{"id":2068,"date":"2024-10-13T00:00:56","date_gmt":"2024-10-12T21:00:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/denizcankizil.tr\/?p=2068"},"modified":"2024-10-13T00:02:44","modified_gmt":"2024-10-12T21:02:44","slug":"bosanma-sebepleri-ve-bosanmanin-mali-sonuclari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/denizcankizil.tr\/ru\/koseyazilari\/bosanma-sebepleri-ve-bosanmanin-mali-sonuclari\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u0412\u0445\u043e\u0434
Bu makale, bo\u015fanma sebepleri, ilgili kanun maddeleri ve Yarg\u0131tay i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eren kapsaml\u0131 bir inceleme sunmaktad\u0131r. Bo\u015fanma davalar\u0131, T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu ve di\u011fer yasal d\u00fczenlemeler \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde ele al\u0131nmakta olup, \u00f6zellikle kusur ilkesi ve Yarg\u0131tay’\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli kararlar\u0131na yer verilmi\u015ftir. Bu kapsamda, bo\u015fanma sebeplerine, hukuki dayanaklara ve ilgili i\u00e7tihatlara odaklanaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bo\u015fanma Sebepleri
T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu (TMK) bo\u015fanma sebeplerini genel ve \u00f6zel sebepler olarak iki ana kategoriye ay\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Genel bo\u015fanma sebepleri aras\u0131nda evlilik birli\u011finin sars\u0131lmas\u0131 ve ak\u0131l hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunurken, \u00f6zel bo\u015fanma sebepleri zina, hayata kast, pek k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele, y\u00fcz k\u0131zart\u0131c\u0131 su\u00e7 i\u015fleme, haysiyetsiz hayat s\u00fcrme ve terk gibi durumlar\u0131 kapsamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Evlilik Birli\u011finin Temelinden Sars\u0131lmas\u0131
TMK madde 166’ya g\u00f6re, evlilik birli\u011finin temelinden sars\u0131lmas\u0131, e\u015fler aras\u0131nda ortak hayat\u0131n devam\u0131n\u0131n beklenemeyecek derecede sars\u0131lmas\u0131 durumudur. Bu maddeye g\u00f6re, mahkeme, evlili\u011fin devam\u0131n\u0131n taraflar i\u00e7in \u00e7ekilmez hale geldi\u011fine kanaat getirirse bo\u015fanmaya karar verebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ak\u0131l Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131
TMK madde 165’e g\u00f6re, e\u015flerden birinin ak\u0131l hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunmas\u0131 ve bu hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n di\u011fer e\u015f i\u00e7in ortak hayat\u0131 \u00e7ekilmez k\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde, bo\u015fanma davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131labilir. Bu durumda, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n tedavi edilemez oldu\u011funun sa\u011fl\u0131k kurulu raporu ile belgelenmesi gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6zel Bo\u015fanma Sebepleri
Zina
TMK madde 161, zinay\u0131, bo\u015fanma sebepleri aras\u0131nda saymaktad\u0131r. Zinaya dayal\u0131 bo\u015fanma davas\u0131, e\u015flerden birinin zina fiilini \u00f6\u011frenmesinden itibaren alt\u0131 ay ve her hal\u00fckarda zina fiilinin \u00fczerinden be\u015f y\u0131l ge\u00e7mekle d\u00fc\u015fer. Affedilmi\u015fse dava hakk\u0131 ortadan kalkar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hayata Kast, Pek K\u00f6t\u00fc Muamele veya Onur K\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 Davran\u0131\u015f
TMK madde 162’ye g\u00f6re, e\u015flerden birinin di\u011fer e\u015fin hayat\u0131na kast etmesi, ona pek k\u00f6t\u00fc muamelede bulunmas\u0131 veya onur k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flar sergilemesi bo\u015fanma sebebi olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu durumda da dava a\u00e7ma s\u00fcresi, olay\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenilmesinden itibaren alt\u0131 ay ve her hal\u00fckarda fiilin \u00fczerinden be\u015f y\u0131l ge\u00e7mekle d\u00fc\u015fer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Y\u00fcz K\u0131zart\u0131c\u0131 Su\u00e7 \u0130\u015fleme ve Haysiyetsiz Hayat S\u00fcrme
