T\u00dcRK\u0130YE CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130<\/p>\n
ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130<\/p>\n
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\u0130K\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM<\/p>\n
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KARAR<\/p>\n
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CELAL \u0130NED\u0130 BA\u015eVURUSU<\/p>\n
(Ba\u015fvuru Numaras\u0131: 2021\/50983)<\/p>\n
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Karar Tarihi: 24\/10\/2024<\/p>\n
\u0130K\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM<\/p>\n
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KARAR<\/p>\n
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Ba\u015fkan<\/p>\n
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Basri BA\u011eCI<\/p>\n
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Engin YILDIRIM<\/p>\n
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R\u0131dvan G\u00dcLE\u00c7<\/p>\n
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Kenan YA\u015eAR<\/p>\n
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Muhammed Nuri \u00d6ZG\u00dcR<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fvurucu<\/p>\n
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Celal \u0130NED\u0130<\/p>\n
Vekili<\/p>\n
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Av. Nevroz UYSAL ASLAN<\/p>\n
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I. BA\u015eVURUNUN \u00d6ZET\u0130<\/p>\n
1. Ba\u015fvuru, beyanlar\u0131 belirleyici \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde h\u00fckme esas al\u0131nan tan\u0131klar\u0131n san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan sorgulanmas\u0131na\/sorgulat\u0131lmas\u0131na imk\u00e2n verilmemesi nedeniyle tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fi iddias\u0131na ili\u015fkindir.<\/p>\n
2. PKK ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc 12\/8\/2015 tarihinden itibaren Cizre il\u00e7esinin de d\u00e2hil oldu\u011fu baz\u0131 merkezlerde \u00f6z y\u00f6netim ilan etmi\u015ftir. \u00d6z y\u00f6netim ilan etti\u011fi b\u00f6lgelerde patlay\u0131c\u0131yla tuzaklanm\u0131\u015f hendekler kazmak ve barikatlar kurmak suretiyle yal\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f b\u00f6lgeler olu\u015fturmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan PKK ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc, kamuoyunda hendek olaylar\u0131 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan ve aylarca devam eden bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te roketatarlar, keskin ni\u015fanc\u0131 t\u00fcfekleri, patlay\u0131c\u0131lar ve otomatik sald\u0131r\u0131 t\u00fcfekleri kullanarak ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 d\u00fczenlemi\u015ftir. Okullar, hastaneler, barajlar, adliye binalar\u0131, ambulanslar gibi temel kamu hizmetlerini sa\u011flayan e\u015fya ve binalar\u0131n yan\u0131nda sivilleri de hedef alan bu ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131nda 335 sivil hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybederken 2.106 ki\u015fi yaralanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131nda 859 g\u00fcvenlik g\u00f6revlisi ve Derik kaymakam\u0131 \u015fehit olmu\u015f, 4.711 g\u00fcvenlik g\u00f6revlisi yaralanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ter\u00f6r eylemlerinin engellenmesi, halk\u0131n can ve mal g\u00fcvenli\u011finin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla s\u00f6zde \u00f6z y\u00f6netim ilan edilen baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde m\u00fclki idare amirliklerince soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kma yasaklar\u0131 uygulanarak ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadele operasyonlar\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (hendek olaylar\u0131, \u00f6z y\u00f6netim ilanlar\u0131, PKK ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn \u015fehir sava\u015f\u0131 stratejisi ve soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kma yasaklar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda arka plan bilgisi ile ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamalar i\u00e7in bkz. Gazal Kolan\u00e7 ve di\u011ferleri [GK], B. No: 2017\/37897, 5\/7\/2022, \u00a7\u00a7 16-28, 67, 346-348).<\/p>\n
