T\u00dcRK\u0130YE CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130<\/p>\n
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KARAR<\/p>\n
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FUAT \u015eENG\u00dcL BA\u015eVURUSU<\/p>\n
(Ba\u015fvuru Numaras\u0131: 2021\/32144)<\/p>\n
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Karar Tarihi: 30\/10\/2024<\/p>\n
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KARAR<\/p>\n
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Av. \u015eahide Sezin ATMACA<\/p>\n
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I. BA\u015eVURUNUN \u00d6ZET\u0130<\/p>\n
1. Ba\u015fvuru, devletin g\u00f6zetimi ve denetimi alt\u0131ndaki ki\u015finin fiziksel \u015fiddete u\u011framas\u0131 ve bu olay hakk\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen ceza yarg\u0131lamas\u0131n\u0131n etkisiz olmas\u0131 nedeniyle insan haysiyetiyle ba\u011fda\u015fmayan muamele yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fi iddias\u0131na ili\u015fkindir.<\/p>\n
2. Ba\u015fvurucu, polisler taraf\u0131ndan darbedildi\u011fi iddias\u0131yla 5\/7\/2010 tarihinde Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u015fvurmu\u015ftur. Ba\u015fvurucu, al\u0131nan beyan\u0131nda \u015fu iddialarda bulunmu\u015ftur:<\/p>\n
i. 4\/7\/2010 tarihinde, park h\u00e2lindeki motosikletinin yan\u0131na geldi\u011finde baz\u0131 ki\u015filerin motosikletini \u00e7ekiciye y\u00fcklemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu ki\u015filere motosikletin kendisine ait oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015f, bu ki\u015filer aras\u0131ndaki iki ki\u015fi polis kimliklerini g\u00f6stererek motosikletin \u00fczerinde haciz \u015ferhi oldu\u011fundan motosikleti yediemin otopark\u0131na g\u00f6t\u00fcreceklerini ifade etmi\u015ftir. Bu duruma kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nca polis memurlar\u0131 ehliyet ve ruhsat istemi\u015f, ehliyet ve ruhsat motosikletin bagaj\u0131nda oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in anahtar\u0131 motosikletin konta\u011f\u0131na takm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Polis memurlar\u0131 ka\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek kendisini iterek durdurmu\u015f, g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015f ve \u00fczerini aramak istemi\u015ftir. Polis memurlar\u0131ndan arama karar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermelerini talep etmi\u015f, polis memurlar\u0131, arama karar\u0131n\u0131 polis merkezinde g\u00f6stereceklerini ifade etmi\u015ftir. Bunun \u00fczerine polis memurlar\u0131yla y\u00fcksek sesle tart\u0131\u015fma ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, polis memurlar\u0131 kendisini kelep\u00e7esiz \u015fekilde polis merkezine g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
ii. Polis merkezine girdi\u011fi s\u0131rada bir polis memuru oday\u0131 g\u00f6ren g\u00fcvenlik kameras\u0131n\u0131 k\u00f6r noktaya \u00e7evirmi\u015f; bunun akabinde kendisini duvara dayam\u0131\u015f, s\u0131rt\u0131na vurmu\u015f ve bacaklar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7mas\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015ftir. Bacaklar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k vaziyette aranmak gururuna dokunmu\u015ftur. Bu sebeple bacaklar\u0131 kapal\u0131 \u015fekilde aramalar\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015ftir. Polis memuru sinirlenmi\u015f, kendisi y\u00fcz\u00fc duvara d\u00f6n\u00fck \u015fekildeyken arkas\u0131ndan y\u00fcz\u00fcne defalarca yumruk atm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Buna engel olmak i\u00e7in arkas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f, polis memurunun ellerini tutmak istemi\u015ftir. Polis memuru, di\u011fer polis memurlar\u0131 ile birlikte kendisini yere yat\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, kollar\u0131n\u0131 arkadan kelep\u00e7elemi\u015f ve kelep\u00e7eyi en son seviyeye gelecek \u015fekilde s\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Daha sonra polis memurlar\u0131, kelep\u00e7eden tutarak kendisini kald\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kollar\u0131 ac\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ba\u011f\u0131rmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, polis memurlar\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik kameras\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na girdiklerini fark etti\u011finde kendisini tekrar k\u00f6r noktaya \u00e7ekmi\u015ftir. Burada iki polis memuru midesine, kaburgas\u0131na ve \u00e7enesine yumruk atm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
