T.C.<\/p>\n
Yarg\u0131tay<\/p>\n
10. Hukuk Dairesi<\/p>\n
2020\/11063 E., 2021\/14299 K.<\/p>\n
“\u0130\u00e7tihat Metni”<\/p>\n
B\u00f6lge Adliye
\nMahkemesi : … B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesi 9. Hukuk Dairesi
\nNo : 2020\/1248-2020\/2098<\/p>\n
\u0130lk Derece
\nMahkemesi : Manavgat \u0130\u015f Mahkemesi
\nNo : 2018\/7-2020\/57<\/p>\n
Dava, i\u015f kazas\u0131ndan sigortal\u0131n\u0131n vefat\u0131 nedeniyle hak sahiplerinin maddi ve manevi zararlar\u0131n\u0131n giderilmesi istemine ili\u015fkindir.<\/p>\n
\u0130lk Derece Mahkemesince, h\u00fck\u00fcmde belirtilen gerek\u00e7elerle davan\u0131n reddine dair verilen karara kar\u015f\u0131, davac\u0131lar vekilinin istinafa ba\u015fvurmas\u0131 \u00fczerine, … B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesi 9. Hukuk Dairesince istinaf istemlerinin esastan reddine karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
… B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesi 9. Hukuk Dairesince verilen karar\u0131n davac\u0131lar vekili taraf\u0131ndan s\u00fcresi i\u00e7erisinde temyiz edildi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131ktan ve Tetkik H\u00e2kimi … taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenen raporla dosyadaki k\u00e2\u011f\u0131tlar okunduktan sonra i\u015fin gere\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki karar tespit edildi.<\/p>\n
I- \u0130STEM:<\/p>\n
Davac\u0131 vekili dava dilek\u00e7esinde \u00f6zetle; m\u00fcvekkillerinin murisi sigortal\u0131 Bayram \u00d6zer\u2019in 16.09.2017 tarihinde meydana gelen i\u015f kazas\u0131nda vefat\u0131 nedeniyle fazlaya ili\u015fkin talep hakk\u0131 sakl\u0131 kalmak \u00fczere her bir m\u00fcvekkili i\u00e7in 200,00 TL\u2019\u015fer maddi tazminat ile toplam 200.000 TL manevi tazminat\u0131n kaza tarihinden faiziyle daval\u0131lardan m\u00fc\u015ftereken ve m\u00fcteselsilen tahsilini talep ve dava etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
II- CEVAP:<\/p>\n
Daval\u0131 … Sanayi A.\u015e. vekilinin cevap dilek\u00e7esinden \u00f6zetle: Davac\u0131n\u0131n di\u011fer daval\u0131 \u015firket Sigma Beton Laboratuvar Hizm. ve Tic. Ltd. \u015eti \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131 oldu\u011funu, m\u00fcvekkil \u015firketin i\u015fveren s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Sigma Beton Laboratuvar Hizm. ve Tic. Ltd. \u015eti.’nin … \u00c7imento A.\u015e. ile de\u011fil, … Haz\u0131r Beton A.\u015e. ile s\u00f6zle\u015fme yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 beyanla davan\u0131n reddini talep etmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n
Daval\u0131 Sigma Beton Laboratuvar Hizmetleri ve Ticaret Limited \u015eirketinin cevap dilek\u00e7esinden \u00f6zetle: Davac\u0131lar\u0131n murisi Bayram \u00d6zer’in dava dilek\u00e7esinde iddia edilenen aksine hi\u00e7 kimsenin kusur ve sorumlulu\u011fu olmaks\u0131z\u0131n ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi kalp krizi sonucu eceliyle vefat etti\u011fini, otopsi raporunda hi\u00e7bir duraksamaya yer vermeyecek \u015fekilde kalp damar hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucunda meydana geldi\u011finin belirlendi\u011fini, mevzuat a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan t\u00fcm y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerin yerine getirildi\u011fini, i\u015fyerinde ilk yard\u0131m uzmanlar\u0131 … ve Murat G\u00f6kta\u015fk\u0131n bulundu\u011funu, haks\u0131z ve mesnetsiz davan\u0131n reddini talep etmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n
III- MAHKEME KARARI:<\/p>\n
A-\u0130LK DERECE MAHKEME KARARI<\/p>\n
\u0130lk derece mahkemesince; \u201c06.11.2019 havale tarihli ve aralar\u0131nda kardiyoloji uzman\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu kusur heyet raporuna g\u00f6re daval\u0131 i\u015fverenlerin ve dava d\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u015fverenlerin kusurunun bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirtildi\u011fi, t\u00fcm bu hususlar birlikte de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde daval\u0131 i\u015fverenin dava konusu olayda herhangi bir kusurunun bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olup kusursuz bulunan daval\u0131 i\u015fverenler y\u00f6n\u00fcnden davan\u0131n reddine\u201d \u015feklinde gerek\u00e7eyle davan\u0131n reddine karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
B-B\u00d6LGE ADL\u0130YE MAHKEMES\u0130 KARARI:<\/p>\n
B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesince \u201cDavac\u0131lar (2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda bypass ameliyat\u0131 olan, bu rahats\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle s\u00fcrekli ila\u00e7 kullanan) murisinin kalp krizi nedeniyle i\u015f yerinde vefat\u0131 sonucu kazan\u0131n meydana geldi\u011fi ve olayda i\u015f yeri \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n etkili olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmakla h\u00fckme esas al\u0131nan kusur durumu yerinde bulunmu\u015ftur.\u201d gerek\u00e7esiyle \u201cDavac\u0131lar vekilinin istinaf ba\u015fvurusunun 6100 say\u0131l\u0131 Hukuk Muhakemeleri Kanunu 353\/1-b-1 maddesi gere\u011fince esastan reddine\u201d karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
