10\/2020 tarihinde onam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
8. Ba\u015fvurucu, nihai karar\u0131 28\/1\/2021 tarihinde \u00f6\u011frenmesinin ard\u0131ndan 12\/2\/2\/2021 tarihinde bireysel ba\u015fvuruda bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
9. Komisyonca ba\u015fvurunun kabul edilebilirlik ve esas incelemesinin B\u00f6l\u00fcm taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
II. DE\u011eERLEND\u0130RME<\/p>\n
A. Adil Yarg\u0131lanma Hakk\u0131n\u0131n \u0130hlal Edildi\u011fine \u0130li\u015fkin \u0130ddia<\/p>\n
10. Ba\u015fvurucular ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesinde idarenin kusuru bulundu\u011funun olay tarihinde \u00f6\u011frenilmesinin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, s\u00fcre ret karar\u0131ndaki yorumun mahkemeye eri\u015fim hakk\u0131n\u0131 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 derecede s\u0131n\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve sald\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fanmas\u0131nda kusuru olan idarenin bu ihmalinin ya\u015fam\u0131 koruma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ihlal etti\u011fini belirterek adil yarg\u0131lanma haklar\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Bakanl\u0131k) g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde, somut olay s\u00fcreci ve insan haklar\u0131 yarg\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7tihad\u0131 ile mevzuat detayl\u0131 olarak aktar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f; yap\u0131lacak de\u011ferlendirmede Anayasa ve ilgili mevzuat h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin, Anayasa Mahkemesi i\u00e7tihad\u0131n\u0131n ve somut olay\u0131n kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fvurucu, Bakanl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 beyan\u0131nda ba\u015fvuru formundaki hususlar\u0131 yinelemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
11. Olay\u0131n niteli\u011fi ve formdaki iddialar do\u011frultusunda bu k\u0131sma ili\u015fkin inceleme adil yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131ndaki mahkemeye eri\u015fim hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
12. A\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a dayanaktan yoksun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kabul edilemezli\u011fine karar verilmesini gerektirecek ba\u015fka bir neden de bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lan ba\u015fvurunun kabul edilebilir oldu\u011funa karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
13. Somut s\u00fcrece bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda mahkemeye eri\u015fim hakk\u0131na davan\u0131n s\u00fcre y\u00f6n\u00fcnden reddedilmesi suretiyle yap\u0131lan m\u00fcdahalenin kanuni dayana\u011f\u0131 (2577 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 13.maddesi) oldu\u011fu ve s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n me\u015fru amac\u0131 bulundu\u011fu (idari i\u015flem ya da eylemlere kar\u015f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lacak davalarda s\u00fcre ko\u015fulu \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmesinin en genel ifadeyle idari istikrar\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 \u015feklinde bir me\u015fru amaca hizmet etti\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 de\u011ferlendirme i\u00e7in bkz. Ay\u015fe Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m, B. No: 2014\/5, 25\/10\/2017, \u00a7\u00a7 54, 55; Fatma Altuner, B. No: 2014\/17714, 26\/10\/2017, \u00a7\u00a7 48, 49; \u00c7\u00f6lbeyi Lojistik Nakliyat G\u00fcmr\u00fckleme Denizcilik \u0130n\u015faat Turizm Sanayii ve Ticaret Limitet \u015eirketi, B. No: 2014\/12354, 9\/11\/2017, \u00a7 52) g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
14. Kanunilik ve me\u015fru ama\u00e7 \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lan mahkemeye eri\u015fim hakk\u0131na y\u00f6nelik m\u00fcdahale \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendirilmelidir.<\/p>\n
