{"id":6499,"date":"2024-10-22T10:02:00","date_gmt":"2024-10-22T07:02:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/denizcankizil.tr\/uncategorized-tr\/evlatlik-ve-evlat-edinen-arasinda-yapilan-ivazli-tasarruflarin-bagislama-gibi-kabul-edildigini-ongoren-kuralin-anayasaya-aykiri-oldugu\/"},"modified":"2024-10-22T10:02:00","modified_gmt":"2024-10-22T07:02:00","slug":"evlatlik-ve-evlat-edinen-arasinda-yapilan-ivazli-tasarruflarin-bagislama-gibi-kabul-edildigini-ongoren-kuralin-anayasaya-aykiri-oldugu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/denizcankizil.tr\/en\/hukukihaber\/evlatlik-ve-evlat-edinen-arasinda-yapilan-ivazli-tasarruflarin-bagislama-gibi-kabul-edildigini-ongoren-kuralin-anayasaya-aykiri-oldugu\/","title":{"rendered":"Evlatl\u0131k ve Evlat Edinen Aras\u0131nda Yap\u0131lan \u0130vazl\u0131 Tasarruflar\u0131n Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flama Gibi Kabul Edildi\u011fini \u00d6ng\u00f6ren Kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019ya Ayk\u0131r\u0131 Oldu\u011fu"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0130tiraz Konusu Kural<\/p>\n

\u0130tiraz konusu kural\u0131n da yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fczenlemede, baz\u0131 h\u0131s\u0131mlar aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ivazl\u0131 tasarruflar\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131\u015flama gibi kabul edilece\u011fi belirtilerek evlat edinen ve evlatl\u0131k aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ivazl\u0131 tasarruflar\u0131n bu kapsamda oldu\u011fu h\u00fckme ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu d\u00fczenlemede yer alan \u201c…evlat edinenle evlatl\u0131k…\u201d ibaresi itiraz konusu kural\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fvuru Gerek\u00e7esi<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fvuru karar\u0131nda \u00f6zetle; itiraz konusu kuralla evlatl\u0131k ve evlat edinen aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ivazl\u0131 tasarruflar\u0131n kesin olarak ba\u011f\u0131\u015flama gibi kabul edildi\u011fi, bu hususta taraflara iddia ve savunmada bulunma, ispat y\u00f6n\u00fcnden delil, bilgi ve belge sunma imk\u00e2n\u0131 tan\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu durumun m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n ve hak arama \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcz bir \u015fekilde s\u0131n\u0131rlanmas\u0131na neden oldu\u011fu belirtilerek kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Mahkemenin De\u011ferlendirmesi<\/p>\n

Anayasa Mahkemesi, itiraz konusu kuralla ayn\u0131 i\u00e7erikte olup farkl\u0131 h\u0131s\u0131ml\u0131k ili\u015fkilerini d\u00fczenleyen baz\u0131 ibarelerin iptal taleplerine ili\u015fkin daha \u00f6nce verdi\u011fi kararlarda m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131 ile hak arama \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne s\u0131n\u0131rlama getirildi\u011fini tespit etmi\u015ftir. Mahkeme, s\u00f6z konusu kararlarda m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n ve hak arama \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn s\u0131n\u0131rlanabilir bir hak oldu\u011funu ifade etmi\u015f ancak s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n kanunla yap\u0131lmas\u0131, Anayasa\u2019da \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen s\u0131n\u0131rlama sebebine uygun ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini vurgulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (AYM, E.2018\/9, K.2018\/84, 11\/7\/2018; E.2021\/52, K.2021\/97, 16\/12\/2021; E.2021\/9, K.2022\/4, 26\/1\/2022).<\/p>\n

An\u0131lan kararlarda h\u0131s\u0131ml\u0131k ili\u015fkilerinin mahiyeti, kapsam ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 itibar\u0131yla ibarelerin belirli ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir oldu\u011fu belirtilmi\u015f, ibarelerin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kural\u0131n bor\u00e7lunun alacakl\u0131lar\u0131ndan mal ka\u00e7\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 ve alaca\u011f\u0131n tahsiline y\u00f6nelik \u00e7abalar\u0131n sonu\u00e7suz kalmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemeyi ama\u00e7lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir. Bu ba\u011flamda ilgili ibarelerin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kural\u0131n me\u015fru bir amac\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu sonucuna var\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

