ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130 KARARI<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Esas Say\u0131s\u0131 : 2023\/25<\/p>\n
Karar Say\u0131s\u0131 : 2024\/139<\/p>\n
Karar Tarihi : 23\/7\/2024<\/p>\n
R.G.Tarih-Say\u0131 : 12\/11\/2024-32720<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u0130PTAL DAVASINI A\u00c7AN: T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi \u00fcyeleri Engin ALTAY, \u00d6zg\u00fcr \u00d6ZEL, Engin \u00d6ZKO\u00c7 ile birlikte 129 milletvekili<\/p>\n
\u0130PTAL DAVASININ KONUSU: 23\/11\/2022 tarihli ve 7422 say\u0131l\u0131 Polis Y\u00fcksek \u00d6\u011fretim Kanunu ile Baz\u0131 Kanunlarda De\u011fi\u015fiklik Yap\u0131lmas\u0131na Dair Kanun\u2019un;<\/p>\n
A. 1. maddesiyle 18\/3\/1924 tarihli ve 442 say\u0131l\u0131 K\u00f6y Kanunu\u2019na eklenen 74\/A maddesinin;<\/p>\n
1. (c) f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (9) numaral\u0131 bendinin,<\/p>\n
2. (\u00e7) f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (6) numaral\u0131 bendinin,<\/p>\n
B. 4. maddesiyle 4\/6\/1937 tarihli ve 3201 say\u0131l\u0131 Emniyet Te\u015fkilat Kanunu\u2019na eklenen ge\u00e7ici 31. maddenin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131nda yer alan \u201c…Emniyet Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnce belirlenir.\u201d ibaresinin,<\/p>\n
C. 6. maddesiyle 9\/7\/1982 tarihli ve 2692 say\u0131l\u0131 Sahil G\u00fcvenlik Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kanunu\u2019na eklenen ek 15. maddenin,<\/p>\n
\u00c7. 8. maddesiyle 10\/3\/1983 tarihli ve 2803 say\u0131l\u0131 Jandarma Te\u015fkilat, G\u00f6rev ve Yetkileri Kanunu\u2019na eklenen ek 20. maddenin,<\/p>\n
D. 10. maddesiyle 25\/4\/2001 tarihli ve 4652 say\u0131l\u0131 Polis Y\u00fcksek \u00d6\u011fretim Kanunu\u2019nun 15. maddesinin de\u011fi\u015ftirilen alt\u0131nc\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n,<\/p>\n
E. 12. maddesiyle 4652 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un de\u011fi\u015ftirilen ek 1. maddesinin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n;<\/p>\n
1. Birinci c\u00fcmlesinde yer alan \u201c…Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7e belirlenecek…\u201d ve \u201c…s\u0131navda…\u201d ibarelerinin,<\/p>\n
2. \u0130kinci c\u00fcmlesinin,<\/p>\n
F. 13. maddesiyle 29\/5\/2009 tarihli ve 5902 say\u0131l\u0131 Afet ve Acil Durum Y\u00f6netimi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile \u0130lgili Baz\u0131 D\u00fczenlemeler Hakk\u0131nda Kanun\u2019a eklenen ge\u00e7ici 8. maddenin (1) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesinde yer alan \u201c…ve\/veya s\u00f6zl\u00fc…\u201d ibaresinin,<\/p>\n
G. 14. maddesiyle 4\/4\/2013 tarihli ve 6458 say\u0131l\u0131 Yabanc\u0131lar ve Uluslararas\u0131 Koruma Kanunu\u2019na eklenen ge\u00e7ici 2. maddenin (1) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesinde yer alan \u201c…ve\/veya s\u00f6zl\u00fc…\u201d ibaresinin,<\/p>\n
Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 ile 2., 5., 6., 7., 10., 13., 14., 17., 20., 25., 26., 35., 36., 38., 40., 49., 70., 74., 90., 123., 124., 128., 130. ve 153. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclerek iptallerine ve y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fcklerinin durdurulmas\u0131na karar verilmesi talebidir.<\/p>\n
I. \u0130PTAL\u0130 \u0130STENEN KANUN H\u00dcK\u00dcMLER\u0130<\/p>\n
Kanun\u2019un iptali talep edilen kurallar\u0131n da yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131;<\/p>\n
A. 1. maddesiyle 442 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019a eklenen 74\/A maddesinin ilgili k\u0131sm\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u201cG\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131na verilecek disiplin cezalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitleri ile ceza uygulanacak fiil ve haller<\/p>\n
MADDE 74\/A- (Ek: 23\/11\/2022-7422\/1 md.)<\/p>\n
\u2026<\/p>\n
c) \u00dccretten Kesme: G\u00fcvenlik korucusunun ayl\u0131k \u00fccretinden 1\/30-1\/8 aras\u0131nda kesinti yap\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u00dccretten kesme cezas\u0131n\u0131 gerektiren fiil ve haller \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n
\u2026<\/p>\n
9) Toplu m\u00fcracaat veya \u015fik\u00e2yette bulunmak,<\/p>\n
\u2026<\/p>\n
\u00e7) G\u00f6revden \u00c7\u0131karma: G\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6revlendirilmelerindeki esas ve usullere uyularak g\u00f6revle olan ili\u015fi\u011fin kesilmesidir. G\u00f6revden \u00e7\u0131karma cezas\u0131n\u0131 gerektiren fiil ve haller \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n
\u2026<\/p>\n
6) Ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctlerine veya Devletin mill\u00ee g\u00fcvenli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 faaliyette bulundu\u011funa karar verilen yap\u0131, olu\u015fum veya gruplara \u00fcyeli\u011fi, mensubiyeti, iltisak\u0131 veya irtibat\u0131 bulunmak,<\/p>\n
\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n
B. 4. maddesiyle 3201 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019a eklenen ge\u00e7ici 31. madde \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u201cDevlet memurlu\u011fundan ili\u015fi\u011fi kesilenlerin durumu<\/p>\n
GE\u00c7\u0130C\u0130 MADDE 31- (Ek: 23\/11\/2022-7422\/4 md.)<\/p>\n
Emniyet Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc e\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131na giri\u015fte aranan sa\u011fl\u0131k \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131mad\u0131klar\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle e\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131ndan ili\u015fi\u011fi kesilenlerden, yarg\u0131 karar\u0131na istinaden e\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011fretime devam ederek mezun olan ve polis memuru veya polis amiri r\u00fctbesiyle Emniyet Hizmetleri S\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na atanan ancak bilahare sa\u011fl\u0131k sebeplerine dayanan yarg\u0131 karar\u0131 gere\u011fince Devlet memurlu\u011fundan ili\u015fi\u011fi kesilmi\u015f olanlar\u0131n, bu maddenin y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011fi tarihten itibaren alt\u0131 ay i\u00e7erisinde Emniyet Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ba\u015fvurmalar\u0131 halinde Genel \u0130dare Hizmetleri S\u0131n\u0131f\u0131nda durumlar\u0131na uygun unvana atamalar\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu madde kapsam\u0131nda yap\u0131lacak olan atamalarda 14\/7\/1965 tarihli ve 657 say\u0131l\u0131 Devlet Memurlar\u0131 Kanununun 48 inci maddesindeki \u015fartlar ile Emniyet Hizmetleri S\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan di\u011fer hizmet s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131ktan yap\u0131lacak atamalar i\u00e7in belirlenmi\u015f olan sa\u011fl\u0131k \u015fartlar\u0131na uygunluk aran\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu madde kapsam\u0131nda yap\u0131lacak olan Devlet memurlu\u011funa a\u00e7\u0131ktan atama i\u015flemleri ile ilgili di\u011fer usul ve esaslar Emniyet Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnce belirlenir.\u201d<\/p>\n
C. 6. maddesiyle 2692 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019a eklenen ek 15. madde \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u201cEK MADDE 15- (Ek: 23\/11\/2022-7422\/6 md.)<\/p>\n
Personel taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6revin icras\u0131nda ve g\u00f6rev d\u0131\u015f\u0131 zamanlarda uyulmas\u0131 gereken kurallar ve di\u011fer hususlar \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe konulacak y\u00f6netmelik ile belirlenir.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u00c7. 8. maddesiyle 2803 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019a eklenen ek 20. madde \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u201cEk Madde 20- (Ek: 23\/11\/2022-7422\/8 md.)<\/p>\n
Personel taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6revin icras\u0131nda ve g\u00f6rev d\u0131\u015f\u0131 zamanlarda uyulmas\u0131 gereken kurallar ve di\u011fer hususlar \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe konulacak y\u00f6netmelik ile belirlenir.\u201d<\/p>\n
D. 10. maddesiyle 4652 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un alt\u0131nc\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirilen 15. maddesi \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u201c\u00d6\u011frenci kayna\u011f\u0131, \u00f6\u011frencilerin istihkaklar\u0131, \u00f6zl\u00fck i\u015flemleri ve mecburi hizmet y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/p>\n
Madde 15 \u2013 (M\u00fclga birinci f\u0131kra: 27\/3\/2015-6638\/37 md.) (Yeniden d\u00fczenleme:23\/11\/2022-7422\/10 md.) Fak\u00fcltenin esas \u00f6\u011frenci kayna\u011f\u0131, s\u0131navlar\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131l 1 Ocak tarihi itibar\u0131yla yirmi iki ya\u015f\u0131ndan g\u00fcn almam\u0131\u015f lise ve dengi okullar\u0131n mezunlar\u0131d\u0131r. Polis meslek y\u00fcksek okullar\u0131ndan dikey ge\u00e7i\u015f ile de fak\u00fclteye \u00f6\u011frenci al\u0131nabilir.<\/p>\n
(De\u011fi\u015fik ikinci f\u0131kra: 27\/3\/2015-6638\/37 md.) \u0130lgili devletlerle yap\u0131lacak ikili anla\u015fmalara ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak yabanc\u0131 uyruklu \u00f6\u011frenci veya kursiyerler Bakan onay\u0131 ile \u00fccretli yahut \u00fccretsiz olarak Akademiye kabul edilebilirler. Bu suretle kabul edilenlerden \u00fccreti mukabili e\u011fitim veya kurs verileceklerle ilgili mali i\u015fler bu Kanunun 29 uncu maddesine g\u00f6re kurulan d\u00f6ner sermaye i\u015fletmesi vas\u0131tas\u0131yla y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
Yabanc\u0131 uyruklu \u00f6\u011frenciler e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretimi izleyebilecek T\u00fcrk\u00e7e dil yeterliklerinin s\u0131nav ile tespit edilmesinden sonra \u00f6\u011fretime ba\u015flat\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Yabanc\u0131 uyruklu \u00f6\u011frenciler Akademi \u00f6\u011frencilerine uygulanan kurallara uymakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
\u00a0(M\u00fclga be\u015finci f\u0131kra: 27\/3\/2015-6638\/37 md.)<\/p>\n
\u00a0(De\u011fi\u015fik alt\u0131nc\u0131:23\/11\/2022-7422\/10 md.) Akademiye al\u0131nacak \u00f6\u011frencilerin nitelikleri, giri\u015f usul ve esaslar\u0131 ile polis meslek y\u00fcksek okullar\u0131ndan dikey ge\u00e7i\u015f yap\u0131lmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin usul ve esaslar y\u00f6netmelikle belirlenir.<\/p>\n
\u00a0(De\u011fi\u015fik yedinci:23\/11\/2022-7422\/10 md.) Fak\u00fclte ve ilk derece amirlik e\u011fitimi \u00f6\u011frencileri Akademi b\u00fcnyesinde \u00fccretsiz ia\u015fe edilir, yat\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r, sa\u011fl\u0131k giderleri ve y\u00f6netmelikle tespit edilecek ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 Devlet\u00e7e kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131r. Polis memuru olarak e\u011fitim g\u00f6renlere ayr\u0131ca tay\u0131n bedeli \u00f6denmez.<\/p>\n
\u00a0(De\u011fi\u015fik sekizinci:23\/11\/2022-7422\/10 md.) Polis memuru olarak e\u011fitim g\u00f6renler hari\u00e7, fak\u00fclte, polis meslek y\u00fcksekokulu ve ilk derece amirlik e\u011fitimi \u00f6\u011frencilerine ayr\u0131ca harp okullar\u0131nda bulunan askeri \u00f6\u011frencilere \u00f6denen miktarda har\u00e7l\u0131k \u00f6denir.<\/p>\n
\u00d6\u011frencilerin stat\u00fclerinin gerektirdi\u011fi i\u015f ve i\u015flemler Ba\u015fkanl\u0131k\u00e7a y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
\u00a0(De\u011fi\u015fik onuncu f\u0131kra:27\/3\/2015-6638\/37 md.) Fak\u00fcltede e\u011fitim alanlar e\u011fitim s\u00fcresinin iki kat\u0131, Polis Amirleri E\u011fitimi Merkezi, enstit\u00fc ve polis meslek y\u00fcksek okullar\u0131nda, ilk derece amirlik e\u011fitimi alanlar ile lisans\u00fcst\u00fc veya \u00f6n lisans e\u011fitimi yapanlar (yabanc\u0131 uyruklular hari\u00e7) alt\u0131 y\u0131l s\u00fcreyle mecburi hizmetle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcrler.<\/p>\n
\u00a0(De\u011fi\u015fik onbirinci f\u0131kra:27\/3\/2015-6638\/37 md.) Bunlardan mezun olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n mecburi hizmetle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc oldu\u011fu s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde, istifa edenler veya ili\u015fi\u011finin kesilmesini gerektiren bir su\u00e7 i\u015fleyenler ya da sa\u011fl\u0131k sebebi hari\u00e7, ba\u015fka herhangi bir sebeple ayr\u0131lanlar, y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck s\u00fcrelerinin eksik k\u0131sm\u0131 ile orant\u0131l\u0131 olarak kendilerine yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan \u00f6\u011fretim masraflar\u0131n\u0131 yasal faiziyle birlikte tazminat olarak \u00f6demek zorundad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n
\u00a0(M\u00fclga onikinci f\u0131kra: 27\/3\/2015-6638\/37 md.)<\/p>\n
\u00a0(M\u00fclga on\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kra: 27\/3\/2015-6638\/37 md.)<\/p>\n
\u00a0(Ek ond\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kra:23\/11\/2022-7422\/10 md.) Fak\u00fclteyi veya ilk derece amirlik e\u011fitimini ba\u015far\u0131 ile bitiren \u00f6\u011frenciler 3201 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunda belirlenen komiser yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 r\u00fctbesinde ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan kadrolara atan\u0131rlar.\u201d<\/p>\n
E. 12. maddesiyle 4652 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un de\u011fi\u015ftirilen ek 1. maddesi \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
Ek Madde 1 \u2013 (Ek: 27\/3\/2015-6638\/41 md.) (De\u011fi\u015fik:23\/11\/2022-7422\/12 md.)<\/p>\n
Bu maddeyi de\u011fi\u015ftiren Kanunun y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011fi tarihten itibaren Polis Akademisi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcnyesinde \u0130\u00e7 G\u00fcvenlik Fak\u00fcltesi kurulur ve \u00fc\u00e7 ay i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lacak atamalarla kadrolar\u0131 tamamlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu Kanunla kurulu bulunan Polis Amirleri E\u011fitimi Merkezinde, lisans mezunu polis memurlar\u0131 ile bu maddeyi de\u011fi\u015ftiren Kanunun y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011fi tarihten itibaren ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan uzmanl\u0131k alanlar\u0131ndaki amir s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 personelin temini amac\u0131yla, \u00f6rg\u00fcn e\u011fitim veren \u00fcniversitelerin Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7e belirlenecek en az d\u00f6rt y\u0131l s\u00fcreli fak\u00fclte mezunlar\u0131ndan yap\u0131lacak s\u0131navda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olanlara ilk derece amirlik e\u011fitimi verilir. Bu merkezin kurulu\u015f, g\u00f6rev, yetki ve sorumluluklar\u0131, merkeze al\u0131nacak \u00f6\u011frencilerde aranacak \u015fartlar, giri\u015f s\u0131nav\u0131 ile e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretime ili\u015fkin usul ve esaslar Bakanl\u0131k\u00e7a \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan y\u00f6netmelikle belirlenir.\u201d<\/p>\n
F. 13. maddesiyle 5902 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019a eklenen ge\u00e7ici 8. madde \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u201cDenet\u00e7ili\u011fe naklen atanma<\/p>\n
GE\u00c7\u0130C\u0130 MADDE 8- (Ek: 23\/11\/2022-7422\/13 md.)<\/p>\n
(1) Genel b\u00fct\u00e7e ve \u00f6zel b\u00fct\u00e7e kapsam\u0131ndaki kamu idarelerinde mesle\u011fe \u00f6zel yar\u0131\u015fma s\u0131nav\u0131na tabi tutulmak suretiyle girilen ve belirli bir yeti\u015fme program\u0131 sonras\u0131 yeterlik s\u0131nav\u0131na tabi tutularak m\u00fcfetti\u015f, denet\u00e7i, denetmen ve kontrol\u00f6r kadrolar\u0131nda yard\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k veya stajyerlikte ge\u00e7en s\u00fcreler d\u00e2hil en az be\u015f y\u0131l g\u00f6rev yapm\u0131\u015f olanlar aras\u0131ndan, yap\u0131lacak yaz\u0131l\u0131 ve\/veya s\u00f6zl\u00fc s\u0131nav sonucunda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olanlar, bu maddenin y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011fi tarihten itibaren bir y\u0131l i\u00e7erisinde durumlar\u0131na uygun Afet ve Acil Durum Y\u00f6netimi Denet\u00e7isi kadrolar\u0131na naklen atanabilirler. Bu \u015fekilde atananlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 yediyi ge\u00e7emez. <\/p>\n
\u00a0(2) Bu maddeye g\u00f6re atananlar\u0131n yard\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k veya stajyerlik kadrolar\u0131nda ge\u00e7irdikleri s\u00fcreler, Afet ve Acil Durum Y\u00f6netimi Denet\u00e7i Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 kadrolar\u0131nda; m\u00fcfetti\u015f, denet\u00e7i, denetmen ve kontrol\u00f6r unvanl\u0131 kadrolarda ge\u00e7irdikleri s\u00fcreler Afet ve Acil Durum Y\u00f6netimi Denet\u00e7isi kadrolar\u0131nda ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f say\u0131l\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n
G. 14. maddesiyle 6458 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019a eklenen ge\u00e7ici 2. madde \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u201cDenet\u00e7ili\u011fe naklen atanma<\/p>\n
GE\u00c7\u0130C\u0130 MADDE 2- (Ek: 23\/11\/2022-7422\/14 md.)<\/p>\n
\u00a0(1) Genel ve \u00f6zel b\u00fct\u00e7e kapsam\u0131ndaki kamu idarelerinde mesle\u011fe \u00f6zel yar\u0131\u015fma s\u0131nav\u0131na tabi tutulmak suretiyle girilen ve belirli bir yeti\u015fme program\u0131 sonras\u0131 yeterlik s\u0131nav\u0131na tabi tutularak m\u00fcfetti\u015f, denet\u00e7i, denetmen ve kontrol\u00f6r kadrolar\u0131nda yard\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k veya stajyerlikte ge\u00e7en s\u00fcreler dahil en az be\u015f y\u0131l g\u00f6rev yapm\u0131\u015f olanlar aras\u0131ndan, yap\u0131lacak yaz\u0131l\u0131 ve\/veya s\u00f6zl\u00fc s\u0131nav sonucunda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olanlar, bu maddenin y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011fi tarihten itibaren bir y\u0131l i\u00e7erisinde durumlar\u0131na uygun G\u00f6\u00e7 \u0130daresi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda denet\u00e7i kadrolar\u0131na naklen atanabilirler. Bu \u015fekilde atananlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 yediyi ge\u00e7emez.<\/p>\n
\u00a0(2) Bu maddeye g\u00f6re atananlar\u0131n yard\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k veya stajyerlik kadrolar\u0131nda ge\u00e7irdikleri s\u00fcreler, G\u00f6\u00e7 \u0130daresi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki denet\u00e7i yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 kadrolar\u0131nda; m\u00fcfetti\u015f, denet\u00e7i, denetmen ve kontrol\u00f6r unvanl\u0131 kadrolarda ge\u00e7irdikleri s\u00fcreler G\u00f6\u00e7 \u0130daresi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki denet\u00e7i kadrolar\u0131nda ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f say\u0131l\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n
II. \u0130LK \u0130NCELEME<\/p>\n
1. Anayasa Mahkemesi \u0130\u00e7t\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fc h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uyar\u0131nca Z\u00fcht\u00fc ARSLAN, Hasan Tahsin G\u00d6KCAN, Kadir \u00d6ZKAYA, Engin YILDIRIM, Muammer TOPAL, M. Emin KUZ, R\u0131dvan G\u00dcLE\u00c7, Recai AKYEL, Yusuf \u015eevki HAKYEMEZ, Y\u0131ld\u0131z SEFER\u0130NO\u011eLU, Selahaddin MENTE\u015e, Basri BA\u011eCI, \u0130rfan F\u0130DAN, Kenan YA\u015eAR ve Muhterem \u0130NCE\u2019nin kat\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131yla 16\/2\/2023 tarihinde yap\u0131lan ilk inceleme toplant\u0131s\u0131nda dosyada eksiklik bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan i\u015fin esas\u0131n\u0131n incelenmesine, y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc durdurma talebinin esas inceleme a\u015famas\u0131nda karara ba\u011flanmas\u0131na OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
III. ESASIN \u0130NCELENMES\u0130<\/p>\n
2. Dava dilek\u00e7esi ve ekleri, Raport\u00f6r Ahmet Hakan SOYT\u00dcRK taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan i\u015fin esas\u0131na ili\u015fkin rapor, dava konusu kanun h\u00fck\u00fcmleri, dayan\u0131lan ve ilgili g\u00f6r\u00fclen Anayasa kurallar\u0131 ve bunlar\u0131n gerek\u00e7eleri ile di\u011fer yasama belgeleri okunup incelendikten sonra gere\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcl\u00fcp d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc:<\/p>\n
A. Kanun\u2019un 1. Maddesiyle 442 Say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019a Eklenen 74\/A Maddesinin (c) F\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (9) Numaral\u0131 Bendi ile (\u00e7) F\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (6) Numaral\u0131 Bendinin \u0130ncelenmesi<\/p>\n
1. (c) F\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (9) Numaral\u0131 Bendi<\/p>\n
a. Anlam ve Kapsam<\/p>\n
3. 442 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 74\/A maddesinde g\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131na verilecek disiplin cezalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitleri ile ceza uygulanacak fiil ve h\u00e2ller d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
4. An\u0131lan maddede fiilin niteli\u011fine g\u00f6re g\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131 hakk\u0131nda uygulanabilecek disiplin cezalar\u0131; uyarma, k\u0131nama, \u00fccretten kesme ve g\u00f6revden \u00e7\u0131karma \u015feklinde say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Maddenin (c) f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n dava konusu (9) numaral\u0131 bendinde toplu m\u00fcracaat veya \u015fik\u00e2yette bulunmak, \u00fccretten kesme cezas\u0131n\u0131 gerektiren fiillerden biri olarak d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
b. \u0130ptal Talebinin Gerek\u00e7esi<\/p>\n
5. Dava dilek\u00e7esinde \u00f6zetle; g\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131n\u0131n kamu g\u00f6revlisi oldu\u011fu, bu sebeple an\u0131lan ki\u015filere verilecek cezalar\u0131n kanunla d\u00fczenlenmesi gerekti\u011fi, dava konusu kuralda yer alan toplu ibaresinin idarenin keyf\u00ee uygulamalar\u0131na neden olabilecek \u015fekilde belirsiz oldu\u011fu, bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle kanunilik \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131, kuralla ki\u015filerin dilek\u00e7e ve bilgi edinme haklar\u0131n\u0131, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve kanaat \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerini, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi a\u00e7\u0131klama ve yayma \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri ile hak arama ve etkili ba\u015fvuru haklar\u0131n\u0131 kullanmalar\u0131n\u0131n imk\u00e2ns\u0131z h\u00e2le getirildi\u011fi, yine kural uyar\u0131nca uygulanan yapt\u0131r\u0131mla m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131na \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcz bir s\u0131n\u0131rlama \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, kural\u0131n kamu yarar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n bozulmas\u0131na neden olaca\u011f\u0131, Anayasa Mahkemesi taraf\u0131ndan verilmi\u015f benzer d\u00fczenlemelere ili\u015fkin iptal kararlar\u0131na ra\u011fmen kural\u0131n ihdas edilmesinin kuvvetler ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilkesini ihlal etti\u011fi, bu durumun milletleraras\u0131 antla\u015fmalarla da ba\u011fda\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilerek kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 ile 2., 5., 6., 7., 10., 13., 25., 26., 35., 36., 38., 40., 49., 70., 74., 90., 123., 128. ve 153. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
c. Anayasa\u2019ya Ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k Sorunu<\/p>\n
6. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 74. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda \u201cVatanda\u015flar ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k esas\u0131 g\u00f6zetilmek kayd\u0131yla T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ikamet eden yabanc\u0131lar kendileriyle veya kamu ile ilgili dilek ve \u015fik\u00e2yetleri hakk\u0131nda, yetkili makamlara ve T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisine yaz\u0131 ile ba\u015fvurma hakk\u0131na sahiptir.\u201d; d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131nda da \u201cHerkes, bilgi edinme ve kamu denet\u00e7isine ba\u015fvurma hakk\u0131na sahiptir.\u201d denilmek suretiyle dilek\u00e7e ve bilgi edinme haklar\u0131 anayasal g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
7. An\u0131lan maddenin yedinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda ise \u201cBu maddede say\u0131lan haklar\u0131n kullan\u0131lma bi\u00e7imi, \u2026 kanunla d\u00fczenlenir.\u201d denilmek suretiyle bu haklara ili\u015fkin d\u00fczenleme yapma yetkisi kanun koyucuya tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
8. Dilek\u00e7e hakk\u0131, ki\u015filerin kendileriyle veya kamuyla ilgili konularda talep ve \u015fik\u00e2yetlerini yetkili makamlara iletebilmesini g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na almaktad\u0131r. Ki\u015filerin kamu makamlar\u0131na seslerini duyurabilmesi amac\u0131na hizmet eden dilek\u00e7e hakk\u0131, hak arama \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn en \u00f6nemli ara\u00e7lar\u0131ndan biridir (Hasan Ercan, B. No: 2015\/54, 12\/11\/2019, \u00a7 41; Ahmet K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7elli, B. No: 2017\/31069, 30\/9\/2020, \u00a7 43).<\/p>\n
9. Bilgi edinme hakk\u0131 ise devletin elinde bulunan ve eri\u015filebilir olmayan bilgi ve belgelere ula\u015fabilmeyi g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na almaktad\u0131r. Bilgi edinme hakk\u0131n\u0131n konusu, resm\u00ee makamlarca tutulan ve ki\u015finin kendisi hakk\u0131nda olan veya olmayan verilere eri\u015fim talebi olabilece\u011fi gibi resm\u00ee makamlarca tutulan, ki\u015finin kendisiyle ilgili olmayan ancak kamu yarar\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan konulardaki bilgiler de olabilir (Yaman Akdeniz (2) [GK], B. No: 2016\/6815, 15\/2\/2023, \u00a7\u00a7 43, 45).<\/p>\n
10. Bilgi edinme hakk\u0131, y\u00f6netilenlerin y\u00f6netenleri denetleyebilmesinin, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn sa\u011flanabilmesinin \u00f6nemli bir arac\u0131 olarak i\u015flev g\u00f6rmektedir. An\u0131lan hak, devletin demokratik niteli\u011finin geli\u015ftirilmesi ve bireyin temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerinin korunmas\u0131 hususlar\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir rol oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan demokratik hukuk devletinde vazge\u00e7ilmez bir niteli\u011fe sahiptir (AYM, E.2018\/137, K.2022\/86, 30\/6\/2022, \u00a7 168; E.2013\/114, K.2014\/184, 4\/12\/2014, \u00a7 37). Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla dilek\u00e7e hakk\u0131 ile s\u0131k\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131ya ba\u011fl\u0131 bulunan bilgi edinme hakk\u0131 insan hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerinin ayr\u0131lmaz bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r (AYM, E.2022\/93, K.2024\/9, 18\/1\/2024, \u00a7 22; Ahmet K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7elli, \u00a7 43).<\/p>\n
11. Dava konusu kuralla g\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131n\u0131n toplu m\u00fcracaat veya \u015fik\u00e2yette bulunma fiillerine disiplin yapt\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 olarak \u00fccretten kesme cezas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmek suretiyle dilek\u00e7e ve bilgi edinme haklar\u0131na s\u0131n\u0131rlama getirilmektedir.<\/p>\n
12. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 13. maddesinde \u201cTemel hak ve h\u00fcrriyetler, \u00f6zlerine dokunulmaks\u0131z\u0131n yaln\u0131zca Anayasan\u0131n ilgili maddelerinde belirtilen sebeplere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ve ancak kanunla s\u0131n\u0131rlanabilir. Bu s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar, Anayasan\u0131n s\u00f6z\u00fcne ve ruhuna, demokratik toplum d\u00fczeninin ve l\u00e2ik Cumhuriyetin gereklerine ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 olamaz.\u201d denilmektedir. Buna g\u00f6re temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklere s\u0131n\u0131rlama getiren d\u00fczenlemelerin kanunla yap\u0131lmas\u0131, Anayasa\u2019da \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen s\u0131n\u0131rlama sebebine ve demokratik toplum d\u00fczeninin gereklerine uygun ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc olmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n
13. Anayasa Mahkemesinin s\u0131k\u00e7a vurgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi temel haklar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlayan kanunun \u015feklen var olmas\u0131 yeterli olmay\u0131p yasal kurallar\u0131n keyf\u00eeli\u011fe izin vermeyecek \u015fekilde belirli, ula\u015f\u0131labilir ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir nitelikte olmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n
14. Esasen temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri s\u0131n\u0131rlayan kanunun bu niteliklere sahip olmas\u0131 Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2. maddesinde g\u00fcvenceye al\u0131nan hukuk devleti ilkesinin de bir gere\u011fidir. Hukuk devletinde; kanuni d\u00fczenlemelerin hem ki\u015filer hem de idare y\u00f6n\u00fcnden herhangi bir duraksamaya ve ku\u015fkuya yer vermeyecek \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131k, net, anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r, uygulanabilir ve nesnel olmas\u0131, ayr\u0131ca kamu otoritelerinin keyf\u00ee uygulamalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 koruyucu \u00f6nlem i\u00e7ermesi gerekir. Kanunda bulunmas\u0131 gereken bu nitelikler hukuki g\u00fcvenli\u011fin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da zorunludur. Zira bu ilke hukuk normlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir olmas\u0131n\u0131, bireylerin t\u00fcm eylem ve i\u015flemlerinde devlete g\u00fcven duyabilmesini, devletin de yasal d\u00fczenlemelerinde bu g\u00fcven duygusunu zedeleyici y\u00f6ntemlerden ka\u00e7\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 gerekli k\u0131lar (AYM, E.2015\/41, K.2017\/98, 4\/5\/2017, \u00a7\u00a7 153, 154). Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 13. maddesinde s\u0131n\u0131rlama \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct\u00fc olarak belirtilen kanunilik, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2. maddesinde g\u00fcvenceye ba\u011flanan hukuk devleti ilkesi \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yorumlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
15. Kuralda, g\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcracaat veya \u015fik\u00e2yetlerini toplu olarak yapmalar\u0131 h\u00e2linde ayl\u0131k \u00fccretlerinden 1\/30 ila 1\/8 aras\u0131nda bir oranda kesinti yap\u0131lmak suretiyle \u00fccretten kesme cezas\u0131n\u0131n verilece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Kuralla yapt\u0131r\u0131ma ba\u011flanan toplu m\u00fcracaat veya \u015fik\u00e2yette bulunma fiilinin tan\u0131m\u0131na yer verilmemi\u015ftir. Bununla birlikte bu \u015fekilde genel bir belirleme yap\u0131lmas\u0131 kural\u0131n belirsiz oldu\u011fu ya da keyf\u00eeli\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 gerekli kanuni g\u00fcvenceyi ta\u015f\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmemektedir. Bu durum kanun yapma tekni\u011finin do\u011fas\u0131ndan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Zira kanun h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin genel olmas\u0131, somut olay\u0131n \u00f6zelli\u011fine g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fen durumlara kar\u015f\u0131 t\u00fcm \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri b\u00fcnyesinde bar\u0131nd\u0131rmas\u0131, bir ba\u015fka ifadeyle h\u00fckm\u00fcn amac\u0131na uygun bir \u015fekilde sonuca ula\u015ft\u0131rabilecek herhangi bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc d\u0131\u015flamas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleme ihtiyac\u0131ndan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Nitekim kanuni d\u00fczenlemelerde yoruma ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan alanlar\u0131n b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 da bu amaca hizmet etmektedir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kuralla hangi h\u00e2llerde hangi cezan\u0131n uygulanaca\u011f\u0131 hususunun herhangi bir teredd\u00fcde yer vermeyecek \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131k ve net olarak d\u00fczenlendi\u011fi g\u00f6zetildi\u011finde kural\u0131n kanunilik \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna ula\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
16. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 74. maddesinde bilgi edinme hakk\u0131n\u0131n ve -yabanc\u0131larla ilgili \u00f6zel d\u00fczenleme sakl\u0131 kalmak \u015fart\u0131yla vatanda\u015flar bak\u0131m\u0131ndan- dilek\u00e7e hakk\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in herhangi bir s\u0131n\u0131rlama nedeni \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f olmakla birlikte \u00f6zel s\u0131n\u0131rlama nedeni \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f haklar\u0131n da hakk\u0131n do\u011fas\u0131ndan kaynaklanan baz\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu kabul edilmektedir. \u00d6te yandan Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015fka maddelerinde yer alan hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler ile devlete y\u00fcklenen \u00f6devler, \u00f6zel s\u0131n\u0131rlama sebebi g\u00f6sterilmemi\u015f hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklere s\u0131n\u0131r te\u015fkil edebilir (AYM, E.2020\/47, K.2023\/36, 22\/2\/2023, \u00a7 67).<\/p>\n
17. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 5. maddesinde \u201cDevletin temel ama\u00e7 ve g\u00f6revleri, T\u00fcrk milletinin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, \u00fclkenin b\u00f6l\u00fcnmezli\u011fini, Cumhuriyeti ve demokrasiyi korumak, ki\u015filerin ve toplumun refah, huzur ve mutlulu\u011funu sa\u011flamak; ki\u015finin temel hak ve h\u00fcrriyetlerini, sosyal hukuk devleti ve adalet ilkeleriyle ba\u011fda\u015fmayacak surette s\u0131n\u0131rlayan siyasal, ekonomik ve sosyal engelleri kald\u0131rmaya, insan\u0131n madd\u00ee ve manev\u00ee varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fmesi i\u00e7in gerekli \u015fartlar\u0131 haz\u0131rlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakt\u0131r.\u201d denilmektedir.<\/p>\n
18. 442 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 74. maddesinde g\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fta ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc h\u00e2l ilan\u0131n\u0131 gerektiren sebepler ve \u015fiddet hareketlerine ait ciddi belirtilerin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlar olmak \u00fczere k\u00f6yl\u00fcn\u00fcn can\u0131na ve mal\u0131na tecav\u00fcz hareketlerinin artabilece\u011fi her durumda g\u00f6revlendirilebilecekleri, gerekti\u011finde g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7leriyle ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadele kapsam\u0131nda operasyonlara kat\u0131labilecekleri h\u00fck\u00fcm alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
19. Kural\u0131n, icra ettikleri g\u00f6revin niteli\u011fi gere\u011fi i\u00e7 g\u00fcvenlikle do\u011frudan ili\u015fkili olan g\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131n\u0131n belirli bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma d\u00fczeni ve disiplin i\u00e7erisinde hareket etmelerini, bu surette sunulan hizmetin etkin ve verimli bir \u015fekilde yerine getirilmesini sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla ihdas edildi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Kamu hizmetlerinin do\u011fru ve g\u00fcvenilir bir \u015fekilde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesinin temin edilmesi, kamu d\u00fczeninin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilerek ki\u015filerin ve toplumun refah, huzur ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flamaya hizmet etmektedir. Bu nedenle kamu d\u00fczeninin korunmas\u0131n\u0131 hedefledi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lan kural\u0131n anayasal anlamda me\u015fru bir ama\u00e7 ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
20. Kuralla dilek\u00e7e ve bilgi edinme haklar\u0131na getirilen s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 13. maddesi uyar\u0131nca demokratik toplum d\u00fczeninin gereklerine uygun ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc olmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n
21. Demokratik toplum d\u00fczeninin gerekleri kavram\u0131, \u00f6ncelikle ilgili hak y\u00f6n\u00fcnden getirilen s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131n demokratik toplum d\u00fczeni bak\u0131m\u0131ndan zorunlu ya da istisnai tedbir niteli\u011finde olmas\u0131n\u0131, ba\u015fvurulabilecek en son \u00e7are ya da al\u0131nabilecek en son \u00f6nlem olarak kendisini g\u00f6stermesini gerektirmektedir. Demokratik toplum d\u00fczeninin gereklerinden olma, bir s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n demokratik bir toplumda zorlay\u0131c\u0131 bir toplumsal ihtiyac\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 amac\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olmas\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmektedir (AYM, E.2018\/69, K.2018\/47, 31\/5\/2018, \u00a7 12).<\/p>\n
22. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 74. maddesinin temel i\u015flevi ki\u015filerin dilek\u00e7e ve bilgi edinme haklar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131d\u0131r. Nitekim bu haklar ile ba\u015fta ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc olmak \u00fczere Anayasa\u2019da g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan di\u011fer bir\u00e7ok temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck aras\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir ili\u015fki bulunmaktad\u0131r. Y\u00f6netime kar\u015f\u0131 dilek\u00e7e ve \u015fik\u00e2yetlerin bireysel veya toplu olarak bildirilmesinin, demokratik bir toplumda baz\u0131 sorunlar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in etkili bir yol oldu\u011fu, bu nedenle dilek\u00e7e hakk\u0131n\u0131n, bir siyasal hak olarak tan\u0131n\u0131p anayasal g\u00fcvenceye kavu\u015fturuldu\u011fu da a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r (AYM, E.2008\/111, K.2010\/22, 28\/1\/2010). Bu kapsamda g\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131 da di\u011fer ki\u015filer gibi dilek\u00e7e ve bilgi edinme hakk\u0131ndan yararlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n
23. Kamu hizmetlerinin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesindeki esas unsur hizmetin d\u00fczenli ve s\u00fcrekli olarak sunulmas\u0131 olup bu ba\u011flamda kurum i\u00e7i disiplinin hayati bir \u00f6neme sahip oldu\u011fu \u015f\u00fcphesizdir. G\u00fcvenlik koruculu\u011fu da yerine getirilen fonksiyonun bir gere\u011fi olarak s\u0131k\u0131 disiplin ve itaatin ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011fu bir hizmet t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bu nedenle g\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131n\u0131n di\u011fer kamu g\u00f6revlilerine nazaran faaliyetlerini daha kat\u0131 bir disiplin i\u00e7erisinde yerine getirmeleri ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmazd\u0131r. Bu itibarla s\u00f6z konusu faaliyeti icra edenlerin baz\u0131 k\u00fclfet ve sorumluluklara katlanmas\u0131 ve di\u011fer ki\u015filerin tabi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlamalara tabi tutulmalar\u0131 gerekli g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. Bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle g\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131n\u0131n idari makamlar nezdindeki m\u00fcracaat ve \u015fik\u00e2yetlerinde birtak\u0131m usullerin \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmesi ve bunlara uyulmamas\u0131n\u0131n disiplin yapt\u0131r\u0131m\u0131na ba\u011flanmas\u0131 bu kapsamda de\u011ferlendirilebilir.<\/p>\n
24. Bununla birlikte dilek\u00e7e ve bilgi edinme haklar\u0131n\u0131n hak arama \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc y\u00f6n\u00fcnden \u00f6nemi de g\u00f6zetildi\u011finde bu haklar\u0131n\u0131 kullanan ki\u015filerin yapt\u0131r\u0131ma u\u011framas\u0131n\u0131n ancak olduk\u00e7a istisnai \u015fartlarda m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n
25. Kuralda, hangi saik ile toplu h\u00e2lde m\u00fcracaat veya \u015fik\u00e2yette bulunuldu\u011fu, \u015fik\u00e2yet veya m\u00fcracaat\u0131n hukuki ve fiil\u00ee esas\u0131, \u00fcslubu, yorumlanma bi\u00e7imi ve kamu kurumuna etkilerine dair herhangi bir d\u00fczenleme bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Ba\u015fka bir ifadeyle kuralda, toplu h\u00e2lde m\u00fcracaat veya \u015fik\u00e2yette bulunman\u0131n yapt\u0131r\u0131ma ba\u011flanmas\u0131nda disiplin ve hiyerar\u015fiyi bozmak suretiyle hizmetin s\u00fcreklili\u011fini ya da d\u00fczenli bir \u015fekilde yerine getirilmesini etkilemesi, devlet kurumunun itibar\u0131n\u0131 zedelemesi, idareyi me\u015fgul etme amac\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olmas\u0131, kamusal bir s\u0131rr\u0131 if\u015fa etmesi gibi yapt\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 zorunlu h\u00e2le getirebilecek nitelikte herhangi bir \u015fart \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
26. Kuralla, herhangi bir istisna \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmeden g\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131n\u0131n toplu h\u00e2lde m\u00fcracaat veya \u015fik\u00e2yette bulunmas\u0131na kategorik olarak yasak getirilmesi, an\u0131lan ki\u015filerin Anayasa\u2019da g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan dilek\u00e7e ve bilgi edinme haklar\u0131n\u0131 toplu olarak kullanmalar\u0131n\u0131 imk\u00e2ns\u0131z h\u00e2le getirmektedir.<\/p>\n
27. Bu itibarla kuralla kamu d\u00fczeninin korunmas\u0131 amac\u0131na ula\u015fma bak\u0131m\u0131ndan dilek\u00e7e ve bilgi edinme haklar\u0131na getirilen s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n zorunlu bir toplumsal ihtiyaca kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k geldi\u011fi, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n demokratik toplum d\u00fczeninin gereklerine uygun oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenemez.<\/p>\n
28. A\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerle kural, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 13. ve 74. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130ptali gerekir.<\/p>\n
R\u0131dvan G\u00dcLE\u00c7 ve Muhterem \u0130NCE \u201cToplu \u015fik\u00e2yette bulunmak\u201d y\u00f6n\u00fcnden bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe kat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Kural\u0131n, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2. ve 5. maddelerine de ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ise de bu ba\u011flamda belirtilen hususlar\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 13. ve 74. maddeleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden yap\u0131lan de\u011ferlendirmeler kapsam\u0131nda ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 nedeniyle Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2. ve 5. maddeleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ayr\u0131ca bir inceleme yap\u0131lmas\u0131na gerek g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Kural, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 13. ve 74. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclerek iptal edildi\u011finden ayr\u0131ca Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 ile 6., 7., 10., 25., 26., 35., 36., 38., 40., 49., 70., 90., 123., 128. ve 153. maddeleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden incelenmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
2. (\u00e7) F\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (6) Numaral\u0131 Bendi<\/p>\n
a. \u0130ptal Talebinin Gerek\u00e7esi<\/p>\n
29. Dava dilek\u00e7esinde \u00f6zetle; dava konusu kuralda yer alan devletin mill\u00ee g\u00fcvenli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 faaliyette bulunan yap\u0131y\u0131, olu\u015fumu veya gruplar\u0131 ya da ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctlerini tespit etmeye yetkili merciin belirlenmedi\u011fi, kural uyar\u0131nca ki\u015filerin an\u0131lan gruplara \u00fcyelik, iltisak ya da irtibat\u0131n\u0131n bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na y\u00f6nelik kesin h\u00fck\u00fcmle sonu\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015f mahkeme karar\u0131n\u0131n aranmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, kural\u0131n bu h\u00e2liyle belirsiz ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclemez oldu\u011fu, kanunilik \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kamu yarar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, kuralla ba\u015fta adil yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenceleri olmak \u00fczere masumiyet karinesinin, etkili ba\u015fvuru hakk\u0131n\u0131n ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fi, Anayasa Mahkemesi taraf\u0131ndan verilmi\u015f benzer d\u00fczenlemelere ili\u015fkin iptal kararlar\u0131na ra\u011fmen kural\u0131n ihdas edilmesinin kuvvetler ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilkesini ihlal etti\u011fi, bu durumun milletleraras\u0131 antla\u015fmalarla da ba\u011fda\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilerek kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 ile 2., 5., 6., 7., 10., 13., 14., 36., 38., 40., 49., 70., 90., 123., 128. ve 153. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
b. Anayasa\u2019ya Ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k Sorunu<\/p>\n
i. Bentte Yer Alan \u201c\u2026\u00fcyeli\u011fi, mensubiyeti,\u2026\u201d \u0130baresi<\/p>\n
30. 442 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 74\/A maddesinin (\u00e7) f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (6) numaral\u0131 bendinde ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctlerine veya devletin mill\u00ee g\u00fcvenli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 faaliyette bulundu\u011funa karar verilen yap\u0131, olu\u015fum veya gruplara \u00fcyeli\u011fi, mensubiyeti, iltisak\u0131 veya irtibat\u0131 bulunan g\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6revden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcm alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. An\u0131lan bentte yer alan \u201c\u2026\u00fcyeli\u011fi, mensubiyeti,\u2026\u201d ibaresi dava konusu kural\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
31. \u00d6ncelikle ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctlerine \u00fcyelik ve mensubiyet kavramlar\u0131yla ki\u015filere y\u00f6nelik su\u00e7 isnad\u0131nda bulunulup bulunulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilmelidir. Ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcne \u00fcye olmak -kanundaki tan\u0131m\u0131yla su\u00e7 i\u015flemek amac\u0131yla kurulmu\u015f olan \u00f6rg\u00fcte \u00fcye olmak- 26\/9\/2004 tarihli ve 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu ile 12\/4\/1991 tarihli ve 3713 say\u0131l\u0131 Ter\u00f6rle M\u00fccadele Kanunu kapsam\u0131nda su\u00e7 olarak d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Bu nedenle kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 36. maddesinin birinci ve 38. maddesinin d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kralar\u0131nda g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan masumiyet karinesi kapsam\u0131nda incelenmesi gerekmektedir (AYM, E.2018\/75, K.2021\/61, 22\/9\/2021, \u00a7 54; E.2018\/137, K.2022\/86, 30\/6\/2022, \u00a7 222).<\/p>\n