15. Anayasa Mahkemesi bireysel ba\u015fvuru kapsam\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmelerde ki\u015finin mahkemeye ba\u015fvurmas\u0131n\u0131 engelleyen veya mahkeme karar\u0131n\u0131 anlams\u0131z h\u00e2le getiren, bir ba\u015fka anlat\u0131mla mahkeme karar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkisizle\u015ftiren s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131n mahkemeye eri\u015fim hakk\u0131n\u0131 ihlal edebilece\u011fini ifade etmi\u015ftir. Bu nedenle mahkemelerin usul kurallar\u0131n\u0131 uygularken yarg\u0131laman\u0131n hakkaniyetine zarar getirecek \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde kat\u0131 \u015fekilcilikten ka\u00e7\u0131nmalar\u0131 gerekir. Bu ba\u011flamda dava a\u00e7ma s\u00fcresinin i\u015flemeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 an\u0131n tespiti de mahkemeye eri\u015fim hakk\u0131na yap\u0131lan m\u00fcdahalenin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ba\u011flam\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Dava a\u00e7ma s\u00fcresinin hangi tarihte ba\u015flayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek ve mevzuat\u0131 bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle yorumlamak g\u00f6revi esasen derece mahkemelerine aittir. Bireysel ba\u015fvurunun ikincillik ilkesi gere\u011fi, dava a\u00e7ma s\u00fcresinin ba\u015flat\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 tarihin belirlenmesi noktas\u0131nda Anayasa Mahkemesinin bir g\u00f6revi yoktur. Anayasa Mahkemesinin bu hususta \u00fcstlenece\u011fi rol, dava a\u00e7ma s\u00fcresinin hangi tarihten itibaren ba\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fiyle ilgili olarak derece mahkemelerinin yorumlar\u0131n\u0131n mahkemeye eri\u015fim hakk\u0131na etkisini somut olay\u0131n ko\u015fullar\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda incelemektir. Bu kapsamda dava a\u00e7ma s\u00fcresinin hak sahibinin hen\u00fcz dava hakk\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fdu\u011fundan haberdar olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve somut ko\u015fullar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde haberdar oldu\u011funun kabul\u00fcn\u00fc hakl\u0131 k\u0131lan nedenlerin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemde i\u015flemeye ba\u015flamas\u0131 dava hakk\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlams\u0131z k\u0131labilece\u011finden \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesini zedeleyebilir. U\u011fran\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclen zarar\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenildi\u011fi veya \u00f6\u011frenilmesi gereken tarih hakk\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n dava a\u00e7ma s\u00fcresine ili\u015fkin baz\u0131 kategorik kabul ve de\u011ferlendirmelerle davalar\u0131n s\u00fcre y\u00f6n\u00fcnden reddedilmesi mahkemeye eri\u015fim hakk\u0131n\u0131 ihlal edebilir. Eylemin idarili\u011fi ve do\u011furdu\u011fu zarar, bazen eylemin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesinden sonra de\u011fi\u015fik ara\u015ft\u0131rma, inceleme hatta ceza yarg\u0131lamalar\u0131 sonucunu ortaya \u00e7\u0131karabilmektedir. Vakan\u0131n sebebinin, olay\u0131 \u00e7evreleyen ko\u015fullar\u0131n adli veya idari soru\u015fturmalarla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda ilgililerin bu ko\u015fullar\u0131 bilmelerinin takip edecekleri usul ile ba\u015fvuracaklar\u0131 idari\/adli mercilerin belirlenmesinde ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla tam yarg\u0131 davas\u0131 a\u00e7ma iradeleri \u00fczerinde \u00f6nemli etkisi vard\u0131r. Bu durum \u00f6zellikle tam yarg\u0131 davas\u0131n\u0131n kusur veya ihmalin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na dayand\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda \u00f6nemlidir. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede eylemin idarili\u011finin veya yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 zarar\u0131n ya da illiyet ba\u011f\u0131n\u0131n eylemden \u00e7ok sonra anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya ortaya konulabildi\u011fi durumlarda dava a\u00e7ma s\u00fcresinin bu tarihlerden sonra ba\u015flayaca\u011f\u0131 kabul edilmelidir (aktar\u0131lan ilkeler i\u00e7in bkz. \u00d6zkan \u015een, B. No: 2012\/791, 7\/11\/2013; \u015eeyma Kayao\u011flu, B. No: 2014\/5491, 5\/7\/2017; Kamil Ko\u00e7, B. No: 2012\/660, 7\/11\/2013; Ya\u015far \u00c7oban [GK], B. No: 2014\/6673, 25\/7\/2017; Ahmet Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m, B. No: 2014\/18135, 20\/9\/2017)<\/p>\n