S\u00f6z konusu kararlarda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnden yap\u0131lan de\u011ferlendirmede ise ilgili ibarelerin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kuralda bor\u00e7lunun baz\u0131 yak\u0131n h\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 ile yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ivazl\u0131 tasarruflar\u0131n ba\u015fka hi\u00e7bir \u015farta tabi olmaks\u0131z\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131\u015flama oldu\u011fu kabul edilirken bu hususun aksinin iddia ve ispat edilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan bir olgu olarak d\u00fczenlendi\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca tasarruf konusu mal\u0131n de\u011ferinin tam olarak veya fazlas\u0131yla \u00f6denmesi, tasarruf i\u015fleminin bor\u00e7lunun alacakl\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n da menfaatine olmas\u0131, alacakl\u0131lar\u0131n tasarruf i\u015flemi dolay\u0131s\u0131yla zarar g\u00f6rmemesi, alacakl\u0131lar\u0131n alaca\u011f\u0131 tahsil ve cebri icra imk\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131n zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f hatta kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 gibi h\u00e2llerin dahi bu sonucu de\u011fi\u015ftiremeyece\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f; taraflara belirtilen hususlarda iddia ve savunmada bulunma, bu hususlar\u0131n ispat\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden delil, bilgi ve belge sunma imk\u00e2n\u0131 tan\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Daha \u00f6nce yap\u0131lan bu de\u011ferlendirmeler g\u00f6z\u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunduruldu\u011funda itiraz konusu kural bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da Anayasa Mahkemesinin an\u0131lan kararlar\u0131ndan ayr\u0131lmay\u0131 gerektiren bir durum olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna ula\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Anayasa Mahkemesi a\u00e7\u0131klanan gerek\u00e7elerle kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funa ve iptaline karar vermi\u015ftir.\u00a0<\/p>\n

—-<\/p>\n

ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130 KARARI<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Esas Say\u0131s\u0131 : 2023\/200<\/p>\n

Karar Say\u0131s\u0131 : 2024\/103<\/p>\n

Karar Tarihi : 9\/5\/2024<\/p>\n

R.G.Tarih-Say\u0131 : 22\/10\/2024-32700<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u0130T\u0130RAZ YOLUNA BA\u015eVURAN: Bursa B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesi 10. Hukuk Dairesi<\/p>\n

\u0130T\u0130RAZIN KONUSU: 9\/6\/1932 tarihli ve 2004 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130cra ve \u0130flas Kanunu\u2019nun 18\/2\/1965 tarihli ve 538 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 114. maddesiyle de\u011fi\u015ftirilen 278. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n 9\/11\/1988 tarihli ve 3494 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 53. maddesiyle de\u011fi\u015ftirilen (1) numaral\u0131 bendinde yer alan \u201c…evlat edinenle evlatl\u0131k…\u201d ibaresinin Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 13., 35. ve 36. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclerek iptaline karar verilmesi talebidir.<\/p>\n

OLAY: Tasarrufun iptali davas\u0131nda verilen karar\u0131n istinaf incelemesinde itiraz konusu kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu kan\u0131s\u0131na varan Mahkeme, iptali i\u00e7in ba\u015fvurmu\u015ftur. <\/p>\n

I.\u00a0\u0130PTAL\u0130 \u0130STENEN KANUN H\u00dcKM\u00dc <\/p>\n

Kanun\u2019un itiraz konusu kural\u0131n da yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 278. maddesi \u015f\u00f6yledir;<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u201c\u0130vazs\u0131z tasarruflar\u0131n butlan\u0131:<\/p>\n