IV-TEMY\u0130Z KANUN YOLUNA BA\u015eVURU VE NEDENLER\u0130:<\/p>\n
Davac\u0131 vekili temyiz dilek\u00e7esinde \u00f6zetle: \u0130\u015fverenin i\u015f yerinde hekim bulundurmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in kalp krizi ge\u00e7iren sigortal\u0131ya an\u0131nda m\u00fcdahale edilemedi\u011fi, ambulans \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ancak tesisin \u015fehir merkezine uzak olmas\u0131 nedeniyle zaman\u0131nda yeti\u015femedi\u011fi bu nedenle ge\u00e7 m\u00fcdahale yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in sigortal\u0131n\u0131n olay yerinde hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti\u011fini, bu nedenle i\u015f verenin, i\u015f yeri hekimi bulundurmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in kusurlu oldu\u011funu beyanla karar\u0131n bozulmas\u0131n\u0131 talep etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
V-\u0130LG\u0130L\u0130 HUKUK KURALLARI VE \u0130NCELEME:<\/p>\n
Dava, i\u015f kazas\u0131 sonucu sigortal\u0131n\u0131n vefat\u0131 nedeniyle hak sahibi e\u015f ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n maddi ve manevi zararlar\u0131n\u0131n giderilmesi istemine ili\u015fkindir.<\/p>\n
Geni\u015f anlam\u0131yla sorumluluk kavram\u0131, bir ki\u015finin ba\u015fka bir ki\u015fiye verdi\u011fi zararlar\u0131 giderme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc olarak a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hukuki anlamda sorumluluk ise, taraflar aras\u0131ndaki bor\u00e7 ili\u015fkisinin zedelenmesi sonucu do\u011fan zararlar\u0131n giderilmesi (tazmin edilmesi) y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n
\u0130\u015f\u00e7i ve i\u015fverenin hizmet s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinden kaynaklanan s\u0131k\u0131 i\u015f ili\u015fkisi, i\u015f\u00e7i y\u00f6n\u00fcnden i\u015fverene i\u00e7ten ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k (sadakat borcu), i\u015fveren y\u00f6n\u00fcnden i\u015f\u00e7iyi korumak ve g\u00f6zetmek borcu \u015feklinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Ger\u00e7ekten i\u015f\u00e7i, i\u015fverenin i\u015fi ve i\u015f yeri ile ilgili \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 korumak, \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na zarar verebilecek davran\u0131\u015flardan ka\u00e7\u0131nmak, buna kar\u015f\u0131 i\u015fveren de, i\u015f\u00e7inin ki\u015fili\u011fine sayg\u0131 g\u00f6stermek, i\u015f\u00e7iyi korumak, i\u015f yeri tehlikelerinden zarar g\u00f6rmemesi i\u00e7in i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi \u00f6nlemlerini almak, i\u015f\u00e7inin \u00f6zl\u00fck haklar\u0131 ve di\u011fer maddi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131n gerektirdi\u011fi uygun bildirimlerde ve davran\u0131\u015flarda bulunmak, i\u015f\u00e7inin \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flardan ka\u00e7\u0131nmakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
Sanayi ve teknolojideki geli\u015fmeler, yeni i\u015fletmelerin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131, fabrikalar\u0131n kurulmas\u0131 i\u015f yerlerindeki makinala\u015fman\u0131n artmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f, bu durum i\u015f kazalar\u0131 ile meslek hastal\u0131klar\u0131nda art\u0131\u015flara neden olmu\u015ftur. Bu geli\u015fme, i\u015f yerinde i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi \u00f6nlemlerinin daha etkili \u015fekilde al\u0131nmas\u0131 gere\u011fini ortaya \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u0130\u015fveren, g\u00f6zetme borcu gere\u011fi, \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7ileri, i\u015f yerinde meydana gelen tehlikelerden korumak, onlar\u0131n ya\u015fam, bedensel ve ruhsal sa\u011fl\u0131k b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fcklerini korumak i\u00e7in i\u015f yerinde teknik ve t\u0131bbi \u00f6nlemler dahil olmak \u00fczere bilimsel ve teknolojik geli\u015fmelerin gerekli k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcm \u00f6nlemleri almak zorundad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Anayasan\u0131n 17. maddesinde; “Herkes, ya\u015fama, maddi ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruma ve geli\u015ftirme hakk\u0131na sahiptir. T\u0131bbi zorunluluklar ve kanunda yaz\u0131l\u0131 haller d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, ki\u015finin v\u00fccut b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne dokunulamaz; r\u0131zas\u0131 olmadan bilimsel ve t\u0131bbi deneylere tabi tutulamaz.” h\u00fckm\u00fc getirilerek ya\u015fama hakk\u0131 g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f, bu yasal g\u00fcvencenin ya\u015fama ge\u00e7irilmesinde \u0130\u015f ve Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Mevzuat\u0131nda da i\u015f\u00e7ilerin korunmas\u0131, i\u015fin d\u00fczenlenmesi, i\u015f g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, sosyal d\u00fczen ve adaletin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi ile koruyucu bir tak\u0131m h\u00fck\u00fcmler getirilmi\u015ftir.