3. Bu kapsamda \u015e\u0131rnak’\u0131n Silopi il\u00e7esinde 14\/12\/2015 tarihinde b\u00f6l\u00fcc\u00fc ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc mensuplar\u0131n\u0131n yakalanmas\u0131, kurulan hendek ve barikatlar\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131 ile halk\u0131n can ve mal g\u00fcvenli\u011finin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kma yasa\u011f\u0131 ilan edilmi\u015f; y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen operasyonlarda yakalanan ve \u00f6rg\u00fctle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen ki\u015filer, al\u0131nan ifadelerinde di\u011fer \u00f6rg\u00fct \u00fcyeleri ile ilgili te\u015fhis ve tespitler yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. An\u0131lan soru\u015fturmalarda tan\u0131klar M.I., M.E.T., M.\u015e.\u0130. ba\u015fvurucuyu te\u015fhis etmi\u015ftir. Bunun \u00fczerine \u015e\u0131rnak Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131k) ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 soru\u015fturma sonucunda ba\u015fvurucunun PKK ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcne \u00fcye olma su\u00e7undan cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 talebiyle iddianame d\u00fczenlemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
4. \u015e\u0131rnak 3. A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Mahkemesi (Mahkeme) iddianameyi kabul ederek yarg\u0131lamaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mahkeme, duru\u015fma haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015flemleri kapsam\u0131nda di\u011ferlerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra tan\u0131klar M.I., M.E.T. ve M.\u015e.\u0130.nin istinabe yoluyla ifadelerinin al\u0131nmas\u0131na karar vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
5. Yarg\u0131lama sekiz celsede bitirilmi\u015ftir. Birinci celseden \u00f6nce tan\u0131klar M.E.T. ve M.\u015e.\u0130.nin ifadeleri al\u0131narak Mahkemeye g\u00f6nderilmi\u015ftir. Bu celseye kat\u0131lmayan ba\u015fvurucunun savunmas\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yakalama emri d\u00fczenlenmesine karar verilmi\u015ftir. Celse aras\u0131nda tan\u0131k M.I.n\u0131n ifadesi de talimat mahkemesince al\u0131narak Mahkemeye g\u00f6nderilmi\u015ftir. Tan\u0131klar M.I., M.E.T., M.\u015e.\u0130. verdikleri ifadelerinde soru\u015fturma a\u015famas\u0131ndaki beyanlar\u0131n\u0131 ink\u00e2r etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
6. Ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131ndaki yakalama emri d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc celsede infaz edilmi\u015f, bu celsede ba\u015fvurucuya m\u00fcdafi tayin edilerek ba\u015fvurucunun savunmas\u0131 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015fvurucu, savunmas\u0131nda hakk\u0131ndaki su\u00e7lamay\u0131 ink\u00e2r etmi\u015f; okunan tan\u0131k beyanlar\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmedi\u011fini, tan\u0131klar\u0131 tan\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 beyan etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
7. Ba\u015fvurucunun kat\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ancak m\u00fcdafiinin haz\u0131r bulundu\u011fu m\u00fcteakip celselerde Mahkeme delillerin toplanmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin muhtelif i\u015flemler yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yarg\u0131laman\u0131n alt\u0131nc\u0131 celsesinde Mahkeme, A.A. hakk\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen soru\u015fturmada d\u00fczenlenen iddianamenin ve A.A.n\u0131n ifadelerinin istenmesine, ayr\u0131ca A.A.n\u0131n istinabe yoluyla ifadesinin al\u0131nmas\u0131na karar vermi\u015ftir. Celse aras\u0131nda talimat mahkemesinde al\u0131nan ifadesinde tan\u0131k A.A. eski kom\u015fusu olmas\u0131 nedeniyle tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015fvurucunun PKK\/KCK ideolojisi do\u011frultusunda \u015fiddet i\u00e7eren eylemlere kat\u0131larak g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7lerine