32. Masumiyet karinesi, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 38. maddesinin d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131nda \u201cSu\u00e7lulu\u011fu h\u00fckmen sabit oluncaya kadar kimse su\u00e7lu say\u0131lamaz.\u201d \u015feklinde d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 36. maddesinde de herkesin iddia ve savunma ile adil yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131na sahip oldu\u011fu belirtilmi\u015ftir. An\u0131lan maddeye adil yarg\u0131lanma ibaresinin eklenmesine ili\u015fkin gerek\u00e7ede, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin taraf oldu\u011fu uluslararas\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerce de g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan adil yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131n\u0131n madde metnine d\u00e2hil edildi\u011fi vurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Nitekim Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u2019nin 6. maddesinin (2) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131nda kendisine bir su\u00e7 isnat edilen herkesin su\u00e7lulu\u011fu yasal olarak sabit oluncaya kadar su\u00e7suz say\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Bu itibarla masumiyet karinesi, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 36. maddesinde g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan adil yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131n\u0131n bir unsuru olmakla beraber su\u00e7lulu\u011fu h\u00fckmen sabit oluncaya kadar kimsenin su\u00e7lu say\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131na dair Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 38. maddesinin d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131nda ayr\u0131ca d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir (Adem H\u00fcseyino\u011flu, B. No: 2014\/3954, 15\/2\/2017, \u00a7 33).<\/p>\n
33. Masumiyet karinesi, hakk\u0131nda su\u00e7 isnad\u0131 bulunan bir ki\u015finin adil bir yarg\u0131lama sonucunda su\u00e7lu oldu\u011funa dair kesin h\u00fck\u00fcm tesis edilene kadar masum say\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini ifade etmektedir. S\u00f6z konusu karineye uygun hareket edilmesi hukuk devleti ilkesinin de bir gere\u011fidir. Masumiyet karinesi, ki\u015finin su\u00e7 i\u015fledi\u011fine dair kesinle\u015fmi\u015f bir yarg\u0131 karar\u0131 olmadan su\u00e7lu olarak kabul edilmemesini g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na almaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca hi\u00e7 kimse, su\u00e7lulu\u011fu h\u00fckmen sabit oluncaya kadar yarg\u0131lama makamlar\u0131 ve kamu idareleri taraf\u0131ndan su\u00e7lu olarak nitelendirilemez ve su\u00e7lu muamelesine tabi tutulamaz.<\/p>\n
34. Masumiyet karinesinin sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcvencenin iki y\u00f6n\u00fc bulunmaktad\u0131r. G\u00fcvencenin dava konusu kuralla da ili\u015fkili olan ilk y\u00f6n\u00fc; ki\u015fi hakk\u0131ndaki ceza yarg\u0131lamas\u0131 sonu\u00e7lan\u0131ncaya kadar ge\u00e7en, bir ba\u015fka ifadeyle ki\u015finin ceza gerektiren bir su\u00e7la itham edildi\u011fi (su\u00e7 isnad\u0131 alt\u0131nda oldu\u011fu) s\u00fcrece ili\u015fkin olup su\u00e7lu oldu\u011funa dair h\u00fck\u00fcm tesis edilene kadar ki\u015finin su\u00e7lulu\u011fu ve eylemleri hakk\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131klamalarda bulunulmamas\u0131n\u0131, su\u00e7luymu\u015f gibi hakk\u0131nda herhangi bir i\u015flem tesis edilmemesini gerektirir. G\u00fcvencenin bu y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn kapsam\u0131 sadece ceza yarg\u0131lamas\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcten mahkemeyle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 de\u011fildir. G\u00fcvence ayn\u0131 zamanda di\u011fer t\u00fcm idari ve adli makamlar\u0131n da i\u015flem ve kararlar\u0131nda, su\u00e7lulu\u011fu h\u00fckmen sabit oluncaya kadar ki\u015finin su\u00e7lu oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcnde ima ya da a\u00e7\u0131klamalarda bulunulmamas\u0131n\u0131, i\u015flem tesis edilmemesini gerekli k\u0131lar. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla sadece su\u00e7 isnad\u0131na konu ceza yarg\u0131lamas\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda de\u011fil ceza yarg\u0131lamas\u0131 ile e\u015f zamanl\u0131 olarak y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen di\u011fer hukuki s\u00fcre\u00e7 ve yarg\u0131lamalarda da (idari, hukuk, disiplin gibi) masumiyet karinesinin ihlali s\u00f6z konusu olabilir (baz\u0131 farklarla birlikte bkz. Galip \u015eahin, B. No: 2015\/6075, 11\/6\/2018, \u00a7 39).<\/p>\n
35. Kural; ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctlerine veya devletin mill\u00ee g\u00fcvenli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 faaliyette bulundu\u011funa karar verilen yap\u0131, olu\u015fum veya gruplara \u00fcye veya mensup olan g\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6revle olan ili\u015fiklerinin kesilmesini \u00f6ng\u00f6rmektedir. Kural uyar\u0131nca g\u00f6revden \u00e7\u0131karma \u015feklindeki idari yapt\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n uygulanabilmesi i\u00e7in g\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131 hakk\u0131nda adli s\u00fcrecin ba\u015flamas\u0131 gerekmedi\u011fi gibi bu ki\u015filerin ceza mahkemesince kesin h\u00fck\u00fcmle mahk\u00fbm edilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 \u015fart\u0131 da aranmamaktad\u0131r. G\u00f6revden \u00e7\u0131karma i\u015flemi i\u00e7in g\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131n\u0131n an\u0131lan yap\u0131lara \u00fcye veya mensup olduklar\u0131na dair de\u011ferlendirmenin idare taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lmas\u0131 yeterli g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Bu durum masumiyet karinesinin birinci boyutunu olu\u015fturan ve bir kimsenin su\u00e7lu oldu\u011fu kesinle\u015fmi\u015f bir mahkeme karar\u0131yla tespit edilene kadar ona su\u00e7lu gibi muamele edilemeyece\u011fine ili\u015fkin g\u00fcvenceyle ba\u011fda\u015fmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
36. Nitekim Anayasa Mahkemesi daha \u00f6nceki kararlar\u0131nda da devletin mill\u00ee g\u00fcvenli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 faaliyette bulundu\u011funa karar verilen yap\u0131, olu\u015fum, grup veya ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctlerine \u00fcyeli\u011fi veya mensubiyeti bulunanlar\u0131n kamu g\u00f6revinden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6ren d\u00fczenlemelerin ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc \u00fcyeli\u011fi su\u00e7undan ceza soru\u015fturmas\u0131 veya kovu\u015fturmas\u0131na maruz kalan ancak haklar\u0131ndaki s\u00fcre\u00e7 tamamlan\u0131p su\u00e7lu olduklar\u0131na dair kesin h\u00fck\u00fcm tesis edilmeyen ki\u015filerin ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc \u00fcyesi veya mensubu olarak nitelendirilmelerine sebebiyet verebilece\u011fini, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kesinle\u015fmi\u015f mahk\u00fbmiyet h\u00fckm\u00fc olmadan ki\u015filerin su\u00e7lu say\u0131lmas\u0131na neden olabilecek ifadeler i\u00e7eren kurallar\u0131n masumiyet karinesini ihlal etti\u011fi sonucuna ula\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (AYM, E.2018\/81, K.2021\/45, 24\/6\/2021, \u00a7 58 ; E.2018\/75, K.2021\/61, 22\/9\/2021, \u00a7 58; E.2018\/137, K.2022\/86, 30\/6\/2022, \u00a7 226; E.2018\/80, K.2022\/136, 9\/11\/2022, \u00a7 12; E.2018\/84, K.2022\/132, 9\/11\/2022, \u00a7 12). An\u0131lan kararlarda ayr\u0131ca Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 15. maddesinde ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc h\u00e2l \u015fartlar\u0131nda dahi masumiyet karinesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 i\u015flem yap\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n h\u00fckme ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
37. Bu itibarla kural kapsam\u0131nda, haklar\u0131nda kesin bir mahk\u00fbmiyet karar\u0131 verilmedi\u011fi h\u00e2lde ki\u015filerin idare taraf\u0131ndan su\u00e7lu kabul edilmesi masumiyet karinesine ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
38. A\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenle kural, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 36. ve 38. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130ptali gerekir.<\/p>\n
Kural, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 36. ve 38. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclerek iptal edildi\u011finden ayr\u0131ca Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 ile 2., 5., 6., 7., 10., 13., 14., 40., 49., 70., 90., 123., 128. ve 153. maddeleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden incelenmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
ii. Bendin Kalan K\u0131sm\u0131<\/p>\n
39. 30\/3\/2011 tarihli ve 6216 say\u0131l\u0131 Anayasa Mahkemesinin Kurulu\u015fu ve Yarg\u0131lama Usulleri Hakk\u0131nda Kanun’un 43. maddesi uyar\u0131nca kural, ilgisi nedeniyle Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 20. maddesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnden de incelenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
40. Kuralda ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctlerine veya devletin mill\u00ee g\u00fcvenli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 faaliyette bulundu\u011funa karar verilen yap\u0131, olu\u015fum veya gruplara iltisak\u0131 veya irtibat\u0131 bulunan g\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6revden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n
41. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n \u201c\u00d6zel hayat\u0131n gizlili\u011fi\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 20. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda \u201cHerkes, \u00f6zel hayat\u0131na ve aile hayat\u0131na sayg\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmesini isteme hakk\u0131na sahiptir. \u00d6zel hayat\u0131n ve aile hayat\u0131n\u0131n gizlili\u011fine dokunulamaz.\u201d h\u00fckm\u00fc yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
42. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n an\u0131lan maddesinin gerek\u00e7esinde de belirtildi\u011fi \u00fczere \u00f6zel hayata sayg\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmesini isteme hakk\u0131 bir y\u00f6n\u00fcyle \u00f6zel hayat\u0131n gizlili\u011finin korunmas\u0131n\u0131, ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6zleri \u00f6n\u00fcne serilmemesini, bir ba\u015fka ifadeyle ki\u015finin \u00f6zel hayat\u0131nda ya\u015fananlar\u0131n yaln\u0131z kendisi veya kendisinin bilmesini istedi\u011fi kimseler taraf\u0131ndan bilinmesini isteme hakk\u0131n\u0131 korurken di\u011fer y\u00f6n\u00fcyle resm\u00ee makamlar\u0131n \u00f6zel hayata m\u00fcdahale edememesi yani ki\u015finin ferd\u00ee ve aile hayat\u0131n\u0131 kendi anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi d\u00fczenleyip ya\u015fayabilmesi hakk\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na almaktad\u0131r (AYM, E.2018\/81, K.2021\/45, 24\/6\/2021, \u00a7 69).<\/p>\n
43. Anayasa Mahkemesi kararlar\u0131nda; \u00f6zel hayata sayg\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmesini isteme hakk\u0131n\u0131n ki\u015finin \u00e7evresinde bulunanlarla temas kurma hakk\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erdi\u011fi, ki\u015filerin mesleki hayatlar\u0131 ile \u00f6zel hayatlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda s\u0131k\u0131 bir ili\u015fkinin bulundu\u011fu, ki\u015finin mesle\u011fi ile ilgili tasarruflar\u0131n \u00f6zel hayata sayg\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmesini isteme hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekti\u011fi ifade edilmi\u015ftir (Serap Tortuk, B. No: 2013\/9660, 21\/1\/2015, \u00a7 36; B\u00fclent Polat [GK], B. No: 2013\/7666, 10\/12\/2015, \u00a7 62).<\/p>\n
44. Meslek hayat\u0131 ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 kazan\u0131mlar ile sosyal stat\u00fcy\u00fc etkileyen bir d\u00fczenlemenin sebep unsurunu \u00f6zel hayata ili\u015fkin davran\u0131\u015flar olu\u015fturmamakla birlikte s\u00f6z konusu d\u00fczenleme, sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 itibar\u0131yla ki\u015filerin \u00f6zel hayat\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkileyebilir (AYM, E.2018\/159, K.2019\/93, 24\/12\/2019, \u00a7 16).<\/p>\n
45. Bununla birlikte \u00f6zel hayata ili\u015fkin herhangi bir nedene dayanmayan ve ki\u015filerin mesleki hayatlar\u0131na ya da sosyal stat\u00fclerine y\u00f6nelik m\u00fcdahaleler ya da tedbirler i\u00e7eren her durumun do\u011frudan do\u011fruya \u00f6zel hayata sayg\u0131 hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Bu t\u00fcrden m\u00fcdahalelerin konu oldu\u011fu s\u00fcre\u00e7ler \u00f6zel hayata sayg\u0131 hakk\u0131n\u0131n incelenmesini ve g\u00fcvencelerinin harekete ge\u00e7irilmesini sa\u011flamaya elveri\u015fli olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Mesleki hayata ve sosyal stat\u00fcye y\u00f6nelik olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen m\u00fcdahalelerin ya da al\u0131nan tedbirlerin ki\u015filerin sosyal ya\u015famlar\u0131na ve \u00e7evreleriyle kuracaklar\u0131 ileti\u015fime, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u00f6zel hayatlar\u0131na dolayl\u0131 da olsa bir etkisinin olaca\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir olsa da bu kapsamdaki ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f ya da ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi muhtemel etkinin meselenin \u00f6zel hayata sayg\u0131 hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda ele al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 gerekli k\u0131lacak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ciddi ve asgari bir a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k d\u00fczeyinde oldu\u011funun ortaya konulmas\u0131 gerekir (baz\u0131 farklarla birlikte bkz. C.A. (3) [GK], B. No: 2018\/10286, 2\/7\/2020, \u00a7 93).<\/p>\n
46. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede \u00f6zel hayata ili\u015fkin herhangi bir nedene dayan\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n mesleki hayata ve sosyal stat\u00fcye y\u00f6nelen m\u00fcdahalelerin ya da tedbirlerin \u00f6zel hayata sayg\u0131 hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilebilmesi i\u00e7in muhataplar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zel hayatlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde ciddi etkisinin olmas\u0131 veya bu d\u00fczeyde bir etkinin do\u011fmas\u0131n\u0131n muhtemel olmas\u0131 gerekir. Bu t\u00fcrden bir meselenin \u00f6zel hayata sayg\u0131 hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda incelenmesini gerekli k\u0131lan asgari a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k d\u00fczeyinde olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesinde ki\u015finin i\u00e7 d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda, sosyal \u00e7evresinde ve itibar\u0131nda meydana gelen etkinin derecesi ile mesleki hayata y\u00f6nelik m\u00fcdahalelerin ya da tedbirlerin nedenlerine ili\u015fkin hususlar dikkate al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r (baz\u0131 farklarla birlikte bkz. C.A. (3), \u00a7 94).<\/p>\n
47. Kural uyar\u0131nca g\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131n\u0131n ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctlerine veya devletin mill\u00ee g\u00fcvenli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 faaliyette bulundu\u011funa karar verilen yap\u0131, olu\u015fum veya gruplara iltisakl\u0131 veya irtibatl\u0131 olduklar\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle g\u00f6revden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131n meslek ve sosyal hayatlar\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filerle kuracaklar\u0131 ili\u015fkiler ve itibarlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde ciddi etkiler olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131, an\u0131lan ki\u015filerin bu durumdan duyaca\u011f\u0131 \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fc ve \u0131zd\u0131rab\u0131n \u00f6zel hayata ili\u015fkin de\u011ferlere temas etti\u011fini kabul etmek gerekir (benzer y\u00f6nde de\u011ferlendirme i\u00e7in bkz. AYM, E.2018\/77, K.2023\/105, 31\/5\/2023, \u00a7 280).<\/p>\n
48. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede kuralla Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 20. maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen ki\u015filerin \u00f6zel hayat\u0131na sayg\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmesini isteme hakk\u0131na s\u0131n\u0131rlama getirilmektedir.<\/p>\n
49. Kuralda yer alan ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc kavram\u0131 3713 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 7. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda cebir ve \u015fiddet kullan\u0131larak; bask\u0131, korkutma, y\u0131ld\u0131rma, sindirme veya tehdit y\u00f6ntemlerinden biriyle, Anayasa\u2019da belirtilen Cumhuriyet\u2019in niteliklerini, siyasi, hukuki, sosyal, laik, ekonomik d\u00fczeni de\u011fi\u015ftirmek, devletin \u00fclkesi ve milletiyle b\u00f6l\u00fcnmez b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc bozmak, T\u00fcrk Devleti\u2019nin ve Cumhuriyet\u2019in varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tehlikeye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek, devlet otoritesini zaafa u\u011fratmak veya y\u0131kmak veya ele ge\u00e7irmek, temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri yok etmek, devletin i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f g\u00fcvenli\u011fini, kamu d\u00fczenini veya genel sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bozmak ama\u00e7lar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olarak su\u00e7 i\u015flemek \u00fczere kurulmu\u015f \u00f6rg\u00fctler olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu itibarla kuralda ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc kavram\u0131n\u0131n belirsiz ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclemez oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenemez.<\/p>\n
50. Kurala yer alan \u201c\u2026Devletin mill\u00ee g\u00fcvenli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 faaliyette bulundu\u011funa karar verilen\u2026\u201d ibaresinde ge\u00e7en mill\u00ee g\u00fcvenlik kavram\u0131n\u0131n doktrin, uygulama ve yarg\u0131 kararlar\u0131yla zaman i\u00e7inde anlam kazand\u0131r\u0131larak genel \u00e7er\u00e7evesi belirlenmi\u015f ve i\u00e7eri\u011fi somutla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (benzer y\u00f6nde de\u011ferlendirme i\u00e7in bkz. AYM, E.2011\/44, K.2012\/99, 21\/6\/2012; E.2013\/84, K.2014\/183, 4\/12\/2014). Bu nedenle an\u0131lan kavramda herhangi bir belirsizlik bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
51. Devletin mill\u00ee g\u00fcvenli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 icra edilecek faaliyetler ise faaliyetin t\u00fcr\u00fc, amac\u0131 ve niteli\u011fine g\u00f6re farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterebilir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla mill\u00ee g\u00fcvenli\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 olan faaliyetin \u00f6nceden belirlenmesi zordur. Bu nedenle kanun koyucunun somut olay\u0131n \u00f6zelli\u011fine g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015febilecek t\u00fcm \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri h\u00fckm\u00fcn b\u00fcnyesinde bar\u0131nd\u0131ran genel bir belirleme yaparak devletin mill\u00ee g\u00fcvenli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 faaliyette bulundu\u011funa karar verilen yap\u0131, olu\u015fum veya gruplarla iltisakl\u0131 veya irtibatl\u0131 olan g\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131 hakk\u0131nda g\u00f6revden \u00e7\u0131karma \u015feklinde idari yapt\u0131r\u0131m \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla an\u0131lan kavramda belirsizlik oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenemez.<\/p>\n
52. \u00d6te yandan kanun koyucu, herhangi bir istisnaya yer vermeksizin, mill\u00ee g\u00fcvenli\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 faaliyette bulunma amac\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan her t\u00fcrl\u00fc yap\u0131, olu\u015fum veya grubun kural\u0131n kapsam\u0131nda bulundu\u011funu da teredd\u00fcde yer vermeyecek \u015fekilde h\u00fck\u00fcm alt\u0131na alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kural uyar\u0131nca bir yap\u0131, olu\u015fum veya grubun devletin mill\u00ee g\u00fcvenli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 faaliyette bulundu\u011fu ve g\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131n\u0131n da bu yap\u0131, olu\u015fum veya grupla irtibat veya iltisak\u0131 bulundu\u011fu somut olay\u0131n \u00f6zelli\u011fine g\u00f6re kanuna dayal\u0131 olarak idare taraf\u0131ndan belirlenecek ise de idarenin bu i\u015flemi mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan denetlenece\u011finden idare taraf\u0131ndan bir yap\u0131, olu\u015fum veya grupla ilgili yap\u0131lacak belirlemenin hukuka uygunlu\u011fu ve bu ba\u011flamda g\u00fcvenlik korucusunun fiilinin nihai olarak kapsam\u0131 kanuna dayal\u0131 olarak yarg\u0131 karar\u0131yla ortaya konulacakt\u0131r (ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctleriyle eylem birli\u011fi i\u00e7erisinde olmak ibaresinin belirlili\u011fi ilgili olarak benzer y\u00f6nde de\u011ferlendirme i\u00e7in bkz. AYM, E.2018\/73, K.2019\/65, 24\/7\/2019, \u00a7 186).<\/p>\n
53. Kuralda yer alan iltisak ve irtibat kavramlar\u0131 ile ilgili olarak Anayasa Mahkemesi 14\/11\/2019 tarihli ve E.2018\/89, K.2019\/84 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda, iltisakl\u0131 kavram\u0131n\u0131n kavu\u015fan, biti\u015fen, birle\u015fen; irtibatl\u0131 kavram\u0131n\u0131n ise ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 anlam\u0131na geldi\u011fini, bu ibarelerin genel kavram niteli\u011finde oldu\u011funu, objektif anlam\u0131n\u0131n kapsam ve s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n durum ve \u015fartlara g\u00f6re yarg\u0131 i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131yla de\u011ferlendirilerek belirlenebilece\u011fini, bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle an\u0131lan ifadelerin kategorik olarak belirsiz oldu\u011funun s\u00f6ylenemeyece\u011fini ifade etmi\u015ftir (ayn\u0131 kararda bkz. \u00a7\u00a7 30, 31). Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kapsam ve s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n tespiti m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan s\u00f6z konusu ifadelerin de belirsiz oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenemez.<\/p>\n
54. Di\u011fer yandan an\u0131lan kavramlar\u0131n, i\u00e7inde bulunulan d\u00f6neme g\u00f6re farkl\u0131 yorumlanabilmesi de m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ola\u011fan d\u00f6nemde an\u0131lan ba\u011f\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olarak yap\u0131lacak de\u011ferlendirmenin somut olgulara dayal\u0131 bir temele sahip bulunmas\u0131 esas\u0131n\u0131n benimsenmesi, kanunlar\u0131n Anayasa\u2019ya uygun olarak yorumlanmas\u0131 gere\u011finin do\u011fal bir sonucudur (AYM, E.2018\/89, K.2019\/84, 14\/11\/2019, \u00a7 31, 32).<\/p>\n
55. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra kuralda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctleriyle veya devletin mill\u00ee g\u00fcvenli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 faaliyette bulundu\u011funa karar verilen yap\u0131, olu\u015fum veya gruplarla irtibatl\u0131 veya iltisakl\u0131 olma durumu farkl\u0131 \u015fekillerde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilece\u011finden bunlar\u0131n kanun koyucu taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6nceden belirlenmesi ve kanunda tek tek say\u0131lmas\u0131 zorunlulu\u011fundan da s\u00f6z edilemez (AYM, E.2018\/89, K.2019\/84, 14\/11\/2019, \u00a7 33).<\/p>\n
56. Kuralda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen fiile kar\u015f\u0131 uygulanacak yapt\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n da a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi g\u00f6zetildi\u011finde kural\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k, anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r ve s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n belirli oldu\u011fu, bu kapsamda kural\u0131n kanunilik \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna ula\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
57. Disiplin cezalar\u0131, kamu hizmetlerinin gere\u011fi gibi y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesini sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f yapma veya yapmama bi\u00e7iminde beliren davran\u0131\u015f kurallar\u0131n\u0131n ihlali h\u00e2linde uygulanan idari yapt\u0131r\u0131mlard\u0131r. Kamu hizmeti y\u00fcr\u00fctenlerin g\u00f6rev, yetki ve sorumluluklar\u0131 hizmet gerekleri ile s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f; bu s\u0131n\u0131rlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kanlar\u0131n ise disiplin cezalar\u0131 ile cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmalar\u0131 ilgili kanunlarda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr (AYM, E.2018\/30, K.2018\/94, 25\/9\/2018, \u00a7 16; E.2021\/16, K.2021\/62, 22\/9\/2021, \u00a7 12).<\/p>\n
58. Ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctlerine veya devletin mill\u00ee g\u00fcvenli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 faaliyette bulundu\u011funa karar verilen yap\u0131, olu\u015fum veya gruplara iltisak\u0131 yahut bunlarla irtibat\u0131 oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esiyle g\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131 hakk\u0131nda g\u00f6revden \u00e7\u0131karma \u015feklinde disiplin cezas\u0131 uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6ren kural\u0131n mill\u00ee g\u00fcvenlik ve kamu d\u00fczeninin sa\u011flanarak buna ili\u015fkin hizmetlerin etkin ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesine y\u00f6nelik me\u015fru bir amac\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r (AYM, E.2018\/137, K.2022\/86, 30\/6\/2022, \u00a7 513).<\/p>\n
59. Ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctleri veya devletin mill\u00ee g\u00fcvenli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 faaliyette bulundu\u011funa karar verilen yap\u0131, olu\u015fum veya gruplarla irtibatl\u0131 veya iltisakl\u0131 olan g\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6revlerine devam etmesinin kamu hizmetlerinin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesini engelleyebilecek veya zorla\u015ft\u0131rabilecek nitelikte oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla an\u0131lan ki\u015filerin g\u00f6revden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmalar\u0131 suretiyle mill\u00ee g\u00fcvenlik ve kamu d\u00fczeninin sa\u011flanarak kamu hizmetinin d\u00fczenli ve s\u00fcrekli olarak y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesini ama\u00e7layan kural\u0131n demokratik bir toplumda zorunlu bir toplumsal ihtiyac\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamaya y\u00f6nelik olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenemez.<\/p>\n
60. Kuralla ki\u015filerin \u00f6zel hayat\u0131na sayg\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmesini isteme hakk\u0131na getirilen s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 13. maddesi uyar\u0131nca \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc de olmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n
61. \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesi ise elveri\u015flilik, gereklilik ve orant\u0131l\u0131l\u0131k olmak \u00fczere \u00fc\u00e7 alt ilkeden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Elveri\u015flilik \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n ula\u015f\u0131lmak istenen amac\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmeye elveri\u015fli olmas\u0131n\u0131, gereklilik ula\u015f\u0131lmak istenen ama\u00e7 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n zorunlu olmas\u0131n\u0131 di\u011fer bir ifadeyle ayn\u0131 amaca daha hafif bir s\u0131n\u0131rlama ile ula\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmamas\u0131n\u0131, orant\u0131l\u0131l\u0131k ise ama\u00e7 ile ara\u00e7 aras\u0131nda adil bir denge kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirmektedir.<\/p>\n
62. \u0130\u00e7 g\u00fcvenlikle do\u011frudan ili\u015fkili bir g\u00f6rev icra eden g\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131ndan ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctleri veya devletin mill\u00ee g\u00fcvenli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 faaliyette bulundu\u011funa karar verilen yap\u0131, olu\u015fum veya gruplarla irtibatl\u0131 veya iltisakl\u0131 olanlar\u0131n g\u00f6revden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131n yukar\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131klanan me\u015fru amaca ula\u015fma bak\u0131m\u0131ndan elveri\u015fli ve gerekli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenemez.<\/p>\n
63. Kural kapsam\u0131nda idare taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6revden \u00e7\u0131karma cezas\u0131 uygulan\u0131rken izlenecek usul ve esas al\u0131nacak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fctlerin orant\u0131l\u0131l\u0131k incelemesinde dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n
64. Kural uyar\u0131nca g\u00f6revden \u00e7\u0131karmaya esas al\u0131nan fiillerin irtibat ve iltisak kapsam\u0131nda bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tespitinde idarenin takdir yetkisi bulunmakla birlikte bu yetki s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z nitelikte de\u011fildir. Kuralda temel \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct olarak \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen, kavu\u015fan, biti\u015fen, birle\u015fen anlam\u0131na gelen iltisakl\u0131 kavram\u0131 ile iki unsur aras\u0131nda ili\u015fki sa\u011flamay\u0131 ifade eden irtibatl\u0131 kavramlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda derece\/a\u015fama ve yo\u011funluk olarak fark bulunsa da kural ba\u011flam\u0131nda s\u00f6z konusu kavramlar\u0131n ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc veya benzeri yap\u0131lar\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve amac\u0131n\u0131n benimsenerek hareket edilmesi ya da farkl\u0131 nedenlerle de olsa s\u00f6z konusu \u00f6rg\u00fct ya da yap\u0131n\u0131n faaliyetleriyle ilgili ve uyumlu davran\u0131\u015flarda bulunulmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na geldi\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Ba\u015fka bir ifadeyle kural kapsam\u0131nda g\u00f6revden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmay\u0131 gerektiren fiillerin, mill\u00ee g\u00fcvenli\u011fe ayk\u0131r\u0131 faaliyette bulunan \u00f6rg\u00fct veya olu\u015fumlar\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve amac\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7selle\u015ftirildi\u011fi ya da ola\u011fanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucunu do\u011furmaya elveri\u015fli olmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n
65. Di\u011fer yandan irtibatl\u0131 ve iltisakl\u0131 olma hususu, somut olarak ispatlanabilir olay ve olgulara dayanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Kural uyar\u0131nca g\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131 hakk\u0131nda g\u00f6revden \u00e7\u0131karma \u015feklinde disiplin cezas\u0131 uygulan\u0131rken idarenin s\u00fcbjektif, soyut, tahmine, varsay\u0131ma ya da olgusal temellerden yoksun \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131mlara dayal\u0131 olarak yapaca\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmelerin keyf\u00ee uygulamalara yol a\u00e7abilece\u011fi ortadad\u0131r. Ba\u015fka bir ifadeyle irtibat ve iltisaka esas al\u0131nan fiillerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (ger\u00e7eklik) ile bunlar\u0131n hakikaten irtibat ve iltisak boyutunda oldu\u011funun (hukuksal nitelendirme) objektif ve kabul edilebilir gerek\u00e7elerle ortaya konulmas\u0131 gerekmektedir (AYM, E.2018\/137, K.2022\/86, 30\/6\/2022, \u00a7\u00a7 524, 525).<\/p>\n
66. 442 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 74\/C maddesinde g\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131n\u0131n disiplin i\u015flemlerine ili\u015fkin olarak bu Kanun\u2019da h\u00fck\u00fcm bulunmayan h\u00e2llerde 14\/7\/1965 tarihli ve 657 say\u0131l\u0131 Devlet Memurlar\u0131 Kanunu\u2019nun h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin uygulanaca\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Buna g\u00f6re hakk\u0131nda g\u00f6revden \u00e7\u0131karma cezas\u0131 uygulanmas\u0131 talep edilen g\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131na ili\u015fkin -657 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 125. ve devam\u0131 maddeleri uyar\u0131nca- haklar\u0131ndaki isnatlara cevap verme ve bunlara kar\u015f\u0131 delil sunma imk\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir soru\u015fturma s\u00fcrecinin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclece\u011fi ve bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 neticesinde somut olgu ve olaylar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde iddia, savunma ve deliller tart\u0131\u015f\u0131larak ula\u015f\u0131lan sonucun dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 maddi ve hukuki temelleri g\u00f6steren gerek\u00e7elerin a\u00e7\u0131klanarak disiplin cezas\u0131n\u0131n uygulanabilece\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Verilen karara kar\u015f\u0131 idari makamlara itiraz yolu \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi yarg\u0131 yoluna ba\u015fvurma g\u00fcvencesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan herhangi bir s\u0131n\u0131rlama getirilmedi\u011finden kural\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131ndan do\u011facak uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131n yarg\u0131ya ta\u015f\u0131nabilmesi de m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
67. Buna g\u00f6re Kanun\u2019da ve Kanun\u2019un at\u0131fta bulundu\u011fu 657 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019da kural\u0131n amac\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda keyf\u00ee olarak uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleyecek yasal g\u00fcvencelere yer verildi\u011finden kuralla ula\u015f\u0131lmak istenen me\u015fru ama\u00e7 ile bireyin \u00f6zel hayat\u0131na yap\u0131lan s\u0131n\u0131rlama aras\u0131nda bulunmas\u0131 gereken makul dengenin g\u00f6zetildi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu itibarla kural\u0131n ki\u015filerin \u00f6zel hayat\u0131na sayg\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmesini isteme hakk\u0131na orant\u0131s\u0131z, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcz bir s\u0131n\u0131rlama getirmedi\u011fi sonucuna ula\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
68. A\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerle kural Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 13. ve 20. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 de\u011fildir. \u0130ptal talebinin reddi gerekir.<\/p>\n
Kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2., 5., 36., 38., 40. ve 128. maddelerine de ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ise de bu ba\u011flamda belirtilen hususlar Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 13. ve 20. maddeleri kapsam\u0131nda ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fundan Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2., 5., 36., 38., 40. ve 128. maddeleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ayr\u0131ca bir inceleme yap\u0131lmas\u0131na gerek g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 ile 6., 7., 10., 14., 49., 70., 90., 123. ve 153. maddeleriyle ilgisi g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
B. Kanun\u2019un 4. Maddesiyle 3201 Say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019a Eklenen Ge\u00e7ici 31. Maddenin \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc F\u0131kras\u0131nda Yer Alan \u201c…Emniyet Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnce belirlenir.\u201d \u0130baresinin \u0130ncelenmesi<\/p>\n
1. Anlam ve Kapsam<\/p>\n
69. 3201 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un ge\u00e7ici 31. maddesinde emniyet hizmetleri s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131nda devlet memuru olarak g\u00f6rev yapmaktayken memuriyetle ili\u015fi\u011fi kesinlere dair d\u00fczenleme yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. An\u0131lan maddenin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda Emniyet Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc e\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131na giri\u015fte aranan sa\u011fl\u0131k \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131mad\u0131klar\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle e\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131ndan ili\u015fi\u011fi kesilenlerden, yarg\u0131 karar\u0131na istinaden e\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011fretime devam ederek mezun olan ve polis memuru veya polis amiri r\u00fctbesiyle emniyet hizmetleri s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na atanan ancak sonras\u0131nda sa\u011fl\u0131k sebeplerine dayanan yarg\u0131 karar\u0131 gere\u011fince devlet memurlu\u011fundan ili\u015fi\u011fi kesilmi\u015f olanlar\u0131n, bu maddenin y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011fi tarihten itibaren alt\u0131 ay i\u00e7inde Emniyet Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ba\u015fvurmalar\u0131 h\u00e2linde genel idare hizmetleri s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131nda durumlar\u0131na uygun \u00fcnvana atamalar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcm alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
70. Maddenin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131 uyar\u0131nca bu madde kapsam\u0131nda yap\u0131lacak atamalarda 657 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 48. maddesinde \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen devlet memurlu\u011funa al\u0131nacaklarda aranan genel ve \u00f6zel \u015fartlar ile emniyet hizmetleri s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan di\u011fer hizmet s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131ktan yap\u0131lacak atamalar i\u00e7in belirlenmi\u015f olan sa\u011fl\u0131k \u015fartlar\u0131na uygunluk aranacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
71. Maddenin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131nda da devlet memurlu\u011funa bu madde kapsam\u0131nda yap\u0131lacak olan a\u00e7\u0131ktan atama i\u015flemleri ile ilgili di\u011fer usul ve esaslar\u0131n Emniyet Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnce belirlenece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olup an\u0131lan f\u0131krada yer alan \u201c\u2026Emniyet Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnce belirlenir.\u201d ibaresi dava konusu kural\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
2. \u0130ptal Talebinin Gerek\u00e7esi<\/p>\n
72. Dava dilek\u00e7esinde \u00f6zetle; dava konusu kural\u0131n da yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ge\u00e7ici madde uyar\u0131nca atamas\u0131 yap\u0131lacak ki\u015filerin kamu g\u00f6revlisi oldu\u011fu, bu ki\u015filerin atamalar\u0131na ili\u015fkin hususlar\u0131n kanunla d\u00fczenlenmesi gerekti\u011fi, kuralda atamaya ili\u015fkin temel ilkeler ortaya konulmaks\u0131z\u0131n ve herhangi bir \u00e7er\u00e7eve \u00e7izilmeksizin usul ve esaslar\u0131 belirleme yetkisinin idarenin d\u00fczenleyici i\u015flemlerine b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, kural\u0131n bu h\u00e2liyle kanunilik \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamad\u0131\u011f\u0131, kuralla ki\u015filer bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hakk\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli ortam ve f\u0131rsat e\u015fitli\u011finin sa\u011flanamayaca\u011f\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n bozulaca\u011f\u0131, kural\u0131n kamu yarar\u0131na da y\u00f6nelik olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, Anayasa Mahkemesi taraf\u0131ndan verilmi\u015f benzer d\u00fczenlemelere ili\u015fkin iptal kararlar\u0131na ra\u011fmen kural\u0131n ihdas edilmesinin kuvvetler ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilkesini ihlal etti\u011fi, bu durumun milletleraras\u0131 antla\u015fmalarla da ba\u011fda\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilerek kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 ile 2., 5., 6., 7., 10., 13., 49., 70., 90., 123., 128. ve 153. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
3. Anayasa\u2019ya Ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k Sorunu<\/p>\n
73. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 7. maddesinde \u201cYasama yetkisi T\u00fcrk Milleti ad\u0131na T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisinindir. Bu yetki devredilemez.\u201d denilmektedir. Yasama yetkisinin T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisine ait olmas\u0131 ve bu yetkinin devredilememesi, kuvvetler ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilkesinin bir gere\u011fidir. Bu h\u00fckme yer veren Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 7. maddesinin gerek\u00e7esinde yasama yetkisinin parlamentoya ait olmas\u0131 \u201cdemokrasi rejimini benimseyen siyasi rejimlerde ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz bir durum\u201d olarak nitelendirilmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca, gerek\u00e7ede \u201cMillet ad\u0131na kanun koyma yetkisini yasama meclisi yerine getirir. Bu yetki devredilemez. Ancak, Anayasan\u0131n 99 ve 129 uncu maddeleri h\u00fck\u00fcmleri sakl\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d denilmek suretiyle bu ilkenin anlam\u0131 ve istisnalar\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir. Madde gerek\u00e7esinden de anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere yasama yetkisinin devredilemezli\u011fi, esasen kanun koyma yetkisinin T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ba\u015fka bir organca kullan\u0131lamamas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmektedir. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 7. maddesi ile yasaklanan, kanun yapma yetkisinin devredilmesidir (AYM, E.2011\/42, K.2013\/60, 9\/5\/2013; E.2021\/73, K.2022\/51, 21\/4\/2022, \u00a7 15).<\/p>\n
74. T\u00fcrevsel nitelikteki d\u00fczenleyici i\u015flemler bak\u0131m\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fctmenin d\u00fczenleme yetkisi; s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131, tamamlay\u0131c\u0131 ve ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 bir yetkidir. Bu i\u015flemler bak\u0131m\u0131ndan kural olarak kanun koyucunun genel ifadelerle y\u00fcr\u00fctme organ\u0131n\u0131 yetkilendirmesi yeterli olmakla birlikte Anayasa\u2019da kanunla d\u00fczenlenmesi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen konularda genel ifadelerle y\u00fcr\u00fctme organ\u0131na d\u00fczenleme yapma yetkisi verilmesi yasama yetkisinin devredilmezli\u011fi ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k olu\u015fturabilmektedir. Bu nedenle Anayasa\u2019da temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, vergi ve benzeri mali y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerin konulmas\u0131 ve memurlar\u0131n atanmas\u0131, \u00f6zl\u00fck haklar\u0131 gibi m\u00fcnhas\u0131ran kanunla d\u00fczenlenmesi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen konularda kanunun temel esaslar\u0131, ilkeleri ve \u00e7er\u00e7eveyi belirlemi\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Anayasa koyucunun a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a kanunla d\u00fczenlenmesini \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc konularda yasama organ\u0131n\u0131n temel kurallar\u0131 saptad\u0131ktan sonra uzmanl\u0131k ve idare tekni\u011fine ili\u015fkin hususlar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctmenin t\u00fcrevsel nitelikteki i\u015flemlerine b\u0131rakmas\u0131, yasama yetkisinin devri olarak yorumlanamaz (AYM, E.2011\/42, K.2013\/60, 9\/5\/2013; E.2019\/36, K.2021\/15, 4\/3\/2021, \u00a7 57).<\/p>\n
75. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 70. maddesinde \u201cHer T\u00fcrk, kamu hizmetlerine girme hakk\u0131na sahiptir.\/Hizmete al\u0131nmada, g\u00f6revin gerektirdi\u011fi niteliklerden ba\u015fka hi\u00e7bir ay\u0131r\u0131m g\u00f6zetilemez.\u201d h\u00fckm\u00fc yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
76. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 128. maddesinin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda ise memurlar\u0131n ve di\u011fer kamu g\u00f6revlilerinin niteliklerinin, atanmalar\u0131n\u0131n, g\u00f6rev ve yetkilerinin, hak ve y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerinin, ayl\u0131k ve \u00f6denekleri ile di\u011fer \u00f6zl\u00fck i\u015flerinin kanunla d\u00fczenlenece\u011fi belirtilerek memur ve kamu g\u00f6revlilerinin \u00f6zl\u00fck haklar\u0131nda kanuni d\u00fczenleme ilkesine yer verilmi\u015ftir. Bu ilke d\u00fczenlenen alanda temel ilkelerin kanunla konulmas\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00e7er\u00e7evenin kanunla \u00e7izilmesini ifade etmekte olup bu niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131yan bir yasal d\u00fczenleme ile uzmanl\u0131k ve teknik konulara ili\u015fkin hususlar\u0131n belirlenmesi hususunda y\u00fcr\u00fctme organ\u0131na yetki verilmesi, s\u00f6z konusu ilkeye ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k olu\u015fturmaz.<\/p>\n
77. Kamu g\u00f6revlileri ile kamu y\u00f6netimleri aras\u0131ndaki hizmet ili\u015fkileri kural tasarruflarla d\u00fczenlenmektedir. Kamu personeli, belirli bir stat\u00fcde, nesnel kurallara g\u00f6re hizmet y\u00fcr\u00fctmekte, o stat\u00fcn\u00fcn sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ayl\u0131k, \u00fccret, atanma, y\u00fckselme, nakil gibi kimi \u00f6znel haklara sahip olmaktad\u0131r. Kamu hizmetine giri\u015fin ve hizmet i\u00e7inde y\u00fckselmenin \u015fartlar\u0131, stat\u00fc hukukunun gere\u011fi olarak kanunlarla belirlenmektedir. Bu durum Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n kamu hizmetine girme hakk\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczenlendi\u011fi 70. maddesi ile kamu hizmeti g\u00f6revlileriyle ilgili genel ilkelerin d\u00fczenlendi\u011fi 128. maddesinden kaynaklanan bir zorunluluktur. Kanun koyucu, stat\u00fc hukuku \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen memuriyet hizmetine girmeye, y\u00fckselmeye, memuriyetin sona ermesine vb. hususlara ili\u015fkin ko\u015fullar\u0131 anayasal ilkelere uygun olarak belirleme yetkisine sahiptir. Ki\u015filerin ise kanunlarla \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen bu stat\u00fcye girip girmemek konusunda tercihte bulunma haklar\u0131 vard\u0131r (AYM, E.2015\/98, K.2016\/35, 5\/5\/2016, \u00a7 11).<\/p>\n