16. Ba\u015fvurucular, idarenin kusurlu oldu\u011funun, emniyet birimlerinin olayda ihmali oldu\u011funun ceza davas\u0131 ile \u00f6\u011frenildi\u011fini, idari ba\u015fvuru s\u00fcresinin ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 tarihi olarak \u00f6l\u00fcm olay\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi tarihin esas al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n mahkemeye eri\u015fim haklar\u0131n\u0131 ihlal etti\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
17. Yukar\u0131da da belirtildi\u011fi \u00fczere (bkz. \u00a7 15) adli ya da idari soru\u015fturmalar\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131 veya sonu\u00e7lanmas\u0131yla elde edilen bilgiler ilgililerin dava hakk\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve takip edecekleri usul\u00fcn belirlenmesinde \u00f6nemli bir yer tutmaktad\u0131r. Bir ba\u015fka ifadeyle vakan\u0131n ko\u015fullar\u0131na dair bilginin idarenin kusuruna dayan\u0131larak tazminat davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131p a\u00e7\u0131lmamas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik tasarruf hususunda y\u00f6nlendirici bir etkisi oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
18. Anayasa Mahkemesince daha \u00f6nce benzer nitelikteki ba\u015fvurularda verilen kararlarda belirtildi\u011fi \u00fczere eylemin idarili\u011finin her vakada -\u00f6zellikle \u00f6l\u00fcmle sonu\u00e7lanan olaylarda- eylemle hemen \u00f6\u011frenilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayabilir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla idarili\u011fin, yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 zarar\u0131n ya da aras\u0131ndaki illiyet ba\u011f\u0131n\u0131n eylemden sonra anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya da ortaya konulabildi\u011fi durumlarda dava a\u00e7ma s\u00fcresinin bu tarihlerden sonra ba\u015flayaca\u011f\u0131 kabul edilmektedir.<\/p>\n
19. Somut olayda \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn 11\/5\/2013 tarihinde meydana gelen ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 sonucu ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi konusunda teredd\u00fct bulunmamaktad\u0131r. \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan inceleme, akabinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen soru\u015fturma izni verilmesi i\u015flemleri ve olayda ihmali\/kusuru bulundu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen emniyet g\u00f6revlileri hakk\u0131nda 19\/1\/2015 tarihinde a\u00e7\u0131lan ceza davas\u0131 ile eylemin veya eylemsizlik\/ihmal halinin de\u011ferlendirilebilir oldu\u011fu, bir ba\u015fka ifadeyle olayda idarenin kusurunun bulunmas\u0131 durumunun a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ba\u015fvurucular\u0131n an\u0131lan s\u00fcre\u00e7ten \u00f6nce \u00f6l\u00fcm olay\u0131na sebebiyet veren olguya dair ihmale, eylemsizli\u011fe ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla eylemin idarili\u011fine ili\u015fkin bir bilgiye, veriye sahip olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamda ba\u015fvurucular\u0131n murislerinin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne neden olan ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131nda idarenin kusur do\u011furabilecek eylemsizli\u011fini (\u00f6nlem almama hali), zararla idari eylemsizlik aras\u0131nda illiyet ba\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011funu \u00f6l\u00fcm olay\u0131yla derh\u00e2l \u00f6\u011frendi\u011finden s\u00f6z edilemez.<\/p>\n
20. Bu itibarla ba\u015fvurucular\u0131n olay\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi 11\/5\/2013 tarihini esas alarak u\u011frad\u0131klar\u0131 zararla ilgili olarak idari ba\u015fvuru yapmak suretiyle dava a\u00e7malar\u0131n\u0131n beklenmesi ba\u015fvuruculara orant\u0131s\u0131z bir k\u00fclfet y\u00fcklemektedir.<\/p>\n
21. Buna g\u00f6re Mahkemenin dava a\u00e7ma s\u00fcrelerini belirlemesine ili\u015fkin yorumunun ba\u015fvurucular\u0131n mahkemeye eri\u015fim hakk\u0131na y\u00f6nelik kat\u0131 bir yorum oldu\u011fu ve bu yorumun mahkemeye eri\u015fim hakk\u0131n\u0131 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 derecede g\u00fc\u00e7le\u015ftirerek neredeyse imk\u00e2ns\u0131z h\u00e2le getirdi\u011fi de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir. Bu nedenle davan\u0131n s\u00fcre a\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndan reddedilmesi suretiyle ba\u015fvurucular\u0131n mahkemeye eri\u015fim hakk\u0131na y\u00f6nelen m\u00fcdahalenin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcz oldu\u011fu sonucuna var\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