ta\u015f ve molotofkokteyli att\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildi\u011fini beyan etmi\u015ftir. Yedinci celsede an\u0131lan tan\u0131\u011f\u0131n ifadesi okunmu\u015f, ba\u015fvurucu m\u00fcdafii \u00f6nceki savunmalar\u0131n\u0131 tekrar etti\u011fini belirtmi\u015ftir. Yarg\u0131laman\u0131n son ve sekizinci celsesinde iddia makam\u0131 esas hakk\u0131ndaki m\u00fctalaas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015f, ba\u015fvurucu m\u00fcdafii m\u00fctalaaya kar\u015f\u0131 savunmas\u0131n\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yarg\u0131lama sonucunda Mahkeme ba\u015fvurucunun silahl\u0131 ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcne \u00fcye olma su\u00e7undan 12 y\u0131l hapis cezas\u0131yla cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na karar vermi\u015ftir. Gerek\u00e7eli karar\u0131n ilgili k\u0131sm\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
“Her ne kadar, [A.A.] d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, bir \u00fcst paragrafta isimleri zikredilen tan\u0131klar, soru\u015fturma anlat\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 ve te\u015fhis i\u015flemlerini kabul etmemi\u015flerse de; Savc\u0131l\u0131ktaki ve Sulh Ceza Hakimli\u011findeki ifadelerinde kolluk ifadelerini ve te\u015fhis i\u015flemlerini kabul edip tekrarlad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in, san\u0131kla ilgili te\u015fhis ifadelerinin hukuka uygun delil niteli\u011finde oldu\u011fu kabul edilmelidir. Yine, kendilerine g\u00f6sterilen \u00e7ok say\u0131daki foto\u011fraf\u0131n yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 alb\u00fcmlerden san\u0131\u011f\u0131 te\u015fhis etmeleri nedeniyle bu i\u015flemlerin hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmad\u0131klar\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
…<\/p>\n
Hal b\u00f6yle olunca, ayn\u0131 b\u00f6lgede faaliyet y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fcklerine dair haklar\u0131nda ciddi deliler bulunan tan\u0131klar\u0131n, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n YPS i\u00e7erisinde silahl\u0131 faaliyet g\u00f6sterdi\u011fine dair birbirlerininkiyle uyumlu anlat\u0131mlar\u0131 nazara al\u0131n\u0131p hiyerar\u015fiye dahil oldu\u011fu ve silah ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lan san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, s\u00fcreklilik ve belirli bir organizasyon gerektiren bu faaliyetlerde yer almas\u0131 nedeniyle \u00f6rg\u00fctle organik ba\u011f kurdu\u011fu kabul edilmelidir.”<\/p>\n
8. Ba\u015fvurucu; istinaf ve temyiz dilek\u00e7elerinde di\u011fer nedenlerle birlikte tan\u0131klar\u0131n mahkeme huzurunda dinlenmemesi nedeniyle tan\u0131k anlat\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenilirli\u011finin denetlenemedi\u011fini belirtmi\u015ftir. H\u00fck\u00fcm, kanun yolu denetiminden ge\u00e7erek 9\/6\/2021 tarihinde kesinle\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
9. Ba\u015fvurucu, nihai karar\u0131 22\/9\/2021 tarihinde \u00f6\u011frendikten sonra 11\/10\/2021 tarihinde bireysel ba\u015fvuruda bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
10. Komisyon; ba\u015fvurucunun adli yard\u0131m talebinin kabul\u00fcne, gerek\u00e7eli karar hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine ili\u015fkin \u015fik\u00e2yetin kabul edilemez oldu\u011funa, tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine ili\u015fkin \u015fik\u00e2yetin kabul edilebilirlik incelemesinin B\u00f6l\u00fcm taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lmas\u0131na karar vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
II. DE\u011eERLEND\u0130RME<\/p>\n
A. Tan\u0131k Sorgulama Hakk\u0131n\u0131n \u0130hlal Edildi\u011fine \u0130li\u015fkin \u0130ddia<\/p>\n
11. Ba\u015fvurucu; bir k\u0131s\u0131m tan\u0131\u011f\u0131n talimat yoluyla ifadelerinin al\u0131nmas\u0131 nedeniyle tan\u0131klar\u0131 sorgulayamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bu suretle adil yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
12. Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Bakanl\u0131k) duru\u015fmada okunan tan\u0131k ifadelerine kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u015fvurucu ve m\u00fcdafine itiraz ve savunmalar\u0131n\u0131 sunma imk\u00e2n\u0131 tan\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131, tan\u0131k beyan\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra di\u011fer delillere de dayanarak mahk\u00fbmiyet karar\u0131 verildi\u011fini, tan\u0131k beyan\u0131n\u0131n tek veya belirleyici delil olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekti\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc bildirmi\u015ftir. Bakanl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u015fvurucu, ba\u015fvuru formunda belirtti\u011fi iddialar\u0131n\u0131 yinelemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
13. Ba\u015fvurucunun \u015fik\u00e2yeti adil yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvencelerinden biri olan tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda incelenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
14. A\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a dayanaktan yoksun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kabul edilemezli\u011fine karar verilmesini gerektirecek ba\u015fka bir neden de bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lan ba\u015fvurunun kabul edilebilir oldu\u011funa karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
15. Anayasa Mahkemesi, bir\u00e7ok karar\u0131nda tan\u0131k kavram\u0131n\u0131 san\u0131\u011fa isnat edilen fiil hakk\u0131nda bilgi veren herhangi bir ki\u015fi \u015feklinde \u00f6zerk olarak yorumlam\u0131\u015f ve tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131 ile ilgili ilkeleri belirlemi\u015ftir (Atila O\u011fuz Boyal\u0131, B. No: 2013\/99, 20\/3\/2014; Sel\u00e7uk Demir, B. No: 2014\/9783, 22\/1\/2015; AZ. M., B. No: 2013\/560, 16\/4\/2015; Baran Karada\u011f, B. No: 2014\/12906, 7\/5\/2015; Orhan G\u00fclery\u00fcz, B. No: 2019\/30221, 28\/12\/2021). Buna g\u00f6re bir ceza yarg\u0131lamas\u0131nda san\u0131\u011f\u0131n aleyhine olan tan\u0131klar\u0131 sorguya \u00e7ekme veya \u00e7ektirme hakk\u0131 vard\u0131r. Hakk\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen ceza yarg\u0131lamas\u0131 s\u00fcrecinde san\u0131\u011f\u0131n tan\u0131klara soru y\u00f6neltebilmesi, onlarla y\u00fczle\u015febilmesi ve tan\u0131klar\u0131n beyanlar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011frulu\u011funu s\u0131nama imk\u00e2n\u0131na sahip olmas\u0131 adil bir yarg\u0131laman\u0131n yap\u0131labilmesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan gereklidir (AZ. M., \u00a7 55). Di\u011fer yandan bir mahk\u00fbmiyet -tek veya belirleyici \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde- san\u0131\u011f\u0131n soru\u015fturma veya yarg\u0131lama a\u015famas\u0131nda sorgulama veya sorgulatma imk\u00e2n\u0131 bulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir kimse taraf\u0131ndan verilen ifadelere dayand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve dengeleyici g\u00fcvenceler sa\u011flayan bir usul \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f ise san\u0131\u011f\u0131n haklar\u0131 Anayasa’n\u0131n 36. maddesindeki g\u00fcvencelerle ba\u011fda\u015fmayacak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde k\u0131s\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f olur (Orhan G\u00fclery\u00fcz, \u00a7 35).<\/p>\n
16. Anayasa Mahkemesi, tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131yla ilgili olarak verdi\u011fi kararlar\u0131nda somut bir yarg\u0131lama \u00f6ncesinde veya haricinde elde edilen tan\u0131k beyanlar\u0131n\u0131n delil olarak kabul\u00fcn\u00fcn yarg\u0131laman\u0131n adilli\u011fine zarar verip vermedi\u011fini de\u011ferlendirmek i\u00e7in \u00fc\u00e7 a\u015famal\u0131 bir test uygulanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini ifade etmektedir. Buna g\u00f6re ilk olarak tan\u0131\u011f\u0131n mahkemede haz\u0131r edilmemesi ge\u00e7erli bir nedenin mevcudiyetine dayanmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130kinci olarak san\u0131\u011f\u0131n sorgulama veya sorgulatma imk\u00e2n\u0131 bulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan verilen beyan\u0131n mahk\u00fbmiyetin dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 tek veya belirleyici delil olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilmelidir. Sorgulama veya sorgulatma imk\u00e2n\u0131 tan\u0131nmayan tan\u0131\u011f\u0131n beyan\u0131n\u0131n tek veya belirleyici delil oldu\u011funun tespit edilmesi durumunda ise \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc a\u015fama olarak savunma taraf\u0131n\u0131n maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu olumsuzlu\u011fun telafi edilmesi amac\u0131yla yeterli d\u00fczeyde kar\u015f\u0131 dengeleyici g\u00fcvenceler sa\u011flayan bir usul\u00fcn y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcp y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmedi\u011fi ortaya konulmal\u0131d\u0131r (baz\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fikliklerle birlikte bkz. Abdurrahim Balur, B. No: 2013\/5467, 7\/1\/2016, \u00a7 80; Onur Urbay, B. No: 2014\/6222, 6\/3\/2019, \u00a7\u00a7 36, 40; Zekeriya Sevim, B. No: 2018\/18989, 16\/6\/2021, \u00a7\u00a7 44, 51). Bu kapsamda, h\u00fckme ula\u015f\u0131l\u0131rken sorgulanmam\u0131\u015f tan\u0131\u011f\u0131n beyan\u0131n\u0131 destekleyen ba\u015fka do\u011frulay\u0131c\u0131 delillere dayan\u0131lmas\u0131 telafi edici g\u00fcvencelerden biri olarak kabul edilebilir (Orhan G\u00fclery\u00fcz, \u00a7 39). Mahkemenin yarg\u0131 \u00e7evresi d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki tan\u0131klar\u0131n -san\u0131\u011f\u0131n da onlara soru sormas\u0131na imk\u00e2n sa\u011flayacak ve sorulan sorulara verdikleri cevaplar hakk\u0131nda ki\u015fisel izlenim edinme f\u0131rsat\u0131 elde edecek \u015fekilde- Ses ve G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc Bili\u015fim Sistemi (SEGB\u0130S) gibi vas\u0131talarla dinlenmesi telafi edici bir g\u00fcvence olabilir (baz\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fikliklerle birlikte bkz. U\u011fur \u00d6zcan, B. No: 2021\/12137, 26\/7\/2022, \u00a7 40). Sorgulanmayan tan\u0131\u011f\u0131n beyan\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenilirli\u011finin ve do\u011frulu\u011funun saptanmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla savunma taraf\u0131na sa\u011flanabilecek bir di\u011fer telafi edici g\u00fcvence ise san\u0131\u011fa olay\u0131n kendi versiyonunu anlatma ve delillerini sunma imk\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131d\u0131r (Orhan G\u00fclery\u00fcz, \u00a7 40).<\/p>\n
17. Somut olayda tan\u0131klar M.I., M.E.T., M.\u015e.\u0130.nin istinabe yoluyla al\u0131nan ifadeleri duru\u015fmada ba\u015fvurucuya okunmu\u015f, ba\u015fvurucu tan\u0131k beyanlar\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmedi\u011fini, tan\u0131klar\u0131 tan\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015ftir (bkz. \u00a7 6). Tan\u0131k A.A.n\u0131n istinabe yoluyla al\u0131nan ifadesi ise ba\u015fvurucu m\u00fcdafiinin haz\u0131r bulundu\u011fu duru\u015fmada okunmu\u015f, ba\u015fvurucu m\u00fcdafii aleyhe delilleri kabul etmedi\u011fini beyan etmi\u015ftir. Mahkeme istinabe yoluyla ifadeleri al\u0131nan bu tan\u0131klar\u0131n hi\u00e7birinin huzurda dinlenmesine ili\u015fkin bir \u00e7aba g\u00f6stermemi\u015f, gerek\u00e7eli kararda da tan\u0131klar\u0131n Mahkemede haz\u0131r edilmemesinin veya ayn\u0131 anda g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcl\u00fc ve sesli ileti\u015fim tekni\u011finin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle dinlenilmemesinin hangi ge\u00e7erli nedene dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin bir a\u00e7\u0131klamaya yer vermemi\u015ftir. Ancak tan\u0131klar\u0131n huzurda dinlenmemesi i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli bir nedenin ortaya konulmamas\u0131, tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011finin kabul edilmesi i\u00e7in yeterli de\u011fildir. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda h\u00fckm\u00fcn tek ba\u015f\u0131na veya belirleyici \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ba\u015fvurucunun sorgulama veya sorgulatma imk\u00e2n\u0131na sahip olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131klar taraf\u0131ndan verilen ifadeye dayan\u0131p dayanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, b\u00f6yle ise savunmaya kar\u015f\u0131 dengeleyici g\u00fcvenceler sa\u011flan\u0131p sa\u011flanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