Madde 278 \u2013 (De\u011fi\u015fik: 18\/2\/1965-538\/114 md.)<\/p>\n

M\u00fctat hediyeler m\u00fcstesna olmak \u00fczere, hacizden veya haczedilecek mal bulunmamas\u0131 sebebiyle acizden yahut iflas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131ndan haczin veya aciz vesikas\u0131 verilmesinin sebebi olan yahut masaya kabul olunan alacaklardan en eskisinin tesis edilmi\u015f oldu\u011fu tarihe kadar geriye do\u011fru olan m\u00fcddet i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lan b\u00fct\u00fcn ba\u011f\u0131\u015flamalar ve ivazs\u0131z tasarruflar bat\u0131ld\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ancak, bu m\u00fcddet haciz veya aciz yahut iflastan evvelki iki seneyi ge\u00e7emez.<\/p>\n

A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tasarruflar ba\u011f\u0131\u015flama gibidir.<\/p>\n

1. (De\u011fi\u015fik : 9\/11\/1988-3494\/53 md.) (\u0130ptal ibare: Anayasa Mahkemesi\u2019nin 16\/12\/2021 tarihli ve E.: 2021\/52, K.: 2021\/97 say\u0131l\u0131 Karar\u0131 ile.) (\u0130ptal ibare: Anayasa Mahkemesi\u2019nin 26\/1\/2022 tarihli ve E.: 2021\/9, K.: 2022\/4 say\u0131l\u0131 Karar\u0131 ile.) f\u00fcru, (\u0130ptal ibare: Anayasa Mahkemesi\u2019nin 11\/7\/2018 tarihli ve E.: 2018\/9, K.: 2018\/84 say\u0131l\u0131 Karar\u0131 ile.) (\u2026) (\u0130ptal ibare: Anayasa Mahkemesi\u2019nin 26\/1\/2022 tarihli ve E.: 2021\/9, K.: 2022\/4 say\u0131l\u0131 Karar\u0131 ile.) evlat edinenle evlatl\u0131k aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ivazl\u0131 tasarruflar,<\/p>\n

2. Akdin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131rada, kendi verdi\u011fi \u015feyin de\u011ferine g\u00f6re bor\u00e7lunun ivaz olarak pek a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 bir fiyat kabul etti\u011fi akitler,<\/p>\n

3. Bor\u00e7lunun kendisine yahut \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir \u015fah\u0131s menfaatine kayd\u0131 hayat \u015fartiyle irat ve intifa hakk\u0131 tesis etti\u011fi akitler ve \u00f6l\u00fcnceye kadar bakma akitleri,\u201d<\/p>\n

II. \u0130LK \u0130NCELEME <\/p>\n

1. Anayasa Mahkemesi \u0130\u00e7t\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fc h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uyar\u0131nca Z\u00fcht\u00fc ARSLAN, Hasan Tahsin G\u00d6KCAN, Kadir \u00d6ZKAYA, Engin YILDIRIM, Muammer TOPAL, M. Emin KUZ, R\u0131dvan G\u00dcLE\u00c7, Yusuf \u015eevki HAKYEMEZ, Y\u0131ld\u0131z SEFER\u0130NO\u011eLU, Selahaddin MENTE\u015e, Basri BA\u011eCI, \u0130rfan F\u0130DAN ve Kenan YA\u015eAR\u2019\u0131n kat\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131yla 18\/1\/2024 tarihinde yap\u0131lan ilk inceleme toplant\u0131s\u0131nda dosyada eksiklik bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan i\u015fin esas\u0131n\u0131n incelenmesine OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

III. ESASIN \u0130NCELENMES\u0130<\/p>\n

2. Ba\u015fvuru karar\u0131 ve ekleri, Raport\u00f6r Fatma KARAMAN ODABA\u015eI taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan i\u015fin esas\u0131na ili\u015fkin rapor, itiraz konusu kanun h\u00fckm\u00fc, dayan\u0131lan Anayasa kurallar\u0131 ve bunlar\u0131n gerek\u00e7eleri ile di\u011fer yasama belgeleri okunup incelendikten sonra gere\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcl\u00fcp d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc:<\/p>\n