iii. Birka\u00e7 saat boyunca polis merkezinde kollar\u0131 arkadan kelep\u00e7eli bi\u00e7imde bekletilmi\u015ftir. Sonras\u0131nda kollar\u0131 \u00f6nden kelep\u00e7eli bi\u00e7imde hastaneye g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bir polis memuru, muayeneyi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirecek hekimle g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr ancak kendisi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmenin i\u00e7eri\u011fini duyamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hekim, bir \u015fik\u00e2yeti olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sormu\u015ftur. Ellerinin kelep\u00e7eli olmas\u0131na ve hekimin polis memurlar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda muayene etmek istemesine tepki g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Bunun \u00fczerine hekim, kelep\u00e7esinin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesini istemi\u015ftir. Kelep\u00e7esi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcld\u00fckten sonra ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 olay\u0131n detaylar\u0131n\u0131 hekime anlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hekim bir rapor d\u00fczenlemi\u015f ancak raporu g\u00f6stermemi\u015f ancak hekimin herhangi bir darp ya da cebir izine rastlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f bildirdi\u011fini fark etmi\u015ftir. Yine kelep\u00e7eli olarak polis merkezine g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
iv. Polis memurlar\u0131ndan birisi n\u00f6bet\u00e7i Cumhuriyet savc\u0131s\u0131yla g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f, savc\u0131 serbest b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde talimat vermi\u015ftir. Bunun \u00fczerine kelep\u00e7esi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ve gidebilece\u011fi s\u00f6ylenmi\u015ftir. Bu s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde yak\u0131nlar\u0131na haber verememi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
3. Ba\u015fvurucunun \u015fik\u00e2yeti \u00fczerine Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nca ceza soru\u015fturmas\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, olaya d\u00e2hil olan polis memurlar\u0131n\u0131n \u015f\u00fcpheli s\u0131fat\u0131yla ifadeleri al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca ba\u015fvurucunun ifadesinde belirtti\u011fi adli rapor soru\u015fturma dosyas\u0131na getirtilmi\u015ftir. S\u00f6z konusu raporda ba\u015fvurucunun v\u00fccudunda herhangi bir darp ya da cebir izine rastlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tespit edilmi\u015ftir. Bununla birlikte Adnan Menderes \u00dcniversitesi T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi Adli T\u0131p Ana Bilim Dal\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenen22\/5\/2012 tarihli raporda yaralama fiilinin ba\u015fvurucu \u00fczerindeki etkisinin basit t\u0131bbi m\u00fcdahaleyle giderilebilecek \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde hafif olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
4. Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 26\/6\/2012 tarihinde yedi polis memuru hakk\u0131nda iddianame d\u00fczenlemi\u015f; iddianamede \u015f\u00fcpheli polislerin zor kullanma yetkisini a\u015fma, kasten yaralama veya g\u00f6revi k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullanma su\u00e7lar\u0131ndan bir ya da birka\u00e7\u0131ndan cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015f; ayr\u0131ca ba\u015fvurunun hakaret su\u00e7unu i\u015fledi\u011fini iddia etmi\u015ftir. Asliye Ceza Mahkemesi 10\/7\/2014 tarihinde;<\/p>\n