18. Mahk\u00fbmiyete ili\u015fkin gerek\u00e7eli kararda Mahkeme “Kabule Dayanak Yap\u0131lan Deliller” ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda tan\u0131k A.A.n\u0131n kovu\u015fturma a\u015famas\u0131nda do\u011frulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 soru\u015fturma beyanlar\u0131na ve tan\u0131klar M.I., M.E.T., M.\u015e.\u0130.nin kovu\u015fturmada ink\u00e2r ettikleri ancak Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131k ve Sulh Ceza H\u00e2kimli\u011finde do\u011frulad\u0131klar\u0131 anlat\u0131mlar\u0131na dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6re Mahkemenin salt tan\u0131k beyanlar\u0131na dayanarak karar vermesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda bilgi ve g\u00f6rg\u00fcleri istinabe yoluyla tespit edilen tan\u0131klar\u0131n anlat\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n mahk\u00fbmiyet karar\u0131nda tek delil oldu\u011fu sonucuna ula\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Ancak bu tan\u0131klar\u0131n sorgulanmas\u0131 imk\u00e2n\u0131 tan\u0131nmamas\u0131 nedeniyle tan\u0131k anlat\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fi test edilememi\u015f, savunman\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 zorluklar\u0131n ve maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 olumsuzlu\u011fun telafi edilmesi amac\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131 dengeleyici g\u00fcvenceler sa\u011flanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamda beyanlar\u0131 h\u00fckme esas al\u0131nan tan\u0131klar\u0131n hi\u00e7birinin duru\u015fmada dinlenmemesi ve telafi edici g\u00fcvencelerin sa\u011flanmamas\u0131 bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak yarg\u0131laman\u0131n hakkaniyetini zedelemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
19. A\u00e7\u0131klanan gerek\u00e7elerle Anayasa’n\u0131n 36. maddesinde g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan adil yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131ndaki tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
20. Ba\u015fvurucu; ayr\u0131ca lehine hususlar\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmemesi ve hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 delillerin h\u00fckme esas al\u0131nmas\u0131 ile mahk\u00fbmiyetine karar verilmesi nedeniyle hakkaniyete uygun yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131n\u0131n, tan\u0131k M.\u015e.\u0130.nin akli dengesinin yerinde olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmamas\u0131 nedeniyle silahlar\u0131n e\u015fitli\u011fi ilkesinin, hakk\u0131ndaki yakalama emri infaz edilene kadar m\u00fcdafi atanmamas\u0131 nedeniyle m\u00fcdafi yard\u0131m\u0131ndan yararlanma hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ba\u015fvurucunun tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine karar verildi\u011finden, kararda var\u0131lan sonu\u00e7 ve uygun g\u00f6r\u00fclen giderim dikkate al\u0131narak adil yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131na ili\u015fkin di\u011fer \u015fik\u00e2yetlerinin ayr\u0131ca incelenmesine gerek olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
B. \u00d6zel Hayata Sayg\u0131 Hakk\u0131n\u0131n \u0130hlal Edildi\u011fine \u0130li\u015fkin \u0130ddia<\/p>\n
21. Ba\u015fvurucunun iki y\u0131ll\u0131k ileti\u015fim kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n dosyaya al\u0131nmas\u0131 nedeniyle \u00f6zel hayata sayg\u0131 hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine ili\u015fkin tek c\u00fcmleden ibaret iddias\u0131n\u0131n -ba\u015fvuruda HTS kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irildi\u011fine, neden ve nas\u0131l \u00f6zel hayat\u0131n\u0131 etkiledi\u011fine ili\u015fkin bir a\u00e7\u0131klama bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 da g\u00f6zetildi\u011finde- Adnan Oktar (3) (B. No: 2013\/1123, 2\/10\/2013 \u00a7 50), Cemal G\u00fcnsel ([GK], B. No: 2016\/12900, 12\/1\/2021), Mesut Gerez (B. No: 2014\/3998, 21\/6\/2017) kararlar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a dayanaktan yoksun olmas\u0131 nedeniyle kabul edilemez oldu\u011funa karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