A. Anlam ve Kapsam<\/p>\n

3. 2004 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 277 ila 284. maddelerinde tasarrufun iptali davalar\u0131na ili\u015fkin usul ve esaslar d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. An\u0131lan Kanun\u2019un 277. maddesinde iptal davas\u0131ndan anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekenin Kanun\u2019un 278., 279. ve 280. maddelerinde yaz\u0131l\u0131 tasarruflar\u0131n butlan\u0131na h\u00fckmedilmesi oldu\u011fu belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

4. Kanun\u2019un \u201c\u0130vazs\u0131z tasarruflar\u0131n butlan\u0131\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 278. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda mutat hediyeler istisna olmak \u00fczere hacizden veya haczedilecek mal bulunmamas\u0131 sebebiyle acizden yahut iflas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131ndan haczin veya aciz vesikas\u0131 verilmesinin sebebi olan yahut masaya kabul olunan alacaklardan en eskisinin tesis edildi\u011fi tarihe kadar geriye do\u011fru olan s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lan b\u00fct\u00fcn ba\u011f\u0131\u015flamalar\u0131n ve ivazs\u0131z tasarruflar\u0131n bat\u0131l oldu\u011fu d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. An\u0131lan maddenin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda da bat\u0131l olacak ba\u011f\u0131\u015flamalar\u0131n ve ivazs\u0131z tasarruflar\u0131n belirlenmesinde birinci f\u0131kra ba\u011flam\u0131nda dikkate al\u0131nacak s\u00fcrenin haciz veya aciz yahut iflastan \u00f6nceki iki y\u0131l\u0131 ge\u00e7emeyece\u011fi h\u00fckme ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

5. Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flama gibi kabul edilen tasarruflar ise maddenin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131nda ayr\u0131ca say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. An\u0131lan f\u0131kran\u0131n (1) numaral\u0131 bendinde baz\u0131 h\u0131s\u0131mlar aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ivazl\u0131 tasarruflar\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131\u015flama gibi kabul edilece\u011fi belirtilerek f\u00fcru ile evlat edinen ve evlatl\u0131k aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ivazl\u0131 tasarruflar\u0131n bu kapsamda oldu\u011fu h\u00fckme ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu bentte yer alan \u201c…evlat edinenle evlatl\u0131k…\u201d ibaresi itiraz konusu kural\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

6. Evlat edinme, evlat edinen ile evlatl\u0131k aras\u0131nda kurucu nitelikteki mahkeme karar\u0131yla olu\u015fan h\u0131s\u0131ml\u0131k ili\u015fkisini ifade etmektedir. 22\/11\/2001 tarihli ve 4721 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu\u2019nun 282. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131nda soyba\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ayr\u0131ca evlat edinme yoluyla da kurulabilece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

7. \u0130tiraz konusu kuralla tasarrufun iptali davas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden bor\u00e7lunun evlat edineni veya evlatl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ivazl\u0131 tasarruflar ba\u011f\u0131\u015flama olarak kabul edilmi\u015f; 2004 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 278. maddesinin birinci ve ikinci f\u0131kralar\u0131nda belirtildi\u011fi \u015fekilde haciz, aciz veya iflas h\u00e2linde haczin veya aciz vesikas\u0131 verilmesinin sebebi olan veya iflas masas\u0131na kabul olunan alacaklardan en eskisinin tesis edildi\u011fi tarihe kadar geriye do\u011fru olan s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde ve her h\u00e2l\u00fck\u00e2rda haciz, aciz veya iflastan \u00f6nceki iki y\u0131l i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan bu t\u00fcr tasarruflar\u0131n bat\u0131l oldu\u011fu h\u00fckme ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

B. \u0130tiraz\u0131n Gerek\u00e7esi<\/p>\n

8. Ba\u015fvuru karar\u0131nda \u00f6zetle; itiraz konusu kuralla evlatl\u0131k ve evlat edilen aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ivazl\u0131 tasarruflar\u0131n kesin olarak ba\u011f\u0131\u015flama gibi kabul edildi\u011fi, bu hususta taraflara iddia ve savunmada bulunma, ispat y\u00f6n\u00fcnden delil, bilgi ve belge sunma imk\u00e2n\u0131 tan\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu durumun m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n ve hak arama \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcz bir \u015fekilde s\u0131n\u0131rlanmas\u0131na neden oldu\u011fu belirtilerek kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 13., 35. ve 36. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

