Mirastan feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi, TMK. 528\/I h\u00fckm\u00fcne g\u00f6re, mirasb\u0131rakan ile muhtemel yasal miras\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 aras\u0131nda, ileride do\u011facak miras pay\u0131ndan tamamen veya k\u0131smen ivazl\u0131 veya ivazs\u0131z olarak vazge\u00e7mesine ili\u015fkin bir miras s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
Feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 anda, hen\u00fcz kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir miras hakk\u0131 yoktur. Miras a\u00e7\u0131lmad\u0131k\u00e7a beklenen bir hak s\u00f6z konusudur. Miras\u0131n miras\u00e7\u0131 olmas\u0131 da miras a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sa\u011f olmas\u0131 ko\u015fuluna ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Hen\u00fcz edinilmemi\u015f bir haktan feragat kural olarak ge\u00e7erli de\u011fildir (TBK 285 II). Bu bak\u0131mdan TMK. 528.m. bu kural\u0131n bir istisnas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur. Muhtemel miras\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n hen\u00fcz bir hakk\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, mirastan feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi bir haktan feragat anlam\u0131na gelmez. Buradaki feragat, ilerideki do\u011fmas\u0131 muhtemel bir miras talebinden, miras\u00e7\u0131 olmaktan feragattir. Ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle, feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi miras\u00e7\u0131 s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131n kazan\u0131lmas\u0131na engel olur. Mirastan feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rmas\u0131 kesin ve mutlak de\u011fildir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, miras\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n beklenen hakk\u0131, herhangi bir sebeple miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131 kazanamamas\u0131 halinde, feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fcz olaca\u011f\u0131ndan, feragat eden ki\u015finin miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcndeme gelir (TMK. m.529\/I) B\u00f6ylece do\u011fmam\u0131\u015f haktan feragat edilemeyece\u011finden do\u011fmas\u0131 muhtemel haklardan vazge\u00e7mek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Uygulamada s\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6r\u00fclen bir husus olan feragat edildi\u011fi esnada terekeye dahil olmas\u0131 beklenen yani mirasb\u0131rakan\u0131n b\u0131rakabilece\u011fi mallar\u0131n\u0131n, feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi esnas\u0131nda belirlenebilir olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fidir. \u00d6rne\u011fin bir kimse mirastan ivazl\u0131 veya ivazs\u0131z feragat etti\u011fi esnada miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadastro \u00f6ncesi elden ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanm\u0131\u015f say\u0131lsa (kadastro \u00f6ncesi tapular ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r gibi i\u015flem g\u00f6rece\u011finden elden ba\u011f\u0131\u015flama say\u0131lacakt\u0131r) ve feragat esnas\u0131nda miras b\u0131rakanla alakas\u0131 o an i\u00e7in olmayaca\u011f\u0131ndan bu mallardan feragat edilmi\u015f olmayacakt\u0131r. Bu durumun en \u00f6nemli hukuki korumas\u0131n\u0131n bu alanda olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek do\u011fru olacakt\u0131r. Kald\u0131 ki aksi halde hakkaniyete uygun d\u00fc\u015fmeyece\u011fini de belirtmek isteriz.<\/p>\n
Mirastan Feragat S\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin \u015eekli<\/p>\n
Miras s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinin ge\u00e7erli olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in resmi vasiyetname \u015feklinde d\u00fczenlenmesi gerekir. S\u00f6zle\u015fmenin taraflar\u0131, isteklerini resmi memura ayn\u0131 zamanda bildirirler ve d\u00fczenlenen s\u00f6zle\u015fmeyi memurun ve iki tan\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde imzalarlar. Mirastan feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi de olumsuz miras s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi kabul edildi\u011finden s\u00f6z konusu ge\u00e7erlilik \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131mal\u0131d\u0131r. Resmi memur sulh h\u00e2kimi, noter veya kanunla kendisine bu yetki verilmi\u015f ba\u015fka ki\u015filer olabilir. Tan\u0131klar da s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye \u015fahit olduklar\u0131na dair imza atarlar. Kanun lafz\u0131nda resmi vasiyetname \u015feklinde d\u00fczenlenece\u011fi belirtilen mirastan feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi, resmi vasiyetnameden farkl\u0131l\u0131k arz eder. Feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde her iki taraf da ayn\u0131 anda resmi memur huzurunda iradelerini a\u00e7\u0131klamaktad\u0131r. Resmi memur iradeleri yaz\u0131ya d\u00f6ker ve irade beyanlar\u0131n\u0131 okumalar\u0131 i\u00e7in taraflara verir. Taraflar s\u00f6zle\u015fmeyi tan\u0131k \u00f6n\u00fcnde okuyup iradelerine uygun bulduklar\u0131n\u0131 beyan eder ve imzalar. Tan\u0131klar da \u015ferh verip s\u00f6zle\u015fmeyi imzalar.<\/p>\n