22. A\u00e7\u0131klanan gerek\u00e7elerle Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 36. maddesinde g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan adil yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131ndaki mahkemeye eri\u015fim hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
B. Ya\u015fam Hakk\u0131n\u0131n \u0130hlal Edildi\u011fine \u0130li\u015fkin \u0130ddia<\/p>\n
23. Ba\u015fvurucular, ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fanmas\u0131nda kusuru olan idarenin bu ihmalinin ya\u015fam\u0131 koruma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ihlal etti\u011fini belirterek ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde somut olay s\u00fcrecini ve insan haklar\u0131 yarg\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7tihad\u0131 ile mevzuat\u0131 detayl\u0131 olarak aktaran Bakanl\u0131k yap\u0131lacak de\u011ferlendirmede Anayasa ve ilgili mevzuat h\u00fck\u00fcmleri, Anayasa Mahkemesi i\u00e7tihad\u0131 ve somut olay\u0131n kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n da dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirtmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fvurucu Bakanl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 beyan\u0131nda ba\u015fvuru formundaki hususlar\u0131 yinelemi\u015ftir. Ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine ili\u015fkin iddia, mahkemeye eri\u015fim hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine karar verilmesi nedeniyle idari yarg\u0131 makamlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lacak yeniden yarg\u0131lamada incelenece\u011finden bu a\u015famada ya\u015fam hakk\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ayr\u0131ca bir inceleme yap\u0131lmas\u0131na yer olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
III. G\u0130DER\u0130M<\/p>\n
24. Ba\u015fvurucular; ihlalin tespiti, yeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ve ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 100.000 TLtazminat \u00f6denmesi talebinde bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
25. Ba\u015fvuruda tespit edilen hak ihlalinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lmas\u0131nda hukuki yarar bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu kapsamda karar\u0131n g\u00f6nderildi\u011fi yarg\u0131 mercilerince yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken i\u015f, yeniden yarg\u0131lama i\u015flemlerini ba\u015flatmak ve Anayasa Mahkemesini ihlal sonucuna ula\u015ft\u0131ran nedenleri gideren, ihlal karar\u0131nda belirtilen ilkelere uygun yeni bir karar vermektir (Mehmet Do\u011fan [GK], B. No: 2014\/8875, 7\/6\/2018, \u00a7\u00a7 54-60; Alig\u00fcl Alkaya ve di\u011ferleri (2), B. No: 2016\/12506, 7\/11\/2019, \u00a7\u00a7 53-60, 66; Kadri Enis Berbero\u011flu (3) [GK], B. No: 2020\/32949, 21\/1\/2021, \u00a7\u00a7 93-100).<\/p>\n
26. Adil yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131ndaki mahkemeye eri\u015fim hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlalinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n yeterli giderim sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan tazminat talebinin reddine karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
IV. H\u00dcK\u00dcM<\/p>\n
A\u00e7\u0131klanan gerek\u00e7elerle;<\/p>\n
A. Adil yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda mahkemeye eri\u015fim hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine ili\u015fkin iddian\u0131n KABUL ED\u0130LEB\u0130L\u0130R OLDU\u011eUNA,<\/p>\n
B. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 36. maddesinde g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan adil yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda mahkemeye eri\u015fim hakk\u0131n\u0131n \u0130HLAL ED\u0130LD\u0130\u011e\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
C. Ya\u015fam hakk\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden \u0130NCELEME YAPILMASINA GEREK OLMADI\u011eINA,<\/p>\n
D. Karar\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011finin adil yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda mahkemeye eri\u015fim hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlalinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lmak \u00fczere Hatay \u0130dare Mahkemesine (E.2016\/106, K.2016\/247) G\u00d6NDER\u0130LMES\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