i. Ba\u015fvurucunun hakaret su\u00e7undan adli para cezas\u0131yla cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na ve bu h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131na,<\/p>\n
ii. San\u0131k be\u015f polisin zor kullanma yetkisinin a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 su\u00e7undan beraatine,<\/p>\n
iii. San\u0131k polis memurlar\u0131 M.G., M.\u00c7. ve S.S.nin kasten yaralama su\u00e7undan neticeten 5 ay hapis cezas\u0131yla cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na, S.S. hakk\u0131nda verilen h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131na, di\u011fer iki san\u0131k y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ise hapis cezas\u0131n\u0131n 3.000 TL adli para cezas\u0131na \u00e7evrilmesine karar vermi\u015ftir. Asliye Ceza Mahkemesi, \u00fc\u00e7 san\u0131k y\u00f6n\u00fcnden de temel cezay\u0131 alt s\u0131n\u0131rdan (1 y\u0131l hapis) belirleyip yaralama eyleminin kamu g\u00f6revlisinin n\u00fcfuzunu k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullanmak suretiyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi nedeniyle cezay\u0131 yar\u0131 oran\u0131nda art\u0131rm\u0131\u015f; san\u0131klar\u0131n ba\u015fvurucunun hakaret ve pasif direnme eyleminin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu k\u0131zg\u0131nl\u0131k nedeniyle su\u00e7u i\u015fledikleri gerek\u00e7esiyle cezada \u00fc\u00e7te iki oran\u0131nda haks\u0131z tahrik indirimi yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Asliye Ceza Mahkemesi son olarak takdir\u00ee indirime ba\u015fvurarak cezay\u0131 alt\u0131da bir oran\u0131nda indirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
5. Ba\u015fvurucu; S.S. hakk\u0131na verilen h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131na karar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 itiraz, beraat ve mahk\u00fbmiyet kararlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 temyiz kanun yoluna ba\u015fvurmu\u015ftur. S.S. hakk\u0131nda verilen h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin karar itiraz incelemesinde ge\u00e7erek kesinle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Yarg\u0131tay 5. Ceza Dairesi ba\u015fvurucu vekilinin, san\u0131k m\u00fcdafilerinin ve san\u0131k M.\u00c7.nin temyiz talepleriyle ilgili incelemesini 10\/6\/2019 tarihinde tamamlay\u0131p S.S., A.K. ve Y.C. hakk\u0131nda verilen beraat h\u00fck\u00fcmlerini onam\u0131\u015f; M.G. ve M.\u00c7.nin eylemlerinin kasten yaralama ve zor kullanma yetkisinin a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 su\u00e7lar\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ikiye b\u00f6l\u00fcnmeyece\u011fine i\u015faret ederek eylemin sadece zor kullanma yetkisine ili\u015fkin s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle kasten yaralama su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esiyle zor kullanma yetkisine ili\u015fkin s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle kasten yaralama su\u00e7undan ayr\u0131ca beraat kararlar\u0131n\u0131 bozmu\u015ftur. Yarg\u0131tay 5. Ceza Dairesi ayr\u0131ca Asliye Ceza Mahkemesinin kabul\u00fcne g\u00f6re de yasal olmayan yetersiz gerek\u00e7eyle h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131na yer olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na karar verildi\u011fini belirtmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
6. Asliye Ceza Mahkemesi bozma karar\u0131na uyup yarg\u0131lamay\u0131 17\/12\/2020 tarihinde sonu\u00e7land\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yarg\u0131lama sonunda san\u0131klar M.G. ile M.\u00c7.nin eyleminin zor kullanma yetkisine ili\u015fkin s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle kasten yaralama su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu kabul edilmi\u015f, temel ceza alt s\u0131n\u0131rdan belirlenip yaralama eyleminin kamu g\u00f6revlisinin n\u00fcfuzunu k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullanmak suretiyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi nedeniyle ceza yar\u0131 oran\u0131nda artt\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, cezada \u00fc\u00e7te iki oran\u0131nda haks\u0131z tahrik indirimi ile alt\u0131da bir oran\u0131nda takdir\u00ee indirim yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve san\u0131klar sonu\u00e7 olarak 5 ay hapis cezas\u0131na mahk\u00fbm edilmi\u015ftir ancak h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verilmi\u015ftir. Gerek\u00e7enin ilgili k\u0131sm\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
