T\u00dcRK\u0130YE CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130<\/p>\n
ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
KARAR<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
HAKAN AYG\u00dcN BA\u015eVURUSU<\/p>\n
(Ba\u015fvuru Numaras\u0131: 2020\/13412)<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Karar Tarihi: 12\/1\/2021<\/p>\n
R.G. Tarih ve Say\u0131: 23\/2\/2021-31404<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
KARAR<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fkan<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
Hasan Tahsin G\u00d6KCAN<\/p>\n
\u00dcyeler<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
Hicabi DURSUN<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Muammer TOPAL<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Recai AKYEL<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Yusuf \u015eevki HAKYEMEZ<\/p>\n
Raport\u00f6r<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
Yusuf Enes KAYA<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fvurucu<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
Hakan AYG\u00dcN<\/p>\n
Vekili<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
Av. Semih ECER<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
I. BA\u015eVURUNUN KONUSU<\/p>\n
1. Ba\u015fvuru, sosyal medyada yap\u0131lan birtak\u0131m payla\u015f\u0131mlar dolay\u0131s\u0131yla uygulanan tutuklama tedbirinin hukuki olmamas\u0131 nedeniyle ki\u015fi h\u00fcrriyeti ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fi iddias\u0131na ili\u015fkindir.<\/p>\n
II. BA\u015eVURU S\u00dcREC\u0130<\/p>\n
2. Ba\u015fvuru 22\/4\/2020 tarihinde yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
3. Ba\u015fvuru, ba\u015fvuru formu ve eklerinin idari y\u00f6nden yap\u0131lan \u00f6n incelemesinden sonra Komisyona sunulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
4. Komisyonca ba\u015fvurunun kabul edilebilirlik incelemesinin B\u00f6l\u00fcm taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
5. Ba\u015fvuru belgelerinin bir \u00f6rne\u011fi bilgi i\u00e7in Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na (Bakanl\u0131k) g\u00f6nderilmi\u015ftir. Bakanl\u0131k, g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc bildirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
6. Ba\u015fvurucu, Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcresinde beyanda bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
III. OLAY VE OLGULAR<\/p>\n
7. Ba\u015fvuru formu ve eklerinde ifade edildi\u011fi \u015fekliyle ve Ulusal Yarg\u0131 A\u011f\u0131 Bili\u015fim Sistemi (UYAP) arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla eri\u015filen bilgi ve belgeler \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde ilgili olaylar \u00f6zetle \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
8. Sosyal medyada birtak\u0131m payla\u015f\u0131mlar yapmas\u0131 \u00fczerine ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda Bodrum Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nca soru\u015fturma ba\u015flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
9. Cumhuriyet savc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n gecikmesinde sak\u0131nca bulunan h\u00e2l kapsam\u0131nda arama yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ve ele ge\u00e7irilecek delillere el konulmas\u0131 \u015feklindeki talimat\u0131na istinaden 2\/4\/2020 tarihinde ba\u015fvurucunun kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 teknede arama yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve ba\u015fvurucu yakalanarak g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yap\u0131lan arama i\u015fleminde ba\u015fvurucuya ait diz\u00fcst\u00fc bilgisayara el konulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
10. 2\/4\/2020 tarihinde ba\u015fvurucunun kollukta ifadesi al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kolluk ifadesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucuya payla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 sosyal medya hesaplar\u0131n\u0131n kendisine ait olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorulmu\u015ftur. Ba\u015fvurucu, s\u00f6z konusu sosyal medya hesaplar\u0131n\u0131n kendisine ait oldu\u011funu ifade etmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fvurucuya sorulan payla\u015f\u0131mlar ve ba\u015fvurucunun bunlara verdi\u011fi cevaplar ise \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
i. 29\/3\/2020 tarihinde “Alkol art\u0131k haram de\u011fil size helal k\u0131ld\u0131k, ‘Corona suresi” \u015feklindeki payla\u015f\u0131mla ilgili olarak ba\u015fvurucu, bu payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
ii. 1\/4\/2020 tarihinde ”I\u015e\u0130D kafal\u0131 islamc\u0131 yobazlar, siyasal islamc\u0131lar, iman numaras\u0131yla \u0130BANa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan din s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcleri, \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131lar, fa\u015fistler, ulusalc\u0131 ge\u00e7inip ne olduklar\u0131n\u0131 kendileri de bilmeyenler, Gard\u0131rop Atat\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcler ve Gard\u0131rop m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar l\u00fctfen kanal\u0131ma abone olmay\u0131n.” \u015feklindeki payla\u015f\u0131mla ilgili olarak ba\u015fvurucu, bu payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 sosyal medya hesaplar\u0131ndan kendisine y\u00f6nelik tehdit ve hakaretlere tepki olarak yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 dile getirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
iii. 1\/4\/2020 tarihinde “Diyanetten Yard\u0131m\u0131 Belediyeye Yard\u0131m yapmay\u0131n fetvas\u0131 zekatlar\u0131n ulusal d\u00fczeyde kampanya ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131 caizdir” ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 haberi al\u0131nt\u0131layarak yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 “Ondan sonra iman m\u0131 \u0130BAN m\u0131 diye gar\u0130BAN imanl\u0131lar\u0131 tahrik eden manyaklar \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. G\u00f6r\u00fcyorsunuz b\u00fct\u00fcn olay \u0130BAN kavgas\u0131.” \u015feklindeki payla\u015f\u0131mla ilgili olarak ba\u015fvurucu, merkez\u00ee y\u00f6netimle yerel y\u00f6netimlerin COVID-19 salg\u0131n\u0131 nedeniyle para toplama tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na girmesinin ve Diyanet \u0130\u015fleri Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n da bu tart\u0131\u015fmaya d\u00e2hil olmas\u0131n\u0131n trajikomik oldu\u011funu, bu payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 da bu durumu ele\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
iv. Ba\u015fvurucu; sosyal medya \u00fczerinden yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 “\u0130BANl\u0131-\u0130manl\u0131 Ayr\u0131m\u0131: Gard\u0131rop Atat\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn yerini alan Gard\u0131rop M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n geldi\u011fi son nokta” ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 videoda yer alan “\u00d6nce ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 atay\u0131m. Biz gazeteciler ba\u015fl\u0131k atmay\u0131 severiz ilgi \u00e7ekmesi i\u00e7in eskiden hep ele\u015ftirdi\u011fimiz ya da benim gibi sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnenlerin ele\u015ftirdi\u011fi bir Gard\u0131rop Atat\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc vard\u0131 neydi \u015fekle ba\u011fl\u0131 Atat\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fck arkana Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn resmini koyars\u0131n her \u015feyi de atf\u0131 Atat\u00fcrk’e b\u0131rak\u0131rs\u0131n atam\u0131z \u00f6yle dedi Atat\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcy\u00fcm Kemalistim dersin i\u015fte ne bileyim Atat\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc sadece i\u015fte modern giyim olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn \u2026 hi\u00e7 incelemezsin modern giyim olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn vesaire yani gard\u0131roba bakars\u0131n ve bunun arkas\u0131nda da g\u00f6lgesinde mal\u0131 g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcrs\u00fcn b\u00f6yle bir gard\u0131rop Atat\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc vard\u0131 ge\u00e7mi\u015fte bu AKP d\u00f6nemine kadar sonra AKP d\u00f6neminden sonra ne olu\u015ftu biliyor musunuz Gard\u0131rop M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fekle bakan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131k i\u00e7ten de\u011fil namuslu de\u011fil t\u00fcrban\u0131m olsun ama alttan ne olursa olsun t\u00fcrbanla namus takkeyle namus namaza gitme ile namus yahu karde\u015fim namaza gidiyorsun yan\u0131nda secde durdu\u011fun adam\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015fta ben bu i\u015fte nas\u0131l bir kerizlerim keklerim diye onu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsun \u00f6yle M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131k olamaz yani Gard\u0131rop Atat\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn yerini \u015fekli Atat\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn yerini Gard\u0131rop M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar ald\u0131 \u015eimdi son g\u00fcnlerde bir tart\u0131\u015fma var \u0130BAN m\u0131 iman m\u0131 biri \u00e7ok zekice bir tweet atm\u0131\u015f tamam m\u0131 bu i\u015fte bir sureye de at\u0131fta bulunmu\u015f ben bilmiyorum hangi sure mure falan anlam\u0131yorum zekice bunu da herkes retweet ediyor i\u015fte payla\u015f\u0131yor \u015fey yap\u0131yor bu yap\u0131yor birileri de bi benim \u00fczerime bir yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015flar retweet etmi\u015fler sonra bana bir sald\u0131r\u0131ya ge\u00e7tiler vesaire … gazete vesaire hepsi sald\u0131r\u0131yor. Neymi\u015f efendim \u0130BAN denilerek iman \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak ne yapm\u0131\u015f dinimize hakaret etti dinine hi\u00e7 kimsenin hakaret eden yok imanl\u0131lar\u0131 da kaydeden yok ama \u0130BAN\u2019l\u0131lara var. Bak\u0131n bu \u0130BAN i\u015fi \u00f6neml\u0130 bak\u0131n devlet \u0130BAN topluyor belediye topluyor diye kavga \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 Diyanet belediyeye verilen caiz de\u011fildir diye Diyanet \u0130\u015fleri Ba\u015fkan\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klama yap\u0131yor, Ulusal olarak en b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne vereceksin \u00f6b\u00fcr\u00fc caiz de\u011fil, Hangi iman ya, iman demek ki \u00f6nemli de\u011fil, ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki Atat\u00fcrk Gard\u0131rop\u00e7ulu\u011fu gibi \u015fimdi de Gard\u0131rop M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 herkes imana bakm\u0131yor. Herkes \u0130BAN\u2019a bak\u0131yor ve \u00c7ok dindar\u0131m mindar\u0131m deyip ihaleyi g\u00f6t\u00fcreyim i\u015fte camiye gideyim g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fte i\u015fte t\u00fcrban\u0131m\u0131 takay\u0131m takkemi takay\u0131m g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fte bilmem ne yapay\u0131m. Ama arka planda da \u0130BAN, iman yok \u0130BAN. Bu \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir \u015fey … Ondan sonra da \u0130BAN i\u015fi mi iman i\u015fi mi dedi mi bunlar kafay\u0131 yiyorlar ve ger\u00e7ekten imanl\u0131 vatanda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n bunlara kar\u015f\u0131 \u0130BAN\u2019c\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 dikkatli olmas\u0131 laz\u0131m. Bak\u0131n bu iman m\u0131 \u0130BAN m\u0131 diye muhabbet edince etrafa sosyal medyadaki trollerin hepsi bir yere sald\u0131r\u0131yor ediyor neden hepsi \u0130BAN\u2019l\u0131 bir yerden besleniyorlar tamam m\u0131 biliyorsunuz bunlar\u0131 maa\u015fl\u0131 oturtmu\u015flar her yerden sald\u0131r\u0131yorlar ve bunlar g\u00fcya imanl\u0131lar \u0130BAN\u2019a k\u0131z\u0131yorlar imanl\u0131 adamlar\u0131n\u0131n att\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7inde bir tane akl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda tweet yok hep anan\u0131 kar\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 \u015fey yapar\u0131m bir tane yok bir tane yok bak\u0131n sosyal medyada inceleyin bunlar\u0131 ya da gelirsem seni \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr\u00fcm seni \u00f6ld\u00fcrece\u011fiz kafir cezan\u0131 verece\u011fim I\u015e\u0130D a\u011fz\u0131 \u0130BAN\u2019c\u0131 I\u015e\u0130D\u2019dirler bunlar. Biz bunlar\u0131n gaz\u0131na gelmeyece\u011fiz komplolar kuruyorlar bir yerlerin i\u00e7ine yerle\u015ftiriyorlar bir \u015feyler yap\u0131yorlar Twitter\u2019larla oynuyorlar ge\u00e7mi\u015fte FET\u00d6 yapt\u0131 bunu i\u015fte aralar\u0131na milletin bilgisayar\u0131na bulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir \u015fey dedi\u011fi ya da milletin internetine olmayan \u015feyi yerle\u015ftirdiler onlar\u0131 buldular avukat\u0131 hakimi bunlar bir \u00e7ete olmu\u015flar \u0130BAN\u2019c\u0131 \u00e7ete hepsi besleniyorlar iman\u0131 savunarak onun i\u00e7in bu \u0130BAN m\u0131 iman m\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 kim ortaya att\u0131ysa \u00e7ok hay\u0131rl\u0131 bir i\u015f yapt\u0131. Bu \u0130BAN\u2019c\u0131lar\u0131n hepsinin yeri cehennemdir ve bu iman m\u0131 \u0130BAN m\u0131 deyip \u0130BAN\u2019c\u0131lar\u0131 yerden yere vuranlarda hangi dinden olsun ister deist olsun ne olsun yeri cennettir o kadar s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorum.” \u015feklindeki konu\u015fmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin olarak ise bu payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki Atat\u00fcrk s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn yerine g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de din s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fc ile ticari kazan\u00e7 elde etmenin ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmek i\u00e7in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, herhangi bir ki\u015fiye veya kuruma hakaret etmek ya da dindar insanlar\u0131 rencide etmek gibi bir amac\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