III. G\u0130DER\u0130M<\/p>\n
22. Ba\u015fvurucu ihlalin tespiti ile 50.000 TL maddi ve manevi tazminat talebinde bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
23. Ba\u015fvuruda tespit edilen hak ihlalinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lmas\u0131nda hukuki yarar bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu kapsamda karar\u0131n g\u00f6nderildi\u011fi yarg\u0131 mercilerince yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken i\u015f, yeniden yarg\u0131lama i\u015flemlerini ba\u015flatmak ve Anayasa Mahkemesini ihlal sonucuna ula\u015ft\u0131ran nedenleri gideren, ihlal karar\u0131nda belirtilen ilkelere uygun yeni bir karar vermektir (Mehmet Do\u011fan [GK] B. No: 2014\/8875, 7\/6\/2018, \u00a7\u00a7 54-60; Alig\u00fcl Alkaya ve di\u011ferleri (2), B. No: 2016\/12506, 7\/11\/2019, \u00a7\u00a7 53-60, 66; Kadri Enis Berbero\u011flu (3) [GK], B. No: 2020\/32949, 21\/1\/2021, \u00a7\u00a7 93-100).<\/p>\n
24. Belirli bir davaya ili\u015fkin olarak delilleri de\u011ferlendirme ve g\u00f6sterilen delilin davayla ilgili olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na karar verme yetkisi kural olarak yarg\u0131lamay\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcten mahkemelere aittir (Orhan K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 [GK], B. No: 2014\/4704, 1\/2\/2018, \u00a7 44). Bu ba\u011flamda somut olayda su\u00e7un s\u00fcbutu konusunda karar vermek Anayasa Mahkemesinin g\u00f6revi de\u011fildir. Anayasa Mahkemesince verilen ihlal karar\u0131, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n beraat etti\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelmedi\u011fi gibi ihlal karar\u0131n\u0131n gereklerinin yerine getirilmesi amac\u0131yla yap\u0131lacak yeniden yarg\u0131lama neticesinde san\u0131k hakk\u0131nda mutlaka beraat karar\u0131 verilmesi gerekti\u011fi anlam\u0131na da gelmemektedir. \u0130hlalin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 gidermek \u00fczere gereken i\u015flemler yerine getirildikten sonra yap\u0131lacak de\u011ferlendirmede mahkemenin mevcut belgelerle birlikte delillerin takdir bi\u00e7imine g\u00f6re benzer veya farkl\u0131 bir sonuca varmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
25. \u00d6te yandan ihlalin tespiti ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n yeterli giderim sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan manevi tazminat talebinin, ba\u015fvurucu maddi zarara ili\u015fkin olarak bilgi\/belge sunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan maddi tazminat talebinin reddine karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
IV. H\u00dcK\u00dcM<\/p>\n
A\u00e7\u0131klanan gerek\u00e7elerle;<\/p>\n
A. 1. Tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine ili\u015fkin iddian\u0131n KABUL ED\u0130LEB\u0130L\u0130R OLDU\u011eUNA,<\/p>\n
2. \u00d6zel hayata sayg\u0131 hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine ili\u015fkin iddian\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a dayanaktan yoksun olmas\u0131 nedeniyle KABUL ED\u0130LEMEZ OLDU\u011eUNA,<\/p>\n
B. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 36. maddesinde g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan adil yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131ndaki tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131n\u0131n \u0130HLAL ED\u0130LD\u0130\u011e\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
C. Di\u011fer ihlal iddialar\u0131n\u0131n \u0130NCELENMES\u0130NE GEREK BULUNMADI\u011eINA,<\/p>\n
D. Karar\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011finin tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlalinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lmak \u00fczere \u015e\u0131rnak 3. A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Mahkemesine (E.2017\/369, K.2019\/88) G\u00d6NDER\u0130LMES\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
E. Ba\u015fvurucunun maddi ve manevi tazminat taleplerinin REDD\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
