Biz de bu d\u00f6nemde yap\u0131lan Kaptanpa\u015fa ve Hamidiye Camileri\u2019nin kurulu\u015flar\u0131, vak\u0131f yap\u0131lar\u0131 ve kent hayat\u0131ndaki rollerini Prof. Dr. Naim \u00dcrkmez\u2019in \u0130skenderun vak\u0131flar\u0131 \u00fczerine yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar ve ar\u015fiv belgeleri \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ele alal\u0131m. Her iki cami de yaln\u0131zca ibadet mek\u00e2nlar\u0131 de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda Osmanl\u0131’n\u0131n ta\u015frada merkezi otoriteyi kurma \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u0412\u0445\u043e\u0434<\/p>\n
\u0130skenderun, 16. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan itibaren Osmanl\u0131 idaresi alt\u0131nda kalan ve Halep vilayetine ba\u011fl\u0131 bir sahil \u015fehri olarak geli\u015fim g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. \u00d6zellikle 19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda artan ticaret hacmi Osmanl\u0131 idaresinin b\u00f6lgeye olan ilgisini art\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, askeri ve idar\u00ee yap\u0131lar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra din\u00ee mek\u00e2nlar\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131 da \u00f6nem kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nemde in\u015fa edilen Kaptanpa\u015fa ve Hamidiye Camileri hem \u015fehirdeki M\u00fcsl\u00fcman n\u00fcfusun ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na yan\u0131t vermek hem de Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ta\u015fra y\u00f6netimini peki\u015ftirmek amac\u0131yla ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
1. Kaptanpa\u015fa Camii: F\u0131rka-i Islahiye\u2019nin Miras\u0131<\/p>\n
1853-1856 K\u0131r\u0131m Harbi\u2019nin ard\u0131ndan Osmanl\u0131 y\u00f6netimi, Cebel-i Bereket ve Kozan \u00e7evresindeki a\u015firetleri kontrol alt\u0131na almak amac\u0131yla askeri harek\u00e2ta karar vermi\u015ftir. 1865 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015flayan bu harek\u00e2t\u0131n ilk ikmal noktas\u0131 \u0130skenderun olmu\u015ftur. Bu s\u0131rada F\u0131rka-i Islahiye ordusu 28 May\u0131s 1865\u2019te \u0130skenderun\u2019a ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve burada lojistik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu yo\u011fun askeri hareketlilik \u015fehirde bir caminin in\u015fas\u0131n\u0131 zorunlu k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u00b9.<\/p>\n
Mevcut ama harap durumda olan bir cami F\u0131rka-i Islahiye\u2019ye ba\u011fl\u0131 Zafer, Nesim ve Mecidiye vapurlar\u0131 ile Osmanl\u0131 s\u00fcvarileri taraf\u0131ndan 5 Kas\u0131m 1865\u2019te tamir edilerek ibadete a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u00b2. Bu yap\u0131 zamanla \u201cKaptanpa\u015fa Mescidi\u201d olarak an\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Liman kenti olmas\u0131 nedeniyle \u015fehirde artan n\u00fcfus ve yolcu trafi\u011fi mescidin Cuma namazlar\u0131na da hizmet verecek \u015fekilde d\u00fczenlenmesini zorunlu k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ama\u00e7la 1902 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u0131ll\u0131k 4.000 kuru\u015f gelir getiren d\u00f6rt d\u00fckk\u00e2ndan elde edilen gelirle mescide bir minber eklenmi\u015ftir\u00b3.<\/p>\n
Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l, Haf\u0131z Mustafa Lami Efendi, mescidin hem imam\u0131 hem de vak\u0131f m\u00fctevellisi olarak 200 kuru\u015f maa\u015fla g\u00f6revlendirilmi\u015ftir. 1906 y\u0131l\u0131nda ise caminin tamirat i\u015flerini y\u00fcr\u00fctecek yeni m\u00fctevelli olarak Abd\u00fclhaf\u0131z Efendi atanm\u0131\u015f, denetim ise Belen Evkaf M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Ahmed Dervi\u015f Efendi\u2019ye b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u2074.<\/p>\n