C. Anayasa\u2019ya Ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k Sorunu <\/p>\n

9. Anayasa Mahkemesince 2004 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 278. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (1) numaral\u0131 bendinde yer alan ve itiraz konusu kuralla ayn\u0131 i\u00e7erikte olup farkl\u0131 h\u0131s\u0131ml\u0131k ili\u015fkilerini d\u00fczenleyen \u201c\u2026neseben veya\u2026\u201d, \u201cKar\u0131 ve koca ile\u2026\u201d, \u201c\u2026usul ve\u2026\u201d ve \u201c\u2026s\u0131hren \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc dereceye kadar (bu derece dahil) h\u0131s\u0131mlar,\u2026\u201d ibarelerinin iptallerine karar verilmi\u015ftir (AYM, E.2018\/9, K.2018\/84, 11\/7\/2018; E.2021\/52, K.2021\/97, 16\/12\/2021; E.2021\/9, K.2022\/4, 26\/1\/2022).<\/p>\n

10. An\u0131lan kararlarda \u00f6ncelikle kar\u0131 ve koca, usul ve neseben veya s\u0131hren \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc dereceye kadar (bu derece d\u00e2hil) h\u0131s\u0131mlar aras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen ivazl\u0131 tasarruflar\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flama gibi kabul eden ibarelerin etki ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 da g\u00f6zetildi\u011finde m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131 ile hak arama \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne s\u0131n\u0131rlama getirdi\u011fi tespit edilmi\u015f; Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 13., 35. ve 36. maddeleri gere\u011fince m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n ve hak arama \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn s\u0131n\u0131rlanabilir bir hak oldu\u011fu ancak s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n kanunla yap\u0131lmas\u0131, Anayasa\u2019da \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen s\u0131n\u0131rlama sebebine uygun ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir (AYM, E.2018\/9, K.2018\/84, 11\/7\/2018, \u00a7\u00a7 20-25; E.2021\/52, K.2021\/97, 16\/12\/2021, \u00a7\u00a7 11-12; E.2021\/9, K.2022\/4, 26\/1\/2022, \u00a7\u00a7 29, 30).<\/p>\n

11. Anayasa Mahkemesi d\u00fczenlenen h\u0131s\u0131ml\u0131k ili\u015fkilerinin mahiyeti, kapsam ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 itibar\u0131yla ibarelerin belirli ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir oldu\u011funu belirterek alacakl\u0131ya ispat kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flayan ibarelerin bor\u00e7lunun alacakl\u0131lar\u0131ndan mal ka\u00e7\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 ve alaca\u011f\u0131n tahsiline y\u00f6nelik \u00e7abalar\u0131n sonu\u00e7suz kalmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemeyi ama\u00e7lad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle me\u015fru bir amac\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011funu de\u011ferlendirmi\u015ftir (AYM, E.2018\/9, K.2018\/84, 11\/7\/2018, \u00a7\u00a7 25, 26; E.2021\/52, K.2021\/97, 16\/12\/2021, \u00a7\u00a7 15-18; E.2021\/9, K.2022\/4, 26\/1\/2022, \u00a7\u00a7 33-36).<\/p>\n

12. An\u0131lan kararlarda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnden yap\u0131lan de\u011ferlendirmede ise ibarelerin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 maddede bor\u00e7lunun baz\u0131 yak\u0131n h\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 ile yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ivazl\u0131 tasarruflar\u0131n ba\u015fka hi\u00e7bir \u015farta tabi olmaks\u0131z\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131\u015flama oldu\u011fu kabul edilirken bu hususun aksinin iddia ve ispat edilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan bir olgu olarak d\u00fczenlendi\u011fi, tasarruf konusu mal\u0131n de\u011ferinin tam olarak veya fazlas\u0131yla \u00f6denmesi, tasarruf i\u015fleminin bor\u00e7lunun alacakl\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n da menfaatine olmas\u0131, alacakl\u0131lar\u0131n tasarruf i\u015flemi dolay\u0131s\u0131yla zarar g\u00f6rmemesi, alacakl\u0131lar\u0131n alaca\u011f\u0131 tahsil ve cebri icra imk\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131n zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f hatta kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 gibi h\u00e2llerin dahi bu sonucu de\u011fi\u015ftiremeyece\u011fi, taraflara belirtilen hususlarda iddia ve savunmada bulunma, bu hususlar\u0131n ispat\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden delil, bilgi ve belge sunma imk\u00e2n\u0131 tan\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilerek an\u0131lan ibarelerin Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu sonucuna ula\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (AYM, E.2018\/9, K.2018\/84, 11\/7\/2018, \u00a7 29; E.2021\/52, K.2021\/97, 16\/12\/2021, \u00a7 22; E.2021\/9, K.2022\/4, 26\/1\/2022, \u00a7 41).<\/p>\n