TMK madde 163, e\u015flerden birinin k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc bir su\u00e7 i\u015flemesi veya haysiyetsiz bir hayat s\u00fcrmesi durumunda di\u011fer e\u015fin bo\u015fanma davas\u0131 a\u00e7abilece\u011fini h\u00fckme ba\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu durumlar, evlilik birli\u011fini ciddi \u015fekilde zedelemekte ve ortak hayat\u0131 \u00e7ekilmez k\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Terk
TMK madde 164’e g\u00f6re, e\u015flerden biri evlilik birli\u011finden do\u011fan y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerini yerine getirmemek amac\u0131yla di\u011fer e\u015fi terk ederse veya hakl\u0131 bir sebep olmadan ortak konuta d\u00f6nmezse, terk edilen e\u015f, en az d\u00f6rt ay s\u00fcre ge\u00e7tikten sonra ihtarda bulunarak bo\u015fanma davas\u0131 a\u00e7abilir. \u0130htar\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131ndan itibaren iki ay i\u00e7inde e\u015f ortak konuta d\u00f6nmezse, bo\u015fanma davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kanun Maddeleri
T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu\u2019nun ilgili bo\u015fanma maddeleri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da detayland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Madde 161 – Zina
“E\u015flerden biri zina ederse, di\u011fer e\u015f bo\u015fanma davas\u0131 a\u00e7abilir. Davaya hakk\u0131 olan e\u015fin, zinay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmesinden ba\u015flayarak alt\u0131 ay ve her h\u00e2lde zinan\u0131n \u00fczerinden be\u015f y\u0131l ge\u00e7mekle dava hakk\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fer. Affeden taraf\u0131n dava hakk\u0131 yoktur.”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Madde 162 – Hayata Kast, Pek K\u00f6t\u00fc veya Onur K\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 Davran\u0131\u015f
“E\u015flerden her biri, di\u011ferinin hayat\u0131na kastetmesi veya kendisine pek fena muamelede bulunmas\u0131 ya da a\u011f\u0131r derecede onur k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flarda bulunmas\u0131 nedeniyle bo\u015fanma davas\u0131 a\u00e7abilir. Davaya hakk\u0131 olan e\u015fin, bu sebepleri \u00f6\u011frenmesinden ba\u015flayarak alt\u0131 ay ve her h\u00e2lde fiilin \u00fczerinden be\u015f y\u0131l ge\u00e7mekle dava hakk\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fer. Affeden taraf\u0131n dava hakk\u0131 yoktur.”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Madde 163 – Su\u00e7 \u0130\u015fleme ve Haysiyetsiz Hayat S\u00fcrme
“E\u015flerden biri k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc bir su\u00e7 i\u015fler veya haysiyetsiz bir hayat s\u00fcrer ve bu sebeple di\u011fer e\u015f i\u00e7in ortak hayat\u0131n devam\u0131 \u00e7ekilmez h\u00e2le gelirse, bu e\u015f her zaman bo\u015fanma davas\u0131 a\u00e7abilir.”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Madde 164 – Terk
“E\u015flerden biri, evlilik birli\u011finden do\u011fan y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerini yerine getirmemek maksad\u0131yla di\u011fer e\u015fi terk etti\u011fi veya hakl\u0131 bir sebep olmaks\u0131z\u0131n ortak konuta d\u00f6nmedi\u011fi takdirde, terk edilen e\u015fin bo\u015fanma davas\u0131 a\u00e7abilmesi i\u00e7in, terkin \u00fczerinden en az d\u00f6rt ay ge\u00e7mi\u015f ve istem \u00fczerine yap\u0131lan ihtar\u0131n sonu\u00e7suz kalm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekir. \u0130htar, e\u015fin mahkeme veya noter arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla yap\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130htar\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihten ba\u015flayarak iki ay i\u00e7inde d\u00f6nmeyen e\u015f aleyhine, terk sebebiyle bo\u015fanma davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131labilir.”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Madde 165 – Ak\u0131l Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131