\n818 say\u0131l\u0131 Bor\u00e7lar Kanununun 332. maddesinde; “\u0130\u015f sahibi, aktin \u00f6zel halleri ve i\u015fin mahiyeti noktas\u0131ndan hakkaniyet dairesinde kendisinden istenilebilece\u011fi derecede \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak dolay\u0131s\u0131yla maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 tehlikelere kar\u015f\u0131 icabeden tedbirleri ittihaza ve m\u00fcnasip ve s\u0131hhi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma mahalleri ile, i\u015f\u00e7i birlikte ikamet etmekte ise s\u0131hhi yatacak bir yer tedarikine mecburdur.<\/p>\n
\u0130\u015f sahibinin yukar\u0131daki f\u0131kra h\u00fckm\u00fcne ayk\u0131r\u0131 hareketi neticesinde i\u015f\u00e7inin \u00f6lmesi halinde onun yard\u0131m\u0131ndan mahrum kalanlar\u0131n bu y\u00fczden u\u011frad\u0131klar\u0131 zararlara kar\u015f\u0131 isteyebilecekleri tazminat dahi akde ayk\u0131r\u0131 hareketten do\u011fan tazminat davalar\u0131 hakk\u0131ndaki h\u00fck\u00fcmlere tabi olur.” h\u00fckm\u00fc d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Yasa koyucu 818 say\u0131l\u0131 Bor\u00e7lar Kanununun 332. maddesinin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 01\/07\/2012 tarihinde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren yeni 6098 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanununun 417. maddesinin 2. f\u0131kras\u0131nda d\u00fczenlemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
An\u0131lan f\u0131krada “\u0130\u015fveren, i\u015fyerinde i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011finin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli olan her t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u00f6nlemi almak, ara\u00e7 ve gere\u00e7leri noksans\u0131z bulundurmak; i\u015f\u00e7iler de i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi konusunda al\u0131nan her t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u00f6nleme uymakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr.” h\u00fckm\u00fc yer almaktad\u0131r. Bu f\u0131kraya g\u00f6re, i\u015fverenin, i\u015f\u00e7inin ya\u015fam, sa\u011fl\u0131k ve bedensel b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc korumak i\u00e7in gerekli \u00f6nlemleri alma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Burada i\u015fverenin \u00f6zellikle i\u015f kazalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 gerekli \u00f6nlemleri alma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u00f6z konusudur. Buna g\u00f6re i\u015fveren, hizmet ili\u015fkisinin ve yap\u0131lan i\u015fin niteli\u011fi g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde tutuldu\u011funda, hakkaniyet gere\u011fi kendisinden beklenen; deneyimlerin zorunlu k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, teknik a\u00e7\u0131dan uygulanabilir ve i\u015f yerinin \u00f6zelliklerine uygun olan \u00f6nlemleri almakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
Ayn\u0131 maddelere paralel olarak, 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanununun “\u0130\u015fverenlerin ve \u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerin Y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri” kenar ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 77. maddesinin 1. f\u0131kras\u0131nda da benzer bir d\u00fczenlemeye yer verilmi\u015ftir. Bu f\u0131kraya g\u00f6re “\u0130\u015fverenler i\u015f yerlerinde i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011finin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli her t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u00f6nlemi almak, ara\u00e7 ve gere\u00e7leri noksans\u0131z bulundurmak, i\u015f\u00e7iler de i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi konusunda al\u0131nan her t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u00f6nleme uymakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcrler.”<\/p>\n
Bundan ba\u015fka i\u015fveren, mevzuatta \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f olsa dahi bilimsel ve teknolojik geli\u015fmelerin gerekli k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi \u00f6nlemlerini almak zorundad\u0131r. Bilim, teknik ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnden al\u0131nabilme olana\u011f\u0131 bulunan, yap\u0131lacak gider ve emek ne olursa olsun bilimin, tekni\u011fin ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin en yeni verileri g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde tutuldu\u011funda i\u015f\u00e7i sakatlanmayacak, hastalanmayacak ve \u00f6lmeyecek ya da bu k\u00f6t\u00fc sonu\u00e7lar daha da azalacaksa her \u00f6nlem i\u015fverenin koruma \u00f6nlemi alma borcu i\u00e7ine girer.<\/p>\n
Bu \u00f6nlemler konusunda i\u015fveren i\u015f yerini yeni a\u00e7mas\u0131 nedeniyle tecr\u00fcbesizli\u011fini, bilimsel ve teknik geli\u015fmeler y\u00f6n\u00fcnden bilgisizli\u011fini, ekonomik durumunun zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, benzer i\u015f yerlerinde bu i\u015f g\u00fcvenli\u011fi \u00f6nlemlerinin al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunarak sorumluluktan kurtulamaz. Ger\u00e7ekten, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hayat\u0131nda s\u00fcregelen k\u00f6t\u00fc al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131k ve geleneklerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fverenin \u00f6nlem alma borcunu etkilemez. I\u015fverenlerce, i\u015f g\u00fcvenli\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ya\u015famsal \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yan ara\u00e7 ve gere\u00e7lerin i\u015f\u00e7iler taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 sa\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, kaza olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tamamen ortadan kalkabilece\u011fi de tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131z bir ger\u00e7ektir.<\/p>\n