E. Tazminat talebinin REDD\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
F. 487,60 TL har\u00e7 ve 30.000 TL vek\u00e2let \u00fccretinden olu\u015fan toplam 30.487,60 TL yarg\u0131lama giderinin ba\u015fvuruculara M\u00dc\u015eTEREKEN \u00d6DENMES\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
G. \u00d6demelerin karar\u0131n tebli\u011fini takiben ba\u015fvurucular\u0131n Hazine ve Maliye Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u015fvuru tarihinden itibaren d\u00f6rt ay i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lmas\u0131na, \u00f6demede gecikme olmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde bu s\u00fcrenin sona erdi\u011fi tarihten \u00f6deme tarihine kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre i\u00e7in yasal FA\u0130Z UYGULANMASINA,<\/p>\n
H. Karar\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011finin bilgi i\u00e7in Dan\u0131\u015ftay Onuncu Dairesine (E.2018\/3997, K.2020\/3976) G\u00d6NDER\u0130LMES\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
\u0130. Karar\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011finin Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na G\u00d6NDER\u0130LMES\u0130NE 31\/10\/2024 tarihinde OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE karar verildi.<\/p>\n
\u200bAnayasa Mahkemesi’nin 31\/10\/2024 tarihli ve 2021\/5115 ba\u015fvuru numaral\u0131 karar\u0131\u00a0Hukuki Haber<\/p>\n
Haberin Al\u0131nt\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kaynak: www.hukukihaber.net<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u00dcRK\u0130YE CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130 ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130 \u00a0 \u00a0 B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM \u00a0 KARAR \u00a0 FATMA \u0130R\u0130 VE D\u0130\u011eERLER\u0130 BA\u015eVURUSU (Ba\u015fvuru Numaras\u0131: 2021\/5115) \u00a0 Karar Tarihi: 31\/10\/2024 B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM \u00a0 KARAR \u00a0 \u00a0 Ba\u015fkan : Hasan Tahsin G\u00d6KCAN \u00dcyeler : Recai AKYEL \u00a0 \u00a0 Yusuf \u015eevki HAKYEMEZ \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0130rfan F\u0130DAN \u00a0 \u00a0 Muhterem \u0130NCE Raport\u00f6r : Volkan \u00c7AKMAK Ba\u015fvurucular : 1. Fatma \u0130R\u0130 \u00a0 \u00a0 2. Faysal \u0130R\u0130 \u00a0 \u00a0 3. Hasan H\u00fcseyin \u0130R\u0130 \u00a0 \u00a0 4. Selver \u0130R\u0130 \u00a0 \u00a0 5. Semra \u0130R\u0130 \u00a0 \u00a0 6. Yusuf \u0130R\u0130 Ba\u015fvurucular Vekili : Av. Tahsin KO\u00c7 \u00a0 I. BA\u015eVURUNUN \u00d6ZET\u0130 1. Ba\u015fvuru; ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 sonucu meydana gelen \u00f6l\u00fcm nedeniyle ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131n, \u00f6l\u00fcm olay\u0131na ili\u015fkin olarak a\u00e7\u0131lan tazminat davas\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcre a\u015f\u0131m\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden reddedilmesi nedeniyle de adil yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fi iddialar\u0131na ili\u015fkindir. 2. Hatay’\u0131n Reyhanl\u0131 il\u00e7esinde 11\/5\/2013 tarihinde biri belediye binas\u0131 \u00f6n\u00fcnde di\u011feri postane binas\u0131 yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda olmak \u00fczere bomba y\u00fckl\u00fc iki arac\u0131n infilak ettirilmesi suretiyle ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Sald\u0131r\u0131 sonucu 51 ki\u015fi ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirmi\u015f, 222 ki\u015fi yaralanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015fvurucular\u0131n murisi M.\u0130. s\u00f6z konusu sald\u0131r\u0131 sonucu hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybedenlerden biridir. Ba\u015fvurucu Hasan H\u00fcseyin \u0130ri taraf\u0131ndan 21\/5\/2013 tarihinde Hatay Valili\u011fi Zarar Tespit Komisyonuna yap\u0131lan ba\u015fvuru \u00fczerine sulhname haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f, 17\/7\/2004 tarihli\u011f ve 5233 say\u0131l\u0131 Ter\u00f6r ve Ter\u00f6rle M\u00fccadeleden Do\u011fan Zararlar\u0131n …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27,535],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21503","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hukukihaber","category-uncategorized-tr"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n