“E\u015flerden biri ak\u0131l hastas\u0131 olup da bu y\u00fczden ortak hayat di\u011fer e\u015f i\u00e7in \u00e7ekilmez h\u00e2le gelirse; hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ge\u00e7mesine imk\u00e2n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 resm\u00ee sa\u011fl\u0131k kurulu raporuyla tespit edilmek \u015fart\u0131yla, bu e\u015f bo\u015fanma davas\u0131 a\u00e7abilir.”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yarg\u0131tay \u0130\u00e7tihatlar\u0131
Yarg\u0131tay i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131, bo\u015fanma davalar\u0131n\u0131n karar s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde \u00f6nemli bir yer tutmaktad\u0131r. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da, Yarg\u0131tay\u2019\u0131n baz\u0131 \u00f6nemli kararlar\u0131 \u00f6zetlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Evlilik Birli\u011finin Sars\u0131lmas\u0131
Yarg\u0131tay, evlilik birli\u011finin sars\u0131lmas\u0131 sebebiyle a\u00e7\u0131lan bo\u015fanma davalar\u0131nda, taraflar\u0131n ortak ya\u015fam\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmelerinin kendilerinden beklenmeyecek derecede zedelendi\u011fini kan\u0131tlamak zorunda olduklar\u0131n\u0131 vurgulamaktad\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Yarg\u0131tay 2. Hukuk Dairesi\u2019nin 2008\/13614 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda, e\u015flerin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 olarak birbirlerine kar\u015f\u0131 sadakat y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerini ihlal etmeleri ve s\u00fcrekli tart\u0131\u015fmalar ya\u015famalar\u0131 evlilik birli\u011finin temelinden sars\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na h\u00fckmedilmi\u015ftir .<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zina
Yarg\u0131tay, zina sebebiyle a\u00e7\u0131lan bo\u015fanma davalar\u0131nda, zinan\u0131n ispat\u0131n\u0131n kesin delillere dayanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirtmi\u015ftir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Yarg\u0131tay 2. Hukuk Dairesi\u2019nin 2014\/25574 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda, zina yapan e\u015fin bu fiilinin g\u00fcvenilir delillerle ispatlanmas\u0131n\u0131n zorunlu oldu\u011fu vurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu delillerin, foto\u011fraflar, mesaj kay\u0131tlar\u0131 veya tan\u0131k beyanlar\u0131 gibi kesin ve inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 olmas\u0131 gerekmektedir .<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Terk
Terk sebebiyle a\u00e7\u0131lan bo\u015fanma davalar\u0131nda, Yarg\u0131tay, ihtar\u0131n usul\u00fcne uygun yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve terk eden e\u015fin bu ihtardan sonra makul bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde eve d\u00f6nmemesini aramaktad\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Yarg\u0131tay 2. Hukuk Dairesi\u2019nin 2009\/24882 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda, ihtar\u0131n noter arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n ve ihtar s\u00fcresinin dolmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen e\u015fin eve d\u00f6nmemesinin bo\u015fanma sebebi say\u0131labilece\u011fine h\u00fckmedilmi\u015ftir .<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hayata Kast, Pek K\u00f6t\u00fc Muamele ve Onur K\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 Davran\u0131\u015flar
Yarg\u0131tay, bu t\u00fcr davalarda, ma\u011fdur e\u015fin maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele veya onur k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n ciddiyetini ve s\u00fcreklili\u011fini dikkate almaktad\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Yarg\u0131tay 2. Hukuk Dairesi\u2019nin 2015\/16474 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda, e\u015flerden birinin di\u011ferine s\u00fcrekli olarak fiziksel \u015fiddet uygulamas\u0131 ve bu durumun sa\u011fl\u0131k raporlar\u0131 ile belgelenmesi, bo\u015fanma sebebi olarak kabul edilmi\u015ftir .<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kusur \u0130lkesi ve Bo\u015fanmada Kusur Tespiti