Mirastan feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ivazl\u0131 (bir bedel al\u0131narak) veya ivazs\u0131z (bir bedel olmaks\u0131z\u0131n) yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r;<\/p>\n
Bir Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k (\u0130vazl\u0131) Al\u0131narak Yap\u0131lan Feragat S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi<\/p>\n
Bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k (ivazl\u0131) al\u0131narak yap\u0131lan mirastan vazge\u00e7me s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde, miras\u00e7\u0131 mirasb\u0131rakan hayattayken ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k sonucu mirastan vazge\u00e7mesidir. Mirastan vazge\u00e7mede bu ivaz g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ta\u015f\u0131nmaz ve bir miktar para olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Mirasb\u0131rakan bu bor\u00e7lar\u0131n alt\u0131na girmektedir. Mirasb\u0131rakan taraf\u0131ndan miras\u00e7\u0131ya bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k (ivazl\u0131) sa\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, miras\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7me miras\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n altsoyu yani \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 ve onlar\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da sonu\u00e7 do\u011furur. \u00a0Bu ki\u015filer de bu feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinden etkilenirler. Tabi ki s\u00f6zle\u015fme \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde taraflar bu durumun aksini de \u00f6ng\u00f6rebilirler.<\/p>\n
Nitekim Yarg\u0131tay 8. Hukuk Dairesi 2014\/18198 E., 2014\/17271 K. say\u0131l\u0131 ilam\u0131nda; \u201cTMK\u2019n\u0131n 528\/2, 3. maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen\u00a0\u201c\u2026 feragat eden, miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131 kaybeder. Bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k sa\u011flanarak mirastan feragat, s\u00f6zle\u015fmede aksi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmedik\u00e7e feragat edenin altsoyu i\u00e7in de sonu\u00e7 do\u011furur\u201d\u00a0h\u00fckm\u00fc uyar\u0131nca mirastan feragatte miras paylar\u0131n\u0131n di\u011fer miras\u00e7\u0131lara intikal \u015fekli kararda g\u00f6sterilmelidir.\u201d \u0130fadelerine yer vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Bir Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k Al\u0131nmadan (\u0130vazs\u0131z) Yap\u0131lan Feragat S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi<\/p>\n
\u0130vazs\u0131z (kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z) yap\u0131lan mirastan vazge\u00e7me s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde, muhtemel miras\u00e7\u0131, miras b\u0131rakandan bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k almadan muhtemel miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k s\u0131fat\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7mektedir. Bu sebeple mirasb\u0131rakan bir bo\u015f alt\u0131na girmez, yaln\u0131zca feragati kabul eder. Miras\u00e7\u0131lar da hi\u00e7bir menfaat almadan, miras hakk\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7mektedir.<\/p>\n
Miras\u00e7\u0131lar Bak\u0131m\u0131ndan Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/p>\n
Mirastan vazge\u00e7menin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 (ivazl\u0131) veya kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z (ivazs\u0131z) yap\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmakla birlikte uygulamada genellikle kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 (ivazl\u0131) yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Ge\u00e7erli bir feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi yap\u0131lmas\u0131yla miras\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n tereke ile olan ili\u015fi\u011fi kesilir. Mirastan vazge\u00e7meyle miras\u00e7\u0131 art\u0131k miras a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda miras\u00e7\u0131 olamayacakt\u0131r. Bu durumda mirastan vazge\u00e7en sanki miras b\u0131rakandan \u00f6nce \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f gibi miras d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kal\u0131r. Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 (ivazl\u0131) feragatte miras\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanun\u2019un 565. maddesinde\u00a0\u201cMiras haklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcmden \u00f6nce tasfiyesi maksad\u0131yla yap\u0131lan kazand\u0131rmalar\u201d\u00a0olarak ifade edilmektedir. Bu ifadeden de anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere, feragatin bu t\u00fcr\u00fcnde mirastan vazge\u00e7en ileride do\u011fmas\u0131 muhtemel olan miras hakk\u0131n\u0131 pe\u015finen alm\u0131\u015f olmaktad\u0131r. Bu noktada, miras\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n ileride do\u011fmas\u0131 muhtemel sakl\u0131 pay\u0131ndan az olmas\u0131n\u0131n da bir \u00f6nemi yoktur. B\u00f6ylece mirastan vazge\u00e7en miras\u00e7\u0131, ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n sakl\u0131 pay\u0131ndan daha az oldu\u011funa ili\u015fkin bir itirazda bulunamaz. Miras b\u0131rakan da verdi\u011fi kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha sonra, miras\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n miras\u00e7\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131 engelleyen \u015fartlar meydana geldi\u011finde geri isteyemez.<\/p>\n