13. \u0130tiraz konusu kural bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da Anayasa Mahkemesinin an\u0131lan kararlar\u0131ndan ayr\u0131lmay\u0131 gerektiren bir durum bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

14. A\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerle kural, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 13., 35. ve 36. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130ptali gerekir.<\/p>\n

IV. \u0130PTAL KARARININ Y\u00dcR\u00dcRL\u00dc\u011eE G\u0130RECE\u011e\u0130 G\u00dcN SORUNU<\/p>\n

15. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 153. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131nda \u201cKanun, Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararnamesi veya T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi \u0130\u00e7t\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ya da bunlar\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcmleri, iptal kararlar\u0131n\u0131n Resm\u00ee Gazetede yay\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihte y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kalkar. Gereken hallerde Anayasa Mahkemesi iptal h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girece\u011fi tarihi ayr\u0131ca kararla\u015ft\u0131rabilir. Bu tarih, karar\u0131n Resm\u00ee Gazetede yay\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnden ba\u015flayarak bir y\u0131l\u0131 ge\u00e7emez.\u201d denilmekte; 30\/3\/2011 tarihli ve 6216 say\u0131l\u0131 Anayasa Mahkemesinin Kurulu\u015fu ve Yarg\u0131lama Usulleri Hakk\u0131nda Kanun\u2019un 66. maddesinin (3) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131nda da bu kural tekrarlanarak Anayasa Mahkemesinin gerekli g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc h\u00e2llerde, Resm\u00ee Gazete\u2019de yay\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnden ba\u015flayarak iptal karar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girece\u011fi tarihi bir y\u0131l\u0131 ge\u00e7memek \u00fczere ayr\u0131ca kararla\u015ft\u0131rabilece\u011fi belirtilmektedir.<\/p>\n

16. 2004 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 278. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (1) numaral\u0131 bendinde yer alan \u201c…evlat edinenle evlatl\u0131k…\u201d ibaresinin iptal edilmesi nedeniyle do\u011facak hukuksal bo\u015fluk kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131 ihlal edecek nitelikte g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 153. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131yla 6216 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 66. maddesinin (3) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131 gere\u011fince iptal h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn karar\u0131n Resm\u00ee Gazete\u2019de yay\u0131mlanmas\u0131ndan ba\u015flayarak dokuz ay sonra y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmesi uygun g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

V. H\u00dcK\u00dcM<\/p>\n

9\/6\/1932 tarihli ve 2004 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130cra ve \u0130flas Kanunu\u2019nun 18\/2\/1965 tarihli ve 538 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 114. maddesiyle de\u011fi\u015ftirilen 278. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n 9\/11\/1988 tarihli ve 3494 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 53. maddesiyle de\u011fi\u015ftirilen (1) numaral\u0131 bendinde yer alan \u201c…evlat edinenle evlatl\u0131k…\u201d ibaresinin Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funa ve \u0130PTAL\u0130NE, iptal h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 153. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131 ile 30\/3\/2011 tarihli ve 6216 say\u0131l\u0131 Anayasa Mahkemesinin Kurulu\u015fu ve Yarg\u0131lama Usulleri Hakk\u0131nda Kanun\u2019un 66. maddesinin (3) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131 gere\u011fince KARARIN RESM\u00ce GAZETE\u2019DE YAYIMLANMASINDAN BA\u015eLAYARAK DOKUZ AY SONRA Y\u00dcR\u00dcRL\u00dc\u011eE G\u0130RMES\u0130NE OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE 9\/5\/2024 tarihinde karar verildi.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fkan<\/p>\n