78. 3201 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un dava konusu kural\u0131n da yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ge\u00e7ici 31. maddesinin birinci ve ikinci f\u0131kralar\u0131nda sa\u011fl\u0131k sebeplerine dayal\u0131 olarak yarg\u0131 karar\u0131 gere\u011fince devlet memurlu\u011fundan ili\u015fi\u011fi kesilmi\u015f olanlar\u0131n atanmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin \u015fartlar belirlenmi\u015ftir. Kural\u0131n da yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131krada ise atama i\u00e7in \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilecek di\u011fer usul ve esaslar\u0131 belirleme yetkisi Emniyet Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
79. Bu ba\u011flamda genel idare hizmetleri s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na atanabilmek i\u00e7in an\u0131lan maddede belirtilen \u015fartlar\u0131 sa\u011flayanlar\u0131n atama i\u015flemlerindeki usul ve esaslar\u0131n idare taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenebilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ancak bu usul ve esaslar ge\u00e7ici 31. maddede belirtilen \u015fartlara ayk\u0131r\u0131 veya bu \u015fartlar\u0131 etkisiz h\u00e2le getirecek nitelikte olamayacakt\u0131r. Bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle kural\u0131n da yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 maddede sa\u011fl\u0131k sebeplerine dayal\u0131 olarak yarg\u0131 karar\u0131 gere\u011fince devlet memurlu\u011fundan ili\u015fi\u011fi kesilenlerin, genel idare hizmetleri s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131nda durumlar\u0131na uygun \u00fcnvana atamalar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin temel ilkeler ile yasal \u00e7er\u00e7evenin kanunla belirlendi\u011fi, ancak belirlenen bu \u015fartlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda talepte bulunanlar\u0131n durumlar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00e7al\u0131\u015facaklar\u0131 birimin tespitinde ba\u015fkaca \u015fartlar\u0131n da aranmas\u0131n\u0131n gerekebilece\u011fi, bunlar\u0131n ise uzmanl\u0131k, idare tekni\u011fi ve g\u00f6revin gerektirdi\u011fi niteliklerle ilgili hususlar oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu itibarla kuralla idareye an\u0131lan di\u011fer usul ve esaslar\u0131 d\u00fczenleme yetkisi verilmesinde kanuni d\u00fczenleme ilkesi ile yasama yetkisinin devredilmezli\u011fi ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 bir y\u00f6n bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
80. A\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerle kural Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 7., 70. ve 128. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 de\u011fildir. \u0130ptal talebinin reddi gerekir.<\/p>\n
Kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2. maddesine de ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ise de bu ba\u011flamda belirtilen hususlar, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 7., 70. ve 128. maddeleri kapsam\u0131nda ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fundan Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2. maddesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ayr\u0131ca bir inceleme yap\u0131lmas\u0131na gerek g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Kural\u0131n, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 ile 5., 6., 10., 13., 49., 90., 123. ve 153. maddeleriyle ilgisi g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
C. Kanun\u2019un 6. Maddesiyle 2692 Say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019a Eklenen Ek 15. Maddenin \u0130ncelenmesi<\/p>\n
1. \u0130ptal Talebinin Gerek\u00e7esi<\/p>\n
81. Dava dilek\u00e7esinde \u00f6zetle; Sahil G\u00fcvenlik Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 personelinin kamu g\u00f6revlisi oldu\u011fu, bu ki\u015filerin \u00f6zl\u00fck i\u015fleri kapsam\u0131nda kalan g\u00f6revin icras\u0131nda ve g\u00f6rev d\u0131\u015f\u0131 zamanlarda uyulmas\u0131 gereken kurallar\u0131n ve di\u011fer hususlar\u0131n genel \u00e7er\u00e7evesinin kanunla \u00e7izilmesi gerekti\u011fi, bu hususun dava konusu kuralla idarenin d\u00fczenleyici i\u015flemlerine b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, kural\u0131n bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle maddi anlamda kanunilik \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kamu yarar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, kuralda yer alan g\u00f6rev d\u0131\u015f\u0131 zamanlar\u0131n do\u011frudan ki\u015filerin \u00f6zel hayat\u0131n\u0131 konu edindi\u011fi, g\u00f6rev i\u00e7indeki zamanlar\u0131n ise \u00f6zel hayatla ilgili olabilece\u011fi ve \u00f6zel hayat\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlayan d\u00fczenlemelerin kanunla yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi, kural\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hakk\u0131na kanuni olmayan ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcz m\u00fcdahalede bulunulabilmesine imk\u00e2n tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 bozdu\u011fu, Anayasa Mahkemesi taraf\u0131ndan verilmi\u015f benzer d\u00fczenlemelere ili\u015fkin iptal kararlar\u0131na ra\u011fmen kural\u0131n ihdas edilmesinin kuvvetler ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilkesini ihlal etti\u011fi, bu durumun milletleraras\u0131 antla\u015fmalarla da ba\u011fda\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilerek kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 ile 2., 5., 6., 7., 10., 13., 17., 20., 38., 49., 70., 90., 123., 124., 128. ve 153. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
2. Anayasa\u2019ya Ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k Sorunu<\/p>\n
82. Dava konusu kuralda Sahil G\u00fcvenlik Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 personelinin g\u00f6revinin icras\u0131nda ve g\u00f6rev d\u0131\u015f\u0131 zamanlarda uymalar\u0131 gereken kurallar\u0131n ve di\u011fer hususlar\u0131n \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Bakanl\u0131k) taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe konulacak y\u00f6netmelikle belirlenece\u011fi h\u00fck\u00fcm alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
83. Kuralla d\u00fczenlenmesi y\u00f6netmeli\u011fe b\u0131rak\u0131lan hususlar\u0131n Sahil G\u00fcvenlik Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 personelinin \u00f6zl\u00fck i\u015flerine ili\u015fkin oldu\u011fu g\u00f6zetildi\u011finde Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 128. maddesi uyar\u0131nca bu alanda yap\u0131lacak d\u00fczenlemelerde temel ilkelerin kanunla konulmas\u0131 ve \u00e7er\u00e7evenin kanunla \u00e7izilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
84. Kuralda g\u00f6rev i\u00e7inde veya g\u00f6rev d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda uyulacak kurallar\u0131n esaslar\u0131n\u0131n, \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n ve kapsam\u0131n\u0131n neler oldu\u011fu konusunda etkili bir yarg\u0131sal denetime imk\u00e2n sa\u011flayacak \u015fekilde kanuni \u00e7er\u00e7eve belirlenmeksizin bu konudaki d\u00fczenlenmenin tamam\u0131yla y\u00f6netmeli\u011fe b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n
85. Ayr\u0131ca kuralda Bakanl\u0131k\u00e7a \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan y\u00f6netmelikte Sahil G\u00fcvenlik Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 personelinin uymas\u0131 gereken kurallar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u201c\u2026ve di\u011fer hususlar\u2026\u201d ibaresine yer verilmek suretiyle an\u0131lan personelle ilgili belirsiz bir alanda y\u00f6netmelik \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn h\u00e2le getirilmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fka bir ifadeyle kanun ile idari d\u00fczenleyici i\u015flemler aras\u0131ndaki fark fiil\u00ee olarak ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu itibarla kural kamu g\u00f6revlilerinin \u00f6zl\u00fck i\u015flerinin kanunla belirlenmesi y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki ilkeyle ba\u011fda\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi yasama yetkisinin devredilmezli\u011fi ilkesine de ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
86. A\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerle kural, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 7. ve 128. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130ptali gerekir.<\/p>\n
Kural, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 7. ve 128. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclerek iptal edildi\u011finden ayr\u0131ca Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2., 13. ve 20. maddeleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden incelenmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Kural\u0131n, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 ile 5., 6., 10., 17., 38., 49., 70., 90., 123., 124. ve 153. maddeleriyle ilgisi g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
\u00c7. Kanun\u2019un 8. Maddesiyle 2803 Say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019a Eklenen Ek 20. Maddenin \u0130ncelenmesi<\/p>\n
1. \u0130ptal Talebinin Gerek\u00e7esi<\/p>\n
87. Dava dilek\u00e7esinde \u00f6zetle, kural\u0131n 7422 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 6. maddesiyle 2692 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019a eklenen ek 15. maddeye y\u00f6nelik gerek\u00e7elerle Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 ile 2., 5., 6., 7., 10., 13., 17., 20., 38., 49., 70., 90., 123., 124., 128. ve 153. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
2. Anayasa\u2019ya Ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k Sorunu<\/p>\n
88. Dava konusu kuralda Jandarma Genel Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 personelinin g\u00f6revinin icras\u0131nda ve g\u00f6rev d\u0131\u015f\u0131 zamanlarda uymalar\u0131 gereken kurallar\u0131n ve di\u011fer hususlar\u0131n Bakanl\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe konulacak y\u00f6netmelikle belirlenece\u011fi h\u00fck\u00fcm alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
89. 7422 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 6. maddesiyle 2692 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019a eklenen ek 15. maddenin Anayasa\u2019ya uygunluk denetimi b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde belirtilen gerek\u00e7eler bu kural y\u00f6n\u00fcnden de ge\u00e7erlidir.<\/p>\n
90. A\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerle kural, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 7. ve 128. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130ptali gerekir.<\/p>\n
Kural, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 7. ve 128. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclerek iptal edildi\u011finden ayr\u0131ca Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2., 13. ve 20. maddeleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden incelenmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 ile 5., 6., 10., 17., 38., 49., 70., 90., 123., 124. ve 153. maddeleriyle ilgisi g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
D. Kanun\u2019un 10. Maddesiyle 4652 Say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 15. Maddesinin De\u011fi\u015ftirilen Alt\u0131nc\u0131 F\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n \u0130ncelenmesi<\/p>\n
1. Anlam ve Kapsam<\/p>\n
91. 4652 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 1. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda an\u0131lan Kanun\u2019un amac\u0131n\u0131n; T\u00fcrk Polis Te\u015fkil\u00e2t\u0131n\u0131n en y\u00fcksek \u00f6\u011fretim kurumu olan Polis Akademisi (Akademi) ve ba\u011fl\u0131 fak\u00fclteler, enstit\u00fcler ile polis meslek y\u00fcksek okullar\u0131ndaki y\u00fcksek \u00f6\u011fretim ile ilgili ama\u00e7 ve ilkeleri belirlemek, bu okullar\u0131n te\u015fkil\u00e2tlanmas\u0131n\u0131, g\u00f6rev ve sorumluluklar\u0131n\u0131, e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim, ara\u015ft\u0131rma, yay\u0131n, \u00f6\u011fretim elemanlar\u0131 ve \u00f6\u011frenciler ile ilgili esaslar\u0131 d\u00fczenlemek oldu\u011fu belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
92. Kanun\u2019un \u201cTan\u0131mlar\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 2. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (n) bendinde fak\u00fclte; lisans d\u00fczeyinde e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim, bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve yay\u0131n yapan; kendisine birimler ba\u011flanabilen y\u00fcksek \u00f6\u011fretim kurumu olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
93. 15. maddede fak\u00fcltenin \u00f6\u011frenci kayna\u011f\u0131, \u00f6\u011frencilerin istihkaklar\u0131, \u00f6zl\u00fck i\u015flemleri ve mecburi hizmet y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. An\u0131lan maddenin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131na g\u00f6re fak\u00fcltenin esas \u00f6\u011frenci kayna\u011f\u0131, s\u0131navlar\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131l 1 Ocak tarihi itibar\u0131yla yirmi iki ya\u015f\u0131ndan g\u00fcn almam\u0131\u015f lise ve dengi okullar\u0131n mezunlar\u0131d\u0131r. Yine an\u0131lan f\u0131kra uyar\u0131nca polis meslek y\u00fcksek okullar\u0131ndan dikey ge\u00e7i\u015f ile de fak\u00fclteye \u00f6\u011frenci al\u0131nabilir.<\/p>\n
94. S\u00f6z konusu maddenin dava konusu alt\u0131nc\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131 uyar\u0131nca Akademiye al\u0131nacak \u00f6\u011frencilerin nitelikleri, giri\u015f usul ve esaslar\u0131 ile polis meslek y\u00fcksek okullar\u0131ndan dikey ge\u00e7i\u015f yap\u0131lmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin usul ve esaslar y\u00f6netmelikle belirlenecektir. Kanun\u2019un 30. maddesine g\u00f6re an\u0131lan y\u00f6netmelik Bakanl\u0131k\u00e7a \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
2. \u0130ptal Talebinin Gerek\u00e7esi<\/p>\n
95. Dava dilek\u00e7esinde \u00f6zetle; Emniyet Te\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n memur, amir ve y\u00f6netici ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layacak olan Akademiye al\u0131nacak \u00f6\u011frencilerin niteliklerinin, giri\u015f usul ve esaslar\u0131 ile polis meslek y\u00fcksekokullar\u0131ndan dikey ge\u00e7i\u015f yap\u0131lmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin usul ve esaslar\u0131n kanunla belirlenmesi gerekti\u011fi, kuralla bu hususlar\u0131n idarenin takdir yetkisine b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, kural\u0131n bu h\u00e2liyle kanunilik ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ve kamu yarar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, kural uyar\u0131nca Akademide e\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6rme yeterlili\u011fine sahip olmayan kimselerin \u00f6\u011frenci olmas\u0131na imk\u00e2n tan\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zerkli\u011fi ilkesiyle de ba\u011fda\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, Anayasa Mahkemesi taraf\u0131ndan verilmi\u015f benzer d\u00fczenlemelere ili\u015fkin iptal kararlar\u0131na ra\u011fmen kural\u0131n ihdas edilmesinin kuvvetler ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilkesini ihlal etti\u011fi, bu durumun milletleraras\u0131 antla\u015fmalarla da ba\u011fda\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilerek kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 ile 2., 5., 6., 7., 10., 13., 49., 70., 90., 123., 124., 128., 130. ve 153. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
3. Anayasa\u2019ya Ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k Sorunu<\/p>\n
96. 6216 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 43. maddesi uyar\u0131nca kural, ilgisi nedeniyle Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 42. maddesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnden de incelenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
97. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 42. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda \u201cKimse, e\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011frenim hakk\u0131ndan yoksun b\u0131rak\u0131lamaz.\u201d denilmek suretiyle e\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011frenim hakk\u0131 herkes y\u00f6n\u00fcnden g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
98. An\u0131lan hak, kamu ve \u00f6zel e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131n\u0131 kapsad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi e\u011fitimin ilk, orta ve y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011frenim seviyelerini de kapsar (Sara Akg\u00fcl [GK], B. No: 2015\/269, 22\/11\/2018, \u00a7 120; Hikmet Balabano\u011flu, B. No: 2012\/1334, 17\/9\/2013, \u00a7 28; \u0130hsan Asutay, B. No: 2012\/606, 20\/2\/2014, \u00a7 34).<\/p>\n
99. 4652 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 2. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (l) bendine g\u00f6re Akademi, Emniyet Te\u015fkil\u00e2t\u0131n\u0131n memur, amir ve y\u00f6netici ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak \u00fczere \u00f6n lisans, lisans, lisans\u00fcst\u00fc e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim, bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rma, yay\u0131n ve dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k yapan, b\u00fcnyesinde fak\u00fclte, enstit\u00fc ve polis meslek y\u00fcksek okullar\u0131 bulunan bilimsel \u00f6zerkli\u011fe sahip bir y\u00fcksek \u00f6\u011fretim kurumudur.<\/p>\n
100. E\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011frenim hakk\u0131, devlete ki\u015filerin e\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011frenim almas\u0131n\u0131 engellememe \u00f6devini y\u00fcklemektedir. An\u0131lan hak belirli bir zamanda mevcut olan e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131na eri\u015fimin sa\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131 ve bu e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131na devam edebilmeyi teminat alt\u0131na almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
101. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu maddesinin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda ise \u00f6\u011frenim hakk\u0131n\u0131n kapsam\u0131n\u0131n kanunla tespit edilip d\u00fczenlenece\u011fi belirtilerek bu hakk\u0131n mutlak olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, hakk\u0131n kapsam\u0131n\u0131 ve s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 belirleme yetkisinin kanun koyucuya ait oldu\u011fu h\u00fckme ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
102. An\u0131lan Kanun\u2019un kural\u0131n da yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 15. maddesinin on d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131 uyar\u0131nca fak\u00fclteyi veya ilk derece amirlik e\u011fitimini ba\u015far\u0131 ile bitiren \u00f6\u011frencilerin 3201 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019da belirlenen komiser yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 r\u00fctbesinde ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan kadrolara atanacaklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmesi, akademi \u00f6\u011frencilerinin daimi ve sabit kamu hizmetleri kadrosunda yer alan, b\u00fcrokratik hiyerar\u015fi i\u00e7erisinde bulunan ve devletten maa\u015f alan g\u00f6revliler olduklar\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmedi\u011finden \u00f6\u011frencilik stat\u00fcs\u00fcne kabul edilecek ki\u015filerle ilgili d\u00fczenlemelerin memur ve kamu g\u00f6revlilerinin stat\u00fclerini d\u00fczenleyen anayasal ilkeler kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilemeyece\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r (polis meslek e\u011fitim merkezleri ile ilgili benzer y\u00f6nde de\u011ferlendirme i\u00e7in bkz. AYM, E.2005\/42, K.2006\/27, 23\/2\/2006).<\/p>\n
103. Akademide \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6rebilecek ki\u015filerin nitelikleri ile Akademiye giri\u015f usul ve esaslar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesine ili\u015fkin hususlarda idareye d\u00fczenleme yetkisi tan\u0131yan kural e\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011frenim hakk\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlamaktad\u0131r. An\u0131lan hakka y\u00f6nelik s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 13. maddesi gere\u011fince kanuna dayal\u0131 olmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n
104. 4652 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 15. maddesinde ise yaln\u0131zca fak\u00fcltenin esas \u00f6\u011frenci kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve bu ki\u015filerde aranacak ya\u015f \u015fart\u0131n\u0131n belirlendi\u011fi, bunun haricinde bir d\u00fczenlemeye yer verilmedi\u011fi, kuralla \u00f6\u011frencilerin niteliklerinin, giri\u015f usul ve esaslar\u0131 ile polis meslek y\u00fcksek okullar\u0131ndan dikey ge\u00e7i\u015f yap\u0131lmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin usul ve esaslar\u0131n y\u00f6netmelikle belirlenece\u011finin belirtilmesi suretiyle bu hususlarda d\u00fczenleme yapma yetkisinin t\u00fcm\u00fcyle idareye b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ancak bunlara ili\u015fkin temel ilkelerin kanunda belirlenmedi\u011fi ve yasal \u00e7er\u00e7evenin \u00e7izilmedi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kuralla e\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011fretim hakk\u0131na y\u00f6nelik s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n kanunilik unsurundan yoksun oldu\u011fu sonucuna ula\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
105. A\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerle kural, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 13. ve 42. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130ptali gerekir.<\/p>\n
Kural, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 13. ve 42. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclerek iptal edildi\u011finden ayr\u0131ca Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2., 7. ve 124. maddeleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden incelenmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 ile 5., 6., 10., 49., 70., 90., 123., 128., 130. ve 153. maddeleriyle ilgisi g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
E. Kanun\u2019un 12. Maddesiyle 4652 Say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un De\u011fi\u015ftirilen Ek 1. Maddesinin \u0130kinci F\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n Birinci C\u00fcmlesinde Yer Alan \u201c…Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7e belirlenecek…\u201d ve \u201c…s\u0131navda…\u201d \u0130bareleri ile \u0130kinci C\u00fcmlesinin \u0130ncelenmesi<\/p>\n
1. \u201c…Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7e belirlenecek…\u201d \u0130baresi<\/p>\n
a. \u0130ptal Talebinin Gerek\u00e7esi<\/p>\n