Mirastan vazge\u00e7me s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde, mirastan vazge\u00e7enin yerine bir veya birden fazla ki\u015fi miras\u00e7\u0131 olarak g\u00f6sterilebilir. Bu durumda, mirastan vazge\u00e7me belirli bir ki\u015fi lehine yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan mirastan feragat edenin pay\u0131 bu ki\u015fi ve ki\u015filere ait olur. \u015eayet bu ki\u015filer mirastan \u00e7\u0131karma veya miras b\u0131rakandan \u00f6nce \u00f6lmek gibi nedenlerle miras\u00e7\u0131 olamazlarsa mirastan vazge\u00e7me h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fcz olur. B\u00f6ylece mirastan feragat eden yeniden miras\u0131 iktisap etmi\u015f olur.<\/p>\n
Tereke Alacakl\u0131lar\u0131 Bak\u0131m\u0131ndan\u00a0 Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/p>\n
Miras, sadece mirasb\u0131rakandan kalan aktif mallar\u0131 (ta\u015f\u0131nmaz, araba, para\u2026) de\u011fil, tereke bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 da kapsamaktad\u0131r. Mirasb\u0131rakan ile miras\u00e7\u0131 mirastan feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda miras hakk\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7en miras\u00e7\u0131 tereke bor\u00e7lar\u0131ndan sorumlu olmaz. Miras a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman, miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n tereke bor\u00e7lar\u0131 mevcudundan fazla olsa bile, miras\u00e7\u0131 tereke bor\u00e7lar\u0131ndan sorumlu de\u011fildir. Fakat bu hallerde mirasb\u0131rakan\u0131n alacakl\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n zarar g\u00f6rme ihtimali vard\u0131r. Bu gibi durumlar\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in kanun koyucu, mirasb\u0131rakandan bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k (ivazl\u0131) alarak mirastan vazge\u00e7en miras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131, mirasb\u0131rakan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden \u00f6nceki son be\u015f y\u0131l i\u00e7inde alm\u0131\u015f olduklar\u0131 menfaatleri, halen ellerinde bulunan miktar oran\u0131nda, geri vermekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc tutmaktad\u0131r. G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere mirastan vazge\u00e7en ki\u015fi mirasb\u0131rakan\u0131n alacakl\u0131lar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 ivazl\u0131 feragatten sorumludur. Bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k al\u0131nmadan (ivazs\u0131z) yap\u0131lan feragatte sorumluluk g\u00fcndeme gelmeyecektir.<\/p>\n
Mirasb\u0131rakan\u0131n alacakl\u0131lar\u0131 b\u00f6yle bir durumda alacaklar\u0131n\u0131 talep edebilmeleri i\u00e7in baz\u0131 \u015fartlar aranmaktad\u0131r. Bunlar;<\/p>\n
1. Mirasb\u0131rakan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc an\u0131nda, bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n tereke mevcudundan fazla olmas\u0131 yani bor\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00f6demeden aciz halinde olmas\u0131,<\/p>\n
2. Mirastan feragat etmemi\u015f olan di\u011fer miras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n bu bor\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00f6dememi\u015f olmas\u0131,<\/p>\n
3. Miras\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 bir di\u011fer deyi\u015fle mirasb\u0131rakan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden \u00f6nceki son be\u015f y\u0131l i\u00e7inde mirastan vazge\u00e7enin bir ivaz alm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fidir.<\/p>\n
Mirastan Vazge\u00e7me S\u00f6zle\u015fmesinden D\u00f6nme M\u00fcmk\u00fcn M\u00fcd\u00fcr?<\/p>\n
Mirastan feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin taraflar\u0131ndan biri olan mirasb\u0131rakana, feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinden d\u00f6nme hakk\u0131 tan\u0131nabilir. Mirastan feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi niteli\u011fi gere\u011fi olumsuz miras s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi oldu\u011fundan s\u00f6zle\u015fmeden d\u00f6nmek i\u00e7in miras s\u00f6zle\u015fmesine ili\u015fkin kurallar uygulanmas\u0131 gerekir. Bir ba\u015fka sebep olarak da miras s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ile atanan veya kendisine belirli bir mal b\u0131rak\u0131lan ki\u015fi, miras b\u0131rakana kar\u015f\u0131 miras s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin yap\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131karma sebebi olu\u015fturan bir davran\u0131\u015fta bulunursa mirasb\u0131rakan s\u00f6zle\u015fmeden tek tarafl\u0131 olarak d\u00f6nebilir. Bu d\u00f6nme tek tarafl\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rma vasiyetnameler i\u00e7in kanunda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen \u015fekillerden biriyle yap\u0131l\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece mirasb\u0131rakan yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 mirastan feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesine olan ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan kurtulur.<\/p>\n