\u201c…<\/p>\n
Su\u00e7 tarihinde polis memurlar\u0131 san\u0131klar [M.G. ve M.\u00c7.nin] devriye g\u00f6revi yapt\u0131klar\u0131 s\u0131rada yol kenar\u0131nda geli\u015fi g\u00fczel parkedilmi\u015f olan 45 C 5… plakal\u0131 motorsikletin durumundan \u015f\u00fcphelenmeleri \u00fczerine sorgulama yapt\u0131klar\u0131nda s\u00f6z konusu motorsikletin hacizli ve yakalamal\u0131 oldu\u011funu anlamalar\u0131 \u00fczerine gerekli i\u015flemleri yapmak \u00fczere olay yerine \u00e7ekici \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131, bu s\u0131rada san\u0131k Fuat’\u0131n olay yerine gelerek motorsikletin kendisine ait oldu\u011funu beyan etmesi nedeniyle polis memurlar\u0131n\u0131n san\u0131k Fuat’dan arac\u0131n anahtar ve ruhsat\u0131n\u0131 istedikleri, ancak san\u0131k Fuat’\u0131n ruhsat\u0131 vermek \u00fczere motorsiklete bindi\u011finde arac\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaya gayret edip olay yerinden ayr\u0131lmak istedi\u011fi s\u0131rada san\u0131klar[M.G. ve M.\u00c7.] taraf\u0131ndan durduruldu\u011fu ve bu s\u0131rada san\u0131k Fuat’\u0131n polis memuru olan san\u0131klar[M.G. ve M.\u00c7.ye] y\u00f6nelik sinkafl\u0131 k\u00fcf\u00fcrler ile hakaret etti\u011fi, sonras\u0131nda san\u0131k Fuat’\u0131n i\u015flem yap\u0131lmak \u00fczere \u0130l\u00e7e Emniyet Amirli\u011fine g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, karakoldayken san\u0131k Fuat’\u0131n \u00fcst aramas\u0131 yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 s\u0131rada polis memurlar\u0131na direnmesi nedeniyle polis memuru olarak g\u00f6revli san\u0131klar [M.G. ve M.\u00c7.] taraf\u0131ndan zor kullanma yetkisi kullan\u0131larak kelep\u00e7e takmak suretiyle etkisiz hale getirildi\u011fi, ancak sonras\u0131nda san\u0131k Fuat’\u0131n elleri kelep\u00e7eliyken san\u0131klar[M.G. ve M.\u00c7.] taraf\u0131ndan basit t\u0131bbi m\u00fcdahale ile giderilmez \u015fekilde darp edildi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f… san\u0131klar\u0131n i\u015f bu eylemi m\u00fc\u015fteki san\u0131k Fuat’\u0131n hakaret ve pasif direnme eyleminin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu k\u0131zg\u0131nl\u0131k nedeniyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdikleri anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan san\u0131klar hakk\u0131nda taktiren Fuat\u0131n eylemlerinin haks\u0131zl\u0131k derecesi nazara al\u0131nrak TCK’nun 29. Maddesinin 2\/3 oran\u0131nda uygulanmas\u0131na, san\u0131klar\u0131n duru\u015fmalardaki sayg\u0131l\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 takdiri indirim nedeni say\u0131larak TCK.nun 62\/1 maddesi gere\u011fince cezas\u0131ndan 1\/6 oran\u0131nda indirim yap\u0131lmas\u0131na… san\u0131klar\u0131n ki\u015filik \u00f6zellikleri ile duru\u015fmadaki tutum ve davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde yeniden su\u00e7 i\u015flemeyece\u011fi hususunda mahkemede kanaat uyand\u0131rmas\u0131, olay sebebi ile olu\u015fan zarar\u0131n bulunmamas\u0131 san\u0131klar\u0131n h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geriye b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n kabul\u00fc g\u00f6z\u00f6n\u00fcnde al\u0131narak 5728 say\u0131l\u0131 yasa ile de\u011fi\u015fik 5271 say\u0131l\u0131 CMK’n\u0131n 231\/5 maddesi uyar\u0131nca san\u0131klar hakk\u0131ndaki h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131na… [karar verildi.]\u201d <\/p>\n
7. Ba\u015fvurucunun an\u0131lan karara itiraz\u0131 26\/2\/2021 tarihinde reddedilmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fvurucu nihai karar\u0131 23\/3\/2021 tarihinde \u00f6\u011frendikten sonra 20\/4\/2021 tarihinde bireysel ba\u015fvuruda bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
8. Ba\u015fvurunun kabul edilebilirlik ve esas incelemesinin B\u00f6l\u00fcm taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
II. DE\u011eERLEND\u0130RME<\/p>\n