11. Ba\u015fvurucu 3\/4\/2020 tarihinde Savc\u0131l\u0131kta verdi\u011fi ifadesinde “Bu ifademde belirtti\u011fim ve bana g\u00f6stermi\u015f oldu\u011funuz ad\u0131ma kay\u0131tl\u0131 facebook ve twitter adresleri bana aittir. S\u00f6z konusu payla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 da siyasi ele\u015ftiri kapsam\u0131nda herhangi bir tehdit, hakaret ve dini inan\u0131\u015flar\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lama kast\u0131 ile yapmad\u0131m. Facebook hesab\u0131mda yap\u0131lan ‘alkol art\u0131k haram de\u011fil, size helal k\u0131ld\u0131k korona’ suresi \u015feklindeki payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 hat\u0131rlam\u0131yorum. Yapm\u0131\u015f isem de s\u00f6z konusu payla\u015f\u0131mda dini a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lama gibi bir kast\u0131m yoktur. Yine twitter da taraf\u0131mdan payla\u015f\u0131lan ‘\u0130BAN suresi ayet 1, ey \u0130BAN edenler, biz size ayr\u0131 bankalarda \u0130BAN numaralar\u0131 verdik ki, \u0130BAN edesiniz diye, hi\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesiz ki ahiret g\u00fcn\u00fcnde \u0130BAN edenle \u0130BAN etmeyenler ayr\u0131lacakt\u0131r’ \u015feklindeki payla\u015f\u0131mla ilgili olarak ise s\u00f6z konusu payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ben yapmad\u0131m. Bu payla\u015f\u0131m konu ile alakas\u0131z ba\u015fka bir twitt mesajlar\u0131m\u0131n alt\u0131na yorum olarak yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunu g\u00f6r\u00fcnce de t\u00fcm gece sildim ve ask\u0131ya ald\u0131m. Bu konuda da hem video olarak hem twitter hesab\u0131nda sabit olarak a\u00e7\u0131klama yapt\u0131m. Buna vesile oldu\u011fum i\u00e7in herkesten dini duygular\u0131n\u0131n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hisseden herkesten \u00f6z\u00fcr dileyen bir video \u00e7ekip twitter hesab\u0131na sabitledim. Benim yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m payla\u015f\u0131mlarda herhangi bir su\u00e7 kast\u0131m yoktu. Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m payla\u015f\u0131mlar ele\u015ftiri s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisindedir. \u00dczerime at\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7lamay\u0131 kabul etmiyorum. 28 \u015eubat s\u00fcrecinde de dindarlara yap\u0131lan uygulamalar\u0131 da sonuna kadar ele\u015ftirmi\u015f bir gazeteceyim.” \u015feklinde beyanda bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
12. Bodrum Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 3\/4\/2020 tarihinde ba\u015fvurucuyu halk\u0131 kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa alenen tahrik su\u00e7undan tutuklanmas\u0131 istemiyle sulh ceza h\u00e2kimli\u011fine sevk etmi\u015ftir. Tutuklamaya sevk yaz\u0131s\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucunun Facebook ve Twitter hesaplar\u0131ndanyapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu “Alkol art\u0131k haram de\u011fil, size helal k\u0131ld\u0131k, Corona suresi” ve “\u0130BAN suresi ayet 1, ey \u0130BAN edenler, biz size ayr\u0131 bankalarda \u0130BAN numaralar\u0131 verdik ki, \u0130BAN edesiniz diye, hi\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesiz ki ahiret g\u00fcn\u00fcnde \u0130BAN edenle \u0130BAN etmeyenler ayr\u0131lacakt\u0131r.” \u015feklindeki payla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n halk\u0131 kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa alenen tahrik su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu, at\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7un i\u015flendi\u011fine dair kuvvetli su\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren olgular\u0131n ve tutuklama nedeninin bulundu\u011fu belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
13. Ba\u015fvurucu 3\/4\/2020 tarihinde Bodrum Sulh Ceza H\u00e2kimli\u011finin huzuruna \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015fvurucu sorgusunda bu \u015fekilde payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131na photoshop yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ka\u00e7ma durumunun bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131 incelenmesi i\u00e7in teslim etti\u011fini, delilleri karartma \u015f\u00fcphesinin de olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, tutuksuz yarg\u0131lanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirtmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
14. Sorgusunun ard\u0131ndan ba\u015fvurucunun halk\u0131 kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa alenen tahrik etme su\u00e7undan tutuklanmas\u0131na karar verilmi\u015ftir. Karar\u0131n gerek\u00e7esinin ilgili k\u0131sm\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
“\u015e\u00fcphelinin beyanlar\u0131, sosyal medya ara\u015ft\u0131rma tutana\u011f\u0131, video \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleme tutana\u011f\u0131, ilgili kolluk tutanaklar\u0131 ve t\u00fcm soru\u015fturma dosyas\u0131 birlikte de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde \u015f\u00fcphelinin \u00fczerine at\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7u i\u015fledi\u011fi hususunda kuvvetli su\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir somut delillerin bulundu\u011fu, delillerin tam olarak toplanmam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu, at\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7 i\u00e7in yasada \u00f6n g\u00f6r\u00fclen ceza alt ve \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 da dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u015f\u00fcphelinin ka\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131 yahut saklanaca\u011f\u0131 hususunda kuvvetli \u015f\u00fcphenin olu\u015ftu\u011fu, soru\u015fturman\u0131n bu a\u015famas\u0131nda adli kontrol h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n yetersiz kalaca\u011f\u0131, tutuklama tedbirinin i\u015fin \u00f6nemi ve verilmesi beklenen ceza ile daha orant\u0131l\u0131 ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc olaca\u011f\u0131 kanaatine var\u0131lmakla \u015f\u00fcphelinin CMK’nin 100 maddesi gere\u011fince tutuklanmas\u0131na … [karar verildi.]” <\/p>\n
15. Bodrum Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n 6\/4\/2020 tarihli iddianamesiyle ba\u015fvurucunun halk\u0131 kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa alenen tahrik etme, halk\u0131n bir kesiminin benimsedi\u011fi din\u00ee de\u011ferleri alenen a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lama su\u00e7lar\u0131ndan cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 istemiyle hakk\u0131nda kamu davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130ddianamede su\u00e7lamaya esas al\u0131nan olgular ve de\u011ferlendirmeler \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
“\u015e\u00fcphelinin sosyal medya hesaplar\u0131 \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan incelemede; 1\/4\/2020 tarihinde Diyanet’ten Yard\u0131m\u0131 belediyeye yapmay\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 haberi ‘Ondan sonra iman m\u0131 \u0130BAN m\u0131 diye gar\u0130BAN imanl\u0131lar\u0131 tahrik eden manyaklar \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. G\u00f6r\u00fcyorsunuz b\u00fct\u00fcn olay \u0130BAN’ ibaresiyle payla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131,<\/p>\n
1\/4\/2020 tarihinde ‘\u0130\u015fid kafal\u0131 \u0130slamc\u0131 yobazlar, siyasal islamc\u0131lar, iman numaras\u0131yla \u0130BANa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan din s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcleri, \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131lar, fa\u015fistler, ulusalc\u0131 ge\u00e7inip ne olduklar\u0131n\u0131 kendileri de bilmeyeler, Gard\u0131rop Atat\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcler ve Gard\u0131rop M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar L\u00fctfen kanal\u0131ma abone olmay\u0131n’ \u015feklinde payla\u015f\u0131mda bulundu\u011funun tespit edildi\u011fi,<\/p>\n
1\/4\/2020 tarihinde ‘\u0130BANl\u0131-\u0130manl\u0131 Ayr\u0131m\u0131: Gard\u0131rop Atat\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn yerini alan Gard\u0131rop M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n geldi\u011fi son nokta’ ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7eri\u011finde ‘Bak\u0131n bu \u0130BAN i\u015fi \u00f6nemli bak\u0131n devlet \u0130BAN topluyor diye kavga \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 Diyanet belediyeye verilen caiz de\u011fildir diye Diyanet i\u015fleri ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klama yap\u0131yor, Ulusal olarak en b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne vereceksin \u00f6b\u00fcr\u00fc caiz de\u011fil, Hangi iman ya, iman demek ki \u00f6nemli de\u011fil, ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki Atat\u00fcrk Gard\u0131rop\u00e7ulu\u011fu gibi \u015fimdi de Gard\u0131rop m\u00fcsl\u00fcman da var. Herkes \u0130BANa bak\u0131yor. \u00c7ok dindar\u0131m mindar\u0131m deyip ihaleye g\u00f6t\u00fcreyim camiye gideyim g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fte i\u015fte t\u00fcrban\u0131 m\u0131 takay\u0131m takkemi takay\u0131m g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fte bilmem ne yapay\u0131m. Ama arka planda da \u0130BAN, iman yok \u0130BAN’ \u015feklinde islami de\u011ferleri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131layan ibarelerin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 videoyu payla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, 29\/3\/2020 tarihinde ‘Corona suresi de \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f: Alkol art\u0131k haram de\u011fil size helal k\u0131ld\u0131k Corona Suresi’ \u015feklinde payla\u015f\u0131mda bulundu\u011funun tespit edildi\u011fi,<\/p>\n
\u015e\u00fcphelinin al\u0131nan ifadesinde s\u00f6z konusu sosyal medya hesaplar\u0131n\u0131n kendisine ait oldu\u011funu, 1\/4\/2020 tarihli payla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n kendisine ait oldu\u011funu, s\u00f6z konusu payla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 mevcut durumu ele\u015ftirmek kast\u0131yla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, hakaret ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lama kast\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, 29\/3\/2020 tarihli payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ise yap\u0131p yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 beyan etti\u011fi,<\/p>\n
Y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen soru\u015fturma neticesinde \u015f\u00fcphelinin 1\/4\/2020 tarihinde Diyanet’ten Yard\u0131m\u0131 belediyeye yapmay\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 haberi ‘Ondan sonra iman m\u0131 \u0130BAN m\u0131 diye gariban imanl\u0131lar\u0131 tahrik eden manyaklar \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. G\u00f6r\u00fcyorsunuz b\u00fct\u00fcn olay \u0130BAN’ ve 1\/4\/2020 tarihinde ‘\u0130\u015fid kafal\u0131 \u0130slamc\u0131 yobazlar, siyasal islamc\u0131lar, iman numaras\u0131yla \u0130BANa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan din s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcleri, \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131lar, fa\u015fistler, ulusalc\u0131 ge\u00e7inip ne olduklar\u0131n\u0131 kendileri de bilmeyeler, Gard\u0131rop Atat\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcler ve Gard\u0131rop M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar L\u00fctfen kanal\u0131ma abone olmay\u0131n’ \u015feklinde payla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 ile halk\u0131n sosyal s\u0131n\u0131f, \u0131rk ve b\u00f6lge bak\u0131m\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 \u00f6zelliklere sahip bir kesimini, di\u011fer bir kesimi aleyhine kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa alenen tahrik etti\u011fi, \u015f\u00fcphelinin herkese a\u00e7\u0131k payla\u015f\u0131m ve yorumlar\u0131yla toplumu b\u00f6lmeye, d\u00fcnya genelinde ba\u015f g\u00f6steren salg\u0131n nedeniyle T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Devleti taraf\u0131ndan ba\u011f\u0131\u015f kampanyas\u0131 \u00fczerinden kampanyaya destek veren ve vermeyen ayr\u0131m\u0131 yapmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve birini \u00f6b\u00fcr\u00fc aleyhine tahrik etmeye kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya getirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, b\u00f6lmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 toplum kesimlerini tahrik ve tel’inle birbirine d\u00fc\u015fman yapmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtt\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u015f\u00fcphelinin bu payla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 herkese a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 vebir\u00e7ok ki\u015finin de bu payla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 be\u011fendi\u011fi, bu suretle aleniyet unsurunun ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi, bu tahriklerin, zamanlamas\u0131, yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7evre taraf\u0131ndan pek \u00e7ok be\u011feni ile desteklenmesi, \u00fcslubu ve i\u00e7erik yo\u011funlu\u011fu itibariyle kamu g\u00fcvenli\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131k ve yak\u0131n bir tehlikeyi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kamu g\u00fcvenli\u011fini ve d\u00fczenini bozacak mahiyette oldu\u011fu, \u015f\u00fcphelinin s\u00f6z konusu payla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 ile \u00fczerine at\u0131l\u0131 TCK 216\/1 maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen su\u00e7u i\u015fledi\u011fi, yine \u015f\u00fcphelinin 29\/3\/2020 tarihinde ‘Corona suresi de \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f Alkol art\u0131k haram de\u011fil size helal k\u0131ld\u0131k Corona Suresi’ \u015feklindeki payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ve 1\/4\/2020 tarihi video i\u00e7eri\u011findeki ifadeleri ile halk\u0131n bir kesiminin benimsedi\u011fi dini de\u011ferleri alenen a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu suretle \u00fczerine at\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7u i\u015fledi\u011fi, \u015f\u00fcphelinin birden fazla payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 nedeniyle zincirleme su\u00e7 h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin de uygulanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi t\u00fcm dosya kapsam\u0131ndan anla\u015f\u0131lmakla … yukar\u0131da yaz\u0131l\u0131 sevk maddeleri gere\u011fince cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na … karar verilmesi kamu ad\u0131na iddia ve talep olunur.”<\/p>\n
16. Bodrum 3. Asliye Ceza Mahkemesi (Mahkeme) 7\/4\/2020 tarihinde iddianamenin kabul\u00fcne karar vermi\u015f ve E.2020\/222 say\u0131l\u0131 dosya \u00fczerinden kovu\u015fturma ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mahkeme ayn\u0131 tarihte ba\u015fvurucunun tutukluluk h\u00e2linin devam\u0131na da karar vermi\u015ftir. Karar\u0131n gerek\u00e7esi \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
“San\u0131k Hakan Ayg\u00fcn’n\u00fcn \u00fczerine at\u0131l\u0131 halk\u0131n bir kesiminin benimsedi\u011fi dini de\u011ferleri alenen a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lama, halk\u0131 kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa alenen tahrik etme su\u00e7unun vas\u0131f ve mahiyeti, mevcut delil durumu, at\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7un i\u015flendi\u011fine dair kuvvetli su\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren olgular\u0131n bulunmas\u0131 yasada yaz\u0131l\u0131 olan san\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00fczerine at\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7un cezas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ka\u00e7ma \u015f\u00fcphesinin bulunmas\u0131 ve bu haliyle adli kontrol h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin de yetersiz kalaca\u011f\u0131 ve yine at\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7un \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda tutuklama tedbirinin orant\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011fu sonucuna var\u0131lmakla san\u0131\u011f\u0131n tutukluluk halinin devam\u0131na … [karar verildi.]”<\/p>\n
17. Ba\u015fvurucu bu karara itiraz etmi\u015ftir. Bodrum A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Mahkemesi 15\/4\/2020 tarihinde tutuklulu\u011fun devam\u0131 karar\u0131nda usul ve yasaya ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle itiraz\u0131n reddine karar vermi\u015ftir. Bu karar 16\/4\/2020 tarihinde ba\u015fvurucuya tebli\u011f edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