Mirastan vazge\u00e7me s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi gere\u011fince sa\u011flar aras\u0131 edimleri yani ivaz\u0131 isteme hakk\u0131 bulunan mirastan vazge\u00e7en miras\u00e7\u0131, bu edimlerin s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye uygun olarak yerine getirilmesi ve g\u00fcvenceye ba\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131 isteyebilir. Lakin mirasb\u0131rakan\u0131n bu talebi yerine getirmemesi halinde miras\u00e7\u0131 bor\u00e7lar hukuku kurallar\u0131 uyar\u0131nca s\u00f6zle\u015fmeden d\u00f6nebilir. Bu kural bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k (ivazl\u0131) al\u0131narak yap\u0131lan mirastan feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde uygulan\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ivaz bir edimi yerine getirme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc y\u00fcklemektedir.\u00a0 Miras b\u0131rakan ivaz\u0131 yerine getirmiyorsa feragat eden T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu\u2019nun 547. Maddesi uyar\u0131nca feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinden d\u00f6nebilir. D\u00f6nme mirasb\u0131rak\u0131lana yap\u0131lacak bir d\u00f6nme beyan\u0131 ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.<\/p>\n
Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra mirastan vazge\u00e7me s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinde, feragat edenin ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ivaz, yasal miras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n sakl\u0131 paylar\u0131 ihlal edilmi\u015fse, bu takdirde, bu ki\u015filerin tenkis talebi hakk\u0131 do\u011far. Kanun gere\u011fince, tenkis y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, mirastan vazge\u00e7mi\u015f bulunan miras\u00e7\u0131 bir se\u00e7im hakk\u0131na sahiptir. \u0130sterse tenkisi gereken miktar\u0131 sakl\u0131 payl\u0131 miras\u00e7\u0131ya verir, isterse mirastan feragat dolay\u0131s\u0131yla miras b\u0131rakandan daha \u00f6nce alm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu ivaz\u0131 tamam\u0131yla iade eder ve sanki hi\u00e7 feragat etmemi\u015f gibi miras\u0131n taksimine kat\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Mirastan Feragat S\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin \u0130ptali Davas\u0131<\/p>\n
Mirastan feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi yap\u0131l\u0131rken ehliyetsizli\u011fi, s\u00f6zle\u015fme \u015fekil \u015fartlar\u0131na uyulmamas\u0131, irade sakatl\u0131klar\u0131 veya hukuka ve ahlaka ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k nedenleriyle iptal edilebilir. Bu davay\u0131, tasarrufu iptal edilmesinde menfaati bulunan miras\u00e7\u0131 veya vasiyet alacakl\u0131s\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan mirastan vazge\u00e7en aleyhine a\u00e7mal\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130lgili ki\u015filer miras b\u0131rakan \u00f6ld\u00fckten sonra ancak iptal sebebini \u00f6\u011frenmelerinden itibaren bir y\u0131l i\u00e7erisinde iptal davas\u0131 a\u00e7ma haklar\u0131n\u0131 kullanabilirler. Mirastan feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi iptal davas\u0131\u00a0miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n son ikametg\u00e2h\u0131 adresinde a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r. Muvazaa, zihni kay\u0131t veya latife beyan\u0131 (\u015faka) bulunmas\u0131 durumunda mirastan feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi kesin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
\u200bMirastan feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi, TMK. 528\/I h\u00fckm\u00fcne g\u00f6re, mirasb\u0131rakan ile muhtemel yasal miras\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 aras\u0131nda, ileride do\u011facak miras pay\u0131ndan tamamen veya k\u0131smen ivazl\u0131 veya ivazs\u0131z olarak vazge\u00e7mesine ili\u015fkin bir miras s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
Feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 anda, hen\u00fcz kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir miras hakk\u0131 yoktur. Miras a\u00e7\u0131lmad\u0131k\u00e7a beklenen bir hak s\u00f6z konusudur. Miras\u0131n miras\u00e7\u0131 olmas\u0131 da miras a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sa\u011f olmas\u0131 ko\u015fuluna ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Hen\u00fcz edinilmemi\u015f bir haktan feragat kural olarak ge\u00e7erli de\u011fildir (TBK 285 II). Bu bak\u0131mdan TMK. 528.m. bu kural\u0131n bir istisnas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur. Muhtemel miras\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n hen\u00fcz bir hakk\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, mirastan feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi bir haktan feragat anlam\u0131na gelmez. Buradaki feragat, ilerideki do\u011fmas\u0131 muhtemel bir miras talebinden, miras\u00e7\u0131 olmaktan feragattir. Ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle, feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi miras\u00e7\u0131 s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131n kazan\u0131lmas\u0131na engel olur. Mirastan feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rmas\u0131 kesin ve mutlak de\u011fildir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, miras\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n beklenen hakk\u0131, herhangi bir sebeple miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131 kazanamamas\u0131 halinde, feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fcz olaca\u011f\u0131ndan, feragat eden ki\u015finin miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcndeme gelir (TMK. m.529\/I) B\u00f6ylece do\u011fmam\u0131\u015f haktan feragat edilemeyece\u011finden do\u011fmas\u0131 muhtemel haklardan vazge\u00e7mek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Uygulamada s\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6r\u00fclen bir husus olan feragat edildi\u011fi esnada terekeye dahil olmas\u0131 beklenen yani mirasb\u0131rakan\u0131n b\u0131rakabilece\u011fi mallar\u0131n\u0131n, feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi esnas\u0131nda belirlenebilir olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fidir. \u00d6rne\u011fin bir kimse mirastan ivazl\u0131 veya ivazs\u0131z feragat etti\u011fi esnada miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadastro \u00f6ncesi elden ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanm\u0131\u015f say\u0131lsa (kadastro \u00f6ncesi tapular ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r gibi i\u015flem g\u00f6rece\u011finden elden ba\u011f\u0131\u015flama say\u0131lacakt\u0131r) ve feragat esnas\u0131nda miras b\u0131rakanla alakas\u0131 o an i\u00e7in olmayaca\u011f\u0131ndan bu mallardan feragat edilmi\u015f olmayacakt\u0131r. Bu durumun en \u00f6nemli hukuki korumas\u0131n\u0131n bu alanda olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek do\u011fru olacakt\u0131r. Kald\u0131 ki aksi halde hakkaniyete uygun d\u00fc\u015fmeyece\u011fini de belirtmek isteriz.<\/p>\n
Mirastan Feragat S\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin \u015eekli<\/p>\n
Miras s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinin ge\u00e7erli olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in resmi vasiyetname \u015feklinde d\u00fczenlenmesi gerekir. S\u00f6zle\u015fmenin taraflar\u0131, isteklerini resmi memura ayn\u0131 zamanda bildirirler ve d\u00fczenlenen s\u00f6zle\u015fmeyi memurun ve iki tan\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde imzalarlar. Mirastan feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi de olumsuz miras s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi kabul edildi\u011finden s\u00f6z konusu ge\u00e7erlilik \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131mal\u0131d\u0131r. Resmi memur sulh h\u00e2kimi, noter veya kanunla kendisine bu yetki verilmi\u015f ba\u015fka ki\u015filer olabilir. Tan\u0131klar da s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye \u015fahit olduklar\u0131na dair imza atarlar. Kanun lafz\u0131nda resmi vasiyetname \u015feklinde d\u00fczenlenece\u011fi belirtilen mirastan feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi, resmi vasiyetnameden farkl\u0131l\u0131k arz eder. Feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde her iki taraf da ayn\u0131 anda resmi memur huzurunda iradelerini a\u00e7\u0131klamaktad\u0131r. Resmi memur iradeleri yaz\u0131ya d\u00f6ker ve irade beyanlar\u0131n\u0131 okumalar\u0131 i\u00e7in taraflara verir. Taraflar s\u00f6zle\u015fmeyi tan\u0131k \u00f6n\u00fcnde okuyup iradelerine uygun bulduklar\u0131n\u0131 beyan eder ve imzalar. Tan\u0131klar da \u015ferh verip s\u00f6zle\u015fmeyi imzalar.<\/p>\n
Mirastan feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ivazl\u0131 (bir bedel al\u0131narak) veya ivazs\u0131z (bir bedel olmaks\u0131z\u0131n) yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r;<\/p>\n
Bir Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k (\u0130vazl\u0131) Al\u0131narak Yap\u0131lan Feragat S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi<\/p>\n
Bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k (ivazl\u0131) al\u0131narak yap\u0131lan mirastan vazge\u00e7me s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde, miras\u00e7\u0131 mirasb\u0131rakan hayattayken ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k sonucu mirastan vazge\u00e7mesidir. Mirastan vazge\u00e7mede bu ivaz g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ta\u015f\u0131nmaz ve bir miktar para olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Mirasb\u0131rakan bu bor\u00e7lar\u0131n alt\u0131na girmektedir. Mirasb\u0131rakan taraf\u0131ndan miras\u00e7\u0131ya bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k (ivazl\u0131) sa\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, miras\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7me miras\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n altsoyu yani \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 ve onlar\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da sonu\u00e7 do\u011furur. \u00a0Bu ki\u015filer de bu feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinden etkilenirler. Tabi ki s\u00f6zle\u015fme \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde taraflar bu durumun aksini de \u00f6ng\u00f6rebilirler.<\/p>\n