Bo\u015fanma davalar\u0131nda kusur tespiti, taraflar\u0131n birbirlerine kar\u015f\u0131 olan y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerini ihlal etmeleri durumunda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Kusur ilkesi, bo\u015fanma sebebi olan olaylar\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesinde ve bo\u015fanma karar\u0131n\u0131n verilmesinde \u00f6nemli bir rol oynamaktad\u0131r. Yarg\u0131tay, kusurun tespitinde taraflar\u0131n davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131, evlilik birli\u011fi i\u00e7indeki rollerini ve birbirlerine kar\u015f\u0131 tutumlar\u0131n\u0131 dikkate al\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yarg\u0131tay Kararlar\u0131 ve Kusur Tespiti
Yarg\u0131tay, bo\u015fanma davalar\u0131nda kusur tespitine ili\u015fkin kararlar\u0131nda, taraflar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 iddialar\u0131n\u0131 ve delilleri detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde de\u011ferlendirir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Yarg\u0131tay 2. Hukuk Dairesi\u2019nin 2016\/1863 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda, e\u015flerin birbirlerine kar\u015f\u0131 sadakat y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ihlal etmeleri ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 hakaretlerde bulunmalar\u0131 durumunda, her iki taraf\u0131n da kusurlu oldu\u011funa h\u00fckmedilmi\u015ftir .<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sonu\u00e7
Bu makale, T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu\u2019nun bo\u015fanma sebeplerini, ilgili kanun maddelerini ve Yarg\u0131tay i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131n\u0131 kapsaml\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ele alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bo\u015fanma davalar\u0131nda kusur tespiti ve Yarg\u0131tay\u2019\u0131n i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131, mahkemelerin bo\u015fanma kararlar\u0131n\u0131 verirken dikkate ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nemli unsurlard\u0131r. Evlilik birli\u011finin sars\u0131lmas\u0131, zina, terk, hayata kast, pek k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele ve onur k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flar gibi sebepler, bo\u015fanma davalar\u0131n\u0131n temel dayanaklar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamda, taraflar\u0131n hak ve y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerini do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde anlamalar\u0131 ve hukuki s\u00fcre\u00e7te gerekli delilleri sunmalar\u0131, adil ve do\u011fru bir bo\u015fanma karar\u0131n\u0131n verilmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kaynak\u00e7a
\u0413\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441 \u0422\u0443\u0440\u0446\u0438\u0438
Yarg\u0131tay Kararlar\u0131
Hukuk Doktrinleri ve Makaleler
Bu makale, bo\u015fanma sebepleri, ilgili kanun maddeleri ve Yarg\u0131tay i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eren geni\u015f bir perspektif sunmay\u0131 ama\u00e7lam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Evlilik birli\u011finin sars\u0131lmas\u0131, zina, terk, hayata kast, pek k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele ve onur k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flar gibi bo\u015fanma sebeplerinin hukuki de\u011ferlendirmesi, taraflar\u0131n haklar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nem arz etmektedir. Bu do\u011frultuda, hukuk sistemimizin sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fczenlemeler ve yarg\u0131 kararlar\u0131, adil ve etkili bir bo\u015fanma s\u00fcreci i\u00e7in rehber niteli\u011findedir.