2. Hamidiye Camii: Dini Te\u015fkilat\u0131n Ta\u015fraya Yans\u0131mas\u0131<\/p>\n
\u0130skenderun\u2019un 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n son \u00e7eyre\u011finde h\u0131zla b\u00fcy\u00fcyen n\u00fcfusu mevcut cami ve mescitlerin yetersiz kalmas\u0131na neden olmu\u015ftur. 1892 y\u0131l\u0131nda Asker\u00ee Tefti\u015f Komisyonu \u0130kinci Reisi \u0130smail Hakk\u0131 Pa\u015fa, \u015fehirde yeni bir caminin in\u015fas\u0131 i\u00e7in Sultan Abd\u00fclhamid\u2019e ba\u015fvurarak hem in\u015faat izni hem de maddi yard\u0131m talebinde bulunmu\u015ftur\u2075. Sultan, in\u015faat iznini vermi\u015f fakat yard\u0131m\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 tutmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
Caminin yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 yer konusunda ya\u015fanan ihtilaflar ve ke\u015fif bedelinin y\u00fcksek bulunmas\u0131 nedeniyle in\u015faat gecikmi\u015ftir. 1901 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ke\u015fifte cami in\u015fas\u0131 i\u00e7in 326.000 kuru\u015f gerekti\u011fi tespit edilmi\u015f, bu rakam daha sonra 165.000 kuru\u015fa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u2076. Sultan Abd\u00fclhamid\u2019in de onay\u0131yla gerekli finansman Evkaf Nezareti b\u00fct\u00e7esinden sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f ve in\u015faata ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te Mehmed Hayreddin Efendi, caminin in\u015fas\u0131 ve idaresi i\u00e7in m\u00fctevelli olarak atanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca Antakyal\u0131 Hac\u0131 \u015eerife Han\u0131m, cami \u00f6n\u00fcndeki havuza akan i\u00e7me suyunu vakfetmi\u015ftir\u2077. T\u00fcm zorluklara ra\u011fmen, 1904 y\u0131l\u0131nda Evkaf Nezareti\u2019nin emriyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve Hamidiye Camii nihayet in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir\u2078.<\/p>\n
3. Vak\u0131f K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc ve Sosyal Haf\u0131za<\/p>\n
1953 y\u0131l\u0131nda, \u0130skenderun Sava\u015f Mahallesi\u2019nde oturan Hac\u0131 Zeliha Mara\u015fl\u0131, Hamidiye Camii\u2019ne evini vakfetmi\u015ftir. Vak\u0131f \u015fartlar\u0131nda kendi ad\u0131na hatim indirilmesi, kurban kesilmesi, \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn camiye b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 ve cenazesinin omuzda ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 gibi ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 talepler yer almaktad\u0131r\u2079. Bu, \u0130slami vak\u0131f anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ta\u015frada nas\u0131l g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir sosyal aidiyet ve haf\u0131za \u00fcretti\u011finin de somut bir \u00f6rne\u011fidir.<\/p>\n
Sonu\u00e7<\/p>\n
Kaptanpa\u015fa ve Hamidiye Camileri, sadece ibadet mek\u00e2nlar\u0131 de\u011fil; ayn\u0131 zamanda Osmanl\u0131 ta\u015fra siyasetinin, \u015fehirle\u015fme stratejilerinin ve toplumsal d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn birer yans\u0131mas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu iki yap\u0131, \u0130skenderun\u2019un 19. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan 20. y\u00fczy\u0131la uzanan tarihsel s\u00fcre\u00e7teki d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc anlamak a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan kritik birer belge i\u015flevi g\u00f6rmektedir. \u00d6zellikle vak\u0131flar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla camilerin in\u015fas\u0131, tamiri ve ya\u015fat\u0131lmas\u0131, din\u00ee yap\u0131n\u0131n halkla kurdu\u011fu ba\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne sermektedir.<\/p>\n
Dipnotlar<\/p>\n
Hala\u00e7o\u011flu, Y. (1996). F\u0131rka-i Islahiye ve Osmanl\u0131 Y\u00f6netiminde A\u015firet Politikalar\u0131. s. 35.