Nitekim Yarg\u0131tay 8. Hukuk Dairesi 2014\/18198 E., 2014\/17271 K. say\u0131l\u0131 ilam\u0131nda; \u201cTMK\u2019n\u0131n 528\/2, 3. maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen\u00a0\u201c\u2026 feragat eden, miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131 kaybeder. Bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k sa\u011flanarak mirastan feragat, s\u00f6zle\u015fmede aksi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmedik\u00e7e feragat edenin altsoyu i\u00e7in de sonu\u00e7 do\u011furur\u201d\u00a0h\u00fckm\u00fc uyar\u0131nca mirastan feragatte miras paylar\u0131n\u0131n di\u011fer miras\u00e7\u0131lara intikal \u015fekli kararda g\u00f6sterilmelidir.\u201d \u0130fadelerine yer vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Bir Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k Al\u0131nmadan (\u0130vazs\u0131z) Yap\u0131lan Feragat S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi<\/p>\n
\u0130vazs\u0131z (kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z) yap\u0131lan mirastan vazge\u00e7me s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde, muhtemel miras\u00e7\u0131, miras b\u0131rakandan bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k almadan muhtemel miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k s\u0131fat\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7mektedir. Bu sebeple mirasb\u0131rakan bir bo\u015f alt\u0131na girmez, yaln\u0131zca feragati kabul eder. Miras\u00e7\u0131lar da hi\u00e7bir menfaat almadan, miras hakk\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7mektedir.<\/p>\n
Miras\u00e7\u0131lar Bak\u0131m\u0131ndan Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/p>\n
Mirastan vazge\u00e7menin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 (ivazl\u0131) veya kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z (ivazs\u0131z) yap\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmakla birlikte uygulamada genellikle kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 (ivazl\u0131) yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Ge\u00e7erli bir feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi yap\u0131lmas\u0131yla miras\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n tereke ile olan ili\u015fi\u011fi kesilir. Mirastan vazge\u00e7meyle miras\u00e7\u0131 art\u0131k miras a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda miras\u00e7\u0131 olamayacakt\u0131r. Bu durumda mirastan vazge\u00e7en sanki miras b\u0131rakandan \u00f6nce \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f gibi miras d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kal\u0131r. Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 (ivazl\u0131) feragatte miras\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanun\u2019un 565. maddesinde\u00a0\u201cMiras haklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcmden \u00f6nce tasfiyesi maksad\u0131yla yap\u0131lan kazand\u0131rmalar\u201d\u00a0olarak ifade edilmektedir. Bu ifadeden de anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere, feragatin bu t\u00fcr\u00fcnde mirastan vazge\u00e7en ileride do\u011fmas\u0131 muhtemel olan miras hakk\u0131n\u0131 pe\u015finen alm\u0131\u015f olmaktad\u0131r. Bu noktada, miras\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n ileride do\u011fmas\u0131 muhtemel sakl\u0131 pay\u0131ndan az olmas\u0131n\u0131n da bir \u00f6nemi yoktur. B\u00f6ylece mirastan vazge\u00e7en miras\u00e7\u0131, ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n sakl\u0131 pay\u0131ndan daha az oldu\u011funa ili\u015fkin bir itirazda bulunamaz. Miras b\u0131rakan da verdi\u011fi kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha sonra, miras\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n miras\u00e7\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131 engelleyen \u015fartlar meydana geldi\u011finde geri isteyemez.<\/p>\n
Mirastan vazge\u00e7me s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde, mirastan vazge\u00e7enin yerine bir veya birden fazla ki\u015fi miras\u00e7\u0131 olarak g\u00f6sterilebilir. Bu durumda, mirastan vazge\u00e7me belirli bir ki\u015fi lehine yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan mirastan feragat edenin pay\u0131 bu ki\u015fi ve ki\u015filere ait olur. \u015eayet bu ki\u015filer mirastan \u00e7\u0131karma veya miras b\u0131rakandan \u00f6nce \u00f6lmek gibi nedenlerle miras\u00e7\u0131 olamazlarsa mirastan vazge\u00e7me h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fcz olur. B\u00f6ylece mirastan feragat eden yeniden miras\u0131 iktisap etmi\u015f olur.<\/p>\n
Tereke Alacakl\u0131lar\u0131 Bak\u0131m\u0131ndan\u00a0 Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/p>\n