106. Dava dilek\u00e7esinde \u00f6zetle; Polis Amirleri E\u011fitimi Merkezinde (PAEM) e\u011fitime tabi tutulacak kimselerin Emniyet Te\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n amir s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 personel ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layaca\u011f\u0131, bu sebeple an\u0131lan kimselerin adayl\u0131k s\u00fcreci, kadro ihdas\u0131, atamas\u0131, g\u00f6revlendirilmesi, niteli\u011fi, g\u00f6rev ve yetkisi, ayl\u0131k ve \u00f6dene\u011fi ile di\u011fer \u00f6zl\u00fck haklar\u0131n\u0131n kanunla d\u00fczenlenmesi gerekti\u011fi, d\u00f6rt y\u0131ll\u0131k fak\u00fclteden mezun olma \u015feklindeki mesle\u011fe kabul\u00fcn \u00f6n \u015fart\u0131nda yer alan fak\u00fcltenin belirlenmesinin idarenin d\u00fczenleyici i\u015flemlerine b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n belirlilik ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilirlik \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamad\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu itibarla dava konusu kural\u0131n kanunilik \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamad\u0131\u011f\u0131, kamu yarar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, ayn\u0131 \u015fartlar\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan fakat fak\u00fcltelerden mezun olan ki\u015filer aras\u0131nda idare taraf\u0131ndan ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k yap\u0131lmas\u0131na neden olabilece\u011fi, kural uyar\u0131nca PAEM\u2019de e\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6rme yeterlili\u011fine sahip olmayan kimselerin \u00f6\u011frenci olmas\u0131na imk\u00e2n tan\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zerkli\u011fi ilkesiyle de ba\u011fda\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, kuralla istekliler bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hakk\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden gerekli ortam ve f\u0131rsat e\u015fitli\u011finin sa\u011flanamayaca\u011f\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n bozulaca\u011f\u0131, benzer d\u00fczenlemelere ili\u015fkin olarak Anayasa Mahkemesi taraf\u0131ndan verilmi\u015f iptal kararlar\u0131na ra\u011fmen kural\u0131n ihdas edilmesinin kuvvetler ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilkesini ihlal etti\u011fi, bu durumun milletleraras\u0131 antla\u015fmalarla da ba\u011fda\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilerek kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 ile 2., 5., 6., 7., 10., 13., 49., 70., 90., 123., 128., 130. ve 153. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
b. Anayasa\u2019ya Ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k Sorunu<\/p>\n
107. 6216 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 43. maddesi uyar\u0131nca kural, ilgisi nedeniyle Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 42. maddesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnden de incelenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
108. 4652 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un ek 1. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda Akademi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcnyesinde \u0130\u00e7 G\u00fcvenlik Fak\u00fcltesinin kurulmas\u0131 ve kurulu\u015fundan itibaren \u00fc\u00e7 ay i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lacak atamalarla kadrolar\u0131n\u0131n tamamlanmas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n
109. An\u0131lan maddenin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesinde ise PAEM\u2019de, lisans mezunu polis memurlar\u0131 ile bu maddeyi de\u011fi\u015ftiren 7422 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011fi tarihten itibaren ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan uzmanl\u0131k alanlar\u0131ndaki amir s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 personelin temini amac\u0131yla, \u00f6rg\u00fcn e\u011fitim veren \u00fcniversitelerin Emniyet Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnce (Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fck) belirlenecek en az d\u00f6rt y\u0131l s\u00fcreli fak\u00fclte mezunlar\u0131ndan yap\u0131lacak s\u0131navda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olanlara ilk derece amirlik e\u011fitiminin verilece\u011fi h\u00fck\u00fcm alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu c\u00fcmlede yer alan \u201c…Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7e belirlenecek…\u201d ibaresi dava konusu kural\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
110. PAEM\u2019in bir y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim kurumu oldu\u011fu dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda an\u0131lan kurumda \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6recek ki\u015filerin mezun olmas\u0131 gereken fak\u00fcltelerin belirlenmesine ili\u015fkin olarak idareye d\u00fczenleme yetkisi tan\u0131nmas\u0131 suretiyle idarenin belirlediklerinin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan fak\u00fcltelerden mezun olan ki\u015filerin PAEM\u2019e eri\u015fimleri k\u0131s\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu nedenle kural e\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011frenim hakk\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
111. An\u0131lan Kanun\u2019un ek 1. maddesinin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n kural\u0131n da yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 birinci c\u00fcmlesinde Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7e belirlenebilecek fak\u00fcltelerin \u00f6rg\u00fcn e\u011fitim veren \u00fcniversitelerin b\u00fcnyesinde ve en az d\u00f6rt y\u0131l s\u00fcreli olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca kural uyar\u0131nca yap\u0131lacak belirlemenin Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fckte ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan amir s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n yeti\u015ftirilmesine y\u00f6nelik olaca\u011f\u0131 ve bu ihtiya\u00e7 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir belirlemenin yap\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131 da a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle kuralla PAEM\u2019de e\u011fitim g\u00f6rebilecek \u00f6\u011frencilerin mezun olmas\u0131 gereken fak\u00fcltelerin hangileri olaca\u011f\u0131na dair temel ilke ve esaslar ile yasal \u00e7er\u00e7evenin kanunla belirlendi\u011fi ancak belirlenen bu nitelikler \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde idare tekni\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnden geli\u015fen ve de\u011fi\u015fen \u015fartlara g\u00f6re belirleme yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekebilece\u011fi g\u00f6zetilerek idareye d\u00fczenleme yetkisinin tan\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n
112. Di\u011fer yandan kural uyar\u0131nca yap\u0131lacak belirlemenin ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan amir s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131 yeti\u015ftirmeye y\u00f6nelik oldu\u011funun keyf\u00ee uygulamalara yol a\u00e7mayacak \u015fekilde ve nesnel gerek\u00e7elerle idare taraf\u0131ndan ortaya konulmas\u0131 gerekir. Kurala g\u00f6re idare taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lacak bu belirlemeye kar\u015f\u0131 yarg\u0131 yoluna ba\u015fvurma g\u00fcvencesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan herhangi bir s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n getirilmedi\u011fi g\u00f6zetildi\u011finde kural\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131ndan do\u011facak uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131n yarg\u0131ya ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 ve bu y\u00f6ndeki uygulaman\u0131n hukuka uygunlu\u011funun yarg\u0131 karar\u0131yla denetlenmesi de m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bu itibarla kural\u0131n keyf\u00eeli\u011fe izin vermeyecek \u015fekilde belirli, ula\u015f\u0131labilir ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir nitelikte oldu\u011fu ve kanunilik ilkesiyle \u00e7eli\u015fmedi\u011fi sonucuna ula\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
113. PAEM\u2019de \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6rebilecek ki\u015filerin Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fck taraf\u0131ndan belirlenen fak\u00fcltelerden mezun olanlarla s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan uzmanl\u0131k alanlar\u0131ndaki amir s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 personelin temini amac\u0131na y\u00f6nelik oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u0130htiya\u00e7 duyulan uzmanl\u0131k alanlar\u0131ndaki amir s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 personelin temini amac\u0131yla, PAEM\u2019de e\u011fitim g\u00f6rebilecek ki\u015filerin ancak idare taraf\u0131ndan belirlenen fak\u00fcltelerden mezun olanlarla s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n anayasal a\u00e7\u0131dan me\u015fru bir amaca dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna ula\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca e\u011fitim hakk\u0131n\u0131n kapsam\u0131 konusunda kanun koyucunun haiz oldu\u011fu takdir yetkisinin geni\u015fli\u011fi ile PAEM\u2019in kurulu\u015f amac\u0131 g\u00f6zetildi\u011finde idarenin belirlediklerinin d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki fak\u00fcltelerden mezun olanlar\u0131n PAEM\u2019de e\u011fitim g\u00f6rememesinin e\u011fitim hakk\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olarak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcz bir s\u0131n\u0131rlama te\u015fkil etmedi\u011fi de\u011ferlendirilmektedir.<\/p>\n
114. A\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerle kural, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 7., 13. ve 42. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 de\u011fildir. \u0130ptal talebinin reddi gerekir.<\/p>\n
Kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2. maddesine de ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ise de bu ba\u011flamda belirtilen hususlar\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 7., 13. ve 42. maddeleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden yap\u0131lan de\u011ferlendirmeler kapsam\u0131nda ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 nedeniyle Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2. maddesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ayr\u0131ca bir inceleme yap\u0131lmas\u0131na gerek g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 ile 5., 6., 10., 49., 70., 90., 123., 128., 130. ve 153. maddeleriyle ilgisi g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
2. \u201c…s\u0131navda…\u201d \u0130baresi<\/p>\n
a. \u0130ptal Talebinin Gerek\u00e7esi<\/p>\n
115. Dava dilek\u00e7esinde \u00f6zetle; kural\u0131n 7422 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 12. maddesiyle 4652 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un de\u011fi\u015ftirilen ek 1. maddesinin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesinde yer alan \u201c…Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7e belirlenecek…\u201d ibaresine y\u00f6nelik gerek\u00e7elerle Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 ile 2., 5., 6., 7., 10., 13., 49., 70., 90., 123., 128. ve 153. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
b. Anayasa\u2019ya Ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k Sorunu<\/p>\n
116. 6216 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 43. maddesi uyar\u0131nca kural, ilgisi nedeniyle Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 42. maddesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnden de incelenmi\u015ftir<\/p>\n
117. 4652 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un ek 1. maddesinin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesinde PAEM\u2019de, lisans mezunu polis memurlar\u0131 ile bu maddeyi de\u011fi\u015ftiren 7422 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011fi tarihten itibaren ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan uzmanl\u0131k alanlar\u0131ndaki amir s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 personelin temini amac\u0131yla, \u00f6rg\u00fcn e\u011fitim veren \u00fcniversitelerin Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7e belirlenecek en az d\u00f6rt y\u0131l s\u00fcreli fak\u00fclte mezunlar\u0131ndan yap\u0131lacak s\u0131navda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olanlara ilk derece amirlik e\u011fitiminin verilece\u011fi h\u00fck\u00fcm alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. An\u0131lan c\u00fcmlede yer alan \u201c…s\u0131navda…\u201d ibaresi dava konusu kural\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
118. PAEM\u2019de ilk derece amirlik e\u011fitimi al\u0131nabilmesi i\u00e7in s\u0131navda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olma \u015fart\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6ren kural\u0131n e\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011frenim hakk\u0131na s\u0131n\u0131rlama getirdi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
119. Di\u011fer yandan s\u00f6z konusu f\u0131kraya g\u00f6re PAEM\u2019de ilk derece amirlik e\u011fitimi verilecek ki\u015filer iki farkl\u0131 kaynaktan temin edilmektedir. \u0130lk kayna\u011f\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fcn e\u011fitim veren \u00fcniversitelerin Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7e belirlenecek en az d\u00f6rt y\u0131l s\u00fcreli fak\u00fcltelerden mezun olanlar olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Bu kapsamdaki ki\u015filer kamu g\u00f6revlisi stat\u00fcs\u00fcnde de\u011fildir. Buna kar\u015f\u0131n ikinci kayna\u011f\u0131 olu\u015fturan lisans mezunu polis memurlar\u0131n\u0131n ise kamu g\u00f6revlisi olduklar\u0131 hususunda teredd\u00fct bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Lisans mezunu polis memurlar\u0131n\u0131n polis amiri olarak atanabilmeleri i\u00e7in PAEM s\u0131nav\u0131nda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmalar\u0131 ve devam\u0131nda e\u011fitimi tamamlam\u0131\u015f bulunmalar\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n
120. Kural\u0131n da yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 f\u0131krada PAEM\u2019de e\u011fitim alabilmek i\u00e7in s\u0131nav \u015fart\u0131 ile s\u0131nava ba\u015fvurabilecek ki\u015filerin a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirlendi\u011fi ve bu itibarla kanuni \u00e7er\u00e7evenin \u00e7izildi\u011fi, temel ilkelerin kanunla belirlendi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kural\u0131n belirli, ula\u015f\u0131labilir ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir nitelikte oldu\u011fu ve kanunilik ilkesiyle \u00e7eli\u015fmedi\u011fi sonucuna ula\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
121. Polis amirli\u011finin \u00f6nemi ve \u00f6zelli\u011fi nedeniyle an\u0131lan mesle\u011fe ili\u015fkin e\u011fitimin al\u0131nabilmesi i\u00e7in s\u0131navda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olma \u015fart\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6ren kural\u0131n mesleki a\u00e7\u0131dan belirli bir yetkinlikteki \u00f6\u011frencinin se\u00e7ilmesine y\u00f6nelik me\u015fru amac\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Yetkinli\u011fin belirlenmesinde \u00f6nceden al\u0131nan e\u011fitimlerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra mesleki e\u011fitime giri\u015f s\u0131nav\u0131nda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olma \u015fart\u0131n\u0131n da \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilece\u011fi g\u00f6zetildi\u011finde kural\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcz oldu\u011fu da s\u00f6ylenemez.<\/p>\n
122. \u00d6te yandan amirlik e\u011fitimi alabilmek i\u00e7in kuralla \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen s\u0131navda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olma \u015fart\u0131, lisans mezunu polis memurlar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00f6rg\u00fcn e\u011fitim veren \u00fcniversitelerin Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7e belirlenecek en az d\u00f6rt y\u0131l s\u00fcreli fak\u00fclte mezunlar\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ge\u00e7erlidir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kural\u0131n, s\u0131nava girecek ki\u015filerin b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc kapsayacak \u015fekilde ge\u00e7erli genel ve nesnel bir d\u00fczenleme olmas\u0131 nedeniyle e\u015fitlik ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 bir y\u00f6n\u00fc bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
123. A\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerle kural, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 10., 13., 42. ve 128. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 de\u011fildir. \u0130ptal talebinin reddi gerekir.<\/p>\n
Kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2. maddesine de ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ise de bu ba\u011flamda belirtilen hususlar\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 10., 13. 42. ve 128. maddeleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden yap\u0131lan de\u011ferlendirmeler kapsam\u0131nda ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 nedeniyle Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2. maddesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ayr\u0131ca bir inceleme yap\u0131lmas\u0131na gerek g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 ile 5., 6., 7., 49., 70., 90., 123. ve 153. maddeleriyle ilgisi g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
3. \u0130kinci C\u00fcmle<\/p>\n
a. \u0130ptal Talebinin Gerek\u00e7esi<\/p>\n
124. Dava dilek\u00e7esinde \u00f6zetle, 7422 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 12. maddesiyle 4652 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un de\u011fi\u015ftirilen ek 1. maddesinin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesinde yer alan \u201c…Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7e belirlenecek…\u201d ve \u201c…s\u0131navda…\u201d ibarelerine y\u00f6nelik gerek\u00e7elerle kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 ile 2., 5., 6., 7., 10., 13., 49., 70., 90., 123., 124., 128. ve 153. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
b. Anayasa\u2019ya Ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k Sorunu<\/p>\n
i. C\u00fcmlede Yer Alan \u201c\u2026merkezin kurulu\u015f, g\u00f6rev, yetki ve sorumluluklar\u0131,\u2026\u201d \u0130baresi<\/p>\n
125. 4652 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un ek 1. maddesinin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n ikinci c\u00fcmlesinde PAEM\u2019in kurulu\u015f, g\u00f6rev, yetki ve sorumluluklar\u0131n\u0131n, PAEM\u2019e al\u0131nacak \u00f6\u011frencilerde aranacak \u015fartlar\u0131n, giri\u015f s\u0131nav\u0131 ile e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretime ili\u015fkin usul ve esaslar\u0131n Bakanl\u0131k\u00e7a \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan y\u00f6netmelikle belirlenece\u011fi h\u00fck\u00fcm alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. An\u0131lan c\u00fcmlede yer alan \u201c\u2026merkezin kurulu\u015f, g\u00f6rev, yetki ve sorumluluklar\u0131,\u2026\u201d ibaresi dava konusu kural\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
126. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 123. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda \u201c\u0130dare, kurulu\u015f ve g\u00f6revleriyle bir b\u00fct\u00fcnd\u00fcr ve kanunla d\u00fczenlenir\u201d denilmi\u015ftir. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n an\u0131lan maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen idarenin kanunili\u011fi ilkesi, idarenin kurulu\u015fu ve organlar\u0131 ile g\u00f6rev ve yetkilerinin hi\u00e7bir duraksamaya yer vermeyecek \u015fekilde, a\u00e7\u0131k bir bi\u00e7imde kanunla d\u00fczenlenmesini gerekli k\u0131lar. (AYM, E.2013\/114, K.2014\/184, 4\/12\/2014, \u00a7 136; E.2012\/102, K.2012\/207, 27\/12\/2012).<\/p>\n
127. Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ba\u011fl\u0131 kurulu\u015flar\u0131ndan olan Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn merkez te\u015fkilat\u0131nda yer alan PAEM Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 123. maddesi uyar\u0131nca idarenin b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7inde yer al\u0131r ve idarenin kanunili\u011fi ilkesine tabidir. Bu ilke uyar\u0131nca PAEM\u2019in kurulu\u015f, g\u00f6rev, yetki ve sorumluluklar\u0131na ili\u015fkin temel kurallar\u0131n kanunla d\u00fczenlenmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
128. Buna kar\u015f\u0131n kanunda temel ilke ve esaslar ile genel \u00e7er\u00e7eve belirlenmeksizin an\u0131lan konulara ili\u015fkin d\u00fczenleme yetkisinin dava konusu kuralla do\u011frudan idareye b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle kural\u0131n yasama yetkisinin devredilmezli\u011fi ve idarenin kanunili\u011fi ilkeleriyle ba\u011fda\u015fan bir y\u00f6n\u00fc bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
129. A\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerle kural, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 7. ve 123. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130ptali gerekir.<\/p>\n
Kural, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 7. ve 123. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclerek iptal edildi\u011finden ayr\u0131ca Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2., 124. ve 128. maddeleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden incelenmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 ile 5., 6., 10., 13., 49., 70., 90. ve 153. maddeleriyle ilgisi g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
ii. C\u00fcmlede Yer Alan \u201c\u2026giri\u015f s\u0131nav\u0131\u2026\u201d \u0130baresi<\/p>\n
130. 4652 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un ek 1. maddesinin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n ikinci c\u00fcmlesinde PAEM\u2019in kurulu\u015f, g\u00f6rev, yetki ve sorumluluklar\u0131n\u0131n, PAEM\u2019e al\u0131nacak \u00f6\u011frencilerde aranacak \u015fartlar\u0131n, giri\u015f s\u0131nav\u0131 ile e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretime ili\u015fkin usul ve esaslar\u0131n Bakanl\u0131k\u00e7a \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan y\u00f6netmelikle belirlenece\u011fi h\u00fck\u00fcm alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. An\u0131lan c\u00fcmlede yer alan \u201c\u2026giri\u015f s\u0131nav\u0131\u2026\u201d ibaresi dava konusu kural\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
131. Kural uyar\u0131nca PAEM\u2019de e\u011fitim alabilecek ikinci kayna\u011f\u0131 olu\u015fturan lisans mezunu polis memurlar\u0131n\u0131n polis amiri olarak atanabilmeleri i\u00e7in PAEM s\u0131nav\u0131nda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmalar\u0131 ve devam\u0131nda e\u011fitimi tamamlamalar\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n
132. Kamu g\u00f6revlilerinin devlet ile olan ili\u015fkileri stat\u00fc hukuku i\u00e7inde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmektedir. Devlet, stat\u00fcleri kanunlarla belirlenen ve bu stat\u00fc kurallar\u0131na g\u00f6re mesle\u011fe al\u0131nan kamu g\u00f6revlilerine atama, y\u00fckselme, ayl\u0131k, \u00f6d\u00fcl, nakil ve s\u0131nav gibi hak veya y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler getirebilir (AYM, E.2018\/73, K.2019\/65, 24\/7\/2019, \u00a7 195).<\/p>\n
133. Kamu g\u00f6revlisi stat\u00fcs\u00fcnde olan polis memurlar\u0131n\u0131n belirli bir e\u011fitimi alabilmesi ve bu surette polis amiri olarak g\u00f6rev yapabilmesi i\u00e7in s\u0131navda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olma \u015fart\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmesi kanun koyucunun takdir yetkisi kapsam\u0131nda olmakla birlikte bu personelin an\u0131lan e\u011fitimi alabilmesine ili\u015fkin temel ilkelerin Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 128. maddesi uyar\u0131nca kanunla d\u00fczenlenmesi ve bu ba\u011flamda Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 7. maddesi uyar\u0131nca yasama yetkisinin idareye devredilmemesi gerekir (benzer y\u00f6nde de\u011ferlendirme i\u00e7in bkz. AYM, E.2021\/84, K.2022\/117, 13\/10\/2022, \u00a7 51).<\/p>\n
134. Kuralda ise PAEM\u2019e giri\u015f s\u0131nav\u0131na ili\u015fkin temel ilke ve esaslar kanunda d\u00fczenlenmeksizin konuyla ilgili d\u00fczenleme yetkisi t\u00fcm\u00fcyle idareye b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu nedenle kural\u0131n kanuni d\u00fczenleme ve yasama yetkisinin devredilmezli\u011fi ilkeleriyle ba\u011fda\u015fan bir y\u00f6n\u00fc bulunmamaktad\u0131r<\/p>\n
135. A\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerle kural, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 7. ve 128. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130ptali gerekir.<\/p>\n