Kadir \u00d6ZKAYA<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fkanvekili<\/p>\n

Hasan Tahsin G\u00d6KCAN<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fkanvekili<\/p>\n

Basri BA\u011eCI<\/p>\n

\u00dcye<\/p>\n

Engin YILDIRIM<\/p>\n

\u00dcye<\/p>\n

R\u0131dvan G\u00dcLE\u00c7<\/p>\n

\u00dcye<\/p>\n

Recai AKYEL<\/p>\n

\u00dcye<\/p>\n

Yusuf \u015eevki HAKYEMEZ<\/p>\n

\u00dcye<\/p>\n

Y\u0131ld\u0131z SEFER\u0130NO\u011eLU<\/p>\n

\u00dcye<\/p>\n

Selahaddin MENTE\u015e<\/p>\n

\u00dcye<\/p>\n

\u0130rfan F\u0130DAN<\/p>\n

\u00dcye<\/p>\n

Kenan YA\u015eAR<\/p>\n

\u00dcye<\/p>\n

Y\u0131lmaz AK\u00c7\u0130L<\/p>\n

\u00dcye<\/p>\n

\u00d6mer \u00c7INAR<\/p>\n

\u200bAnayasa Mahkemesi 9\/5\/2024 tarihinde E.2023\/200 numaral\u0131 dosyada, 2004 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130cra ve \u0130flas Kanunu\u2019nun 538 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 114. maddesiyle de\u011fi\u015ftirilen 278. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n 3494 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 53. maddesiyle de\u011fi\u015ftirilen (1) numaral\u0131 bendinde yer alan \u201c…evlat edinenle evlatl\u0131k…\u201d ibaresinin Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funa ve iptaline, iptal h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn karar\u0131n Resm\u00ee Gazete\u2019de yay\u0131mlanmas\u0131ndan ba\u015flayarak dokuz ay sonra y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmesine karar vermi\u015ftir.\u00a0Hukuki Haber<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130tiraz Konusu Kural \u0130tiraz konusu kural\u0131n da yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fczenlemede, baz\u0131 h\u0131s\u0131mlar aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ivazl\u0131 tasarruflar\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131\u015flama gibi kabul edilece\u011fi belirtilerek evlat edinen ve evlatl\u0131k aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ivazl\u0131 tasarruflar\u0131n bu kapsamda oldu\u011fu h\u00fckme ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu d\u00fczenlemede yer alan \u201c…evlat edinenle evlatl\u0131k…\u201d ibaresi itiraz konusu kural\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Ba\u015fvuru Gerek\u00e7esi Ba\u015fvuru karar\u0131nda \u00f6zetle; itiraz konusu kuralla evlatl\u0131k ve evlat edinen aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ivazl\u0131 tasarruflar\u0131n kesin olarak ba\u011f\u0131\u015flama gibi kabul edildi\u011fi, bu hususta taraflara iddia ve savunmada bulunma, ispat y\u00f6n\u00fcnden delil, bilgi ve belge sunma imk\u00e2n\u0131 tan\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu durumun m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n ve hak arama \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcz bir \u015fekilde s\u0131n\u0131rlanmas\u0131na neden oldu\u011fu belirtilerek kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Mahkemenin De\u011ferlendirmesi Anayasa Mahkemesi, itiraz konusu kuralla ayn\u0131 i\u00e7erikte olup farkl\u0131 h\u0131s\u0131ml\u0131k ili\u015fkilerini d\u00fczenleyen baz\u0131 ibarelerin iptal taleplerine ili\u015fkin daha \u00f6nce verdi\u011fi kararlarda m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131 ile hak arama \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne s\u0131n\u0131rlama getirildi\u011fini tespit etmi\u015ftir. Mahkeme, s\u00f6z konusu kararlarda m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n ve hak arama \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn s\u0131n\u0131rlanabilir bir hak oldu\u011funu ifade etmi\u015f ancak s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n kanunla yap\u0131lmas\u0131, Anayasa\u2019da \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen s\u0131n\u0131rlama sebebine uygun ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini vurgulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (AYM, E.2018\/9, K.2018\/84, 11\/7\/2018; E.2021\/52, K.2021\/97, 16\/12\/2021; E.2021\/9, K.2022\/4, 26\/1\/2022). An\u0131lan