18. Ba\u015fvurucu 22\/4\/2020 tarihinde bireysel ba\u015fvuruda bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
19. Ba\u015fvurucu 6\/5\/2020 tarihli ilk duru\u015fmada “Twitter hesab\u0131mdaki tweetlerin alt\u0131na 31\/3\/2020 g\u00fcn\u00fc \u0130BAN ayetli bir payla\u015f\u0131m photoshop yoluyla de\u011fi\u015ftirilerek sanki ben atm\u0131\u015f\u0131m gibi g\u00f6nderilmeye ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, kamuoyunda tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan s\u00f6z konusu tweeti ben atmam\u0131\u015f olmama ra\u011fmen sanki benim taraf\u0131mdan payla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f gibi g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir, Beyaz TV isimli kanalda aleyhime yay\u0131n yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, yay\u0131ndan sonra daha da yay\u0131lan bu durum bana kar\u015f\u0131 bir lin\u00e7e d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr, bu yay\u0131ndan sonra Twitter ve Facebook \u00fczerinden \u00f6l\u00fcm tehditlerine varan tehditler ve bir\u00e7ok k\u00fcf\u00fcre maruz kald\u0131m ve sonras\u0131nda da tweetin bana ait olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayan bir video yay\u0131nlad\u0131m, 1\/4\/2020 tarihinde medyada \u00e7\u0131kan haberler \u00fczerine ifademe ba\u015fvurulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tahmin ederek teknemde bekledim, 1\/4\/2020 g\u00fcn\u00fc halk\u0131 galeyana getirecek \u015fekilde yay\u0131n yapan Beyaz TV’ye ve sosyal medya trollerine cevap ama\u00e7l\u0131 tweetler payla\u015ft\u0131m, esasen iddianameye konu olan tweetler de bunlard\u0131r, s\u00f6z konusu tweetler sahte tweetlerle beni su\u00e7layanlara cevap niteli\u011findedir, Twitter payla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131m incelendi\u011finde dini inan\u00e7lara sayg\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011fum anla\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r, payla\u015f\u0131mlar tamamen siyasidir, siyasi bir tart\u0131\u015fmada mualif tarafa yak\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamalar yapt\u0131m, \u015fahsi kanaat ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerimi a\u00e7\u0131klamak anayasal hakk\u0131md\u0131r, \u015fu an din s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fc ile su\u00e7lan\u0131yor olmam da abestir … Apple ID’im kullan\u0131larak bilgisayar\u0131ma yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131 adreslerden girildi\u011fine dair bildirimler ald\u0131m, \u015fifrelerimi d\u00fczenli olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirsem de bilgisayar\u0131ma girilmi\u015f olmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 ku\u015fkum vard\u0131r, i\u00e7inde corona s\u00fcresi ge\u00e7en Facebook payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 yap\u0131p yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 hat\u0131rlam\u0131yorum, internette dola\u015fan corona isimli biradan kaynakl\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir espridir, dini a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lama ve kamu bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 bozma unsurunu i\u00e7ermez … Beyaz TV’de O.G.nin yay\u0131n\u0131 sonras\u0131 taraf\u0131ma y\u00f6neltilen su\u00e7malara kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k olarak s\u00f6z konusu tweetleri att\u0131m, siyasi alanda olan iktidar ve muhalefet aras\u0131ndaki tart\u0131\u015fmaya Diyanet \u0130\u015fleri Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 dahil olmu\u015ftur, laik bir devlette Diyanet i\u015fleri ba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n bu tart\u0131\u015fmaya girmemesi gerekir zira herkes gibi Diyanet \u0130\u015fleri ba\u015fkan\u0131 da ele\u015ftirilebilir, iddianamede bahsi ge\u00e7en ikinci tweet de demokratik bulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir k\u0131s\u0131m kesimlerin beni Twitter’da takip etmemesini istedim, burada bir tahrik s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir, bu ki\u015filerin beni takip etmemesini istemem de de hi\u00e7bir engel yoktur, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc tweet ise bir kesimi de\u011fil birbiriyle kavgal\u0131 iki z\u0131t kesimi ele\u015ftirdim bunlar benim tarafs\u0131z siyasi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ve kanaatlerimdir, \u00f6zg\u00fcr d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme ve ifade etme hakk\u0131m\u0131 kulland\u0131m, Facebook’ta yap\u0131lan payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ise hat\u0131rlam\u0131yorum, apple ID’im kullan\u0131larak yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131 kaynakl\u0131 bilgisayar\u0131ma giri\u015f yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, bilgisayar\u0131ma uzaktan m\u00fcdahale edilmi\u015f olabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum, apple’dan da buna dair uyar\u0131lar ald\u0131m, buna dair mail de g\u00f6nderilmi\u015ftir, su\u00e7lamalar\u0131 kesinlikle kabul etmiyorum.” \u015feklinde savunma yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
20. Mahkeme duru\u015fma sonunda ba\u015fvurucunun tahliyesine karar vermi\u015ftir. Karar\u0131n gerek\u00e7esi \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
“San\u0131k Hakan Ayg\u00fcn’\u00fcn \u00fczerine at\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ifadesinin al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 dosya kapsam\u0131ndaki delil durumu g\u00f6zetildi\u011finde san\u0131\u011f\u0131n delilleri karartma ihtimalinin bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fclmesi, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n tutuklulukta ge\u00e7irmi\u015f oldu\u011fu s\u00fcre ve ka\u00e7ma ihtimalinin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesi nazara al\u0131narak bu a\u015famada tutukluluk halinin devam\u0131 karar\u0131n\u0131n orant\u0131l\u0131 olmayaca\u011f\u0131na kanaat getirilerek CMK’nun 100 ve devam\u0131 maddeleri gere\u011fince san\u0131\u011f\u0131n tahliyesine … [karar verildi.]”<\/p>\n
21. Bodrum Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, ba\u015fvurucunun kullanmakta oldu\u011funu beyan etti\u011fi sosyal medya hesab\u0131 \u00fczerinden yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 “\u0130BAN suresi ayet 1 Ey \u0130BAN edenler… Biz size ayr\u0131 bankalardan \u0130BAN numaralar\u0131 verdik ki \u0130BAN edesiniz diye, hi\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesiz ki ahiret g\u00fcn\u00fcnde \u0130BAN edenle etmeyenler ayr\u0131lacakt\u0131r!” \u015feklindeki payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 nedeniyle halk\u0131n bir kesiminin benimsedi\u011fi din\u00ee de\u011ferleri alenen a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lama su\u00e7undan cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 istemiyle 6\/5\/2020 tarihinde hakk\u0131nda bir iddianame daha d\u00fczenlemi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131k bu davan\u0131n E.2020\/222 say\u0131l\u0131 dava ile birle\u015ftirilmesini talep etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
22. Mahkeme 15\/5\/2020 tarihinde bu iddianamenin kabul\u00fcne karar vermi\u015f ve E.2020\/232 say\u0131l\u0131 dosya \u00fczerinden kovu\u015fturma ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mahkeme ayn\u0131 tarihte her iki davan\u0131n birle\u015ftirilmesine ve yarg\u0131laman\u0131n E.2020\/222 say\u0131l\u0131 dosya \u00fczerinden y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesine karar vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
23. Dava bireysel ba\u015fvurunun incelendi\u011fi tarih itibar\u0131yla ilk derece mahkemesinde derdesttir.<\/p>\n
IV. \u0130LG\u0130L\u0130 HUKUK<\/p>\n
A. Kanun Metinleri<\/p>\n
24. 4\/12\/2004 tarihli ve 5271 say\u0131l\u0131 Ceza Muhakemesi Kanunu’nun “Tutuklama nedenleri” kenar ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 100. maddesinin ilgili k\u0131sm\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
“(1) Kuvvetli su\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren somut delillerin ve bir tutuklama nedeninin bulunmas\u0131 halinde, \u015f\u00fcpheli veya san\u0131k hakk\u0131nda tutuklama karar\u0131 verilebilir. \u0130\u015fin \u00f6nemi, verilmesi beklenen ceza veya g\u00fcvenlik tedbiri ile \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc olmamas\u0131 halinde, tutuklama karar\u0131 verilemez.<\/p>\n
\u00a0(2) A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki hallerde bir tutuklama nedeni var say\u0131labilir:<\/p>\n
a) \u015e\u00fcpheli veya san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ka\u00e7mas\u0131, saklanmas\u0131 veya ka\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131 \u015f\u00fcphesini uyand\u0131ran somut olgular varsa.<\/p>\n
b) \u015e\u00fcpheli veya san\u0131\u011f\u0131n davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131;<\/p>\n
1. Delilleri yok etme, gizleme veya de\u011fi\u015ftirme,<\/p>\n
2. Tan\u0131k, ma\u011fdur veya ba\u015fkalar\u0131 \u00fczerinde bask\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131 giri\u015fiminde bulunma,<\/p>\n
Hususlar\u0131nda kuvvetli \u015f\u00fcphe olu\u015fturuyorsa.<\/p>\n
…<\/p>\n
\u00a0(4) Sadece adl\u00ee para cezas\u0131n\u0131 gerektiren su\u00e7larda veya v\u00fccut dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 kasten i\u015flenenler hari\u00e7 olmak \u00fczere hapis cezas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 iki y\u0131ldan fazla olmayan su\u00e7larda tutuklama karar\u0131 verilemez.”<\/p>\n
25. 5271 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un “Tutuklama karar\u0131” kenar ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 101. maddesinin (1) ve (2) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kralar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
“Soru\u015fturma evresinde \u015f\u00fcphelinin tutuklanmas\u0131na Cumhuriyet savc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n istemi \u00fczerine sulh ceza h\u00e2kimi taraf\u0131ndan, kovu\u015fturma evresinde san\u0131\u011f\u0131n tutuklanmas\u0131na Cumhuriyet savc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n istemi \u00fczerine veya re’sen mahkemece karar verilir. Bu istemlerde mutlaka gerek\u00e7e g\u00f6sterilir ve adl\u00ee kontrol uygulamas\u0131n\u0131n yetersiz kalaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten hukuk\u00ee ve fiil\u00ee nedenlere yer verilir.<\/p>\n
Tutuklamaya, tutuklaman\u0131n devam\u0131na veya bu husustaki bir tahliye isteminin reddine ili\u015fkin kararlarda;<\/p>\n
a) Kuvvetli su\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesini,<\/p>\n
b) Tutuklama nedenlerinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131,<\/p>\n
c) Tutuklama tedbirinin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc oldu\u011funu,<\/p>\n
g\u00f6steren deliller somut olgularla gerek\u00e7elendirilerek a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6sterilir. Karar\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fi \u015f\u00fcpheli veya san\u0131\u011fa s\u00f6zl\u00fc olarak bildirilir, ayr\u0131ca bir \u00f6rne\u011fi yaz\u0131lmak suretiyle kendilerine verilir ve bu husus kararda belirtilir.”<\/p>\n
26. 26\/9\/2004 tarihli ve 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu’nun “Halk\u0131 kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa tahrik veya a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lama” kenar ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 216. maddesi \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
“(1) Halk\u0131n sosyal s\u0131n\u0131f, \u0131rk, din, mezhep veya b\u00f6lge bak\u0131m\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 \u00f6zelliklere sahip bir kesimini, di\u011fer bir kesimi aleyhine kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa alenen tahrik eden kimse, bu nedenle kamu g\u00fcvenli\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131k ve yak\u0131n bir tehlikenin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 halinde, bir y\u0131ldan \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131la kadar hapis cezas\u0131 ile cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00a0(2) Halk\u0131n bir kesimini, sosyal s\u0131n\u0131f, \u0131rk, din, mezhep, cinsiyet veya b\u00f6lge farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na dayanarak alenen a\u015fa\u011f\u0131layan ki\u015fi, alt\u0131 aydan bir y\u0131la kadar hapis cezas\u0131 ile cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00a0(3) Halk\u0131n bir kesiminin benimsedi\u011fi dini de\u011ferleri alenen a\u015fa\u011f\u0131layan ki\u015fi, fiilin kamu bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 bozmaya elveri\u015fli olmas\u0131 halinde, alt\u0131 aydan bir y\u0131la kadar hapis cezas\u0131 ile cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. “<\/p>\n
B. Yarg\u0131tay Kararlar\u0131<\/p>\n
27. Yarg\u0131tay 8. Ceza Dairesinin 29\/2\/2012 tarihli ve E.2010\/7607, K.2012\/6296 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
” San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, baz\u0131 resmi kurumlar\u0131n yapm\u0131\u015f olduklar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamalar ve uygulamalar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik ele\u015ftiri mahiyetindeki ‘Bas\u0131na ve Kamuoyuna’ ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6zetildi\u011finde, ge\u00e7mi\u015f olaylara ve gelecekte ya\u015fanabileceklere y\u00f6nelik g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 niteli\u011finde bulundu\u011fu, konu\u015fma sonras\u0131nda herhangi bir olay ya\u015fanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi yak\u0131n bir tehlikenin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan da s\u00f6z edilemeyece\u011fi, A\u0130HS’nin 10. maddesi ve A\u0130HM’nin yerle\u015fik i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131 birlikte de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde san\u0131\u011f\u0131n eyleminin \u015fiddet i\u00e7ermeyip, ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde kald\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan at\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7un unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zetilmeden beraati yerine yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde mahkumiyetine karar verilmesi yasaya ayk\u0131r\u0131 olup …”<\/p>\n
28. Yarg\u0131tay 8. Ceza Dairesinin 20\/6\/2012 tarihli ve E.2010\/6293, K.2012\/21247 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131n\u0131n ilgili k\u0131sm\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