Kural, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 7. ve 128. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclerek iptal edildi\u011finden ayr\u0131ca Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2., 13. ve 124. maddeleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden incelenmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 ile 5., 6., 10., 49., 70., 90., 123. ve 153. maddeleriyle ilgisi g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
iii. C\u00fcmlenin Kalan K\u0131sm\u0131<\/p>\n
136. 4652 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un ek 1. maddesinin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n ikinci c\u00fcmlesinin \u201c\u2026merkezin kurulu\u015f, g\u00f6rev, yetki ve sorumluluklar\u0131,\u2026\u201d ve \u201c\u2026giri\u015f s\u0131nav\u0131\u2026\u201d ibareleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan k\u0131sm\u0131nda PAEM\u2019e al\u0131nacak \u00f6\u011frencilerde aranacak \u015fartlar ile e\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011fretime ili\u015fkin usul ve esaslar\u0131n Bakanl\u0131k\u00e7a \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan y\u00f6netmelikle belirlenece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
137. An\u0131lan f\u0131kran\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesinde lisans mezunu polis memurlar\u0131 ile \u00f6rg\u00fcn e\u011fitim veren \u00fcniversitelerin Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7e belirlenecek en az d\u00f6rt y\u0131l s\u00fcreli fak\u00fcltelerinden mezun olanlar aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lacak s\u0131navda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olanlara PAEM\u2019de ilk derece amirlik e\u011fitiminin verilece\u011fi h\u00fckme ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kural ise s\u0131nava ba\u015fvuracak adaylarda aranacak di\u011fer nitelikler ile ilk derece amirlik e\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011fretimine ili\u015fkin usul ve esaslar\u0131n Bakanl\u0131k\u00e7a d\u00fczenlenmesini \u00f6ng\u00f6rmektedir.<\/p>\n
138. Kurala g\u00f6re PAEM\u2019de e\u011fitim alabilmek i\u00e7in an\u0131lan maddenin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda belirtilenlerin yan\u0131nda ba\u015fka \u015fartlar\u0131n da idare taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ancak bu \u015fartlar\u0131n f\u0131krada belirtilen \u015fartlara ayk\u0131r\u0131 veya bunlar\u0131 ge\u00e7ersiz h\u00e2le getirecek nitelikte olmamas\u0131 gerekir. Bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle f\u0131krada PAEM\u2019e giri\u015fe ili\u015fkin temel ilke ve esaslar ile yasal \u00e7er\u00e7evenin kanunla belirlendi\u011fi ancak bunlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda idare tekni\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnden adaylarda ba\u015fka \u015fartlar\u0131n da aranmas\u0131n\u0131n gerekebilece\u011fi g\u00f6zetilerek kuralla idareye bu hususlarda d\u00fczenleme yetkisinin tan\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Kural uyar\u0131nca idare taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lacak d\u00fczenlemenin yarg\u0131sal denetime de tabi oldu\u011fu g\u00f6zetildi\u011finde, kural\u0131n amac\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda keyf\u00ee olarak uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleyecek g\u00fcvenceleri i\u00e7erdi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
139. Bu itibarla kanunda PAEM\u2019e giri\u015fe ili\u015fkin temel ilke ve esaslar ile \u00e7er\u00e7eve belirlendikten sonra bu merkeze ba\u015fvuracak adaylarda aranacak di\u011fer \u015fartlar ile e\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011fretime ili\u015fkin usul ve esaslara y\u00f6nelik d\u00fczenleme yetkisini idareye b\u0131rakan kuralda hukuki belirlilik, yasama yetkisinin devredilmezli\u011fi ve kanunilik ilkelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fen bir y\u00f6n bulunmamaktad\u0131r (benzer y\u00f6nde bkz. AYM, E. 2015\/41, K. 2017\/98, 4\/5\/2017, \u00a7 215; E.2020\/30, K.2023\/12, 25\/1\/2023, \u00a7 23).<\/p>\n
140. A\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerle kural, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2., 7. ve 128. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 de\u011fildir. \u0130ptal talebinin reddi gerekir.<\/p>\n
Kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 13. ve 124. maddelerine de ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015fse de bu ba\u011flamda belirtilen hususlar, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2. 7. ve 128. maddeleri kapsam\u0131nda ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fundan Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 13. ve 124. maddeleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ayr\u0131ca bir inceleme yap\u0131lmas\u0131na gerek g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 ile 5., 6., 10., 49., 70., 90., 123. ve 153. maddeleriyle ilgisi g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
F. Kanun\u2019un 13. Maddesiyle 5902 Say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019a Eklenen Ge\u00e7ici 8. Maddenin (1) Numaral\u0131 F\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n Birinci C\u00fcmlesinde Yer Alan \u201c…ve\/veya s\u00f6zl\u00fc…\u201d \u0130baresinin \u0130ncelenmesi<\/p>\n
1. Anlam ve Kapsam<\/p>\n
141. Afet ve Acil Durum Y\u00f6netimi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Ba\u015fkanl\u0131k) 15\/7\/2018 tarihli ve 30479 say\u0131l\u0131 Resm\u00ee Gazete\u2019de yay\u0131mlanan (4) numaral\u0131 Bakanl\u0131klara Ba\u011fl\u0131, \u0130lgili, \u0130li\u015fkili Kurum ve Kurulu\u015flar ile Di\u011fer Kurum ve Kurulu\u015flar\u0131n Te\u015fkilat\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kararnamesi\u2019nde (CBK) merkez ve ta\u015fra te\u015fkilat\u0131 \u015feklinde olu\u015fturulmu\u015f, an\u0131lan CBK\u2019n\u0131n 55. maddesinin (2) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131nda Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n merkez te\u015fkilat\u0131nda 27\/6\/1989 tarihli ve 375 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun H\u00fckm\u00fcnde Kararname\u2019nin (KHK) ek 24. maddesine g\u00f6re afet ve acil durum y\u00f6netimi denet\u00e7isi ve denet\u00e7i yard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n istihdam edilebilece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
142. S\u00f6z konusu KHK\u2019n\u0131n ek 24. maddesinde; bakanl\u0131klar ile di\u011fer kamu kurum ve kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n te\u015fkilatlanmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin CBK\u2019larda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmesi kayd\u0131yla bakanl\u0131k, kurum ya da birim d\u00fczeyinde m\u00fcfetti\u015f, denetmen, denet\u00e7i, kontrol\u00f6r, akt\u00fcer ile m\u00fcfetti\u015f yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131, denetmen yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131, denet\u00e7i yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131, akt\u00fcer yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 ve stajyer kontrol\u00f6r\u00fcn istihdam edilebilece\u011fi h\u00fckme ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
143. 5902 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un ge\u00e7ici 8. maddesinde afet ve acil durum y\u00f6netimi denet\u00e7isi kadrolar\u0131na naklen atanacak ki\u015filerin nitelikleri, say\u0131lar\u0131 ve atanmalar\u0131na ili\u015fkin di\u011fer hususlar d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. An\u0131lan maddenin (1) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesinde; genel b\u00fct\u00e7e ve \u00f6zel b\u00fct\u00e7e kapsam\u0131ndaki kamu idarelerinde mesle\u011fe \u00f6zel yar\u0131\u015fma s\u0131nav\u0131na tabi tutulmak suretiyle girilen ve belirli bir yeti\u015fme program\u0131 sonras\u0131 yeterlik s\u0131nav\u0131na tabi tutularak m\u00fcfetti\u015f, denet\u00e7i, denetmen ve kontrol\u00f6r kadrolar\u0131nda yard\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k veya stajyerlikte ge\u00e7en s\u00fcreler d\u00e2hil en az be\u015f y\u0131l g\u00f6rev yapm\u0131\u015f olanlar aras\u0131ndan, yap\u0131lacak yaz\u0131l\u0131 ve\/veya s\u00f6zl\u00fc s\u0131nav sonucunda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olanlar\u0131n, bu maddenin y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011fi tarihten itibaren bir y\u0131l i\u00e7inde durumlar\u0131na uygun denet\u00e7i kadrolar\u0131na naklen atanabilece\u011fi, ikinci c\u00fcmle ise bu \u015fekilde atananlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yediyi ge\u00e7emeyece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. F\u0131kran\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesinde yer alan \u201c\u2026ve\/veya s\u00f6zl\u00fc\u2026\u201d ibaresi dava konusu kural\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
2. \u0130ptal Talebinin Gerek\u00e7esi<\/p>\n
144. Dava dilek\u00e7esinde \u00f6zetle; dava konusu kuralla Ba\u015fkanl\u0131kta denet\u00e7i pozisyonlar\u0131na atanma imk\u00e2n\u0131 tan\u0131yan s\u0131nav\u0131n s\u00f6zl\u00fc a\u015famas\u0131n\u0131n genel \u00e7er\u00e7evesinin belirlenmedi\u011fi, bu ba\u011flamda yaz\u0131l\u0131 s\u0131nav sonras\u0131nda her durumda s\u00f6zl\u00fc s\u0131nav\u0131n yap\u0131l\u0131p yap\u0131lmayaca\u011f\u0131 veya yaz\u0131l\u0131 s\u0131nav olmaks\u0131z\u0131n sadece s\u00f6zl\u00fc s\u0131nav\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131yla yetinilip yetinilmeyece\u011fi, ayr\u0131ca s\u00f6zl\u00fc s\u0131nav\u0131n kim taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131, usul\u00fc ve i\u00e7eri\u011fi gibi konularda nesnel \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fctlerin belirlenmedi\u011fi, bu durumun hukuki belirlilik, \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilirlik ve yasama yetkisinin devredilmezli\u011fi ilkeleriyle ba\u011fda\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, kamu g\u00f6revlilerinin atanma ve \u00f6zl\u00fck haklar\u0131n\u0131 ilgilendiren d\u00fczenlemelerin kanunla yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi, adaylarda aranacak niteliklerin ve s\u0131navlar\u0131n \u015feklinin belirlenmesinin idareye b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n kanunilik ilkesiyle ba\u011fda\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu suretle h\u00e2lihaz\u0131rda kamu g\u00f6revlisi olan personelin keyf\u00ee uygulamalara maruz kalabilece\u011fi, bu durumun ise kamu g\u00f6revlileri aras\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 bozaca\u011f\u0131 ve e\u015fitlik ilkesiyle \u00e7eli\u015fece\u011fi, benzer d\u00fczenlemelere ili\u015fkin olarak Anayasa Mahkemesi taraf\u0131ndan verilen iptal kararlar\u0131na ra\u011fmen kurallar\u0131n ihdas edilmesinin kuvvetler ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilkesini ihlal etti\u011fi, bu durumun milletleraras\u0131 antla\u015fmalarla da ba\u011fda\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilerek kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 ile 2., 5., 6., 7., 10., 13., 49., 70., 90., 123., 128. ve 153. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
3. Anayasa\u2019ya Ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k Sorunu<\/p>\n
145. Anayasa Mahkemesinin 8\/11\/2023 tarihli ve E.2023\/97, K.2023\/192 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131yla 9\/7\/1982 tarihli ve 2690 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye Atom Enerjisi Kurumunun Muafiyetleri ve Baz\u0131 D\u00fczenlemeler Yap\u0131lmas\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Kanun\u2019a 4\/4\/2023 tarihli ve 7451 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 1. maddesiyle eklenen ge\u00e7ici 6. maddenin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesinde yer alan \u201c…ve\/veya s\u00f6zl\u00fc…\u201d ibaresinin Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2., 10. ve 128. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve iptal talebinin reddine karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
146. An\u0131lan kararda s\u00f6z konusu ibareyle kamu yarar\u0131 amac\u0131yla ihtiya\u00e7 h\u00e2linde genel b\u00fct\u00e7e ve \u00f6zel b\u00fct\u00e7e kapsam\u0131ndaki kamu idarelerinde m\u00fcfetti\u015f, denet\u00e7i, denetmen ve kontrol\u00f6r kadro veya pozisyonlar\u0131nda en az be\u015f y\u0131l g\u00f6rev yapm\u0131\u015f olanlar\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye Enerji, N\u00fckleer ve Maden Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurumu (TENMAK) denet\u00e7isi olarak atanabilmeleri i\u00e7in 2690 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019da belirtilen di\u011fer \u015fartlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra s\u00f6zl\u00fc s\u0131nav \u015fart\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmesi konusunda idareye takdir yetkisinin tan\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 bir y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir. \u0130barenin de yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 f\u0131krada TENMAK denet\u00e7isi olarak atanmak i\u00e7in \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen \u015fartlar\u0131n neler oldu\u011funa dair kanuni \u00e7er\u00e7evenin \u00e7izildi\u011fi, temel ilkelerin kanunla belirlendi\u011fi ifade edilmi\u015ftir (AYM, E.2023\/97, K.2023\/192, 8\/11\/2023, \u00a7\u00a7 12-13).<\/p>\n
147. Yine s\u00f6z konusu ibareyle yarg\u0131sal denetime engel herhangi bir d\u00fczenleme \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmedi\u011fi gibi, yarg\u0131sal denetimden \u00f6nce, atamaya ili\u015fkin s\u00fcre\u00e7te idarenin g\u00f6zetmesi gereken ve s\u0131nava girebilecek olanlar\u0131n stat\u00fclerine, bu stat\u00fclerde ge\u00e7irilmesi gereken s\u00fcrelere ve s\u0131navlarda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olunmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin olarak belirli standartlar\u0131n da getirildi\u011fi vurgulanm\u0131\u015f, ibarenin Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2. maddesinde belirtilen hukuk devleti ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 bir y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna ula\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (AYM, E.2023\/97, K.2023\/192, 8\/11\/2023, \u00a7\u00a7 14).<\/p>\n
148. \u00d6te yandan ibareyle TENMAK denet\u00e7isi olarak atanmada, genel b\u00fct\u00e7e ve \u00f6zel b\u00fct\u00e7e kapsam\u0131ndaki kamu idarelerinde mesle\u011fe \u00f6zel yar\u0131\u015fma s\u0131nav\u0131na tabi tutulmak suretiyle girilen ve belirli bir yeti\u015fme program\u0131 sonras\u0131 yeterlik s\u0131nav\u0131na tabi tutularak m\u00fcfetti\u015f, denet\u00e7i, denetmen ve kontrol\u00f6r kadro veya pozisyonlar\u0131nda yard\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k veya stajyerlikte ge\u00e7en s\u00fcreler d\u00e2hil en az be\u015f y\u0131l g\u00f6rev yapm\u0131\u015f olanlar aras\u0131nda herhangi bir ay\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmedi\u011fi ve s\u00f6zl\u00fc s\u0131navda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olma \u015fart\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi durumunda bu \u015fart\u0131n an\u0131lan kamu g\u00f6revlilerinin tamam\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ge\u00e7erli olaca\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir. Bu sebeple ibarenin TENMAK denet\u00e7ili\u011fi s\u0131nav\u0131na girecek kamu g\u00f6revlilerinin tamam\u0131 i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli genel ve objektif bir d\u00fczenleme olmas\u0131 nedeniyle e\u015fitlik ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 bir y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn de bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir (AYM, E.2023\/97, K.2023\/192, 8\/11\/2023, \u00a7\u00a7 18).<\/p>\n
149. Dava konusu kural da genel b\u00fct\u00e7e ve \u00f6zel b\u00fct\u00e7e kapsam\u0131ndaki kamu idarelerinde mesle\u011fe \u00f6zel yar\u0131\u015fma s\u0131nav\u0131na tabi tutulmak suretiyle girilen ve belirli bir yeti\u015fme program\u0131 sonras\u0131 yeterlik s\u0131nav\u0131na tabi tutularak m\u00fcfetti\u015f, denet\u00e7i, denetmen ve kontrol\u00f6r kadro veya pozisyonlar\u0131nda yard\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k veya stajyerlikte ge\u00e7en s\u00fcreler d\u00e2hil en az be\u015f y\u0131l g\u00f6rev yapm\u0131\u015f olanlar aras\u0131ndan, yap\u0131lacak yaz\u0131l\u0131 ve\/veya s\u00f6zl\u00fc s\u0131nav sonucunda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olanlar\u0131n Ba\u015fkanl\u0131kta denet\u00e7i pozisyonlar\u0131na atanmalar\u0131na ili\u015fkindir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kural\u0131n Anayasa Mahkemesinin an\u0131lan karar\u0131na konu ibareyle benzer nitelikte oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu itibarla kural y\u00f6n\u00fcnden s\u00f6z konusu karar\u0131ndan ayr\u0131lmay\u0131 gerektirir bir durum bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
150. A\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerle kural, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2., 10. ve 128. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 de\u011fildir. \u0130ptal talebinin reddi gerekir.<\/p>\n
Kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 ile 5., 6., 7., 13., 49., 70., 90., 123. ve 153. maddeleriyle ilgisi g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
G. Kanun\u2019un 14. Maddesiyle 6458 Say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019a Eklenen Ge\u00e7ici 2. Maddenin (1) Numaral\u0131 F\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n Birinci C\u00fcmlesinde Yer Alan \u201c…ve\/veya s\u00f6zl\u00fc…\u201d \u0130baresinin \u0130ncelenmesi<\/p>\n
1. Anlam ve Kapsam<\/p>\n
151. (4) numaral\u0131 CBK\u2019n\u0131n 161. maddesi uyar\u0131nca G\u00f6\u00e7 \u0130daresi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Ba\u015fkanl\u0131k) b\u00fcnyesinde Rehberlik ve Denetim Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kurulmu\u015f ve an\u0131lan CBK\u2019n\u0131n 166. maddesinin (2) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131nda Ba\u015fkanl\u0131kta 375 say\u0131l\u0131 KHK\u2019n\u0131n ek 24. maddesine g\u00f6re denet\u00e7i ve denet\u00e7i yard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n istihdam edilebilece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
152. 6458 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un ge\u00e7ici 2. maddesinde ise Ba\u015fkanl\u0131kta denet\u00e7i kadrolar\u0131na naklen atanacak ki\u015filerin nitelikleri, say\u0131lar\u0131 ve atanmalar\u0131na ili\u015fkin di\u011fer hususlar d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. An\u0131lan maddenin (1) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesinde; genel b\u00fct\u00e7e ve \u00f6zel b\u00fct\u00e7e kapsam\u0131ndaki kamu idarelerinde mesle\u011fe \u00f6zel yar\u0131\u015fma s\u0131nav\u0131na tabi tutulmak suretiyle girilen ve belirli bir yeti\u015fme program\u0131 sonras\u0131 yeterlik s\u0131nav\u0131na tabi tutularak m\u00fcfetti\u015f, denet\u00e7i, denetmen ve kontrol\u00f6r kadrolar\u0131nda yard\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k veya stajyerlikte ge\u00e7en s\u00fcreler d\u00e2hil en az be\u015f y\u0131l g\u00f6rev yapm\u0131\u015f olanlar aras\u0131ndan, yap\u0131lacak yaz\u0131l\u0131 ve\/veya s\u00f6zl\u00fc s\u0131nav sonucunda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olanlar\u0131n, bu maddenin y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011fi tarihten itibaren bir y\u0131l i\u00e7inde durumlar\u0131na uygun denet\u00e7i kadrolar\u0131na naklen atanabilece\u011fi, ikinci c\u00fcmlede ise bu \u015fekilde atananlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yediyi ge\u00e7emeyece\u011fi h\u00fckme ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. F\u0131kran\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesinde yer alan \u201c\u2026ve\/veya s\u00f6zl\u00fc\u2026\u201d ibaresi dava konusu kural\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
2. \u0130ptal Talebinin Gerek\u00e7esi<\/p>\n
153. Dava dilek\u00e7esinde \u00f6zetle, kural\u0131n 7422 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 13. maddesiyle 5902 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019a eklenen ge\u00e7ici 8. maddenin (1) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesinde yer alan \u201c…ve\/veya s\u00f6zl\u00fc…\u201d ibaresine y\u00f6nelik gerek\u00e7elerle Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 ile 2., 5., 6., 7., 10., 13., 49., 70., 90., 123., 128. ve 153. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
3. Anayasa\u2019ya Ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k Sorunu<\/p>\n
154. 7422 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 13. maddesiyle 5902 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019a eklenen ge\u00e7ici 8. maddenin (1) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesinde yer alan \u201c…ve\/veya s\u00f6zl\u00fc…\u201d ibaresinin Anayasa\u2019ya uygunluk denetiminde a\u00e7\u0131klanan gerek\u00e7eler dava konusu kural y\u00f6n\u00fcnden de ge\u00e7erlidir.<\/p>\n
155. A\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerle kural, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2., 10. ve 128. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 de\u011fildir. \u0130ptal talebinin reddi gerekir.<\/p>\n
Kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 ile 5., 6., 7., 13., 49., 70., 90., 123. ve 153. maddeleriyle ilgisi g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
IV. \u0130PTAL KARARININ Y\u00dcR\u00dcRL\u00dc\u011eE G\u0130RECE\u011e\u0130 G\u00dcN SORUNU<\/p>\n
156. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 153. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131nda \u201cKanun, Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararnamesi veya T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi \u0130\u00e7t\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ya da bunlar\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcmleri, iptal kararlar\u0131n\u0131n Resm\u00ee Gazetede yay\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihte y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kalkar. Gereken hallerde Anayasa Mahkemesi iptal h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girece\u011fi tarihi ayr\u0131ca kararla\u015ft\u0131rabilir. Bu tarih, karar\u0131n Resm\u00ee Gazetede yay\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnden ba\u015flayarak bir y\u0131l\u0131 ge\u00e7emez\u201d denilmekte, 6216 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 66. maddesinin (3) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131nda da bu kural tekrarlanarak Anayasa Mahkemesinin gerekli g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc h\u00e2llerde, Resm\u00ee Gazete\u2019de yay\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnden ba\u015flayarak iptal karar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girece\u011fi tarihi bir y\u0131l\u0131 ge\u00e7memek \u00fczere ayr\u0131ca kararla\u015ft\u0131rabilece\u011fi belirtilmektedir.<\/p>\n
157. 7422 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un;<\/p>\n
– 6. maddesiyle 2692 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019a eklenen ek 15. maddenin,<\/p>\n
– 8. maddesiyle 2803 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019a eklenen ek 20. maddenin,<\/p>\n
– 10. maddesiyle 4652 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 15. maddesinin de\u011fi\u015ftirilen alt\u0131nc\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n,<\/p>\n
– 12. maddesiyle 4652 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un de\u011fi\u015ftirilen ek 1. maddesinin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n ikinci c\u00fcmlesinde yer alan \u201c\u2026merkezin kurulu\u015f, g\u00f6rev, yetki ve sorumluluklar\u0131,\u2026\u201d ve \u201c\u2026giri\u015f s\u0131nav\u0131,\u2026\u201d ibarelerinin,<\/p>\n