9. Ba\u015fvurucu, g\u00f6zalt\u0131ndayken darbedildi\u011fi iddias\u0131yla ilgili y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen ceza yarg\u0131lamas\u0131n\u0131n uzun s\u00fcrmesinden ve ciddi \u015fekilde yaralanmas\u0131na sebep olacak \u015fekilde fiziksel \u015fiddete u\u011framas\u0131na ra\u011fmen san\u0131klar hakk\u0131nda cezas\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa yol a\u00e7acak \u015fekilde h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verilmesinden \u015fik\u00e2yet etmi\u015ftir. Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde somut olay\u0131n kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc ko\u015fullar\u0131n dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi ifade edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
10. Ba\u015fvuru, k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele yasa\u011f\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda incelenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
11. A\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a dayanaktan yoksun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kabul edilemezli\u011fine karar verilmesini gerektirecek ba\u015fka bir neden de bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lan ba\u015fvurunun kabul edilebilir oldu\u011funa karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
12. Kolluk g\u00f6revlilerinin g\u00fc\u00e7 kullanmas\u0131 sonucunda meydana gelen yaralama olaylar\u0131yla ilgili ba\u015fvurularda k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n negatif y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011fe ili\u015fkin maddi boyutu ile etkili soru\u015fturma y\u00fcr\u00fctme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ili\u015fkin usul boyutunun ihlal edildi\u011fine ili\u015fkin \u015fik\u00e2yetlerin incelenmesinde dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken ilkelere \u015fimdiye kadar verilen bir\u00e7ok kararda yer verilmi\u015ftir (bu ilkeler i\u00e7in bir\u00e7ok karar aras\u0131ndan bkz. Cezmi Demir ve di\u011ferleri, B. No: 2013\/293, 17\/7\/2014, \u00a7\u00a7 80, 83, 95, 111, 112, 114-117; Ali R\u0131za \u00d6zer ve di\u011ferleri [GK], B. No: 2013\/3924, 6\/1\/2015, \u00a7\u00a7 72, 74, 75, 81, 83, 101-103; S.D., B. No: 2013\/3017, 16\/12\/2015, \u00a7\u00a7 89, 90; Cengiz Kahraman ve Kenan \u00d6zy\u00fcrek, B. No: 2013\/8137, 20\/4\/2016, \u00a7 95; Ferit Kurt ve di\u011ferleri, B. No: 2018\/9957, 8\/6\/2021, \u00a7 74; Tahir Canan, B. No: 2012\/969, 18\/9\/2013, \u00a7 25; Cebrail Bekta\u015f ve Y\u00fcksel \u015eahin, B. No: 2015\/4787, 25\/9\/2019, \u00a7 64).<\/p>\n
13. Olas\u0131 cezai sorumlulu\u011fun tespiti ad\u0131na y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen soru\u015fturma sonras\u0131nda kovu\u015fturma evresine ge\u00e7ilmi\u015f ise bu a\u015faman\u0131n da Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesinin gereklerine cevap verebilecek nitelikte olmas\u0131 gerekir (Ferit Kurt ve di\u011ferleri, \u00a7 79).<\/p>\n
14. B\u00fct\u00fcn kovu\u015fturmalar\u0131n mahk\u00fbmiyet veya belirli bir cezayla sonu\u00e7lanmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik kesin bir zorunluluk bulunmamaktad\u0131r ancak mahkemeler, hi\u00e7bir ko\u015ful alt\u0131nda ya\u015fam\u0131 tehdit eden su\u00e7lar ile fiziksel ve ruhsal b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011fe yap\u0131lan a\u011f\u0131r sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n cezas\u0131z kalmas\u0131na veya af ya da zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131na u\u011framas\u0131na izin vermemeli; sorumlulara yapt\u0131r\u0131m uygulamakta kararl\u0131 olmal\u0131 ve su\u00e7un a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k derecesi ile verdikleri ceza aras\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131k bir orant\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bulunmamas\u0131na dikkat etmelidir (Cezmi Demir ve di\u011ferleri, B. No: 2013\/293, 17\/7\/2014, \u00a7 77; Umut Tama\u00e7, B. No: 2014\/13514, 18\/7\/2018, \u00a7 85). Aksi y\u00f6ndeki uygulamalar, eylemleriyle k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ihlal eden kolluk g\u00f6revlilerinin cezas\u0131z kalmalar\u0131na ya da gerekti\u011fi gibi cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmamalar\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar ki bu durum; cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k sa\u011flanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in etkili ceza soru\u015fturmas\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a zedelenmesine, ki\u015filerin fiziksel ve ruhsal b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fcklerini korumak i\u00e7in olu\u015fturulan mevzuat\u0131n etkili \u015fekilde uygulanmamas\u0131na, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ki\u015filerin fiziksel ve ruhsal b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fcklerini idari ve yasal mevzuat arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla koruma konusundaki pozitif y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn yerine getirilememesine sebebiyet verir (baz\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fikliklerle birlikte bkz. \u015eenol G\u00fcrkan, B. No: 2013\/2438, 9\/9\/2015, \u00a7\u00a7 84, 105; ya\u015fam hakk\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden yap\u0131lan benzer de\u011ferlendirmeler i\u00e7in bkz. Seyfullah Turan ve di\u011ferleri, B. No: 2014\/1982, 9\/11\/2017, \u00a7 162; Narin Kurt [GK], B. No: 2018\/2540, 1\/12\/2022, \u00a7 105). Ayr\u0131ca s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen uygulamalar nedeniyle -olay nedeniyle meydana gelen maddi ve manevi zararlar giderilmi\u015f, ayn\u0131 zamanda fail veya failler yeterli disiplin cezalar\u0131 ile cezaland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olsalar da- ma\u011fdurlara uygun ve yeterli giderim sa\u011flanmam\u0131\u015f olur (ya\u015fam hakk\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden yap\u0131lan benzer de\u011ferlendirmeler i\u00e7in bkz. Narin Kurt, \u00a7 111). Bu sebeple kamu g\u00fcveninin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesi ve hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn sa\u011flanmas\u0131 ad\u0131na mahkemelerin takdir haklar\u0131n\u0131 bu t\u00fcr eylemlere m\u00fcsamaha edilmeyece\u011fini g\u00f6stermek i\u00e7in kullanmalar\u0131 ve takdir hakk\u0131n\u0131n su\u00e7un sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n hafifletilmesi i\u00e7in kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde bir izlenim olu\u015fmas\u0131na neden olmamalar\u0131 gerekir (Naif Bal (3), B. No: 2020\/6966, 15\/5\/2024, \u00a7 31; ya\u015fam hakk\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde yap\u0131lan ayn\u0131 y\u00f6ndeki de\u011ferlendirme i\u00e7in bkz. Cembeli Erdem, B. No: 2014\/19077, 18\/4\/2018, \u00a7\u00a7 100-102; Narin Kurt, \u00a7 109).<\/p>\n
15. Anayasa Mahkemesine g\u00f6re h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verilmesi veya sonu\u00e7 ceza olarak adli para cezas\u0131na h\u00fckmedilmesi, benzer k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele fiillerinin \u00f6nlenmesinde cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bir etki do\u011furmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi kamu g\u00f6revlilerinin kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu t\u00fcr eylemlere m\u00fcsamaha g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi veya kay\u0131ts\u0131z kal\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 izlenimi olu\u015fmas\u0131na sebebiyet verebilmektedir (S.D., \u00a7\u00a7 101, 103; Edip Elma ve di\u011ferleri, B. No: 2015\/14826, 18\/4\/2019, \u00a7 56).<\/p>\n
16. Ba\u015fvuruya konu yarg\u0131lamada asliye ceza mahkemesi; polis memurlar\u0131 M.G., M.