Nitekim, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde geli\u015fen sanayi ve teknoloji kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda yukar\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131klanan h\u00fck\u00fcmler yeterli g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f, insan ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n kutsall\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde i\u015fverenin, i\u015f yerinde i\u015f\u00e7ilerin sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve i\u015f g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in gerekli olan\u0131 yapmak ve bu husustaki \u015fartlar\u0131 sa\u011flamak ve ara\u00e7lar\u0131 noksans\u0131z bulundurmakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc oldu\u011fu 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanununun 77. maddesinin a\u00e7\u0131k buyru\u011fu iken, \u0130\u015f Kanununun 77. ve devam\u0131 bir k\u0131s\u0131m maddeler 30\/06\/2012 tarih ve 28339 say\u0131l\u0131 Resmi Gazetede yay\u0131mlanan 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Kanununun 37. maddesiyle y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olup, 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Kanunu, i\u015fverenin sa\u011fl\u0131k ve g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6nlemlerini alma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc daha ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde d\u00fczenlemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
6331 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Kanununun “\u0130\u015fverenin Genel Y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc” kenar ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 4. maddesine g\u00f6re;<\/p>\n
(1) \u0130\u015fveren, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n i\u015fle ilgili sa\u011fl\u0131k ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flamakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc olup, bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede;<\/p>\n
a) Mesleki risklerin \u00f6nlenmesi e\u011fitim ve bilgi verilmesi dahil her t\u00fcrl\u00fc tedbirin al\u0131nmas\u0131, organizasyonun yap\u0131lmas\u0131, gerekli ara\u00e7 ve gere\u00e7lerin sa\u011flanmas\u0131, sa\u011fl\u0131k ve g\u00fcvenlik tedbirlerinin de\u011fi\u015fen \u015fartlara uygun hale getirilmesi ve mevcut durumun iyile\u015ftirilmesi i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapar.<\/p>\n
b) \u0130\u015f yerinde al\u0131nan i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi tedbirlerine uyulup uyulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 izler, denetler ve uygunsuzluklar\u0131n giderilmesini sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
c) Risk de\u011ferlendirmesi yapar ve yapt\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00e7) \u00c7al\u0131\u015fana g\u00f6rev verirken, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131k ve g\u00fcvenlik y\u00f6n\u00fcnden i\u015fe uygunlu\u011fu g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131r.<\/p>\n
d) Yeterli bilgi ve talimat verilenler d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n hayati ve \u00f6zel tehlike bulunan yerlere girmemesi i\u00e7in gerekli tedbirleri al\u0131r.<\/p>\n
(2) \u0130\u015fyeri d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki uzman ki\u015fi ve kurulu\u015flardan hizmet al\u0131nmas\u0131, i\u015fverenin sorumluluklar\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rmaz.<\/p>\n
(3) \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi alan\u0131ndaki y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri, i\u015fverenin sorumluluklar\u0131n\u0131 etkilemez.<\/p>\n
(4) \u0130\u015fveren, i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi tedbirlerinin maliyetini \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara yans\u0131tamaz.<\/p>\n
Ayn\u0131 kanunun “Risklerden Korunma \u0130lkeleri” kenar ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 5. maddesine g\u00f6re;<\/p>\n
(1) \u0130\u015fverenin y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerinin yerine getirilmesinde a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ilkeler g\u00f6z\u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulur.<\/p>\n
a) Risklerden ka\u00e7\u0131nmak.<\/p>\n
b) Ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan riskleri analiz etmek.<\/p>\n
c) Risklerde kayna\u011f\u0131nda m\u00fccadele etmek.<\/p>\n
\u00e7) \u0130\u015fin ki\u015filere uygun hale getirilmesi i\u00e7in i\u015fyerlerinin tasar\u0131m\u0131 ile i\u015f ekipman\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u015fekli ve \u00fcretim metodlar\u0131n\u0131n se\u00e7iminde \u00f6zen g\u00f6stermek, \u00f6zellikle tekd\u00fcze \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve \u00fcretim temposunun sa\u011fl\u0131k ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fe olumsuz etkilerini \u00f6nlemek, \u00f6nlenemiyor ise en aza indirmek.<\/p>\n
d) Teknik geli\u015fmelere uyum sa\u011flamak.<\/p>\n
e) Tehlikeli olan\u0131 tehlikesiz veya daha az tehlikeli olanla de\u011fi\u015ftirmek.<\/p>\n
f) Teknoloji, i\u015f organizasyonu, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u015fartlar\u0131, sosyal ili\u015fkiler ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131 ile ilgili fakt\u00f6rlerin etkilerini kapsayan tutarl\u0131 ve genel bir \u00f6nleme politikas\u0131 geli\u015ftirmek.<\/p>\n
g) Toplu korunma tedbirlerine, ki\u015fisel korunma tedbirlerine g\u00f6re \u00f6ncelik vermek.<\/p>\n
\u011f) \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlara uygun talimatlar vermek.<\/p>\n