“Su\u00e7 tarihinde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte bulunan 765 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK.nun 312. maddesinde ..’kamu d\u00fczeni i\u00e7in tehlikeli olabilecek bir \u015fekilde d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa ve kin beslemeye alenen tahrik’ aranmakta iken, su\u00e7 tarihinden sonra y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK.nun 216\/1. maddesi ise ‘… tahrik eden kimse, bu nedenle …. a\u00e7\u0131k ve yak\u0131n tehlikenin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 halinde …. cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r’ \u015feklinde d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. 765 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasan\u0131n 312. maddesinde fiilin su\u00e7 olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in sadece san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan s\u00f6ylenmesi ve yaz\u0131lmas\u0131 yeterli g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc halde, 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK.nda belirtilen hususlar yeterli g\u00f6r\u00fclmeyip ‘… bu nedenle a\u00e7\u0131k ve yak\u0131n bir tehlikenin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131’ unsuru aran\u0131r hale gelmi\u015ftir. Ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen fiilin d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyada meydana getirdi\u011fi etki ve tepki g\u00f6zetilmekte, a\u00e7\u0131k ve yak\u0131n tehlikenin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 ‘halinde’ fiil su\u00e7 say\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Yasan\u0131n gerek\u00e7esinde a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtildi\u011fi gibi buradaki tehlikenin somut tehlike oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcnde bir ku\u015fku bulunmamaktad\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu su\u00e7un olu\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kamu g\u00fcvenli\u011finin bozulmas\u0131 tehlikesinin somut olgulara dayal\u0131 olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 gerekir. Her olayda, somut tehlikenin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 aranmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, Anayasan\u0131n 25, 26 ve 90’\u0131nc\u0131 maddeleri gere\u011fince i\u00e7 hukukumuzun bir par\u00e7as\u0131 say\u0131lan A\u0130HS. 9 ve 10’uncu maddeleriyle g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve ifade h\u00fcrriyetinin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n a\u015f\u0131l\u0131p a\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden de de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. T.C. Anayasas\u0131n\u0131n 26 ve \u0130HAS’nin 10. maddeleri, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce h\u00fcrriyetinin resmi makamlar\u0131n m\u00fcdahalesi olmadan haber veya bilgi almak veya vermek serbest- li\u011fini de kapsad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi haber alma, \u00f6\u011frenme \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6zel bir \u015fekilde \u00f6nemsendi\u011fini hat\u0131rlatmaktad\u0131r. Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Mahkemesi, 10. maddede garanti alt\u0131na al\u0131nan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi a\u00e7\u0131klama \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc vurgulayan bir \u00e7ok karar\u0131nda hemen hemen ortakbir ifade kullanarak bu \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn demokratik toplumun temel ta\u015flar\u0131ndan olup, ki\u015finin ilerleyip geli\u015fmesinin ko\u015fullar\u0131ndan birini te\u015fkil edece\u011fini ve bu \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn sadece zarars\u0131z say\u0131lan haber ya da fikirler bak\u0131m\u0131ndan de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda, devlet yahut halk\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in ayk\u0131r\u0131, kural d\u0131\u015f\u0131 veya endi\u015fe verici olanlar\u0131 da i\u00e7erebilece\u011fini, demokratik toplumun vazge\u00e7emeyece\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131k fikirlili\u011fin gere\u011fi oldu\u011funu kabul etmi\u015ftir. Somut olayda davaya konu k\u00f6\u015fe yaz\u0131lar\u0131 bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak ele al\u0131n\u0131p de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde, \u015fiddet i\u00e7ermedi\u011fi, bu yaz\u0131lar nedeniyle toplumda hi\u00e7bir tepki meydana gelmedi\u011fi, a\u00e7\u0131k ve yak\u0131n bir tehlikenin mevcut olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu nedenlerle de ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kapsam\u0131nda olup 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK.nun 216. maddesindeki tan\u0131mlanan su\u00e7un unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve san\u0131\u011f\u0131n beraatine karar verilmesi gerekti\u011fi g\u00f6zetilmeden, yaz\u0131l\u0131 bi\u00e7imde mahkumiyetine karar verilmesi, yasaya ayk\u0131r\u0131, san\u0131k m\u00fcdafiinin temyiz itirazlar\u0131 bu itibarla yerinde g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f oldu\u011fundan h\u00fckm\u00fcn bu sebepten dolay\u0131 5320 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasan\u0131n 8\/1. maddesi uyar\u0131nca uygulanmas\u0131 gereken 1412 say\u0131l\u0131 CMUK.nun 321. maddesi gere\u011fince bozulmas\u0131na … karar verildi.”<\/p>\n
29. Yarg\u0131tay 18. Ceza Dairesi8\/1\/2019 tarihli ve E.2018\/3616, K.2019\/598 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda halk\u0131 kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa tahrik su\u00e7u ile ilgili ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmelerde bulunmu\u015ftur. Bu karardaki tespitler \u00f6zetle \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
i. Kamu d\u00fczenini, toplum bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 himaye eden, esas itibar\u0131yla nefret s\u00f6ylemini s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rmay\u0131 hedefleyen halk\u0131 kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa tahrik etmek su\u00e7u; halk\u0131, sosyal s\u0131n\u0131f, \u0131rk, din, mezhep veya b\u00f6lge farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na dayanarak birbirine kar\u015f\u0131 kamu d\u00fczeni i\u00e7in tehlikeli olabilecek \u015fekilde d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa veya kin beslemeye alenen tahrik edilmesini cezaland\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
ii. Objektif ve tarafs\u0131zl\u0131ktan uzak, incitici, sayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 zedeleyici, rahats\u0131z edici fakat \u015fiddet i\u00e7ermeyen ve \u015fiddet k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunmayan, yak\u0131n tehlikeye neden olmayan beyanlar bu su\u00e7un konusunu olu\u015fturmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
iii. Ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen fiilin d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyada meydana getirdi\u011fi etki ve tepki g\u00f6zetilmeli, a\u00e7\u0131k ve yak\u0131n tehlikenin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde fiil su\u00e7 say\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Kanunun gerek\u00e7esinde a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtildi\u011fi gibi buradaki tehlike somut tehlikedir. Su\u00e7un olu\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kamu g\u00fcvenli\u011finin bozulmas\u0131 tehlikesinin somut olgulara dayal\u0131 olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 gerekir. Tehlikenin soyut olmay\u0131p somut ve yak\u0131n tehlike oldu\u011fu, kitlelerdeki etkile\u015fim ve hareketler izlenerek de\u011ferlendirmeye tabi tutulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
iv. Su\u00e7u olu\u015fturan fiil -soyut sayg\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131k ve reddin \u00f6tesinde- halk\u0131n bir kesimine kar\u015f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fmanca tav\u0131r g\u00f6sterilmesine yol a\u00e7maya veya bu t\u00fcr tav\u0131rlar\u0131 peki\u015ftirmeye elveri\u015fli olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu kapsamda salt y\u00fcz \u00e7evirme, soyut bir ret veya sayg\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131k ifade eden bir davran\u0131\u015fta bulunma ya da bu y\u00f6nde s\u00f6zler sarf etme su\u00e7un ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan yeterli de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n
v. Fiilin su\u00e7 te\u015fkil etmesi i\u00e7in bunlar\u0131n \u00f6tesinde a\u011f\u0131r ve yo\u011fun bir tarzda kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa tahrikin var olmas\u0131 gerekir. Di\u011fer bir tabirle etkili bir \u015fiddet \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 ya da nefret s\u00f6ylemi bulunmal\u0131d\u0131r. Failin fiili, adet ve \u015fah\u0131s olarak muayyen olmayan toplum kesimi \u00fczerinde kin ve nefret duygular\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fumuna veya mevcut duygular\u0131n peki\u015fmesine etkide bulunmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
vi. Kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131k; husumet beslenen konuya kar\u015f\u0131 tasarlayarak zarar vermeye, \u00f6\u00e7 almay\u0131 gerektirecek \u015fiddette nefret duymaya y\u00f6nelik hareketlerin zeminini olu\u015fturan psikolojik bir h\u00e2l olarak a\u00e7\u0131klanabilir. Kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131k ibaresinin anlam\u0131 da dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sadece \u015fiddet i\u00e7eren ya da \u015fiddet tavsiye eden tahrikler madde kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilebilecektir.<\/p>\n
vii. Su\u00e7un konusunu olu\u015fturan k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtman\u0131n sosyal s\u0131n\u0131f, \u0131rk, din, mezhep veya b\u00f6lge farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131ndan en az birine dayan\u0131larak ve bu kesimleri kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya getirmek amac\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n
viii. Yasal s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131l\u0131kla belirlenen farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 tahrike y\u00f6nelmeyen, \u015fiddet \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 ve nefret s\u00f6ylemi i\u00e7ermeyen, somut ve yak\u0131n tehlike d\u00fczeyine de ula\u015fmam\u0131\u015f k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmalar\u0131n su\u00e7a konu edilmesi su\u00e7un kanunili\u011fi ilkesiyle ba\u011fda\u015fmaz.<\/p>\n
C. Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Mahkemesi Kararlar\u0131 <\/p>\n
30. Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Mahkemesinin (A\u0130HM) ba\u015fvuruya konu su\u00e7un 1\/3\/1926 tarihli ve 765 say\u0131l\u0131 m\u00fclga T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu’ndaki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan 312. maddeden verilen mahk\u00fbmiyet kararlar\u0131yla ilgili bir\u00e7ok ihlal karar\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu kapsamda Yarar\/T\u00fcrkiye (B. No: 57258\/00, 19\/12\/2006) karar\u0131n\u0131n ilgili k\u0131sm\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
“42. A\u0130HM, \u2013olaylar\u0131n oldu\u011fu s\u0131rada M\u00dcS\u0130AD ba\u015fkan\u0131 olmas\u0131 nedeniyle halk\u0131n tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ki\u015fi olan ba\u015fvurucunun, M\u00dcS\u0130AD toplant\u0131s\u0131nda yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu ve Devlet G\u00fcvenlik Mahkemesi taraf\u0131ndan s\u0131n\u0131f ve din ayr\u0131m\u0131na dayanarak nefret ve te\u015fvik olu\u015fturdu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen bir konu\u015fma nedeniyle h\u00fck\u00fcm giydi\u011fini belirtmektedir. Yerel mahkeme bu sonuca var\u0131rken, \u00f6zellikle takibat taraf\u0131ndan alt\u0131 \u00e7izilen b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri ileri s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
43. A\u0130HM, s\u00f6z konusu konu\u015fmay\u0131 H\u00fcrriyet\u2019te yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fekliyle incelemi\u015ftir. Kovu\u015fturma taraf\u0131ndan alt\u0131 \u00e7izilen a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki c\u00fcmleleri dikkate alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: ‘Bu, millet\u00e7e de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131z gereken bir kafad\u0131r. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu gayretleri sarf ettikten sonra adam olmazsa kopar\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken bir kafad\u0131r’, ‘Bu konuyu T\u00fcrkiye’nin g\u00fcndemine getirenler m\u00fcmin olamaz’ ve ‘S\u00fcnnet d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc bile dini bir faaliyet diye cezaland\u0131rmak bir s\u00fcnnetsizin i\u015fi olsa gerek’. Konu\u015fmadan al\u0131nan bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerin tek ba\u015flar\u0131na okundu\u011funda, dinsel ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcs\u00fczl\u00fc\u011fe dayanan \u015fiddete \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131 veya nefrete te\u015fvik olarak yorumlanabilece\u011fi do\u011frudur. Ancak, A\u0130HM\u2019ye g\u00f6re, yerel mahkemeler, herhangi bir okumada nefret veya \u015fiddete te\u015fvik olarak alg\u0131lanamayabilecek olan bu s\u00f6zleri, bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak konu\u015fma ba\u011flam\u0131 i\u00e7inde de\u011ferlendirmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
…<\/p>\n
45. A\u0130HM son olarak, ba\u015fvurucuya verilen cezan\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n ertelenmi\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, ba\u015fvurucunun a\u011f\u0131r bir ceza ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmektedir.<\/p>\n
46. A\u0130HM, buna kar\u015f\u0131 olarak, Ankara Devlet G\u00fcvenlik Mahkemesi\u2019nin ba\u015fvurucuyu su\u00e7lu bulmak ve cezaland\u0131rmak i\u00e7in g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi gerek\u00e7elerin, ilintili olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, ba\u015fvurucunun ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc hakk\u0131na m\u00fcdahaleyi hakl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in yeterli g\u00f6r\u00fclemeyece\u011fi kan\u0131s\u0131ndad\u0131r.”<\/p>\n
31. A\u0130HM’in Dicle\/T\u00fcrkiye (B. No: 34685\/97,10\/11\/2004) karar\u0131n\u0131n ilgili k\u0131sm\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
“17. Bu ba\u011flamda, Devlet G\u00fcvenlik Mahkemesi\u2019nin s\u00f6z konusu makalenin insanlar\u0131 nefret ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa sevk edecek s\u00f6zler i\u00e7erdi\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki karar\u0131n\u0131n aksine A\u0130HM, makalenin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin K\u00fcrt sorunu hakk\u0131ndaki politikalar\u0131 konusunda ele\u015ftirel bir de\u011ferlendirmeden ibaret oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedir. A\u0130HM, Devlet G\u00fcvenlik Mahkemesi karar\u0131n\u0131n gerek\u00e7elerini incelemi\u015f ancak bunlar\u0131 ba\u015fvurucunun ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc hakk\u0131na getirilen k\u0131s\u0131tlamay\u0131 mazur g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in yeterli bulmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mahkeme, baz\u0131 \u00f6zellikle a\u011f\u0131r dille yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f paragraflar\u0131n T\u00fcrk Devleti\u2019ne ili\u015fkin \u00e7ok olumsuz bir resim \u00e7izmesine ve bu \u015fekilde makaleye d\u00fc\u015fmanca bir ton katmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u015fiddeti, silahl\u0131 direni\u015fi veya ayaklanmay\u0131 te\u015fvik etmedikleri ve bir nefret konu\u015fmas\u0131 te\u015fkil etmedikleri kanaatindedir. A\u0130HM\u2019nin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce al\u0131nan tedbirin gereklili\u011finin de\u011ferlendirilmesinde temel etken budur. \u00dcstelik Yeni Politika\u2019n\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu makaleyi i\u00e7eren 31 May\u0131s 1995 tarihli say\u0131s\u0131na da\u011f\u0131t\u0131mdan \u00f6nce, bas\u0131m evindeyken el konulmu\u015f ve bu \u015fekilde ba\u015fvurucunun g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini gazetenin okuyucular\u0131na iletmesi engellenmi\u015ftir. A\u0130HM ayn\u0131 zamanda m\u00fcdahalenin uygunlu\u011funu de\u011ferlendirirken verilen cezalar\u0131n niteli\u011fini ve a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne almaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n