Bo\u015fanman\u0131n Mali Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131: Maddi Tazminat, Manevi Tazminat ve Yoksulluk Nafakas\u0131
\u0412\u0445\u043e\u0434<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bo\u015fanma, evlilik birli\u011finin sona ermesiyle birlikte e\u015flerin ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n hukuki, ekonomik ve sosyal stat\u00fclerinde \u00f6nemli de\u011fi\u015fiklikler meydana getirir. T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu (TMK), bo\u015fanman\u0131n mali sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde d\u00fczenlemi\u015ftir. Bu makalede, bo\u015fanman\u0131n mali sonu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan maddi tazminat, manevi tazminat ve yoksulluk nafakas\u0131 incelenecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bo\u015fanman\u0131n Kavramsal \u00c7er\u00e7evesi<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bo\u015fanma, evlilik birli\u011finin mahkeme karar\u0131yla sona erdirilmesidir. TMK, bo\u015fanman\u0131n nedenlerini ve s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde d\u00fczenlemi\u015ftir. Bo\u015fanma sebepleri genel ve \u00f6zel sebepler olarak ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Genel sebepler, evlilik birli\u011finin temelden sars\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi durumlar\u0131 i\u00e7erirken, \u00f6zel sebepler zina, hayata kast, pek k\u00f6t\u00fc veya onur k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 davran\u0131\u015f, su\u00e7 i\u015fleme ve haysiyetsiz hayat s\u00fcrme gibi durumlar\u0131 kapsar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Maddi Tazminat<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Maddi tazminat, bo\u015fanma sonucu bir e\u015fin di\u011fer e\u015ften talep edebilece\u011fi mali bir hakt\u0131r. TMK m.174’e g\u00f6re, bo\u015fanma y\u00fcz\u00fcnden mevcut veya beklenen menfaatleri bo\u015fanma y\u00fcz\u00fcnden zedelenen taraf, kusursuz veya daha az kusurlu olmas\u0131 ko\u015fuluyla di\u011fer taraftan uygun bir maddi tazminat isteyebilir. Bu tazminat\u0131n belirlenmesinde, tazminat talep edenin kusursuz veya daha az kusurlu olmas\u0131, zarar ve uygun illiyet ba\u011f\u0131 aran\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Maddi Tazminat\u0131n Hukuki Niteli\u011fi ve Ko\u015fullar\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Maddi tazminat\u0131n hukuki niteli\u011fi, bo\u015fanma ile zedelenen mevcut veya beklenen menfaatlerin giderilmesine y\u00f6neliktir. Tazminat talep edebilmek i\u00e7in bo\u015fanma karar\u0131n\u0131n kesinle\u015fmi\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekir. Tazminat miktar\u0131 belirlenirken, taraflar\u0131n ekonomik durumlar\u0131 ve kusur oranlar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Maddi Tazminat Miktar\u0131n\u0131n Belirlenmesi ve \u00d6denmesi<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Maddi tazminat miktar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi, taraflar\u0131n mali durumlar\u0131, bo\u015fanma sebebiyle u\u011frad\u0131klar\u0131 zarar ve bu zarar\u0131n gelecekteki etkileri g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurularak yap\u0131l\u0131r. Tazminat genellikle nakit olarak \u00f6denir, ancak baz\u0131 durumlarda taksitlendirme de m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Manevi Tazminat<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Manevi tazminat, bo\u015fanma sebebiyle ki\u015filik haklar\u0131 zedelenen taraf\u0131n talep edebilece\u011fi bir di\u011fer mali hakt\u0131r. TMK m.174\/2’ye g\u00f6re, bo\u015fanmaya sebep olan olaylar nedeniyle ki\u015filik haklar\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131ya u\u011frayan taraf, kusurlu olan di\u011fer taraftan manevi tazminat talep edebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Manevi Tazminat\u0131n Hukuki Niteli\u011fi ve Ko\u015fullar\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Manevi tazminat\u0131n hukuki niteli\u011fi, ki\u015filik haklar\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edilmesi nedeniyle duyulan ac\u0131 ve \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fcn\u00fcn bir nebze olsun giderilmesine y\u00f6neliktir. Manevi tazminat talep edebilmek i\u00e7in de bo\u015fanma karar\u0131n\u0131n kesinle\u015fmi\u015f olmas\u0131 ve