F. 30.000 TL vekalet \u00fccretinden olu\u015fan yarg\u0131lama giderinin ba\u015fvurucuya \u00d6DENMES\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
G. \u00d6demenin karar\u0131n tebli\u011fini takiben ba\u015fvurucunun Hazine ve Maliye Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u015fvuru tarihinden itibaren d\u00f6rt ay i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lmas\u0131na, \u00f6demede gecikme olmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde bu s\u00fcrenin sona erdi\u011fi tarihten \u00f6deme tarihine kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre i\u00e7in yasal FA\u0130Z UYGULANMASINA,<\/p>\n
H. Karar\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011finin Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na G\u00d6NDER\u0130LMES\u0130NE 24\/10\/2024 tarihinde OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE karar verildi.<\/p>\n
\u200bAnayasa Mahkemesi’nin 24\/10\/2024 tarihli ve 2021\/50983 ba\u015fvuru numaral\u0131 karar\u0131\u00a0Hukuki Haber<\/p>\n
Haberin Al\u0131nt\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kaynak: www.hukukihaber.net<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u00dcRK\u0130YE CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130 ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0130K\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM \u00a0 KARAR \u00a0 CELAL \u0130NED\u0130 BA\u015eVURUSU (Ba\u015fvuru Numaras\u0131: 2021\/50983) \u00a0 Karar Tarihi: 24\/10\/2024 \u0130K\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM \u00a0 KARAR \u00a0 \u00a0 Ba\u015fkan : Basri BA\u011eCI \u00dcyeler : Engin YILDIRIM \u00a0 \u00a0 R\u0131dvan G\u00dcLE\u00c7 \u00a0 \u00a0 Kenan YA\u015eAR \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00d6mer \u00c7INAR Raport\u00f6r : Muhammed Nuri \u00d6ZG\u00dcR Ba\u015fvurucu : Celal \u0130NED\u0130 Vekili : Av. Nevroz UYSAL ASLAN \u00a0 I. BA\u015eVURUNUN \u00d6ZET\u0130 1. Ba\u015fvuru, beyanlar\u0131 belirleyici \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde h\u00fckme esas al\u0131nan tan\u0131klar\u0131n san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan sorgulanmas\u0131na\/sorgulat\u0131lmas\u0131na imk\u00e2n verilmemesi nedeniyle tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fi iddias\u0131na ili\u015fkindir. 2. PKK ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc 12\/8\/2015 tarihinden itibaren Cizre il\u00e7esinin de d\u00e2hil oldu\u011fu baz\u0131 merkezlerde \u00f6z y\u00f6netim ilan etmi\u015ftir. \u00d6z y\u00f6netim ilan etti\u011fi b\u00f6lgelerde patlay\u0131c\u0131yla tuzaklanm\u0131\u015f hendekler kazmak ve barikatlar kurmak suretiyle yal\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f b\u00f6lgeler olu\u015fturmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan PKK ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc, kamuoyunda hendek olaylar\u0131 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan ve aylarca devam eden bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te roketatarlar, keskin ni\u015fanc\u0131 t\u00fcfekleri, patlay\u0131c\u0131lar ve otomatik sald\u0131r\u0131 t\u00fcfekleri kullanarak ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 d\u00fczenlemi\u015ftir. Okullar, hastaneler, barajlar, adliye binalar\u0131, ambulanslar gibi temel kamu hizmetlerini sa\u011flayan e\u015fya ve binalar\u0131n yan\u0131nda sivilleri de hedef alan bu ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131nda 335 sivil hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybederken 2.106 ki\u015fi yaralanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131nda 859 g\u00fcvenlik g\u00f6revlisi ve Derik kaymakam\u0131 \u015fehit olmu\u015f, 4.711 g\u00fcvenlik g\u00f6revlisi yaralanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ter\u00f6r eylemlerinin engellenmesi, halk\u0131n can ve …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27,535],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20543","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hukukihaber","category-uncategorized-tr"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n