Yine 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun “Risk De\u011ferlendirmesi; Kontrol, \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma” karar ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 10. maddesinde \u015fu h\u00fck\u00fcm d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
(1) \u0130\u015fveren, i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnden risk de\u011ferlendirmesi yapmak veya yapt\u0131rmakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr. Risk de\u011ferlendirmesi yap\u0131l\u0131rken a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki hususlar dikkate al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n
a) Belirli risklerden etkilenecek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n durumu,<\/p>\n
b) Kullan\u0131lacak i\u015f ekipman\u0131 ile kimyasal madde ve m\u00fcstahzarlar\u0131n se\u00e7imi,<\/p>\n
c) \u0130\u015fyerinin tertip ve d\u00fczeni,<\/p>\n
\u00e7) Gen\u00e7, ya\u015fl\u0131, engelli, gebe veya emziren \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar gibi \u00f6zel politika gerektiren gruplar ile kad\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n durumu,<\/p>\n
2) \u0130\u015fveren, yap\u0131lacak risk de\u011ferlendirmesi sonucu al\u0131nacak i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi tedbirleri ile kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken koruyucu donan\u0131m veya ekipman\u0131 belirler.<\/p>\n
(3) \u0130\u015fyerinde uygulanacak i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi tedbirleri, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u015fekilleri ve \u00fcretim y\u00f6ntemleri, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131k ve g\u00fcvenlik y\u00f6n\u00fcnden korunma d\u00fczeyini y\u00fckseltecek ve i\u015fyerinin idari yap\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131n her kademesinde uygulanabilir nitelikte olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
(4) \u0130\u015fveren, i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131na ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n bu ortamda maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 risklerin belirlenmesine y\u00f6nelik gerekli kontrol, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm, inceleme ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere, i\u015fverenin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlarla ilgili sa\u011fl\u0131k ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sa\u011flama y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7er\u00e7evesi, 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Kanununun 4. maddesinde \u00e7izilmi\u015ftir. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede i\u015fverenin, “\u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n i\u015fle ilgili sa\u011fl\u0131k ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flamakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc oldu\u011fu belirtildikten sonra, yapaca\u011f\u0131 ve uymakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc bulunaca\u011f\u0131 bir tak\u0131m esaslara yer verilmi\u015ftir. Bunun gibi 5.maddede i\u015fverenin an\u0131lan y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirece\u011fi korunma s\u0131ras\u0131nda uyaca\u011f\u0131 ilkeler belirlenmi\u015ftir. 10. maddede ise i\u015fyerinde sa\u011fl\u0131k ve g\u00fcvenlik sa\u011flan\u0131rken, i\u015fverenin yapaca\u011f\u0131 risk de\u011ferlendirmesi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda dikkate almakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc bulundu\u011fu hususlar belirlenmi\u015ftir. (HGK. 09\/10\/2013 tarih, 2013\/21-102 Esas, 2013\/1456 Karar)<\/p>\n
6331 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Kanunu i\u015fverenlerin y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerini belirlerken ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n da y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerini belirlemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Kanunun 19. maddesine g\u00f6re;<\/p>\n
(1) \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar, i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ile ilgili ald\u0131klar\u0131 e\u011fitim ve i\u015fverenin bu konudaki talimatlar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda, kendilerinin ve hareketlerinden veya yapt\u0131klar\u0131 i\u015ften etkilenen di\u011fer \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131k ve g\u00fcvenliklerini tehlikeye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmemekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
(2) \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n, i\u015fveren taraf\u0131ndan verilen e\u011fitim talimatlar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri \u015funlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
a) \u0130\u015fyerindeki makine, cihaz, ara\u00e7, gere\u00e7, tehlikeli madde, ta\u015f\u0131ma ekipman\u0131 ve di\u011fer \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kurallara uygun \u015fekilde kullanmak, bunlar\u0131n g\u00fcvenlik donan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fru olarak kullanmak, keyfi olarak \u00e7\u0131karmamak ve de\u011fi\u015ftirmemek.<\/p>\n
b) Kendilerine sa\u011flanan ki\u015fisel koruyucu donan\u0131m\u0131 do\u011fru kullanmak ve korumak.<\/p>\n
c) \u0130\u015fyerindeki makine, cihaz, ara\u00e7, gere\u00e7, tesis ve binalarda sa\u011fl\u0131k ve g\u00fcvenlik y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ciddi ve yak\u0131n bir tehlike ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131nda ve koruma tedbirlerinde bir eksiklik g\u00f6rd\u00fcklerinde, i\u015fverene veya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan temsilcisine derhal haber vermek,<\/p>\n