tazminat talep edenin kusursuz veya daha az kusurlu olmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Manevi Tazminat Miktar\u0131n\u0131n Belirlenmesi ve \u00d6denmesi<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Manevi tazminat miktar\u0131 belirlenirken, ki\u015filik haklar\u0131n\u0131n ihlalinin derecesi, taraflar\u0131n ekonomik ve sosyal durumlar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131n\u0131r. Manevi tazminat genellikle nakit olarak \u00f6denir ve miktar\u0131 mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan takdir edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0410\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043f\u043e \u0431\u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yoksulluk nafakas\u0131, bo\u015fanma sonucu yoksullu\u011fa d\u00fc\u015fecek olan e\u015fin, di\u011fer e\u015ften talep edebilece\u011fi mali destektir. TMK m.175’e g\u00f6re, bo\u015fanma y\u00fcz\u00fcnden yoksullu\u011fa d\u00fc\u015fecek olan e\u015f, kusuru daha a\u011f\u0131r olmamak ko\u015fuluyla, di\u011fer e\u015ften mali g\u00fcc\u00fc oran\u0131nda s\u00fcresiz olarak nafaka talep edebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yoksulluk Nafakas\u0131n\u0131n Ko\u015fullar\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yoksulluk nafakas\u0131 talep edebilmek i\u00e7in nafaka talep eden e\u015fin yoksullu\u011fa d\u00fc\u015fecek olmas\u0131 ve di\u011fer e\u015fin mali g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn bulunmas\u0131 gerekir. Nafaka talep eden e\u015fin kusurunun daha a\u011f\u0131r olmamas\u0131 \u015fart\u0131 aran\u0131r. Yoksulluk nafakas\u0131 talebi, bo\u015fanma davas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda veya bo\u015fanma karar\u0131n\u0131n kesinle\u015fmesinden sonra yap\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yoksulluk Nafakas\u0131n\u0131n Miktar\u0131n\u0131n Belirlenmesi ve \u00d6denmesi<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yoksulluk nafakas\u0131n\u0131n miktar\u0131 belirlenirken, taraflar\u0131n ekonomik durumlar\u0131, bo\u015fanma sonras\u0131 ya\u015fam standartlar\u0131 ve nafaka talep edenin ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulur. Nafaka miktar\u0131, mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan takdir edilir ve genellikle ayl\u0131k olarak \u00f6denir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yoksulluk Nafakas\u0131n\u0131n S\u00fcresi ve Sona Ermesi<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yoksulluk nafakas\u0131, s\u00fcresiz olarak ba\u011flanabilir, ancak baz\u0131 durumlarda s\u00fcresiz nafakan\u0131n adil olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle ele\u015ftirilmektedir. Nafaka alacakl\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yeniden evlenmesi, \u00f6l\u00fcm veya mali durumunun iyile\u015fmesi gibi durumlarda nafaka sona erer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nafaka Kararlar\u0131na Uymaman\u0131n Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nafaka kararlar\u0131na uymayan taraf, hukuki yapt\u0131r\u0131mlarla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalabilir. Nafaka borcunu \u00f6demeyen taraf hakk\u0131nda icra takibi ba\u015flat\u0131labilir ve mahkeme karar\u0131yla tazyik hapsi uygulanabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 Hukukta Yoksulluk Nafakas\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 hukuk incelendi\u011finde, Avrupa Aile Hukuku Prensipleri, \u0130svi\u00e7re ve Alman hukuku gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli sistemlerde nafakan\u0131n farkl\u0131 \u015fekillerde d\u00fczenlendi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Avrupa Aile Hukuku Prensipleri, nafaka s\u00fcresinin belirli bir d\u00f6nemle s\u0131n\u0131rlanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini savunurken, \u0130svi\u00e7re ve Alman hukuku, nafaka talebinde bulunan e\u015fin yeniden evlenme veya mali durumunun iyile\u015fmesi gibi durumlar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sonu\u00e7<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bo\u015fanman\u0131n mali sonu\u00e7lar\u0131, taraflar\u0131n ekonomik ve sosyal hayat\u0131nda \u00f6nemli de\u011fi\u015fiklikler meydana getirmektedir. TMK, bo\u015fanman\u0131n mali sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde d\u00fczenlemi\u015f olup, maddi tazminat, manevi tazminat ve yoksulluk nafakas\u0131 konular\u0131nda taraflar\u0131n hak ve y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerini belirlemi\u015ftir. Bu d\u00fczenlemeler, bo\u015fanma s\u00fcrecinde ve sonras\u0131nda taraflar\u0131n adil bir \u015fekilde korunmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamay\u0131 ama\u00e7lamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Giri\u015fBu makale, bo\u015fanma sebepleri, ilgili kanun maddeleri ve Yarg\u0131tay i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eren kapsaml\u0131 bir inceleme sunmaktad\u0131r. Bo\u015fanma davalar\u0131, T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu ve di\u011fer yasal d\u00fczenlemeler \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde ele al\u0131nmakta olup, \u00f6zellikle kusur ilkesi ve Yarg\u0131tay’\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli kararlar\u0131na yer verilmi\u015ftir. Bu kapsamda, bo\u015fanma sebeplerine, hukuki dayanaklara ve ilgili i\u00e7tihatlara odaklanaca\u011f\u0131z. Bo\u015fanma SebepleriT\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu (TMK) bo\u015fanma sebeplerini genel ve \u00f6zel sebepler olarak iki ana kategoriye ay\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Genel bo\u015fanma sebepleri aras\u0131nda evlilik birli\u011finin sars\u0131lmas\u0131 ve ak\u0131l hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunurken, \u00f6zel bo\u015fanma sebepleri zina, hayata kast, pek k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele, y\u00fcz k\u0131zart\u0131c\u0131 su\u00e7 i\u015fleme, haysiyetsiz hayat s\u00fcrme ve terk gibi durumlar\u0131 kapsamaktad\u0131r. Evlilik Birli\u011finin Temelinden Sars\u0131lmas\u0131TMK madde 166’ya g\u00f6re, evlilik birli\u011finin temelinden sars\u0131lmas\u0131, e\u015fler aras\u0131nda ortak hayat\u0131n devam\u0131n\u0131n beklenemeyecek derecede sars\u0131lmas\u0131 durumudur. Bu maddeye g\u00f6re, mahkeme, evlili\u011fin devam\u0131n\u0131n taraflar i\u00e7in \u00e7ekilmez hale geldi\u011fine kanaat getirirse bo\u015fanmaya karar verebilir. Ak\u0131l Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131TMK madde 165’e g\u00f6re, e\u015flerden birinin ak\u0131l hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunmas\u0131 ve bu hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n di\u011fer e\u015f i\u00e7in ortak hayat\u0131 \u00e7ekilmez k\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde, bo\u015fanma davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131labilir. Bu durumda, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n tedavi edilemez oldu\u011funun sa\u011fl\u0131k kurulu raporu ile belgelenmesi gerekmektedir. \u00d6zel Bo\u015fanma SebepleriZinaTMK madde 161, zinay\u0131, bo\u015fanma sebepleri aras\u0131nda saymaktad\u0131r. Zinaya dayal\u0131 bo\u015fanma davas\u0131, e\u015flerden birinin zina fiilini \u00f6\u011frenmesinden itibaren alt\u0131 ay ve her hal\u00fckarda zina fiilinin \u00fczerinden be\u015f y\u0131l ge\u00e7mekle d\u00fc\u015fer. Affedilmi\u015fse …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":2070,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2068","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-koseyazilari"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nBo\u015fanma Sebepleri ve Bo\u015fanman\u0131n Mali Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 - Av. Deniz Can K\u0131z\u0131l<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/denizcankizil.tr\/ru\/koseyazilari\/bosanma-sebepleri-ve-bosanmanin-mali-sonuclari\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ru_RU\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bo\u015fanma Sebepleri ve Bo\u015fanman\u0131n Mali Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Giri\u015fBu makale, bo\u015fanma sebepleri, ilgili kanun maddeleri ve Yarg\u0131tay i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eren kapsaml\u0131 bir inceleme sunmaktad\u0131r. Bo\u015fanma davalar\u0131, T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu ve di\u011fer yasal d\u00fczenlemeler \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde ele al\u0131nmakta olup, \u00f6zellikle kusur ilkesi ve Yarg\u0131tay’\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli kararlar\u0131na yer verilmi\u015ftir. Bu