\u00c7. ve S.S.nin ba\u015fvurucuyu darbettiklerini tespit edip bu san\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu eylemlerden sorumlu tutmu\u015ftur (bkz. \u00a7\u00a7 4-6). Bununla birlikte Asliye Ceza Mahkemesi darbetme eylemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucunun savunmas\u0131z ve kelep\u00e7eli oldu\u011funu g\u00f6zetmeden, ba\u015fvurucunun san\u0131klara hakaret edip pasif direndi\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle \u00fcstelik \u00fc\u00e7te iki gibi y\u00fcksek bir oranda cezada indirim yap\u0131p san\u0131klar hakk\u0131nda kurdu\u011fu h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131na karar vermi\u015ftir. Cezan\u0131n bireyselle\u015ftirilmesi konusundaki bu uygulamalar, \u015f\u00fcphesiz ba\u015fvurucuya uygun ve yeterli giderim sa\u011flanmamas\u0131na ve takdir hakk\u0131n\u0131n su\u00e7un sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n hafifletilmesi i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde bir izlenim olu\u015fmas\u0131na sebebiyet vermi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca ba\u015fvurudaki hi\u00e7bir unsur yarg\u0131sal s\u00fcrecin bu denli uzamas\u0131n\u0131 hakl\u0131 k\u0131lmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen ba\u015fvurucunun yaralanmas\u0131 olay\u0131 hakk\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen soru\u015fturma ve kovu\u015fturma s\u00fcreci 10 y\u0131l 7 ay\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n bir s\u00fcrede sonland\u0131r\u0131labilmi\u015ftir. Bu nedenlerle k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n maddi ve usul boyutlar\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fi sonucuna var\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Anayasa Mahkemesinin Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131nda yasaklanan muamelelerle ilgili de\u011ferlendirmelerine g\u00f6re ba\u015fvurunun yaralanmas\u0131na neden olan muamele, insan haysiyetiyle ba\u011fda\u015fmayan bir muamele olarak kabul edilebilir (bahsi ge\u00e7en muamelelerle ilgili ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamalar i\u00e7in bir\u00e7ok karar aras\u0131ndan bkz. Cezmi Demir ve di\u011ferleri, \u00a7\u00a7 84-91; S.D., \u00a7\u00a7 84-88).<\/p>\n
17. A\u00e7\u0131klanan gerek\u00e7elerle Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesinde g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan insan haysiyetiyle ba\u011fda\u015fmayan muamele yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n maddi ve usul boyutlar\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
III. G\u0130DER\u0130M <\/p>\n
18. Ba\u015fvurucu, yeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lmas\u0131na ve manevi tazminat olarak 150.000 TL \u00f6denmesine karar verilmesini talep etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
19. Ba\u015fvuruda tespit edilen hak ihlalinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lmas\u0131nda hukuki yarar bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu kapsamda karar\u0131n g\u00f6nderildi\u011fi yarg\u0131 mercilerince yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken i\u015f, yeniden yarg\u0131lama i\u015flemlerini ba\u015flatmak ve Anayasa Mahkemesini ihlal sonucuna ula\u015ft\u0131ran nedenleri gideren, ihlal karar\u0131nda belirtilen ilkelere uygun yeni bir karar vermektir (Mehmet Do\u011fan [GK], B. No: 2014\/8875, 7\/6\/2018, \u00a7\u00a7 54-60; Alig\u00fcl Alkaya ve di\u011ferleri (2), B. No: 2016\/12506, 7\/11\/2019, \u00a7\u00a7 53-60, 66; Kadri Enis Berbero\u011flu (3) [GK], B. No: 2020\/32949, 21\/1\/2021, \u00a7\u00a7 93-100). Ayr\u0131ca manevi zarar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucuya talebine ba\u011fl\u0131 kal\u0131narak net 150.000 TL manevi tazminat \u00f6denmesine karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
IV. H\u00dcK\u00dcM<\/p>\n
A\u00e7\u0131klanan gerek\u00e7elerle;<\/p>\n
A. K\u00f6t\u00fc muamele yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine ili\u015fkin iddian\u0131n KABUL ED\u0130LEB\u0130L\u0130R OLDU\u011eUNA,<\/p>\n
B. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesinde g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan insan haysiyetiyle ba\u011fda\u015fmayan k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n maddi ve usul boyutlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0130HLAL ED\u0130LD\u0130\u011e\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
C. Karar\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011finin insan haysiyetiyle ba\u011fda\u015fmayan k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ihlalinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lmak \u00fczere Ku\u015fadas\u0131 1. Asliye Ceza Mahkemesine (E.2019\/655, K.2020\/485) G\u00d6NDER\u0130LMES\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