\n BOA, EV. MKT, 2694-282.
\n Evliya \u00c7elebi, Seyahatn\u00e2me, 1999, Cilt 2, s. 32-33.
\n T\u00fcrkmen, \u0130. (1937). \u0130skenderun\u2019da Osmanl\u0131 Vak\u0131flar\u0131, s. 557.
\n BOA, Y. MTV, 61-42; BOA, EV. MKT, 1809-156.
\n BOA, EV. MKT, 2011-7; 2072-129; 2376-10.
\n BOA, M\u015eH. \u015eSC.d, 5249.
\n VGM.d, 944, s. 111; VGM.d, 169, s. 156-157.
\n BOA, Y. PRK. AZJ, 39-117; BOA, \u015eD, 156-60.<\/p>\n
\u200b19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun Do\u011fu Akdeniz liman \u015fehirlerinden biri olan \u0130skenderun, hem stratejik hem de ekonomik a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00f6nemli bir merkez h\u00e2line gelmi\u015ftir. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te, b\u00f6lgedeki din\u00ee yap\u0131lar da \u015fehirle\u015fmenin hem sembol\u00fc hem de arac\u0131 olarak i\u015flev g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u200bHaberin Al\u0131nt\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kaynak: www.iskenderun.org<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Biz de bu d\u00f6nemde yap\u0131lan Kaptanpa\u015fa ve Hamidiye Camileri\u2019nin kurulu\u015flar\u0131, vak\u0131f yap\u0131lar\u0131 ve kent hayat\u0131ndaki rollerini Prof. Dr. Naim \u00dcrkmez\u2019in \u0130skenderun vak\u0131flar\u0131 \u00fczerine yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar ve ar\u015fiv belgeleri \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ele alal\u0131m. Her iki cami de yaln\u0131zca ibadet mek\u00e2nlar\u0131 de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda Osmanl\u0131’n\u0131n ta\u015frada merkezi otoriteyi kurma \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Giri\u015f \u0130skenderun, 16. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan itibaren Osmanl\u0131 idaresi alt\u0131nda kalan ve Halep vilayetine ba\u011fl\u0131 bir sahil \u015fehri olarak geli\u015fim g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. \u00d6zellikle 19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda artan ticaret hacmi Osmanl\u0131 idaresinin b\u00f6lgeye olan ilgisini art\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, askeri ve idar\u00ee yap\u0131lar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra din\u00ee mek\u00e2nlar\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131 da \u00f6nem kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nemde in\u015fa edilen Kaptanpa\u015fa ve Hamidiye Camileri hem \u015fehirdeki M\u00fcsl\u00fcman n\u00fcfusun ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na yan\u0131t vermek hem de Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ta\u015fra y\u00f6netimini peki\u015ftirmek amac\u0131yla ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1. Kaptanpa\u015fa Camii: F\u0131rka-i Islahiye\u2019nin Miras\u0131 1853-1856 K\u0131r\u0131m Harbi\u2019nin ard\u0131ndan Osmanl\u0131 y\u00f6netimi, Cebel-i Bereket ve Kozan \u00e7evresindeki a\u015firetleri kontrol alt\u0131na almak amac\u0131yla askeri harek\u00e2ta karar vermi\u015ftir. 1865 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015flayan bu harek\u00e2t\u0131n ilk ikmal noktas\u0131 \u0130skenderun olmu\u015ftur. Bu s\u0131rada F\u0131rka-i Islahiye ordusu 28 May\u0131s 1865\u2019te \u0130skenderun\u2019a ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve burada lojistik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu yo\u011fun askeri hareketlilik \u015fehirde bir caminin in\u015fas\u0131n\u0131 zorunlu k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u00b9. Mevcut ama harap durumda olan bir cami F\u0131rka-i Islahiye\u2019ye ba\u011fl\u0131 Zafer, Nesim ve Mecidiye vapurlar\u0131 ile Osmanl\u0131 s\u00fcvarileri taraf\u0131ndan …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-61718","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gundem"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n