kapsamda, bo\u015fanma sebeplerine, hukuki dayanaklara ve ilgili i\u00e7tihatlara odaklanaca\u011f\u0131z. Bo\u015fanma SebepleriT\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu (TMK) bo\u015fanma sebeplerini genel ve \u00f6zel sebepler olarak iki ana kategoriye ay\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Genel bo\u015fanma sebepleri aras\u0131nda evlilik birli\u011finin sars\u0131lmas\u0131 ve ak\u0131l hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunurken, \u00f6zel bo\u015fanma sebepleri zina, hayata kast, pek k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele, y\u00fcz k\u0131zart\u0131c\u0131 su\u00e7 i\u015fleme, haysiyetsiz hayat s\u00fcrme ve terk gibi durumlar\u0131 kapsamaktad\u0131r. Evlilik Birli\u011finin Temelinden Sars\u0131lmas\u0131TMK madde 166’ya g\u00f6re, evlilik birli\u011finin temelinden sars\u0131lmas\u0131, e\u015fler aras\u0131nda ortak hayat\u0131n devam\u0131n\u0131n beklenemeyecek derecede sars\u0131lmas\u0131 durumudur. Bu maddeye g\u00f6re, mahkeme, evlili\u011fin devam\u0131n\u0131n taraflar i\u00e7in \u00e7ekilmez hale geldi\u011fine kanaat getirirse bo\u015fanmaya karar verebilir. Ak\u0131l Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131TMK madde 165’e g\u00f6re, e\u015flerden birinin ak\u0131l hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunmas\u0131 ve bu hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n di\u011fer e\u015f i\u00e7in ortak hayat\u0131 \u00e7ekilmez k\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde, bo\u015fanma davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131labilir. Bu durumda, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n tedavi edilemez oldu\u011funun sa\u011fl\u0131k kurulu raporu ile belgelenmesi gerekmektedir. \u00d6zel Bo\u015fanma SebepleriZinaTMK madde 161, zinay\u0131, bo\u015fanma sebepleri aras\u0131nda saymaktad\u0131r. Zinaya dayal\u0131 bo\u015fanma davas\u0131, e\u015flerden birinin zina fiilini \u00f6\u011frenmesinden itibaren alt\u0131 ay ve her hal\u00fckarda zina fiilinin \u00fczerinden be\u015f y\u0131l ge\u00e7mekle d\u00fc\u015fer. 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Bo\u015fanma SebepleriT\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu (TMK) bo\u015fanma sebeplerini genel ve \u00f6zel sebepler olarak iki ana kategoriye ay\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Genel bo\u015fanma sebepleri aras\u0131nda evlilik birli\u011finin sars\u0131lmas\u0131 ve ak\u0131l hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunurken, \u00f6zel bo\u015fanma sebepleri zina, hayata kast, pek k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele, y\u00fcz k\u0131zart\u0131c\u0131 su\u00e7 i\u015fleme, haysiyetsiz hayat s\u00fcrme ve terk gibi durumlar\u0131 kapsamaktad\u0131r. Evlilik Birli\u011finin Temelinden Sars\u0131lmas\u0131TMK madde 166’ya g\u00f6re, evlilik birli\u011finin temelinden sars\u0131lmas\u0131, e\u015fler aras\u0131nda ortak hayat\u0131n devam\u0131n\u0131n beklenemeyecek derecede sars\u0131lmas\u0131 durumudur. Bu maddeye g\u00f6re, mahkeme, evlili\u011fin devam\u0131n\u0131n taraflar i\u00e7in \u00e7ekilmez hale geldi\u011fine kanaat getirirse bo\u015fanmaya karar verebilir. Ak\u0131l Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131TMK madde 165’e g\u00f6re, e\u015flerden birinin ak\u0131l hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunmas\u0131 ve bu hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n di\u011fer e\u015f i\u00e7in ortak hayat\u0131 \u00e7ekilmez k\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde, bo\u015fanma davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131labilir. Bu durumda, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n tedavi edilemez oldu\u011funun sa\u011fl\u0131k kurulu raporu ile belgelenmesi gerekmektedir. \u00d6zel Bo\u015fanma SebepleriZinaTMK madde 161, zinay\u0131, bo\u015fanma sebepleri aras\u0131nda saymaktad\u0131r. Zinaya dayal\u0131 bo\u015fanma davas\u0131, e\u015flerden birinin zina fiilini \u00f6\u011frenmesinden itibaren alt\u0131 ay ve her hal\u00fckarda zina fiilinin \u00fczerinden be\u015f y\u0131l ge\u00e7mekle d\u00fc\u015fer. Affedilmi\u015fse …","og_url":"https:\/\/denizcankizil.tr\/ru\/koseyazilari\/bosanma-sebepleri-ve-bosanmanin-mali-sonuclari\/","og_site_name":"Av. 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