iptal edilmeleri nedeniyle do\u011facak hukuksal bo\u015fluk kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131 ihlal edici nitelikte g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 153. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131yla 6216 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 66. maddesinin (3) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131 gere\u011fince bu kurallara ili\u015fkin iptal h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin karar\u0131n Resm\u00ee Gazete\u2019de yay\u0131mlanmas\u0131ndan ba\u015flayarak dokuz ay sonra y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmesi uygun g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
V. Y\u00dcR\u00dcRL\u00dc\u011e\u00dcN DURDURULMASI TALEB\u0130<\/p>\n
158. Dava dilek\u00e7esinde \u00f6zetle; dava konusu kurallar\u0131n uygulanmalar\u0131 h\u00e2linde telafisi g\u00fc\u00e7 veya imk\u00e2ns\u0131z zararlar\u0131n do\u011fabilece\u011fi belirtilerek y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fcklerinin durdurulmas\u0131na karar verilmesi talep edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
23\/11\/2022 tarihli ve 7422 say\u0131l\u0131 Polis Y\u00fcksek \u00d6\u011fretim Kanunu ile Baz\u0131 Kanunlarda De\u011fi\u015fiklik Yap\u0131lmas\u0131na Dair Kanun\u2019un;<\/p>\n
A. 1. maddesiyle 18\/3\/1924 tarihli ve 442 say\u0131l\u0131 K\u00f6y Kanunu\u2019na eklenen 74\/A maddesinin;<\/p>\n
1. (c) f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (9) numaral\u0131 bendine,<\/p>\n
2. (\u00e7) f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (6) numaral\u0131 bendinde yer alan \u201c\u2026\u00fcyeli\u011fi, mensubiyeti,\u2026\u201d ibaresine,<\/p>\n
y\u00f6nelik y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn durdurulmas\u0131 taleplerinin, ko\u015fullar\u0131 olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan REDD\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
B. 1. 6. maddesiyle 9\/7\/1982 tarihli ve 2692 say\u0131l\u0131 Sahil G\u00fcvenlik Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kanunu\u2019na eklenen ek 15. maddeye,<\/p>\n
2. 8. maddesiyle 10\/3\/1983 tarihli ve 2803 say\u0131l\u0131 Jandarma Te\u015fkilat, G\u00f6rev ve Yetkileri Kanunu\u2019na eklenen ek 20. maddeye,<\/p>\n
3. 10. maddesiyle 25\/4\/2001 tarihli ve 4652 say\u0131l\u0131 Polis Y\u00fcksek \u00d6\u011fretim Kanunu\u2019nun 15. maddesinin de\u011fi\u015ftirilen alt\u0131nc\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131na,<\/p>\n
4. 12. maddesiyle 4652 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un de\u011fi\u015ftirilen ek 1. maddesinin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n ikinci c\u00fcmlesinde yer alan \u201c\u2026merkezin kurulu\u015f, g\u00f6rev, yetki ve sorumluluklar\u0131,\u2026\u201d ve \u201c\u2026giri\u015f s\u0131nav\u0131\u2026\u201d ibarelerine,<\/p>\n
y\u00f6nelik iptal h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmelerinin ertelenmeleri nedeniyle bu maddelere, f\u0131kraya ve ibarelere ili\u015fkin y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn durdurulmas\u0131 taleplerinin REDD\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
C. 1. 1. maddesiyle 442 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019a eklenen 74\/A maddesinin (\u00e7) f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (6) numaral\u0131 bendinin \u201c\u2026\u00fcyeli\u011fi, mensubiyeti,\u2026\u201d ibaresi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan k\u0131sm\u0131na,<\/p>\n
2. 4. maddesiyle 4\/6\/1937 tarihli ve 3201 say\u0131l\u0131 Emniyet Te\u015fkilat Kanunu\u2019na eklenen ge\u00e7ici 31. maddenin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131nda yer alan \u201c…Emniyet Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnce belirlenir.\u201d ibaresine,<\/p>\n
3. 12. maddesiyle 4652 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un de\u011fi\u015ftirilen ek 1. maddesinin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n;<\/p>\n
a. Birinci c\u00fcmlesinde yer alan \u201c…Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7e belirlenecek…\u201d ve \u201c…s\u0131navda…\u201d ibarelerine,<\/p>\n
b. \u0130kinci c\u00fcmlesinin \u201c\u2026merkezin kurulu\u015f, g\u00f6rev, yetki ve sorumluluklar\u0131,\u2026\u201d ve \u201c\u2026giri\u015f s\u0131nav\u0131\u2026\u201d ibareleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan k\u0131sm\u0131na,<\/p>\n
4. 13. maddesiyle 29\/5\/2009 tarihli ve 5902 say\u0131l\u0131 Afet ve Acil Durum Y\u00f6netimi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile \u0130lgili Baz\u0131 D\u00fczenlemeler Hakk\u0131nda Kanun\u2019a eklenen ge\u00e7ici 8. maddenin (1) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesinde yer alan \u201c…ve\/veya s\u00f6zl\u00fc…\u201d ibaresine,<\/p>\n
5. 14. maddesiyle 4\/4\/2013 tarihli ve 6458 say\u0131l\u0131 Yabanc\u0131lar ve Uluslararas\u0131 Koruma Kanunu\u2019na eklenen ge\u00e7ici 2. maddenin (1) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesinde yer alan \u201c…ve\/veya s\u00f6zl\u00fc…\u201d ibaresine,<\/p>\n
y\u00f6nelik iptal talepleri 23\/7\/2024 tarihli ve E.2023\/25, K.2024\/139 say\u0131l\u0131 kararla reddedildi\u011finden bu k\u0131s\u0131mlara ve ibarelere ili\u015fkin y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn durdurulmas\u0131 taleplerinin REDD\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
23\/7\/2024 tarihinde OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
VI. H\u00dcK\u00dcM<\/p>\n
23\/11\/2022 tarihli ve 7422 say\u0131l\u0131 Polis Y\u00fcksek \u00d6\u011fretim Kanunu ile Baz\u0131 Kanunlarda De\u011fi\u015fiklik Yap\u0131lmas\u0131na Dair Kanun\u2019un;<\/p>\n
A. 1. maddesiyle 18\/3\/1924 tarihli ve 442 say\u0131l\u0131 K\u00f6y Kanunu\u2019na eklenen 74\/A maddesinin;<\/p>\n
1. (c) f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (9) numaral\u0131 bendinin Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funa ve \u0130PTAL\u0130NE, R\u0131dvan G\u00dcLE\u00c7 ile Muhterem \u0130NCE\u2019nin kar\u015f\u0131oylar\u0131 ve OY\u00c7OKLU\u011eUYLA<\/p>\n
2. (\u00e7) f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n;<\/p>\n
a. (6) numaral\u0131 bendinde yer alan \u201c\u2026\u00fcyeli\u011fi, mensubiyeti,\u2026\u201d ibaresinin Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funa ve \u0130PTAL\u0130NE OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE,<\/p>\n
b. (6) numaral\u0131 bendinin kalan k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve iptal talebinin REDD\u0130NE OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE,<\/p>\n
B. 4. maddesiyle 4\/6\/1937 tarihli ve 3201 say\u0131l\u0131 Emniyet Te\u015fkilat Kanunu\u2019na eklenen ge\u00e7ici 31. maddenin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131nda yer alan \u201c…Emniyet Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnce belirlenir.\u201d ibaresinin Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve iptal talebinin REDD\u0130NE OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE,<\/p>\n
C. 6. maddesiyle 9\/7\/1982 tarihli ve 2692 say\u0131l\u0131 Sahil G\u00fcvenlik Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kanunu\u2019na eklenen ek 15. maddenin Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funa ve \u0130PTAL\u0130NE, iptal h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 153. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131 ile 30\/3\/2011 tarihli ve 6216 say\u0131l\u0131 Anayasa Mahkemesinin Kurulu\u015fu ve Yarg\u0131lama Usulleri Hakk\u0131nda Kanun\u2019un 66. maddesinin (3) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131 gere\u011fince KARARIN RESM\u00ce GAZETE\u2019DE YAYIMLANMASINDAN BA\u015eLAYARAK DOKUZ AY SONRA Y\u00dcR\u00dcRL\u00dc\u011eE G\u0130RMES\u0130NE OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE,<\/p>\n
\u00c7. 8. maddesiyle 10\/3\/1983 tarihli ve 2803 say\u0131l\u0131 Jandarma Te\u015fkilat, G\u00f6rev ve Yetkileri Kanunu\u2019na eklenen ek 20. maddenin Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funa ve \u0130PTAL\u0130NE, iptal h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 153. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131 ile 6216 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 66. maddesinin (3) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131 gere\u011fince KARARIN RESM\u00ce GAZETE\u2019DE YAYIMLANMASINDAN BA\u015eLAYARAK DOKUZ AY SONRA Y\u00dcR\u00dcRL\u00dc\u011eE G\u0130RMES\u0130NE OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE,<\/p>\n
D. 10. maddesiyle 25\/4\/2001 tarihli ve 4652 say\u0131l\u0131 Polis Y\u00fcksek \u00d6\u011fretim Kanunu\u2019nun 15. maddesinin de\u011fi\u015ftirilen alt\u0131nc\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funa ve \u0130PTAL\u0130NE, iptal h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 153. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131 ile 6216 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 66. maddesinin (3) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131 gere\u011fince KARARIN RESM\u00ce GAZETE\u2019DE YAYIMLANMASINDAN BA\u015eLAYARAK DOKUZ AY SONRA Y\u00dcR\u00dcRL\u00dc\u011eE G\u0130RMES\u0130NE OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE,<\/p>\n
E. 12. maddesiyle 4652 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un de\u011fi\u015ftirilen ek 1. maddesinin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n;<\/p>\n
1. Birinci c\u00fcmlesinde yer alan \u201c…Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7e belirlenecek…\u201d ve \u201c…s\u0131navda…\u201d ibarelerinin Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmad\u0131klar\u0131na ve iptal taleplerinin REDD\u0130NE OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE,<\/p>\n
2. a. \u0130kinci c\u00fcmlesinde yer alan;<\/p>\n
i. \u201c\u2026merkezin kurulu\u015f, g\u00f6rev, yetki ve sorumluluklar\u0131,\u2026\u201d ibaresinin Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funa ve \u0130PTAL\u0130NE, iptal h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 153. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131 ile 6216 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 66. maddesinin (3) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131 gere\u011fince KARARIN RESM\u00ce GAZETE\u2019DE YAYIMLANMASINDAN BA\u015eLAYARAK DOKUZ AY SONRA Y\u00dcR\u00dcRL\u00dc\u011eE G\u0130RMES\u0130NE OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE,<\/p>\n
ii. \u201c\u2026giri\u015f s\u0131nav\u0131\u2026\u201d ibaresinin Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funa ve \u0130PTAL\u0130NE, iptal h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 153. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131 ile 6216 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 66. maddesinin (3) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131 gere\u011fince KARARIN RESM\u00ce GAZETE\u2019DE YAYIMLANMASINDAN BA\u015eLAYARAK DOKUZ AY SONRA Y\u00dcR\u00dcRL\u00dc\u011eE G\u0130RMES\u0130NE OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE,<\/p>\n
b. \u0130kinci c\u00fcmlesinin kalan k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve iptal talebinin REDD\u0130NE OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE,<\/p>\n
F. 13. maddesiyle 29\/5\/2009 tarihli ve 5902 say\u0131l\u0131 Afet ve Acil Durum Y\u00f6netimi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile \u0130lgili Baz\u0131 D\u00fczenlemeler Hakk\u0131nda Kanun\u2019a eklenen ge\u00e7ici 8. maddenin (1) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesinde yer alan \u201c…ve\/veya s\u00f6zl\u00fc…\u201d ibaresinin Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve iptal talebinin REDD\u0130NE OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE,<\/p>\n
G. 14. maddesiyle 4\/4\/2013 tarihli ve 6458 say\u0131l\u0131 Yabanc\u0131lar ve Uluslararas\u0131 Koruma Kanunu\u2019na eklenen ge\u00e7ici 2. maddenin (1) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesinde yer alan \u201c…ve\/veya s\u00f6zl\u00fc…\u201d ibaresinin Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve iptal talebinin REDD\u0130NE OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE,<\/p>\n
23\/7\/2024 tarihinde karar verildi.<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fkan<\/p>\n
Kadir \u00d6ZKAYA<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fkanvekili<\/p>\n
Hasan Tahsin G\u00d6KCAN<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fkanvekili<\/p>\n
Basri BA\u011eCI<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
Engin YILDIRIM<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
R\u0131dvan G\u00dcLE\u00c7<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
Recai AKYEL<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
Yusuf \u015eevki HAKYEMEZ<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
Y\u0131ld\u0131z SEFER\u0130NO\u011eLU<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
Selahaddin MENTE\u015e<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
\u0130rfan F\u0130DAN<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
Kenan YA\u015eAR<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
Muhterem \u0130NCE<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
Y\u0131lmaz AK\u00c7\u0130L<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
\u00d6mer \u00c7INAR<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
KAR\u015eIOY GEREK\u00c7ES\u0130<\/p>\n
1. Mahkememiz \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu taraf\u0131ndan, g\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131n\u0131n toplu m\u00fcracaat veya \u015fik\u00e2yette bulunmak eylemeni i\u015flemeleri durumunda \u00fccretten kesme cezas\u0131yla cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6rmek suretiyle dilek\u00e7e ve bilgi edinme hakk\u0131na s\u0131n\u0131rlama getiren kural\u0131n, zorunlu bir toplumsal ihtiyaca kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k geldi\u011finin ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla demokratik toplum d\u00fczeninde gerekli oldu\u011funun s\u00f6ylenemeyece\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle iptaline karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
2. \u00dclkemizde dilek\u00e7e hakk\u0131n\u0131n pozitif hukukumuza giri\u015fi 1876 Anayasas\u0131 ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. An\u0131lan Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 14. maddesinde, vatanda\u015flar\u0131n tek ba\u015flar\u0131na veya topluca dilek\u00e7e verme haklar\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
3. 1924 Anayasas\u0131’n\u0131n 82. maddesinde 1876 Anayasas\u0131’n\u0131n 14. maddesine benzer \u015fekilde; T\u00fcrklerin, gerek \u015fah\u0131slar\u0131na gerekse kamuya ili\u015fkin olarak kavanin (yasalar) ve nizamata (kurallar) ayk\u0131r\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri konularda yetkili mercilere ve TBMM’ne tek ba\u015flar\u0131na veya toplu olarak ihbar ve \u015fik\u00e2yette bulunabilecekleri belirtilmi\u015f, bu ba\u015fvurular\u0131n sonucunun ilgiliye yaz\u0131l\u0131 olarak bildirilme zorunlulu\u011fu getirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
4. 1982 Anayasas\u0131 tasla\u011f\u0131nda ise dilek\u00e7e hakk\u0131 1961 Anayasas\u0131’nda oldu\u011fu \u015fekilde aynen Dan\u0131\u015fma Meclisinde kabul edilmesine kar\u015f\u0131n Milli G\u00fcvenlik Konseyi Anayasa Komisyonu taraf\u0131ndan redaksiyona t\u00e2bi tutularak 74. madde olarak yeniden d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f ve Dan\u0131\u015fma Meclisince kabul edilen metinde yer alan”,tek ba\u015flar\u0131na veya topluca,” ibaresi madde metninden \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Milli G\u00fcvenlik Konseyi Anayasa Komisyonu’nun g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda; ‘vatanda\u015flar dilek\u00e7e ile ba\u015fvurma hakk\u0131na sahiptir ve bu hakk\u0131n kullan\u0131lma bi\u00e7imi de kanunla d\u00fczenlenir’ dedikten sonra ba\u015fvurunun tek mi yoksa toplaca m\u0131 yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 \u015feklindeki ibarelere yer verilmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
5. G\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131n\u0131n vatanda\u015f olmalar\u0131 nedeniyle dilek\u00e7e hakk\u0131n\u0131 kullanabilecekleri izahtan varestedir. Bununla beraber g\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131n\u0131n ifa etti\u011fi hizmetin niteli\u011fi gere\u011fince dilek\u00e7e haklar\u0131n\u0131n kullanmalar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlamalara tabi tutulabilece\u011fi de g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilmemelidir. \u0130tiraz konusu d\u00fczenlemenin de bu kapsamda de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
6. 442 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 74. maddesinde g\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fta ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc h\u00e2l ilan\u0131n\u0131 gerektiren sebepler ve \u015fiddet hareketlerine ait ciddi belirtilerin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlar olmak \u00fczere k\u00f6yl\u00fcn\u00fcn can\u0131na ve mal\u0131na tecav\u00fcz hareketlerinin artabilece\u011fi her durumda g\u00f6revlendirilebilecekleri, gerekti\u011finde g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7leriyle ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadele kapsam\u0131nda operasyonlara kat\u0131labilecekleri h\u00fck\u00fcm alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
7. \u0130fa ettikleri hizmetin niteli\u011fi gere\u011fi g\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7 g\u00fcvenli\u011fin sa\u011flanmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir g\u00f6rev \u00fcstlendikleri, itiraz konusu kural\u0131n da sunulan hizmetin etkin ve verimli bir \u015fekilde yerine getirilmesini sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla ihdas edildi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
8. Koruculuk hizmetinin etkin ve verimli olarak yerine getirilmesi i\u00e7in korucular\u0131n s\u0131k\u0131 disiplin ve hiyerar\u015fi alt\u0131nda g\u00f6revlerini ifa etmeleri gerekir. Toplu \u015fik\u00e2yet eyleminin ise koruculuk hizmetinin gere\u011fi olan disiplini menfi y\u00f6nde etkilemesi ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmazd\u0131r. Bu nedenle itiraz konusu kuralla g\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131n\u0131n toplu \u015fik\u00e2yette bulunmalar\u0131 koruculuk hizmetinin niteli\u011fine uygun olmayan bir davran\u0131\u015f olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ve \u00fccretten kesme cezas\u0131n\u0131 gerektiren bir eylem olarak d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
9. Toplu \u015fik\u00e2yetle ilgili Anayasalar\u0131m\u0131zda yer verilen d\u00fczenlemeler tarihsel yorum y\u00f6ntemiyle de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde, anayasa koyucunun dilek\u00e7e hakk\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczenlendi\u011fi maddeden toplu \u015fik\u00e2yet hakk\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131n\u0131n ve kanun koyucu taraf\u0131ndan an\u0131lan eylemin vahim bir netice do\u011furmas\u0131 durumunda cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmemesinin bilin\u00e7li bir tercihin \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Zira toplu \u015fik\u00e2yet eylemi, i\u00e7erdi\u011fi tehlike nedeniyle meydana gelmeden cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken bir eylemdir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kuralla kamu d\u00fczeninin korunmas\u0131 amac\u0131na ula\u015fma bak\u0131m\u0131ndan dilek\u00e7e ve bilgi edinme haklar\u0131na getirilen s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n zorunlu bir toplumsal ihtiyaca kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k geldi\u011fi ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n demokratik toplum d\u00fczeninde gerekli oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenebilir.<\/p>\n
10. \u00d6te yandan s\u00f6z konusu cezan\u0131n verilebilmesi i\u00e7in \u015fik\u00e2yet eyleminin topluca yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilmemelidir. Di\u011fer bir ifadeyle g\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131n\u0131n bireysel olarak \u015fik\u00e2yette bulunmalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde bir engel bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Bu itibarla bireysel olarak dilek\u00e7e ve bilgi edinme hakk\u0131n\u0131 kullanmaya y\u00f6nelik s\u0131n\u0131rlama \u00f6ng\u00f6rmeyen sadece topluca \u015fik\u00e2yet eylemini s\u0131n\u0131rlayan kural\u0131n g\u00fcvenlik korucular\u0131na a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 bir k\u00fclfet de y\u00fckledi\u011fi s\u00f6ylenemez.<\/p>\n
11. A\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerle kural\u0131n \u201ctoplu \u015fik\u00e2yette bulunmak\u201d ibarelerinin Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna ula\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fun g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne i\u015ftirak edilmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
R\u0131dvan G\u00dcLE\u00c7<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
Muhterem \u0130NCE<\/p>\n
\u200bAnayasa Mahkemesi’nin 23\/7\/2024 tarihli, 2023\/25 esas – 2024\/139 karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131\u00a0Hukuki Haber<\/p>\n
Haberin Al\u0131nt\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kaynak: www.hukukihaber.net<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130 KARARI \u00a0 Esas Say\u0131s\u0131 : 2023\/25 Karar Say\u0131s\u0131 : 2024\/139 Karar Tarihi : 23\/7\/2024 R.G.Tarih-Say\u0131 : 12\/11\/2024-32720 \u00a0 \u0130PTAL DAVASINI A\u00c7AN: T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi \u00fcyeleri Engin ALTAY, \u00d6zg\u00fcr \u00d6ZEL, Engin \u00d6ZKO\u00c7 ile birlikte 129 milletvekili \u0130PTAL DAVASININ KONUSU: 23\/11\/2022 tarihli ve 7422 say\u0131l\u0131 Polis Y\u00fcksek \u00d6\u011fretim Kanunu ile Baz\u0131 Kanunlarda De\u011fi\u015fiklik Yap\u0131lmas\u0131na Dair Kanun\u2019un; A. 1. maddesiyle 18\/3\/1924 tarihli ve 442 say\u0131l\u0131 K\u00f6y Kanunu\u2019na eklenen 74\/A maddesinin; 1. (c) f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (9) numaral\u0131 bendinin, 2. (\u00e7) f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (6) numaral\u0131 bendinin, B. 4. maddesiyle 4\/6\/1937 tarihli ve 3201 say\u0131l\u0131 Emniyet Te\u015fkilat Kanunu\u2019na eklenen ge\u00e7ici 31. maddenin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131nda yer alan \u201c…Emniyet Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnce belirlenir.\u201d ibaresinin, C. 6. maddesiyle 9\/7\/1982 tarihli ve 2692 say\u0131l\u0131 Sahil G\u00fcvenlik Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kanunu\u2019na eklenen ek 15. maddenin, \u00c7. 8. maddesiyle 10\/3\/1983 tarihli ve 2803 say\u0131l\u0131 Jandarma Te\u015fkilat, G\u00f6rev ve Yetkileri Kanunu\u2019na eklenen ek 20. maddenin, D. 10. maddesiyle 25\/4\/2001 tarihli ve 4652 say\u0131l\u0131 Polis Y\u00fcksek \u00d6\u011fretim Kanunu\u2019nun 15. maddesinin de\u011fi\u015ftirilen alt\u0131nc\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n, E. 12. maddesiyle 4652 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un de\u011fi\u015ftirilen ek 1. maddesinin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n; 1. Birinci c\u00fcmlesinde yer alan \u201c…Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7e belirlenecek…\u201d ve \u201c…s\u0131navda…\u201d ibarelerinin, 2. \u0130kinci c\u00fcmlesinin, F. 13. maddesiyle 29\/5\/2009 tarihli ve 5902 say\u0131l\u0131 Afet ve Acil Durum Y\u00f6netimi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile \u0130lgili Baz\u0131 …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27,535],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15700","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hukukihaber","category-uncategorized-tr"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n