D. Ba\u015fvurucuya net 150.000 TL manevi tazminat \u00d6DENMES\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
E. 487,60 TL har\u00e7 ve 30.000 TL vek\u00e2let \u00fccretinden olu\u015fan toplam 30.487,60 TL yarg\u0131lama giderinin ba\u015fvurucuya \u00d6DENMES\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
F. \u00d6demelerin karar\u0131n tebli\u011fini takiben ba\u015fvurucunun Hazine ve Maliye Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u015fvuru tarihinden itibaren d\u00f6rt ay i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lmas\u0131na, \u00f6demede gecikme olmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde bu s\u00fcrenin sona erdi\u011fi tarihten \u00f6deme tarihine kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre i\u00e7in yasal FA\u0130Z UYGULANMASINA,<\/p>\n
G. Karar\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011finin Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na G\u00d6NDER\u0130LMES\u0130NE 30\/10\/2024 tarihinde OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE karar verildi.<\/p>\n
\u200bAnayasa Mahkemesi’nin 30\/10\/2024 tarihli ve 2021\/32144 ba\u015fvuru numaral\u0131 karar\u0131\u00a0Hukuki Haber<\/p>\n
Haberin Al\u0131nt\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kaynak: www.hukukihaber.net<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u00dcRK\u0130YE CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130 ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0130K\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM \u00a0 KARAR \u00a0 FUAT \u015eENG\u00dcL BA\u015eVURUSU (Ba\u015fvuru Numaras\u0131: 2021\/32144) \u00a0 Karar Tarihi: 30\/10\/2024 \u0130K\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM \u00a0 KARAR \u00a0 \u00a0 Ba\u015fkan : Basri BA\u011eCI \u00dcyeler : Engin YILDIRIM \u00a0 \u00a0 R\u0131dvan G\u00dcLE\u00c7 \u00a0 \u00a0 Kenan YA\u015eAR \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00d6mer \u00c7INAR Raport\u00f6r : Batuhan Salim YE\u015e\u0130LK\u00d6Y Ba\u015fvurucu : Fuat \u015eENG\u00dcL Vekili : Av. \u015eahide Sezin ATMACA \u00a0 I. BA\u015eVURUNUN \u00d6ZET\u0130 1. Ba\u015fvuru, devletin g\u00f6zetimi ve denetimi alt\u0131ndaki ki\u015finin fiziksel \u015fiddete u\u011framas\u0131 ve bu olay hakk\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen ceza yarg\u0131lamas\u0131n\u0131n etkisiz olmas\u0131 nedeniyle insan haysiyetiyle ba\u011fda\u015fmayan muamele yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fi iddias\u0131na ili\u015fkindir. 2. Ba\u015fvurucu, polisler taraf\u0131ndan darbedildi\u011fi iddias\u0131yla 5\/7\/2010 tarihinde Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u015fvurmu\u015ftur. Ba\u015fvurucu, al\u0131nan beyan\u0131nda \u015fu iddialarda bulunmu\u015ftur: i. 4\/7\/2010 tarihinde, park h\u00e2lindeki motosikletinin yan\u0131na geldi\u011finde baz\u0131 ki\u015filerin motosikletini \u00e7ekiciye y\u00fcklemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu ki\u015filere motosikletin kendisine ait oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015f, bu ki\u015filer aras\u0131ndaki iki ki\u015fi polis kimliklerini g\u00f6stererek motosikletin \u00fczerinde haciz \u015ferhi oldu\u011fundan motosikleti yediemin otopark\u0131na g\u00f6t\u00fcreceklerini ifade etmi\u015ftir. Bu duruma kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nca polis memurlar\u0131 ehliyet ve ruhsat istemi\u015f, ehliyet ve ruhsat motosikletin bagaj\u0131nda oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in anahtar\u0131 motosikletin konta\u011f\u0131na takm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Polis memurlar\u0131 ka\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek kendisini iterek durdurmu\u015f, g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015f ve \u00fczerini aramak istemi\u015ftir. Polis memurlar\u0131ndan arama karar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermelerini talep etmi\u015f, polis memurlar\u0131, arama karar\u0131n\u0131 …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-34418","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hukukihaber"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n