18. Yukar\u0131daki hususlar \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda A\u0130HM ba\u015fvurucuya verilen cezan\u0131n g\u00fcd\u00fclen ama\u00e7 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bu nedenle ‘demokratik bir toplumda gerekli’ olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedir. Buna g\u00f6re S\u00f6zle\u015fme\u2019nin 10. maddesi ihlal edilmi\u015ftir.”<\/p>\n
32. A\u0130HM’in G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f ve di\u011ferleri\/T\u00fcrkiye (B. No: 40303\/98, 15\/03\/2005) karar\u0131n\u0131n ilgili k\u0131sm\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
“18. Bu ba\u011flamda, A\u0130HM, s\u00f6zkonusu bas\u0131n bildirisinin, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin K\u00fcrt sorununa ili\u015fkin politikalar\u0131na ve \u00f6zellikle 1992 y\u0131l\u0131nda polisin Cizre, Nusaybin ve \u015e\u0131rnak\u2019taki Nevruz kutlamalar\u0131na m\u00fcdahalesine dair ele\u015ftirel bir de\u011ferlendirme oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc belirtir. Ayr\u0131ca, Devlet G\u00fcvenlik Mahkemesi\u2019nin, hakk\u0131nda su\u00e7 duyurusunda bulunulan bas\u0131n bildirisinin belirli b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerini halk\u0131 kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa te\u015fvik eder nitelikte g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6zlemler. A\u0130HM, Devlet G\u00fcvenlik Mahkemesi\u2019nin karar\u0131ndaki gerek\u00e7eleri incelemi\u015ftir ve bunlar\u0131n ba\u015fvurucunun ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc hakk\u0131na yap\u0131lan m\u00fcdahaleyi hakl\u0131 k\u0131lmak i\u00e7in yeterli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kan\u0131s\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bildiride, a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a olumsuz oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclen baz\u0131 pasajlar\u0131n T\u00fcrk Devleti hakk\u0131nda a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 olumsuz bir tablo \u00e7izdi\u011fi ve bu \u015fekilde, anlat\u0131ma d\u00fc\u015fmanca bir ton verdi\u011fi ancak, bunlar\u0131n \u015fiddeti, silahl\u0131 direni\u015fi veya ayaklanmay\u0131 te\u015fvik etmedi\u011fi ve nefret i\u00e7eren bir konu\u015fma olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kan\u0131s\u0131ndad\u0131r. A\u0130HM\u2019ye g\u00f6re, tedbirin gereklili\u011finin de\u011ferlendirilmesinde, bu, temel fakt\u00f6rd\u00fcr. A\u0130HM, ayn\u0131 zamanda, m\u00fcdahalenin orant\u0131l\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 incelerken, verilen cezalar\u0131n niteli\u011fi ve a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da dikkate al\u0131r.<\/p>\n
19. Yukar\u0131daki de\u011ferlendirmeler \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde, A\u0130HM, ba\u015fvurucular\u0131n mahkumiyetinin, ama\u00e7lanan hedeflerle orant\u0131l\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, ‘demokratik bir toplumda gerekli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131’ sonucuna varm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, A\u0130HS\u2019nin 10. maddesi ihlal edilmi\u015ftir.”<\/p>\n
33. A\u0130HM’in Kutlular\/T\u00fcrkiye (B. No: 73715\/01, 29\/4\/2008) davas\u0131na konu olayda bir gazetenin imtiyaz sahibi olan ba\u015fvurucu, 17 A\u011fustos depremi sonras\u0131nda gazetenin eki olarak “\u0130lahi \u0130kaz Deprem” ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir bro\u015f\u00fcr da\u011f\u0131tm\u0131\u015f ve ayr\u0131ca bir bas\u0131n toplant\u0131s\u0131nda 28 \u015eubat s\u00fcreci ve deprem ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131na ili\u015fkin a\u00e7\u0131klamalarda bulunmu\u015ftur. Ba\u015fvurucu bu eylemleri nedeniyle 765 say\u0131l\u0131 m\u00fclga Kanun’un 312. maddesi anlam\u0131nda halk\u0131 din farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zeterek kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa tahrik etmekle su\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015fvurucu at\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7tan 2 y\u0131l 1 g\u00fcn hapis ve 352.000 TL para cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015fvurucu, karar\u0131n kesinle\u015fmesinin ard\u0131ndan ceza infaz kurumuna konulmu\u015ftur. Mahk\u00fbm edildi\u011fi su\u00e7un y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fczerine ba\u015fvurucu tahliye edilmi\u015f, kanun de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine istinaden mahk\u00fbmiyet karar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irilmesi talebi kabul edilerek ba\u015fvurucunun beraatine karar verilmi\u015ftir. Yarg\u0131tay\u0131n bu karar\u0131 bozmas\u0131 \u00fczerine ilk derece mahkemesi dosyay\u0131 yeniden inceleyerek ilk karar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi ba\u015fvurucuyu 2 y\u0131l 1 g\u00fcn hapis ve 352.000 TL para cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yarg\u0131tay bu karar\u0131 onam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015fvurucu yeni bir kanunla getirilen de\u011fi\u015fiklik uyar\u0131nca geriye kalan 15 g\u00fcnl\u00fck hapis cezas\u0131n\u0131n infaz\u0131n\u0131n tehir edilmesi talebinde bulunmu\u015ftur. Ba\u015fvurucunun talebi kabul edilmi\u015f ve cezas\u0131n\u0131n infaz\u0131 tehir edilmi\u015ftir. Yeni bir kanuni d\u00fczenleme \u00fczerine ilk derece mahkemesi ek kararla ba\u015fvurucunun 1 y\u0131l 6 ay hapis cezas\u0131 ile cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na karar vermi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fvurucu bu karar\u0131 temyiz etmi\u015ftir. Dava Yarg\u0131tay \u00f6n\u00fcnde h\u00e2len devam etmesine ra\u011fmen A\u0130HM, ba\u015fvurucunun cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne m\u00fcdahalede bulunulmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n bunun a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir bir \u015fekilde 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu’nda d\u00fczenlendi\u011fini, m\u00fcdahalenin kamu d\u00fczenin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 me\u015fru amac\u0131na y\u00f6nelik oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
34. A\u0130HM ba\u015fvurucunun deprem ve 28 \u015eubat s\u00fcreci olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan d\u00f6nemde yetkili makamlarca al\u0131nan tedbirler gibi b\u00fct\u00fcn toplumu ve kamu menfaatini ilgilendiren iki konuya de\u011findi\u011fini, bilhassa camideki anma t\u00f6renine kat\u0131lan topluluk olmak \u00fczere T\u00fcrk toplumunun bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc gibi inan\u00e7lar\u0131 gere\u011fi depremi manevi bir fenomen olarak de\u011ferlendirdi\u011fini ifade etmi\u015ftir. A\u0130HM; do\u011fal bir felakete din\u00ee bir anlam y\u00fcklemek ve bilhassa da felaketle H\u00fck\u00fbmetin kimi eylemlerine kar\u015f\u0131 halk\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun sessiz kalmas\u0131 aras\u0131nda bir illiyet ba\u011f\u0131 kurmak suretiyle bu konu\u015fman\u0131n bat\u0131l inan\u00e7lar\u0131, ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcs\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve gericili\u011fi telkin etti\u011fini, belli bir inanc\u0131 yaymaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bu konu\u015fman\u0131n inanmayanlar\u0131 ve H\u00fck\u00fbmeti hedef alan hakaretamiz bir ton bar\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tespit etmi\u015ftir. Ancak A\u0130HM, ba\u015fvurucunun s\u00f6zlerinin bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ve inan\u00e7lar\u0131 payla\u015fmayanlar i\u00e7in \u015fok edici ve hakaretamiz nitelikte olsa bile \u015fiddete te\u015fvik etmedi\u011fini ve kendi din\u00ee toplulu\u011funa mensup olmayan insanlar\u0131 kine k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmi\u015ftir. A\u0130HM mevcut davada; mahk\u00fbmiyet karar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irilmesinin ard\u0131ndan Yarg\u0131tay \u00f6n\u00fcndeki yarg\u0131laman\u0131n devam etti\u011fini ancak bu yarg\u0131lama nas\u0131l sonu\u00e7lan\u0131rsa sonu\u00e7lans\u0131n ba\u015fvurucunun yakla\u015f\u0131k 9 ay hapis cezas\u0131 \u00e7ekmek suretiyle bu ceza mahk\u00fbmiyetinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na zaten maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, H\u00fck\u00fbmetin devam eden yarg\u0131laman\u0131n ihlalin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 telafi etme gereklerini yerine getirip getiremeyece\u011fi ya da nas\u0131l yerine getirece\u011fi hususunda bir a\u00e7\u0131klamada bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kaydetmi\u015ftir. A\u0130HM bu gerek\u00e7elerle m\u00fcdahalenin demokratik toplumda zorunlu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na karar vermi\u015ftir (Kutlular\/T\u00fcrkiye, \u00a7\u00a7 35-52).<\/p>\n
V. \u0130NCELEME VE GEREK\u00c7E <\/p>\n
35. Mahkemenin 12\/1\/2021 tarihinde yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu toplant\u0131da ba\u015fvuru incelenip gere\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc:<\/p>\n
A. Ba\u015fvurucunun \u0130ddialar\u0131 ve Bakanl\u0131k G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc<\/p>\n
36. Ba\u015fvurucu; tutuklama karar\u0131nda kuvvetli su\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesini g\u00f6steren delillerin somut olgularla ortaya konulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, tutuklama nedenleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden dayan\u0131lan gerek\u00e7elerin yerinde olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 zira delillerin internet ortam\u0131nda yap\u0131lan payla\u015f\u0131mlardan ibaret oldu\u011funu, bunlar\u0131n soru\u015fturma makamlar\u0131nca zaten tespit edildi\u011fini, delilleri karartma imk\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, \u00f6te yandan kendisine isnat edilen halk\u0131 kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa tahrik etme su\u00e7unun \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n 3 y\u0131l hapis cezas\u0131 oldu\u011funu ve bu su\u00e7un tutuklama yasa\u011f\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n biraz \u00fczerinde nispeten hafif bir su\u00e7 oldu\u011funu, cezan\u0131n \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 dikkate al\u0131narak ka\u00e7ma \u015f\u00fcphesinin bulundu\u011fu tespitinin isabetsiz oldu\u011funu, ayr\u0131ca tutuklama karar\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ve adli kontrol tedbirlerinin yetersiz kalaca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin de\u011ferlendirmelerin de tamamen keyf\u00ee ve temelsiz oldu\u011funu, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesinin g\u00f6zard\u0131 edildi\u011fini belirterek ki\u015fi h\u00fcrriyeti ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
37. Ba\u015fvurucu ayr\u0131ca tutuklaman\u0131n korkutma ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerinden dolay\u0131 y\u0131ld\u0131rma amac\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi\u011fini belirterek Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi’nin 18. maddesinin ihlal edildi\u011fini de ileri s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
38. Bakanl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde \u00f6ncelikle ba\u015fvurucu tahliye oldu\u011fundan 5271 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 141. maddesindeki tazminat yolunun t\u00fcketilmesi gerekti\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir. Bakanl\u0131k tutuklama yasa\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda uygulanan tutuklama tedbirinin kanuni dayana\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011funu, ba\u015fvurucunun Twitter adl\u0131 sosyal medya hesab\u0131ndan -Kur’an-\u0131 Kerim’deki baz\u0131 ayetlerde hitap amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131lan \u00fcslubu kullanarak- “Ey \u0130BAN edenler…” \u015feklindeki payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 g\u00f6z\u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda su\u00e7un i\u015flendi\u011fine dair kuvvetli belirtinin mevcut oldu\u011funu, tutuklaman\u0131n ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n haklar\u0131n\u0131n ve kamu d\u00fczeninin korunmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde me\u015fru ama\u00e7lar ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015ftir. Bakanl\u0131k ayr\u0131ca ba\u015fvurucunun sarf etti\u011fi s\u00f6zlerin M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n kendilerini naho\u015f ve temelsiz sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n hedefi olarak hissetmelerine yol a\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmemenin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bu s\u00f6zlerin gazetecilik faaliyeti kapsam\u0131nda payla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ifadeler olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bas\u0131n ve ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilmesinin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, yarg\u0131 makamlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan ba\u015fvuruya konu tedbir ile ama\u00e7lanan hususun ba\u015fvurucunun ifade ve bas\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerini k\u0131s\u0131tlamak de\u011fil M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara ve \u0130slam dinine yap\u0131lan sald\u0131r\u0131y\u0131 \u00f6nlemek oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
39. Ba\u015fvurucu; Bakanl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 beyan\u0131nda 5271 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 141. maddesindeki tazminat yolunun etkili olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Anayasa Mahkemesinin i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131n\u0131n da bu y\u00f6nde oldu\u011funu ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu yolun t\u00fcketilmesinin gerekmedi\u011fini belirtmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fvurucu; payla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n dini ve \u0130slam’\u0131 yermek de\u011fil Diyanet \u0130\u015fleri Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ele\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, tutuklaman\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, COVID-19 salg\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n etkisini g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi bir d\u00f6nemde yetkili otoritelerin izni olmadan bulundu\u011fu ili terk etmesinin dahi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kma yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, \u015fehirler aras\u0131 seyahat yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemde adli kontrol tedbirleriyle de hedeflenen amaca ula\u015f\u0131labilece\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