\u00e7) Tefti\u015fe yetkili makam taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fyerinde tespit edilen noksanl\u0131k ve mevzuata ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n giderilmesi konusunda, i\u015fveren ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan temsilcisi ile i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapmak.<\/p>\n
d) Kendi g\u00f6rev alan\u0131nda i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011finin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in i\u015fveren ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan temsilcisi ile i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapmak.<\/p>\n
\u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Kanununun 37. maddesiyle 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunun 2. maddesinin d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131, 63. maddesinin d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131, 69, maddesinin d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc, be\u015finci ve alt\u0131nca f\u0131kralar\u0131, 77,78,79,80,81,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,95,105 ve ge\u00e7ici 2. maddeleri y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunun 4. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (f) bendinde yer alan ” \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi h\u00fck\u00fcmleri sakl\u0131 kalmak \u00fczere” ifadesi ile 98. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda yer alan ” 85. madde kapsam\u0131ndaki i\u015fyerlerinde ise \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan her i\u015f\u00e7i i\u00e7in bin Yeni T\u00fcrk Liras\u0131” ifadesi metinden \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Yine 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunun “At\u0131flar” kenar ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan ge\u00e7ici 1. maddesinde “(1) Di\u011fer mevzuatta i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ile ilgili olarak 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanuna yap\u0131lan at\u0131flar bu kanuna yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f say\u0131l\u0131r” h\u00fckm\u00fc d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Yukar\u0131da yap\u0131lan bu a\u00e7\u0131klamalardan sonra 818 say\u0131l\u0131 Bor\u00e7lar Kanununun 332. maddesinin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f yakla\u015f\u0131mla d\u00fczenlenen 6098 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanununun 417. maddesinin 2. f\u0131kras\u0131nda; “\u0130\u015fveren, i\u015f yerinde i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011finin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli her t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u00f6nlemi almak, ara\u00e7 ve gere\u00e7leri noksans\u0131z bulundurmak; i\u015f\u00e7ilerde i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi konusunda al\u0131nan her t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u00f6nleme uymakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc” olaca\u011f\u0131 belirtilerek, \u0130\u015f Kanununun 77\/1. maddesiyle b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fck sa\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi 3. f\u0131kras\u0131nda; “\u0130\u015fverenin yukar\u0131daki h\u00fck\u00fcmler dahil kanuna ve s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye ayk\u0131r\u0131 davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 nedeniyle i\u015f\u00e7inin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, v\u00fccut b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn zedelenmesi veya ki\u015filik haklar\u0131n\u0131n ihlaline ba\u011fl\u0131 zararlar\u0131n tazmini s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131ktan do\u011fan sorumluluk h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine tabi” oldu\u011fu h\u00fckme ba\u011flanmak suretiyle, hizmet s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinden kaynaklanan sorumlulu\u011fun hukuki niteli\u011fi konusunda tart\u0131\u015fmalar sona erdirilmi\u015f, s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131ktan kaynaklanan \u00f6l\u00fcme ve v\u00fccut b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn zedelenmesine veya ki\u015filik haklar\u0131n\u0131n ihlaline ba\u011fl\u0131 zararlar\u0131n tazmininde s\u00f6zle\u015fmeden do\u011fan sorumluluk h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin uygulanaca\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
4857 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanununun 77. ve devam\u0131 maddelerini y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131ran 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Kanunu 4. ve 5. maddelerde i\u015fverenin y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerini, 19. maddede de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerinin \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f anla\u015f\u0131yla daha ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 ve somut olarak ortaya koymu\u015f ve kusur sorumlulu\u011funun s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 kusursuz sorumlulu\u011fun s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131na yakla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n6331 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunun 4. ve 5. maddeleri ile buna uygun olarak \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi y\u00f6netmelikleri h\u00fck\u00fcmleri i\u015fverenin sorumlulu\u011funu objektifle\u015ftiren kriterler olarak de\u011ferlendirilmelidir. Bu sebeple mevzuatta yer alan tenik i\u015f kurallar\u0131na uyulmamas\u0131 i\u015fverenin kusurlu davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 olarak kabul edilmelidir. Ancak i\u015fveren sadece an\u0131lan yaz\u0131l\u0131 kurallara de\u011fil, yaz\u0131l\u0131 olmayan ve teknolojinin gerekli k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nlemlere ayk\u0131r\u0131 davrand\u0131\u011f\u0131nda da kusurlu g\u00f6r\u00fclerek olu\u015fan zarar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00d6te yandan objektifle\u015ftirilen kusur, kusur sorumlulu\u011funu kusursuz sorumlulu\u011fa yakla\u015ft\u0131rsa da, onu kusursuz sorumluluk haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcremez. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, baz\u0131 istisnalar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda i\u015fverenin sorumlulu\u011fu i\u00e7in kusurun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r. Ancak T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanununun 417\/2. maddesi, Anayasa ve 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun h\u00fck\u00fcmleri objektifle\u015ftirilmi\u015f kusur sorumlulu\u011fu ilkesi gere\u011fince i\u015fverenin sorumlulu\u011funu olduk\u00e7a geni\u015fletmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
\u00d6te yandan i\u015fvereni, zararland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 olay nedeniyle sorumluluktan kurtaracak olan durum, eylem ile meydana gelen zarar aras\u0131ndaki uygun illiyet rab\u0131tas\u0131n\u0131n kesilmesidir. Kusursuz sorumlulukta oldu\u011fu gibi kusur sorumlulu\u011funda da illiyet ba\u011f\u0131; m\u00fccbir sebep, zarar g\u00f6renin ve \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015finin a\u011f\u0131r kusuru nedenleriyle kesilebilir. Uygun illiyet ba\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kesildi\u011finin ispat\u0131 halinde, i\u015fverenin sorumlulu\u011funa gidilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. (HGK, 20\/03\/2013 tarih, 2012\/21-1121 Esas, 2013\/386 Karar)<\/p>\n
Somut olayda, m\u00fcteveffa sigortal\u0131n\u0131n daval\u0131 Sigma Beton Laboratuar Hizmetleri ve Tic Ltd \u015eti\u2019ne ait oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lan i\u015fyerinde, beton laborant\u0131 olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakta iken, 16.09.2017 tarihinde i\u015fyerindeki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda, kalp damar rahats\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak vefat etti\u011fi, Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Kurumu’nun olay\u0131 i\u015f kazas\u0131 olarak kabul etti\u011fi, ilk derece mahkemesince bilirki\u015fi heyetinden al\u0131nan kusur raporlar\u0131nda sigortal\u0131n\u0131n 2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda bypass ameliyat\u0131 ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi, kalp rahats\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle s\u00fcrekli olarak ila\u00e7 kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 olay g\u00fcn\u00fc de hen\u00fcz i\u015fe ba\u015flamadan kalp krizi ge\u00e7irerek vefat etti\u011fi, bu \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen olayda sigortal\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015f\u0131, besleme \u015fekli ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc ile genetik \u00f6zelliklerinin ve b\u00fcnyevi yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n etkili oldu\u011funa i\u015faretle, daval\u0131 i\u015fverenlere atfedilebilecek kusur olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015f ise de; sigortal\u0131n\u0131n tedavi kay\u0131t ve belgelerinin dosya kapsam\u0131na d\u00e2hil edilmedi\u011fi, i\u015fyeri hekimin i\u015fyerinde bulunmamas\u0131n\u0131n i\u015f kazas\u0131n\u0131n meydana gelmesine etkisinin tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r,<\/p>\n
Bu a\u00e7\u0131klamalar do\u011frultusunda mahkemece, \u00f6ncelikle sigortal\u0131n\u0131n kaza \u00f6ncesi d\u00f6neme ait t\u00fcm t\u0131bbi belge ve raporlar\u0131n\u0131n dosyaya celp edilmesi, \u00f6zellikle davac\u0131n\u0131n 2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda bypass ameliyat\u0131 ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi ve ila\u00e7 kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmakla, bu d\u00f6neme ili\u015fkin kay\u0131t ve belgeler ile kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ila\u00e7 bilgilerine g\u00f6re sa\u011fl\u0131k durumunun tespiti yap\u0131lmal\u0131, 22.04.2011 tarihli a\u011f\u0131r ve tehlikeli i\u015flerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilece\u011fine ili\u015fkin raporda da \u201ci\u015faret olunan ar\u0131zalar tedavi edilmek ko\u015fuluyla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilece\u011finin\u201d belirtilmi\u015f olmas\u0131na g\u00f6re, bu ar\u0131zalar\u0131n raporun d\u00fczenlenmesinden sonra ikmal edilip edilmedi\u011fini ara\u015ft\u0131rmak, 25.05.2017 tarihli son sa\u011fl\u0131k kontrol\u00fcnde de d\u00fczenli kardiyoloji poliklini\u011fi kontrol\u00fc ile bu i\u015fte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n uygun bulundu\u011funun belirtildi\u011finin anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131na g\u00f6re, s\u00f6z konusu bu raporun da usul\u00fcne uygun d\u00fczenlenip d\u00fczenlenmedi\u011fini irdelemek suretiyle, davac\u0131n\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na engel bir durumun bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 her t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u015f\u00fcpheden uzak bir \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015fturduktan sonra; davac\u0131lar vekilinin itirazlar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131narak alt i\u015fverene ait i\u015fyerinde i\u015fyeri hekiminin olay an\u0131nda i\u015fyerinde bulunmamas\u0131 sebebi ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmak, s\u00f6z konusu i\u015fyerinin 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 kanun kapsam\u0131nda i\u015fyeri hekimi istihdam\u0131n\u0131n zorunlu oldu\u011fu i\u015fyerlerinden olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirerek; i\u015fyerinin zorunlu hekim istihdam\u0131 gereken i\u015fyerlerinden olmas\u0131 halinde, i\u015fyeri hekiminin olay an\u0131nda i\u015fyerinde bulunmas\u0131 durumunda, \u00f6l\u00fcm olay\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesinin engellenip engelleyenemeyece\u011fi hususunun da rapor yerinde gerek\u00e7eleriyle de\u011ferlendirilmesi i\u00e7in alan\u0131nda uzman Kardiyolog ve Kalp Damar Cerrahisi Hekim bilirki\u015finin de yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, i\u015f kazas\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi alanda uzman A S\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi uzman\u0131 bilirki\u015filerin bulundu\u011fu heyetten rapor al\u0131n\u0131p, yukar\u0131da i\u015faret olunan hukuki a\u00e7\u0131klamalar da irdelenmek suretiyle gerek\u00e7eli rapor d\u00fczenlenmesinin temini suretiyle, i\u015fverenin i\u015f kazas\u0131 olarak kabul edilen olayda alabilece\u011fi \u00f6nlemlerin bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131; hangi \u00f6nlemleri al\u0131p hangi \u00f6nlemleri almad\u0131\u011f\u0131, hususu somut verilerle belirlenmek, olayda sigortal\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcnyesel yap\u0131 ve ya\u015fam tarz\u0131n\u0131n etkisinin de tart\u0131\u015f\u0131larak, sonucuna g\u00f6re al\u0131nacak bu raporla beraber davan\u0131n esas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bir karar verilmesi gerekirken; yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde eksik ara\u015ft\u0131rmayla h\u00fck\u00fcm tesisi hatal\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
Mahkemece, a\u00e7\u0131klanan bu maddi ve hukuki olgular g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde tutulmaks\u0131z\u0131n, eksik inceleme ve ara\u015ft\u0131rma sonucu yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131, usul ve yasaya ayk\u0131r\u0131 olup, bozma nedenidir.<\/p>\n
O h\u00e2lde, davac\u0131lar vekilinin bu y\u00f6nleri ama\u00e7layan temyiz itirazlar\u0131 kabul edilmeli ve … B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesi 9. Hukuk Dairesinin istinaf ba\u015fvurular\u0131n\u0131n esastan reddine ili\u015fkin karar\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131larak \u0130lk Derece Mahkemesince verilen h\u00fck\u00fcm bozulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
SONU\u00c7 : … B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesi 9. Hukuk Dairesi karar\u0131n\u0131n HMK\u2019n\u0131n 373\/1 maddesi gere\u011fi kald\u0131r\u0131larak, temyiz edilen ilk derece mahkemesi h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn yukar\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerle BOZULMASINA, temyiz harc\u0131n\u0131n istek halinde davac\u0131lara iadesine, dosyan\u0131n karar\u0131 veren \u0130lk Derece Mahkemesine, karar\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011finin B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesi\u2019ne g\u00f6nderilmesine, 16.11.2021 tarihinde oybirli\u011fiyle karar verildi.<\/p>\n
\u200bYarg\u0131tay 10. Hukuk Dairesi\u2019nin 16.11.2021 tarihli, 2020\/11063 E., 2021\/14299 K. say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131\u00a0Hukuki Haber<\/p>\n
Haberin Al\u0131nt\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kaynak: www.hukukihaber.net<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T.C. Yarg\u0131tay 10. Hukuk Dairesi 2020\/11063 E., 2021\/14299 K. “\u0130\u00e7tihat Metni” B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesi : … B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesi 9. Hukuk Dairesi No : 2020\/1248-2020\/2098 \u0130lk Derece Mahkemesi : Manavgat \u0130\u015f Mahkemesi No : 2018\/7-2020\/57 Dava, i\u015f kazas\u0131ndan sigortal\u0131n\u0131n vefat\u0131 nedeniyle hak sahiplerinin maddi ve manevi zararlar\u0131n\u0131n giderilmesi istemine ili\u015fkindir. \u0130lk Derece Mahkemesince, h\u00fck\u00fcmde belirtilen gerek\u00e7elerle davan\u0131n reddine dair verilen karara kar\u015f\u0131, davac\u0131lar vekilinin istinafa ba\u015fvurmas\u0131 \u00fczerine, … B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesi 9. Hukuk Dairesince istinaf istemlerinin esastan reddine karar verilmi\u015ftir. … B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesi 9. Hukuk Dairesince verilen karar\u0131n davac\u0131lar vekili taraf\u0131ndan s\u00fcresi i\u00e7erisinde temyiz edildi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131ktan ve Tetkik H\u00e2kimi … taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenen raporla dosyadaki k\u00e2\u011f\u0131tlar okunduktan sonra i\u015fin gere\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki karar tespit edildi. I- \u0130STEM: Davac\u0131 vekili dava dilek\u00e7esinde \u00f6zetle; m\u00fcvekkillerinin murisi sigortal\u0131 Bayram \u00d6zer\u2019in 16.09.2017 tarihinde meydana gelen i\u015f kazas\u0131nda vefat\u0131 nedeniyle fazlaya ili\u015fkin talep hakk\u0131 sakl\u0131 kalmak \u00fczere her bir m\u00fcvekkili i\u00e7in 200,00 TL\u2019\u015fer maddi tazminat ile toplam 200.000 TL manevi tazminat\u0131n kaza tarihinden faiziyle daval\u0131lardan m\u00fc\u015ftereken ve m\u00fcteselsilen tahsilini talep ve dava etmi\u015ftir. II- CEVAP: Daval\u0131 … Sanayi A.\u015e. vekilinin cevap dilek\u00e7esinden \u00f6zetle: Davac\u0131n\u0131n di\u011fer daval\u0131 \u015firket Sigma Beton Laboratuvar Hizm. ve Tic. Ltd. \u015eti \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131 oldu\u011funu, m\u00fcvekkil \u015firketin i\u015fveren s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Sigma Beton …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-35293","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hukukihaber"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n