kararlarda h\u0131s\u0131ml\u0131k ili\u015fkilerinin mahiyeti, kapsam ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 itibar\u0131yla ibarelerin belirli ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir oldu\u011fu belirtilmi\u015f, ibarelerin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kural\u0131n bor\u00e7lunun alacakl\u0131lar\u0131ndan …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27,535],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6499","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hukukihaber","category-uncategorized-tr"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEvlatl\u0131k ve Evlat Edinen Aras\u0131nda Yap\u0131lan \u0130vazl\u0131 Tasarruflar\u0131n Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flama Gibi Kabul Edildi\u011fini \u00d6ng\u00f6ren Kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019ya Ayk\u0131r\u0131 Oldu\u011fu - Av. Deniz Can K\u0131z\u0131l<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/denizcankizil.tr\/en\/hukukihaber\/evlatlik-ve-evlat-edinen-arasinda-yapilan-ivazli-tasarruflarin-bagislama-gibi-kabul-edildigini-ongoren-kuralin-anayasaya-aykiri-oldugu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Evlatl\u0131k ve Evlat Edinen Aras\u0131nda Yap\u0131lan \u0130vazl\u0131 Tasarruflar\u0131n Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flama Gibi Kabul Edildi\u011fini \u00d6ng\u00f6ren Kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019ya Ayk\u0131r\u0131 Oldu\u011fu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0130tiraz Konusu Kural \u0130tiraz konusu kural\u0131n da yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fczenlemede, baz\u0131 h\u0131s\u0131mlar aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ivazl\u0131 tasarruflar\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131\u015flama gibi kabul edilece\u011fi belirtilerek evlat edinen ve evlatl\u0131k aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ivazl\u0131 tasarruflar\u0131n bu kapsamda oldu\u011fu h\u00fckme ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu d\u00fczenlemede yer alan \u201c…evlat edinenle evlatl\u0131k…\u201d ibaresi itiraz konusu kural\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Ba\u015fvuru Gerek\u00e7esi Ba\u015fvuru karar\u0131nda \u00f6zetle; itiraz konusu kuralla evlatl\u0131k ve evlat edinen aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ivazl\u0131 tasarruflar\u0131n kesin olarak ba\u011f\u0131\u015flama gibi kabul edildi\u011fi, bu hususta taraflara iddia ve savunmada bulunma, ispat y\u00f6n\u00fcnden delil, bilgi ve belge sunma imk\u00e2n\u0131 tan\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu durumun m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n ve hak arama \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcz bir \u015fekilde s\u0131n\u0131rlanmas\u0131na neden oldu\u011fu belirtilerek kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Mahkemenin De\u011ferlendirmesi Anayasa Mahkemesi, itiraz konusu kuralla ayn\u0131 i\u00e7erikte olup farkl\u0131 h\u0131s\u0131ml\u0131k ili\u015fkilerini d\u00fczenleyen baz\u0131 ibarelerin iptal taleplerine ili\u015fkin daha \u00f6nce verdi\u011fi kararlarda m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131 ile hak arama \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne s\u0131n\u0131rlama getirildi\u011fini tespit etmi\u015ftir. Mahkeme, s\u00f6z konusu kararlarda m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n ve hak arama \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn s\u0131n\u0131rlanabilir bir hak oldu\u011funu ifade etmi\u015f ancak s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n kanunla yap\u0131lmas\u0131, Anayasa\u2019da \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen s\u0131n\u0131rlama sebebine uygun ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini vurgulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (AYM, E.2018\/9, K.2018\/84, 11\/7\/2018; E.2021\/52, K.2021\/97, 16\/12\/2021; E.2021\/9, K.2022\/4, 26\/1\/2022). 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