Miras, sadece mirasb\u0131rakandan kalan aktif mallar\u0131 (ta\u015f\u0131nmaz, araba, para\u2026) de\u011fil, tereke bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 da kapsamaktad\u0131r. Mirasb\u0131rakan ile miras\u00e7\u0131 mirastan feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda miras hakk\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7en miras\u00e7\u0131 tereke bor\u00e7lar\u0131ndan sorumlu olmaz. Miras a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman, miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n tereke bor\u00e7lar\u0131 mevcudundan fazla olsa bile, miras\u00e7\u0131 tereke bor\u00e7lar\u0131ndan sorumlu de\u011fildir. Fakat bu hallerde mirasb\u0131rakan\u0131n alacakl\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n zarar g\u00f6rme ihtimali vard\u0131r. Bu gibi durumlar\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in kanun koyucu, mirasb\u0131rakandan bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k (ivazl\u0131) alarak mirastan vazge\u00e7en miras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131, mirasb\u0131rakan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden \u00f6nceki son be\u015f y\u0131l i\u00e7inde alm\u0131\u015f olduklar\u0131 menfaatleri, halen ellerinde bulunan miktar oran\u0131nda, geri vermekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc tutmaktad\u0131r. G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere mirastan vazge\u00e7en ki\u015fi mirasb\u0131rakan\u0131n alacakl\u0131lar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 ivazl\u0131 feragatten sorumludur. Bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k al\u0131nmadan (ivazs\u0131z) yap\u0131lan feragatte sorumluluk g\u00fcndeme gelmeyecektir.<\/p>\n
Mirasb\u0131rakan\u0131n alacakl\u0131lar\u0131 b\u00f6yle bir durumda alacaklar\u0131n\u0131 talep edebilmeleri i\u00e7in baz\u0131 \u015fartlar aranmaktad\u0131r. Bunlar;<\/p>\n
1. Mirasb\u0131rakan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc an\u0131nda, bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n tereke mevcudundan fazla olmas\u0131 yani bor\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00f6demeden aciz halinde olmas\u0131,<\/p>\n
2. Mirastan feragat etmemi\u015f olan di\u011fer miras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n bu bor\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00f6dememi\u015f olmas\u0131,<\/p>\n
3. Miras\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 bir di\u011fer deyi\u015fle mirasb\u0131rakan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden \u00f6nceki son be\u015f y\u0131l i\u00e7inde mirastan vazge\u00e7enin bir ivaz alm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fidir.<\/p>\n
Mirastan Vazge\u00e7me S\u00f6zle\u015fmesinden D\u00f6nme M\u00fcmk\u00fcn M\u00fcd\u00fcr?<\/p>\n
Mirastan feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin taraflar\u0131ndan biri olan mirasb\u0131rakana, feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinden d\u00f6nme hakk\u0131 tan\u0131nabilir. Mirastan feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi niteli\u011fi gere\u011fi olumsuz miras s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi oldu\u011fundan s\u00f6zle\u015fmeden d\u00f6nmek i\u00e7in miras s\u00f6zle\u015fmesine ili\u015fkin kurallar uygulanmas\u0131 gerekir. Bir ba\u015fka sebep olarak da miras s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ile atanan veya kendisine belirli bir mal b\u0131rak\u0131lan ki\u015fi, miras b\u0131rakana kar\u015f\u0131 miras s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin yap\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131karma sebebi olu\u015fturan bir davran\u0131\u015fta bulunursa mirasb\u0131rakan s\u00f6zle\u015fmeden tek tarafl\u0131 olarak d\u00f6nebilir. Bu d\u00f6nme tek tarafl\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rma vasiyetnameler i\u00e7in kanunda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen \u015fekillerden biriyle yap\u0131l\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece mirasb\u0131rakan yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 mirastan feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesine olan ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan kurtulur.<\/p>\n
Mirastan vazge\u00e7me s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi gere\u011fince sa\u011flar aras\u0131 edimleri yani ivaz\u0131 isteme hakk\u0131 bulunan mirastan vazge\u00e7en miras\u00e7\u0131, bu edimlerin s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye uygun olarak yerine getirilmesi ve g\u00fcvenceye ba\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131 isteyebilir. Lakin mirasb\u0131rakan\u0131n bu talebi yerine getirmemesi halinde miras\u00e7\u0131 bor\u00e7lar hukuku kurallar\u0131 uyar\u0131nca s\u00f6zle\u015fmeden d\u00f6nebilir. Bu kural bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k (ivazl\u0131) al\u0131narak yap\u0131lan mirastan feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde uygulan\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ivaz bir edimi yerine getirme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc y\u00fcklemektedir.\u00a0 Miras b\u0131rakan ivaz\u0131 yerine getirmiyorsa feragat eden T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu\u2019nun 547. Maddesi uyar\u0131nca feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinden d\u00f6nebilir. D\u00f6nme mirasb\u0131rak\u0131lana yap\u0131lacak bir d\u00f6nme beyan\u0131 ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.<\/p>\n
Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra mirastan vazge\u00e7me s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinde, feragat edenin ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ivaz, yasal miras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n sakl\u0131 paylar\u0131 ihlal edilmi\u015fse, bu takdirde, bu ki\u015filerin tenkis talebi hakk\u0131 do\u011far. Kanun gere\u011fince, tenkis y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, mirastan vazge\u00e7mi\u015f bulunan miras\u00e7\u0131 bir se\u00e7im hakk\u0131na sahiptir. \u0130sterse tenkisi gereken miktar\u0131 sakl\u0131 payl\u0131 miras\u00e7\u0131ya verir, isterse mirastan feragat dolay\u0131s\u0131yla miras b\u0131rakandan daha \u00f6nce alm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu ivaz\u0131 tamam\u0131yla iade eder ve sanki hi\u00e7 feragat etmemi\u015f gibi miras\u0131n taksimine kat\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Mirastan Feragat S\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin \u0130ptali Davas\u0131<\/p>\n
Mirastan feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi yap\u0131l\u0131rken ehliyetsizli\u011fi, s\u00f6zle\u015fme \u015fekil \u015fartlar\u0131na uyulmamas\u0131, irade sakatl\u0131klar\u0131 veya hukuka ve ahlaka ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k nedenleriyle iptal edilebilir. Bu davay\u0131, tasarrufu iptal edilmesinde menfaati bulunan miras\u00e7\u0131 veya vasiyet alacakl\u0131s\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan mirastan vazge\u00e7en aleyhine a\u00e7mal\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130lgili ki\u015filer miras b\u0131rakan \u00f6ld\u00fckten sonra ancak iptal sebebini \u00f6\u011frenmelerinden itibaren bir y\u0131l i\u00e7erisinde iptal davas\u0131 a\u00e7ma haklar\u0131n\u0131 kullanabilirler. Mirastan feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi iptal davas\u0131\u00a0miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n son ikametg\u00e2h\u0131 adresinde a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r. Muvazaa, zihni kay\u0131t veya latife beyan\u0131 (\u015faka) bulunmas\u0131 durumunda mirastan feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi kesin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczd\u00fcr.\u00a0Hukuki Haber<\/p>\n
Haberin Al\u0131nt\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kaynak: www.hukukihaber.net<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Mirastan feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi, TMK. 528\/I h\u00fckm\u00fcne g\u00f6re, mirasb\u0131rakan ile muhtemel yasal miras\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 aras\u0131nda, ileride do\u011facak miras pay\u0131ndan tamamen veya k\u0131smen ivazl\u0131 veya ivazs\u0131z olarak vazge\u00e7mesine ili\u015fkin bir miras s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 anda, hen\u00fcz kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir miras hakk\u0131 yoktur. Miras a\u00e7\u0131lmad\u0131k\u00e7a beklenen bir hak s\u00f6z konusudur. Miras\u0131n miras\u00e7\u0131 olmas\u0131 da miras a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sa\u011f olmas\u0131 ko\u015fuluna ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Hen\u00fcz edinilmemi\u015f bir haktan feragat kural olarak ge\u00e7erli de\u011fildir (TBK 285 II). Bu bak\u0131mdan TMK. 528.m. bu kural\u0131n bir istisnas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur. Muhtemel miras\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n hen\u00fcz bir hakk\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, mirastan feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi bir haktan feragat anlam\u0131na gelmez. Buradaki feragat, ilerideki do\u011fmas\u0131 muhtemel bir miras talebinden, miras\u00e7\u0131 olmaktan feragattir. Ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle, feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi miras\u00e7\u0131 s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131n kazan\u0131lmas\u0131na engel olur. Mirastan feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rmas\u0131 kesin ve mutlak de\u011fildir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, miras\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n beklenen hakk\u0131, herhangi bir sebeple miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131 kazanamamas\u0131 halinde, feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fcz olaca\u011f\u0131ndan, feragat eden ki\u015finin miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcndeme gelir (TMK. m.529\/I) B\u00f6ylece do\u011fmam\u0131\u015f haktan feragat edilemeyece\u011finden do\u011fmas\u0131 muhtemel haklardan vazge\u00e7mek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayacakt\u0131r. Uygulamada s\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6r\u00fclen bir husus olan feragat edildi\u011fi esnada terekeye dahil olmas\u0131 beklenen yani mirasb\u0131rakan\u0131n b\u0131rakabilece\u011fi mallar\u0131n\u0131n, feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi esnas\u0131nda belirlenebilir olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fidir. \u00d6rne\u011fin bir kimse mirastan ivazl\u0131 veya ivazs\u0131z feragat etti\u011fi esnada miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadastro \u00f6ncesi elden ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanm\u0131\u015f say\u0131lsa (kadastro \u00f6ncesi …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-66499","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hukukihaber"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n