B. De\u011ferlendirme<\/p>\n
40. Anayasa’n\u0131n “Temel hak ve h\u00fcrriyetlerin s\u0131n\u0131rlanmas\u0131” kenar ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 13. maddesi \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
“Temel hak ve h\u00fcrriyetler, \u00f6zlerine dokunulmaks\u0131z\u0131n yaln\u0131zca Anayasan\u0131n ilgili maddelerinde belirtilen sebeplere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ve ancak kanunla s\u0131n\u0131rlanabilir. Bu s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar, Anayasan\u0131n s\u00f6z\u00fcne ve ruhuna, demokratik toplum d\u00fczeninin ve l\u00e2ik Cumhuriyetin gereklerine ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 olamaz.”<\/p>\n
41. Anayasa’n\u0131n “Ki\u015fi h\u00fcrriyeti ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi” kenar ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 19. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131 ile \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesi \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
“Herkes, ki\u015fi h\u00fcrriyeti ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fine sahiptir.<\/p>\n
…<\/p>\n
Su\u00e7lulu\u011fu hakk\u0131nda kuvvetli belirti bulunan ki\u015filer, ancak ka\u00e7malar\u0131n\u0131, delillerin yokedilmesini veya de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesini \u00f6nlemek maksad\u0131yla veya bunlar gibi tutuklamay\u0131 zorunlu k\u0131lan ve kanunda g\u00f6sterilen di\u011fer hallerde h\u00e2kim karar\u0131yla tutuklanabilir.”<\/p>\n
42. Anayasa Mahkemesi, olaylar\u0131n ba\u015fvurucu taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan hukuki nitelendirmesi ile ba\u011fl\u0131 olmay\u0131p olay ve olgular\u0131n hukuki tavsifini kendisi takdir eder (Tahir Canan, B. No: 2012\/969, 18\/9\/2013, \u00a7 16). Ba\u015fvurucunun \u015fik\u00e2yetinin \u00f6z\u00fc, tutuklaman\u0131n hukuki olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkindir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ba\u015fvurucunun bu k\u0131s\u0131mdaki iddialar\u0131n\u0131n Anayasa’n\u0131n 19. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131 ba\u011flam\u0131ndaki ki\u015fi h\u00fcrriyeti ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda incelenmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
1. Kabul Edilebilirlik Y\u00f6n\u00fcnden<\/p>\n
43. A\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a dayanaktan yoksun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kabul edilemezli\u011fine karar verilmesini gerektirecek ba\u015fka bir neden de bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lan bu iddialar\u0131n kabul edilebilir oldu\u011funa karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
2. Esas Y\u00f6n\u00fcnden<\/p>\n
a. Genel \u0130lkeler <\/p>\n
44. Anayasa’n\u0131n 19. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda, herkesin ki\u015fi h\u00fcrriyeti ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi hakk\u0131na sahip oldu\u011fu ilke olarak ortaya konduktan sonra ikinci ve \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kralar\u0131nda, \u015fekil ve \u015fartlar\u0131 kanunda g\u00f6sterilmek ko\u015fuluyla ki\u015filerin \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden mahrum b\u0131rak\u0131labilece\u011fi durumlar s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olarak say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (Murat Narman, B. No: 2012\/1137, 2\/7\/2013, \u00a7 42).<\/p>\n
45. Ki\u015fi h\u00fcrriyeti ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi hakk\u0131na y\u00f6nelik bir m\u00fcdahale olarak tutuklaman\u0131n Anayasa’n\u0131n 13. maddesinde \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen ve tutuklama tedbirinin niteli\u011fine uygun d\u00fc\u015fen, kanun taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclme, Anayasa’n\u0131n ilgili maddelerinde belirtilen hakl\u0131 sebeplerden bir veya daha fazlas\u0131na dayanma ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmama ko\u015fullar\u0131na uygun olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi gerekir (Halas Aslan, B. No: 2014\/4994, 16\/2\/2017, \u00a7\u00a7 53, 54).<\/p>\n
46. Anayasa’n\u0131n 19. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131na g\u00f6re tutuklama ancak su\u00e7lulu\u011fu hakk\u0131nda kuvvetli belirti bulunan ki\u015filer bak\u0131m\u0131ndan m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bir ba\u015fka anlat\u0131mla tutuklaman\u0131n \u00f6n ko\u015fulu, ki\u015finin su\u00e7lulu\u011fu hakk\u0131nda kuvvetli belirtinin bulunmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bunun i\u00e7in su\u00e7laman\u0131n kuvvetli say\u0131labilecek inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 delillerle desteklenmesi gerekir (Mustafa Ali Balbay, B. No: 2012\/1272, 4\/12\/2013, \u00a7 72).<\/p>\n
47. \u015e\u00fcpheli veya san\u0131\u011fa isnat edilen eylemlerin ifade, bas\u0131n ve sendika \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri ile siyasi faaliyette bulunma hakk\u0131 gibi demokratik toplum d\u00fczeni bak\u0131m\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7ilmez temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler kapsam\u0131nda oldu\u011fu hususunda ciddi iddialar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu veya bu durumun somut olay\u0131n ko\u015fullar\u0131ndan anla\u015f\u0131labildi\u011fi h\u00e2llerde tutuklamaya karar veren yarg\u0131 mercilerinin kuvvetli su\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesini belirlerken daha \u00f6zenli davranmalar\u0131 gerekir. Buradaki \u00f6zen y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne riayet edilip edilmedi\u011fi Anayasa Mahkemesinin denetimine tabidir (G\u00fclser Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m (2) [GK], B. No: 2016\/40170, 16\/11\/2017, \u00a7 116).<\/p>\n
48. \u00d6te yandan Anayasa’n\u0131n 19. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131nda, tutuklama karar\u0131n\u0131n ka\u00e7ma ya da delillerin yok edilmesini veya de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesini \u00f6nleme amac\u0131yla verilebilece\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir. 5271 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 100. maddesine g\u00f6re \u015f\u00fcpheli ya da san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ka\u00e7mas\u0131, saklanmas\u0131 veya ka\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131 \u015f\u00fcphesini uyand\u0131ran somut olgular\u0131n bulunmas\u0131, \u015f\u00fcpheli ya da san\u0131\u011f\u0131n davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n delilleri yok etme, gizleme veya de\u011fi\u015ftirme, tan\u0131k, ma\u011fdur ya da ba\u015fkalar\u0131 \u00fczerinde bask\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131 giri\u015fiminde bulunma hususlar\u0131nda kuvvetli \u015f\u00fcphe olu\u015fturmas\u0131 h\u00e2llerinde tutuklama karar\u0131 verilebilecektir. Maddede ayr\u0131ca i\u015flendi\u011fi konusunda kuvvetli \u015f\u00fcphe bulunmas\u0131 \u015fart\u0131yla tutuklama nedeninin varsay\u0131labilece\u011fi su\u00e7lara ili\u015fkin bir listeye yer verilmi\u015ftir (Halas Aslan, \u00a7\u00a7 58, 59).<\/p>\n
49. Di\u011fer taraftan Anayasa’n\u0131n 13. maddesinde temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklere y\u00f6nelik s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 olamayaca\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir. Bu ba\u011flamda dikkate al\u0131nacak hususlardan biri tutuklama tedbirinin isnat edilen su\u00e7un \u00f6nemi ve uygulanacak yapt\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc olmas\u0131d\u0131r (Halas Aslan, \u00a7 72).<\/p>\n
50. Her somut olayda tutuklaman\u0131n \u00f6n ko\u015fulu olan su\u00e7un i\u015flendi\u011fine dair kuvvetli belirtinin olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, tutuklama nedenlerinin bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve tutuklama tedbirinin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn takdiri \u00f6ncelikle an\u0131lan tedbiri uygulayan yarg\u0131 mercilerine aittir. Zira bu konuda taraflarla ve delillerle do\u011frudan temas h\u00e2linde olan yarg\u0131 mercileri Anayasa Mahkemesine k\u0131yasla daha iyi konumdad\u0131r. Bununla birlikte yarg\u0131 mercilerinin belirtilen hususlardaki takdir aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u015f\u0131p a\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Anayasa Mahkemesinin denetimine tabidir. Anayasa Mahkemesinin bu husustaki denetimi, somut olay\u0131n ko\u015fullar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131narak \u00f6zellikle tutuklamaya ili\u015fkin s\u00fcre\u00e7 ve tutuklama karar\u0131n\u0131n gerek\u00e7eleri \u00fczerinden yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r (G\u00fclser Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m (2), \u00a7\u00a7 123, 124).<\/p>\n
b. \u0130lkelerin Olaya Uygulanmas\u0131<\/p>\n
51. Somut olayda ba\u015fvurucu, sosyal medya \u00fczerinden yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 baz\u0131 payla\u015f\u0131mlar nedeniyle tutuklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Soru\u015fturma mercileri su\u00e7a konu payla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 216. maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen iki ayr\u0131 su\u00e7un konusu oldu\u011funu belirlemi\u015ftir. Bunlardan ilki an\u0131lan maddenin (1) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenen halk\u0131 kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa tahrik su\u00e7udur. Ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131ndaki tutuklama tedbiri de bu su\u00e7 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden uygulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
52. Ba\u015fvurucu 5271 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 100. maddesi uyar\u0131nca tutuklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. An\u0131lan maddenin (4) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131nda baz\u0131 su\u00e7lar y\u00f6n\u00fcnden tutuklama yasa\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Buna g\u00f6re sadece adli para cezas\u0131n\u0131 gerektiren su\u00e7larda veya -v\u00fccut dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 kasten i\u015flenenler hari\u00e7 olmak \u00fczere- hapis cezas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 iki y\u0131ldan fazla olmayan su\u00e7larda tutuklama karar\u0131 verilemez. Ba\u015fvurucunun tutuklanmas\u0131na karar verilen 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 216. maddesinin (1) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenen halk\u0131 kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa tahrik su\u00e7una ili\u015fkin olarak \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen yapt\u0131r\u0131m 1 y\u0131ldan 3 y\u0131la kadar hapis cezas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu itibarla ba\u015fvurucunun tutuklanmas\u0131n\u0131n kanuni temelinin bulundu\u011fu ve tutuklaman\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde kanundan kaynaklanan bir engelin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
53. \u00d6te yandan ba\u015fvurucuya isnat edilen di\u011fer su\u00e7 olan 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 216. maddesinin (3) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131 kapsam\u0131ndaki halk\u0131n bir kesiminin benimsedi\u011fi din\u00ee de\u011ferleri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lama su\u00e7u y\u00f6n\u00fcnden \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen cezan\u0131n miktar\u0131 (6 aydan 1 y\u0131la kadar hapis) itibar\u0131yla tutuklama yasa\u011f\u0131 bulunmakta ise de ba\u015fvurucunun an\u0131lan su\u00e7 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden tutuklanmas\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir. Bu nedenle tutuklaman\u0131n kanuni dayana\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden somut olayda hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
54. Kanuni dayana\u011f\u0131 bulundu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lan tutuklama tedbirinin me\u015fru bir amac\u0131n\u0131n olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc incelenmeden \u00f6nce tutuklaman\u0131n \u00f6n ko\u015fulu olan su\u00e7un i\u015flendi\u011fine dair kuvvetli belirtinin bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
55. Yukar\u0131da de de\u011finildi\u011fi \u00fczere ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 216. maddesinin iki ayr\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenen iki ayr\u0131 su\u00e7 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden soru\u015fturma y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ve fakat bunlardan yaln\u0131zca biri tutuklamaya konu edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
56. Bu kapsamda soru\u015fturma mercileri ba\u015fvurucunun payla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131ndan ikisinin tutuklamaya konu olan 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 216. maddesinin (1) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131ndaki halk\u0131 kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa tahrik su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011funu, di\u011fer \u00fc\u00e7 payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ise ayn\u0131 maddenin (3) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenen halk\u0131n bir kesiminin benimsedi\u011fi din\u00ee de\u011ferleri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lama su\u00e7una v\u00fccut verdi\u011fini belirtmi\u015ftir. Nitekim ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131ndaki iddianamelerde hangi payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n hangi su\u00e7un konusu oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde ifade edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
57. Buna g\u00f6re yaln\u0131zca 1\/4\/2020 tarihinde yap\u0131lan iki payla\u015f\u0131m tutuklama tedbirinin uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 halk\u0131 kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa tahrik su\u00e7unun konusunu olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Bunlardan birincisinde “I\u015e\u0130D kafal\u0131 islamc\u0131 yobazlar, siyasal islamc\u0131lar, iman numaras\u0131yla \u0130BANa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan din s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcleri, \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131lar, fa\u015fistler, ulusalc\u0131 ge\u00e7inip ne olduklar\u0131n\u0131 kendileri de bilmeyenler, gardrop Atat\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcler ve gardrop m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar l\u00fctfen kanal\u0131ma abone olmay\u0131n.” \u015feklinde, ikincisinde ise (“Diyanetten Yard\u0131m\u0131 Belediyeye Yard\u0131m yapmay\u0131n fetvas\u0131 zekatlar\u0131n ulusal d\u00fczeyde kampanya ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131 caizdir.” ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 haberi al\u0131nt\u0131layarak yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 payla\u015f\u0131m): “Ondan sonra iman m\u0131 \u0130BAN m\u0131 diye gar\u0130BAN imanl\u0131lar\u0131 tahrik eden manyaklar \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. G\u00f6r\u00fcyorsunuz b\u00fct\u00fcn olay \u0130BAN kavgas\u0131.” \u015feklinde ifadeler yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
58. Anayasa Mahkemesince eldeki bireysel ba\u015fvuruda yap\u0131lacak incelemenin s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 tutuklamaya konu edilen 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 216. maddesinin (1) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131ndaki halk\u0131 kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa tahrik su\u00e7u bak\u0131m\u0131ndan dayan\u0131lan olgular\u0131n kuvvetli su\u00e7 belirtisi te\u015fkil edip etmedi\u011finin tespitidir. Bu bak\u0131mdan yaln\u0131zca bu su\u00e7 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden soru\u015fturma mercilerince dayan\u0131lan sosyal medya payla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bir de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
59. Bir ba\u015fka anlat\u0131mla ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131lan 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 216. maddesinin (3) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131ndaki halk\u0131n bir kesiminin benimsedi\u011fi din\u00ee de\u011ferleri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lama su\u00e7u bak\u0131m\u0131ndan tutuklama tedbirinin uygulanmas\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bu su\u00e7 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden dayan\u0131lan 29\/3\/2020 tarihli “Alkol art\u0131k haram de\u011fil, size helal k\u0131ld\u0131k, Corona suresi” \u015feklindeki payla\u015f\u0131m, 31\/3\/2020 tarihli “\u0130BAN suresi ayet 1, ey \u0130BAN edenler, biz size ayr\u0131 bankalarda \u0130BAN numaralar\u0131 verdik ki, \u0130BAN edesiniz diye, hi\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesiz ki ahiret g\u00fcn\u00fcnde \u0130BAN edenle \u0130BAN etmeyenler ayr\u0131lacakt\u0131r.” \u015feklindeki payla\u015f\u0131m ve 1\/4\/2020 tarihinde ba\u015fvurucunun “\u0130BANl\u0131-\u0130manl\u0131 Ayr\u0131m\u0131: Gardrop Atat\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn yerini alan Gardrop M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n geldi\u011fi son nokta.” ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 videodaki konu\u015fma y\u00f6n\u00fcnden bir de\u011ferlendirmede bulunulmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
60. Ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda tutuklama tedbirinin uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 halk\u0131 kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa tahrik su\u00e7una konu edilen payla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n kuvvetli su\u00e7 belirtisi te\u015fkil edip etmedi\u011finin belirlenmesinde bu su\u00e7a ili\u015fkin olarak Yarg\u0131tay taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan de\u011ferlendirmelerin g\u00f6z\u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Yarg\u0131tay\u0131n -bir k\u0131sm\u0131na yukar\u0131da yer verilen- \u00e7ok say\u0131daki karar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda an\u0131lan su\u00e7la ilgili tespit ve de\u011ferlendirmelerinin \u015fu \u015fekilde \u00f6zetlenmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir:<\/p>\n
i. Objektif ve tarafs\u0131zl\u0131ktan uzak, incitici, sayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 zedeleyici, rahats\u0131z edici fakat \u015fiddet i\u00e7ermeyen ve \u015fiddet k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunmayan, yak\u0131n tehlikeye neden olmayan beyanlar bu su\u00e7un konusunu olu\u015fturmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
ii. Ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen fiilin d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyada meydana getirdi\u011fi etki ve tepki g\u00f6zetilmeli, a\u00e7\u0131k ve yak\u0131n tehlikenin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde fiil su\u00e7 say\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Kanunun gerek\u00e7esinde a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtildi\u011fi gibi buradaki tehlike somut tehlikedir. Su\u00e7un olu\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kamu g\u00fcvenli\u011finin bozulmas\u0131 tehlikesinin somut olgulara dayal\u0131 olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 gerekir. Tehlikenin soyut olmay\u0131p somut ve yak\u0131n tehlike oldu\u011fu, kitlelerdeki etkile\u015fim ve hareketler izlenerek de\u011ferlendirmeye t\u00e2bi tutulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
iii. Su\u00e7u olu\u015fturan tahrik -soyut sayg\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131k ve reddin \u00f6tesinde- bir halk kesimine kar\u015f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fmanca tav\u0131rlar g\u00f6sterilmesine yol a\u00e7maya veya bu t\u00fcr tav\u0131rlar\u0131 peki\u015ftirmeye objektif olarak elveri\u015fli olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu kapsamda salt y\u00fcz \u00e7evirme, soyut bir ret veya sayg\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131k ifade eden bir davran\u0131\u015fta bulunma ya da bu y\u00f6nde s\u00f6zler sarf etme su\u00e7un ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan yeterli de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n
iv. Fiilin su\u00e7 te\u015fkil etmesi i\u00e7in bunlar\u0131n \u00f6tesinde a\u011f\u0131r ve yo\u011fun bir tarzda kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa tahrikin var olmas\u0131 gerekir. Di\u011fer bir tabirle etkili bir \u015fiddet \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 ya da nefret s\u00f6ylemi i\u00e7ermelidir. Failin fiili, adet ve \u015fah\u0131s olarak muayyen olmayan toplum kesimi \u00fczerinde kin ve nefret duygular\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fumuna veya mevcut duygular\u0131n peki\u015fmesine etkide bulunmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
v. Kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131k husumet beslenen konuya kar\u015f\u0131 tasarlayarak zarar vermeye, \u00f6\u00e7 almay\u0131 gerektirecek \u015fiddette nefret duymaya y\u00f6nelik hareketlerin zeminini olu\u015fturan psikolojik bir h\u00e2l olarak a\u00e7\u0131klanabilir. Kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131k ibaresinin anlam\u0131 da dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sadece \u015fiddet i\u00e7eren ya da \u015fiddet tavsiye eden tahrikler madde kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilebilecektir.<\/p>\n
vi. Su\u00e7un konusunu olu\u015fturan k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtman\u0131n sosyal s\u0131n\u0131f, \u0131rk, din, mezhep veya b\u00f6lge farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131ndan en az birine dayan\u0131larak ve bu kesimleri kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya getirmek amac\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n
vii. Yasal s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131l\u0131kla belirlenen farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 tahrike y\u00f6nelmeyen, \u015fiddet \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 ve nefret s\u00f6ylemi i\u00e7ermeyen, somut ve yak\u0131n tehlike d\u00fczeyine de ula\u015fmam\u0131\u015f k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmalar\u0131n su\u00e7a konu edilmesi su\u00e7un kanunili\u011fi ilkesiyle ba\u011fda\u015fmaz.<\/p>\n
61. Yap\u0131lan bu a\u00e7\u0131klamalar \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda somut olay de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde ba\u015fvurucunun tutuklamaya konu halk\u0131 kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa tahrik su\u00e7u bak\u0131m\u0131ndan su\u00e7lamaya esas al\u0131nan 1\/4\/2020 tarihli payla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n ilkinde ”I\u015e\u0130D kafal\u0131 islamc\u0131 yobazlar, siyasal islamc\u0131lar, iman numaras\u0131yla \u0130BANa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan din s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcleri, \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131lar, fa\u015fistler, ulusalc\u0131 ge\u00e7inip ne olduklar\u0131n\u0131 kendileri de bilmeyenler, gardrop Atat\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcler ve gardrop m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar l\u00fctfen kanal\u0131ma abone olmay\u0131n.” \u015feklinde bir i\u00e7eri\u011fin bulundu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Ba\u015fvurucunun an\u0131lan payla\u015f\u0131m ile toplumun baz\u0131 kesimlerini \u00f6tekile\u015ftiren hatta a\u015fa\u011f\u0131layan bir \u00fcslup kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle “iman numaras\u0131yla \u0130BANa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan din s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcleri” \u015feklindeki ifadenin payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde COVID-19 salg\u0131n\u0131 nedeniyle olu\u015fan ekonomik daralmaya kar\u015f\u0131 H\u00fck\u00fbmet yetkililerinin halktan yard\u0131m talep etmesiyle ve bu \u00e7er\u00e7evedeki yard\u0131m hesaplar\u0131n\u0131n \u0130BAN numaralar\u0131n\u0131n payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131yla ilgili oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenebilir.<\/p>\n
62. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k s\u00f6z konusu payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak toplumun bir kesimini sosyal s\u0131n\u0131f, \u0131rk, din, mezhep veya b\u00f6lge farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131ndan en az birine dayan\u0131larak ba\u015fka bir kesimine kar\u015f\u0131 kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa tahrik eden bir y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fcnmemektedir. Ba\u015fvurucu, payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131nda herhangi bir \u015fekilde \u015fiddetle ili\u015fkilendirilecek bir ifade kullanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dahas\u0131 ba\u015fvurucu kendince \u00f6tekile\u015ftirdi\u011fi hatta a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 baz\u0131 kitleleri sayd\u0131ktan sonra bunlar\u0131n sosyal medyadaki kanal\u0131na abone olmamas\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015ftir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu payla\u015f\u0131mda k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtma, nefret s\u00f6ylemi veya \u015fiddet \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 \u015feklinde bir olgunun var oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fcnmemektedir.<\/p>\n
63. Ba\u015fvurucunun ayn\u0131 tarihli ikinci payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ise “Diyanetten Yard\u0131m\u0131 Belediyeye Yard\u0131m yapmay\u0131n fetvas\u0131 zekatlar\u0131n ulusal d\u00fczeyde kampanya ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131 caizdir.” ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir haber al\u0131nt\u0131lanarak yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olup burada “Ondan sonra iman m\u0131 \u0130BAN m\u0131 diye gar\u0130BAN imanl\u0131lar\u0131 tahrik eden manyaklar \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. G\u00f6r\u00fcyorsunuz b\u00fct\u00fcn olay \u0130BAN kavgas\u0131.” \u015feklinde c\u00fcmleler yer almaktad\u0131r. Bir ba\u015fka ifadeyle s\u00f6z konusu payla\u015f\u0131m Diyanet \u0130\u015fleri Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131yla ilgili haberle ili\u015fkilendirilerek yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamdaCOVID-19 salg\u0131n\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ba\u011f\u0131\u015f ve yard\u0131m kampanyalar\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, bunlarla ilgili siyasi \u00e7evrelerde ve kamuoyunda tart\u0131\u015fmalar ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu tart\u0131\u015fmalarda \u00f6nemli konulardan biri de yerel y\u00f6netimlerin bu t\u00fcr kampanyalar d\u00fczenlemelerinin hukuken m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hususu olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
64. Ba\u015fvurucunun an\u0131lan payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131nda al\u0131nt\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 haberin i\u00e7eri\u011fi bu d\u00f6nemde Diyanet \u0130\u015fleri Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan bir a\u00e7\u0131klamayla ilgilidir. Ba\u015fkanl\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan 1\/4\/2020 tarihinde (payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcn) kamuoyuna duyurulan yaz\u0131l\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamada ilk olarak Din \u0130\u015fleri Y\u00fcksek Kurulunun COVID-19 salg\u0131n\u0131 sebebiyle ilan edilen dayan\u0131\u015fma kampanyalar\u0131na zek\u00e2t ile katk\u0131da bulunma konusunda vatanda\u015flardan gelen sorular \u00fczerine a\u00e7\u0131klama yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir. A\u00e7\u0131klaman\u0131n devam\u0131nda zek\u00e2t\u0131n \u0130slam dinindeki yeri ve \u00f6nemine vurgu yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, kimlere zek\u00e2t verilebilece\u011fiyle ilgili din\u00ee h\u00fck\u00fcmler hat\u0131rlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, zek\u00e2t\u0131n verili\u015f bi\u00e7imine dair baz\u0131 hususlara de\u011finilmi\u015f ve “Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede zek\u00e2tlar\u0131n bug\u00fcnlerde ulusal d\u00fczeyde ba\u015flat\u0131lan dayan\u0131\u015fma kampanyalar\u0131 vas\u0131tas\u0131yla toplan\u0131p hak sahiplerine ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 da caizdir.” \u015feklinde bir ifade kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. A\u00e7\u0131klama, bu \u015fekilde verilecek zek\u00e2tlarla ilgili dikkat edilmesi gereken hususlar\u0131n belirtilmesi ve yard\u0131mla\u015fman\u0131n ehemmiyetinin alt\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7izilmesiyle tamamlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
65. Ba\u015fvurucu; s\u00f6z konusu payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131, yard\u0131m toplamayla ilgili olarak H\u00fck\u00fbmet yetkilileriyle yerel y\u00f6neticiler aras\u0131nda ya\u015fanan tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Diyanet \u0130\u015fleri Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n da bu tart\u0131\u015fmalara d\u00e2hil olmas\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla -bu durumu trajikomik buldu\u011fu i\u00e7in- yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmektedir. Payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n bununla ilgili haberin al\u0131nt\u0131lanarak yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ve Diyanet \u0130\u015fleri Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fi birlikte dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucunun \u00f6zellikle Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n zek\u00e2tla ilgili a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131nda yer alan “ulusal d\u00fczeyde ba\u015flat\u0131lan dayan\u0131\u015fma kampanyalar\u0131” vurgusunu hedef ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilir. Bu payla\u015f\u0131m toplumun bir kesimini, \u00f6zellikle din\u00ee saiklerle yard\u0131m kampanyas\u0131n\u0131 destekleyenleri rahats\u0131z etmi\u015f olabilir. Ancak bu payla\u015f\u0131m bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da toplum kesimlerini birbirine kar\u015f\u0131 kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa tahrik etme unsurunun veya \u015fiddet \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fcnmemektedir.<\/p>\n
66. Burada her iki payla\u015f\u0131m y\u00f6n\u00fcnden alt\u0131 \u00e7izilmesi gereken hususlardan biri de payla\u015f\u0131mlar dolay\u0131s\u0131yla tutuklamaya konu halk\u0131 kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa tahrik su\u00e7u y\u00f6n\u00fcnden zorunlu unsur olan yak\u0131n tehlikenin soru\u015fturma mercilerince ortaya konulamam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Payla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n kamu d\u00fczeni a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ne \u015fekilde somut bir tehlikeye sebebiyet verdi\u011fi soru\u015fturma belgelerinde belirtilmemi\u015ftir. Bu ba\u011flamda soru\u015fturma mercileri bu payla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n sosyal medya ortam\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan be\u011fenilmesine de\u011finmi\u015fse de bunun herhangi bir \u015fekilde kamu bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 somut olarak tehlikeye sokan bir durum olarak kabul\u00fc m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Yarg\u0131tay kararlar\u0131nda ifade edilen \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fctler \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde ba\u015fvurucunun payla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n kitlelerde nas\u0131l bir etkile\u015fim ve harekete sebebiyet verdi\u011fiyle ilgili somut hi\u00e7bir tespit bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
67. Bu itibarla soru\u015fturma belgelerinde yer alan tespit ve de\u011ferlendirmeler kapsam\u0131nda somut olayda halk\u0131 kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa tahrik su\u00e7u y\u00f6n\u00fcnden tutuklama i\u00e7in gerekli olan su\u00e7 i\u015flendi\u011fine dair kuvvetli belirtinin yeterince ortaya konulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna var\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
68. Var\u0131lan bu sonu\u00e7 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda tutuklama nedenlerinin bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve tutuklaman\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin ayr\u0131ca bir inceleme yap\u0131lmas\u0131na gerek g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
69. A\u00e7\u0131klanan gerek\u00e7elerle ba\u015fvurucunun Anayasa’n\u0131n 19. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131 ba\u011flam\u0131ndaki ki\u015fi h\u00fcrriyeti ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
70. \u00d6te yandan tutuklama s\u00fcreci ve eldeki belgeler dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda somut olayda ba\u015fvurucunun Anayasa’da \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen ama\u00e7 d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki ama\u00e7larla tutukland\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin \u015fik\u00e2yetinin yeterli temelinin bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
71. Di\u011fer taraftan ba\u015fvurucunun sosyal medya payla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 nedeniyle tutukland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bahisle bu durumun kendisi gibi gazeteciler \u00fczerinde cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 etki olu\u015fturdu\u011funu belirterek ifade ve bas\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerinin ihlal edildi\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k somut olayda tutuklama tedbirinin uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 su\u00e7un kapsam\u0131nda olmamas\u0131 nedeniyle Anayasa Mahkemesi taraf\u0131ndan eldeki bireysel ba\u015fvuru \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde incelenmeyen payla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n halk\u0131n bir kesiminin benimsedi\u011fi din\u00ee de\u011ferleri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lama su\u00e7una konu edildi\u011fi ve ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131ndaki yarg\u0131laman\u0131n ilk derece mahkemesinde devam etti\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Bu payla\u015f\u0131mlarda ge\u00e7en baz\u0131 ifadelerin toplumun belirli kesimlerine y\u00f6nelik -benimsedikleri din\u00ee de\u011ferler nedeniyle- a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lay\u0131c\u0131 nitelikte olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ilk olarak derece mahkemelerince tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Dahas\u0131 Anayasa Mahkemesince halk\u0131 kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa tahrik su\u00e7u y\u00f6n\u00fcnden kuvvetli su\u00e7 belirtisi olarak kabul edilmeyen payla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n da halk\u0131n bir kesimini din\u00ee de\u011ferleri dolay\u0131s\u0131yla a\u015fa\u011f\u0131layan veya rencide eden \u00f6zellikte olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ncelikle derece mahkemelerince tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 bireysel ba\u015fvurunun ikincillik niteli\u011finin bir gere\u011fidir. Bu nedenlerle ba\u015fvurucunun ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ihlal edildi\u011fine dair \u015fik\u00e2yetinin bu a\u015famada ayr\u0131ca incelenmesine gerek g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
3. 6216 Say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 50. Maddesi Y\u00f6n\u00fcnden<\/p>\n
72. 30\/3\/2011 tarihli ve 6216 say\u0131l\u0131 Anayasa Mahkemesinin Kurulu\u015fu ve Yarg\u0131lama Usulleri Hakk\u0131nda Kanun’un 50. maddesinin ilgili k\u0131sm\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
“(1) Esas inceleme sonunda, ba\u015fvurucunun hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine ya da edilmedi\u011fine karar verilir. \u0130hlal karar\u0131 verilmesi h\u00e2linde ihlalin ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekenlere h\u00fckmedilir\u2026<\/p>\n
\u00a0(2) Tespit edilen ihlal bir mahkeme karar\u0131ndan kaynaklanm\u0131\u015fsa, ihlali ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in yeniden yarg\u0131lama yapmak \u00fczere dosya ilgili mahkemeye g\u00f6nderilir. Yeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lmas\u0131nda hukuki yarar bulunmayan h\u00e2llerde ba\u015fvurucu lehine tazminata h\u00fckmedilebilir veya genel mahkemelerde dava a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 yolu g\u00f6sterilebilir. <\/p>\n
Yeniden yarg\u0131lama yapmakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc mahkeme, Anayasa Mahkemesinin ihlal karar\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ihlali ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131racak \u015fekilde m\u00fcmk\u00fcnse dosya \u00fczerinden karar verir.”<\/p>\n
73. Ba\u015fvurucu, tahliye talebinin yan\u0131nda 500.000 TL maddi ve 500.000 TL manevi tazminat talebinde bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
74. Anayasa Mahkemesinin Mehmet Do\u011fan ([GK], B. No: 2014\/8875, 7\/6\/2018) karar\u0131nda ihlal sonucuna var\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ihlalin nas\u0131l ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 hususunda genel ilkeler belirlenmi\u015ftir. Anayasa Mahkemesi di\u011fer bir karar\u0131nda ise bu ilkelerle birlikte ihlal karar\u0131n\u0131n yerine getirilmemesinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na da de\u011finmi\u015f ve bu durumun ihlalin devam\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelece\u011fi gibi ilgili hakk\u0131n ikinci kez ihlal edilmesiyle sonu\u00e7lanaca\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret etmi\u015ftir (Alig\u00fcl Alkaya ve di\u011ferleri (2), B. No: 2016\/12506, 7\/11\/2019).<\/p>\n
75. Bireysel ba\u015fvuru kapsam\u0131nda bir temel hakk\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine karar verildi\u011fi takdirde ihlalin ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan s\u00f6z edilebilmesi i\u00e7in temel kural, m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca eski h\u00e2le getirmenin yani ihlalden \u00f6nceki duruma d\u00f6n\u00fclmesinin sa\u011flanmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bunun i\u00e7in ise \u00f6ncelikle ihlalin kayna\u011f\u0131 belirlenerek devam eden ihlalin durdurulmas\u0131, ihlale neden olan karar veya i\u015flemin ve bunlar\u0131n yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, varsa ihlalin sebep oldu\u011fu maddi ve manevi zararlar\u0131n giderilmesi, ayr\u0131ca bu ba\u011flamda uygun g\u00f6r\u00fclen di\u011fer tedbirlerin al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekmektedir (Mehmet Do\u011fan, \u00a7\u00a7 55, 57).<\/p>\n
76. Somut olayda ba\u015fvurucunun ki\u015fi h\u00fcrriyeti ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fi sonucuna var\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yarg\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 davada ba\u015fvurucunun 6\/5\/2020 tarihinde tahliyesine karar verilmi\u015f ve ba\u015fvurucunun tutukluluk h\u00e2li sona ermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
77. \u00d6te yandan somut olayda ihlalin tespit edilmesinin ba\u015fvurucunun u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zararlar\u0131n giderilmesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan yetersiz kalaca\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Ki\u015fi h\u00fcrriyeti ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi hakk\u0131na y\u00f6nelik m\u00fcdahale nedeniyle yaln\u0131zca ihlal tespitiyle giderilemeyecek olan manevi zararlar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucuya net 40.000 TL manevi tazminat \u00f6denmesine karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
78. Anayasa Mahkemesinin maddi tazminata h\u00fckmedebilmesi i\u00e7in ba\u015fvurucunun u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia etti\u011fi maddi zarar ile tespit edilen ihlal aras\u0131nda illiyet ba\u011f\u0131 bulunmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ba\u015fvurucunun bu konuda herhangi bir belge sunmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 nedeniyle maddi tazminat talebinin reddine karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
79. Dosyadaki belgelerden tespit edilen 446,90 har\u00e7 ve 3.600 TL vek\u00e2let \u00fccretinden olu\u015fan toplam 4.046,90 TL yarg\u0131lama giderinin ba\u015fvurucuya \u00f6denmesine karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
VI. H\u00dcK\u00dcM<\/p>\n
A\u00e7\u0131klanan gerek\u00e7elerle;<\/p>\n
A. Tutuklaman\u0131n hukuki olmamas\u0131 nedeniyle ki\u015fi h\u00fcrriyeti ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine ili\u015fkin iddian\u0131n KABUL ED\u0130LEB\u0130L\u0130R OLDU\u011eUNA,<\/p>\n
B. Anayasa’n\u0131n 19. maddesinde g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan ki\u015fi h\u00fcrriyeti ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi hakk\u0131n\u0131n \u0130HLAL ED\u0130LD\u0130\u011e\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
C. Ba\u015fvurucuya net 40.000 TL manevi tazminat \u00d6DENMES\u0130NE, tazminata ili\u015fkin di\u011fer taleplerin REDD\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
D. 446,90 har\u00e7 ve 3.600 TL vek\u00e2let \u00fccretinden olu\u015fan toplam 4.046,90 TL yarg\u0131lama giderinin ba\u015fvurucuya \u00d6DENMES\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
E. \u00d6demelerin, karar\u0131n tebli\u011fini takiben ba\u015fvurucunun Hazine ve Maliye Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u015fvuru tarihinden itibaren d\u00f6rt ay i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lmas\u0131na, \u00f6demede gecikme olmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde bu s\u00fcrenin sona erdi\u011fi tarihten \u00f6deme tarihine kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre i\u00e7in yasal FA\u0130Z UYGULANMASINA,<\/p>\n
F. Karar\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011finin bilgi i\u00e7in Bodrum 3. Asliye Ceza Mahkemesine (E.2020\/222) G\u00d6NDER\u0130LMES\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
G. Karar\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011finin Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na G\u00d6NDER\u0130LMES\u0130NE 12\/1\/2021 tarihinde OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE karar verildi.<\/p>\n
\u200bAnayasa Mahkemesi’nin 12\/1\/2021 tarihli ve 2020\/13412 ba\u015fvuru numaral\u0131 karar\u0131\u00a0Hukuki Haber<\/p>\n
Haberin Al\u0131nt\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kaynak: www.hukukihaber.net<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u00dcRK\u0130YE CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130 ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130 \u00a0 \u00a0 B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM \u00a0 KARAR \u00a0 HAKAN AYG\u00dcN BA\u015eVURUSU (Ba\u015fvuru Numaras\u0131: 2020\/13412) \u00a0 Karar Tarihi: 12\/1\/2021 R.G. Tarih ve Say\u0131: 23\/2\/2021-31404 \u00a0 B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM \u00a0 KARAR \u00a0 Ba\u015fkan : Hasan Tahsin G\u00d6KCAN \u00dcyeler : Hicabi DURSUN \u00a0 \u00a0 Muammer TOPAL \u00a0 \u00a0 Recai AKYEL \u00a0 \u00a0 Yusuf \u015eevki HAKYEMEZ Raport\u00f6r : Yusuf Enes KAYA Ba\u015fvurucu : Hakan AYG\u00dcN Vekili : Av. Semih ECER \u00a0 I. BA\u015eVURUNUN KONUSU 1. Ba\u015fvuru, sosyal medyada yap\u0131lan birtak\u0131m payla\u015f\u0131mlar dolay\u0131s\u0131yla uygulanan tutuklama tedbirinin hukuki olmamas\u0131 nedeniyle ki\u015fi h\u00fcrriyeti ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fi iddias\u0131na ili\u015fkindir. II. BA\u015eVURU S\u00dcREC\u0130 2. Ba\u015fvuru 22\/4\/2020 tarihinde yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 3. Ba\u015fvuru, ba\u015fvuru formu ve eklerinin idari y\u00f6nden yap\u0131lan \u00f6n incelemesinden sonra Komisyona sunulmu\u015ftur. 4. Komisyonca ba\u015fvurunun kabul edilebilirlik incelemesinin B\u00f6l\u00fcm taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verilmi\u015ftir. 5. Ba\u015fvuru belgelerinin bir \u00f6rne\u011fi bilgi i\u00e7in Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na (Bakanl\u0131k) g\u00f6nderilmi\u015ftir. Bakanl\u0131k, g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc bildirmi\u015ftir. 6. Ba\u015fvurucu, Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcresinde beyanda bulunmu\u015ftur. III. OLAY VE OLGULAR 7. Ba\u015fvuru formu ve eklerinde ifade edildi\u011fi \u015fekliyle ve Ulusal Yarg\u0131 A\u011f\u0131 Bili\u015fim Sistemi (UYAP) arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla eri\u015filen bilgi ve belgeler \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde ilgili olaylar \u00f6zetle \u015f\u00f6yledir: 8. Sosyal medyada birtak\u0131m payla\u015f\u0131mlar yapmas\u0131 \u00fczerine ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda Bodrum Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nca soru\u015fturma ba\u015flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 9. Cumhuriyet savc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n gecikmesinde sak\u0131nca bulunan h\u00e2l …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-71789","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hukukihaber"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n