T.C.
\nANKARA B\u00d6LGE ADL\u0130YE MAHKEMES\u0130
\n26. HUKUK DA\u0130RES\u0130
\nE. 2022\/2177
\nK. 2024\/1337
\nT. 1.11.2024<\/p>\n
ZORUNLU MAL\u0130 SORUMLULUK S\u0130GORTASI R\u00dcCU DAVASI ( Alkoll\u00fc Ara\u00e7 Kullan\u0131m\u0131 Nedeniyle Sigortac\u0131n\u0131n R\u00fccu Hakk\u0131n\u0131n De\u011ferlendirilmesi Gere\u011fi \u2013 Kusur Raporlar\u0131 Aras\u0131ndaki \u00c7eli\u015fkilerin Giderilerek Yeniden Bilirki\u015fi \u0130ncelemesi Yap\u0131lmas\u0131 Gere\u011fi)<\/p>\n
KUSUR ORANININ BEL\u0130RLENMES\u0130 ( Farkl\u0131 Raporlarda Belirlenen Kusur Oranlar\u0131 Aras\u0131ndaki Farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n Giderilmesi ve Yeni Kusur Raporu Al\u0131nmas\u0131 Gere\u011fi )<\/p>\n
PAS\u0130F HUSUMET ( Sigorta S\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin Taraf\u0131 Olmayan Daval\u0131 S\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcye Y\u00f6nelik A\u00e7\u0131lan Davan\u0131n Pasif Husumet Nedeniyle Reddi Gere\u011fi )<\/p>\n
TAM KUSUR ( S\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn 1,84 Promil Alkoll\u00fc Olmas\u0131 Nedeniyle Sigortan\u0131n R\u00fccu Ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n De\u011ferlendirilmesi Gere\u011fi \u2013 Kazan\u0131n Alkol\u00fcn Etkisiyle Meydana Gelip Gelmedi\u011finin Tespit Edilmesi Gere\u011fi )<\/p>\n
2918\/m.97<\/p>\n
\u00d6ZET: Dava, trafik kazas\u0131 nedeniyle sigorta \u015firketinin sigortal\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc ve i\u015fleten aleyhine ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 r\u00fccuen tazminat istemine ili\u015fkindir.<\/p>\n
1-Mahkemece dava konusu kazada kazaya kar\u0131\u015fan ara\u00e7 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerinin kusur durumunun tespiti ve raporlar aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7eli\u015fkinin giderilmesi davac\u0131n\u0131n itirazlar\u0131n\u0131n da de\u011ferlendirilmesi amac\u0131yla varsa kazaya ili\u015fkin kamere kay\u0131tlar\u0131, hasar dosyalar\u0131, kazaya ili\u015fkin savc\u0131l\u0131k haz\u0131rl\u0131k dosyas\u0131, dava a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ise ceza dosyas\u0131, Asliye Ticaret mahkemesi dosyas\u0131 da istenerek kazan\u0131n olu\u015f \u015fekli, ifadeler ve t\u00fcm dosya kapsam\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilerek \u0130T\u00dc veya KGM Fen Heyeti gibi kurumlardan kusur raporu al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve sonucuna g\u00f6re bir karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
2-Mahkemece daval\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc y\u00f6n\u00fcnden davan\u0131n k\u0131smen kabul\u00fcne karar verilmi\u015f ise de daval\u0131n\u0131n 15.07.2018 tarihli Zorunlu Mali Mesuliyet Sigorta poli\u00e7esinin taraf\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve eldeki davan\u0131n ancak sigorta \u015firketi taraf\u0131ndan kendi sigortal\u0131s\u0131na (akidine) kar\u015f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 dolas\u0131yla daval\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc sigorta s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin taraf\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan daval\u0131 aleyhine a\u00e7\u0131lan davan\u0131n pasif husumet yoklu\u011fundan reddine karar verilmesi gerekirken k\u0131smen kabul\u00fcne karar verilmesi do\u011fru g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
DAVA : \u0130lk derece mahkemesince verilen karara kar\u015f\u0131 davac\u0131 vekili ve daval\u0131lar vekili taraf\u0131ndan s\u00fcresi i\u00e7inde istinaf kanun yoluna ba\u015fvurulmu\u015f olup, ba\u015fvuru \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n yerine getirildi\u011fi dosya \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan \u00f6n inceleme ile anla\u015f\u0131lmakla yap\u0131lan istinaf incelemesi sonunda;<\/p>\n
KARAR : TARAFLARIN \u0130DD\u0130A VE SAVUNMALARI;<\/p>\n
Davac\u0131 vekili, 16.03.2019 tarihinde, davac\u0131ya zorunlu mali sorumluluk sigorta poli\u00e7esi ile sigortal\u0131, daval\u0131lardan … Ecza Deposu San Tic Ltd \u015eti’ne ait …’nin sevk ve idaresindeki … plakal\u0131 ara\u00e7la kav\u015fakta sa\u011f\u0131ndan gelen dava d\u0131\u015f\u0131 …’in sevk ve idaresindeki … plakal\u0131 arac\u0131n sol yan orta k\u0131sm\u0131na \u00e7arpmas\u0131 sonucu meydana gelen trafik kazas\u0131nda daval\u0131 …’nin a\u011f\u0131r kusurlu oldu\u011funu, davac\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan … plakal\u0131 ara\u00e7 sahibi …’e 15.800 TL hasar \u00f6demesi yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, daval\u0131 …’nin kaza s\u0131ras\u0131nda 1,84 promil alkoll\u00fc olmas\u0131 nedeniyle ZMMS Genel \u015eartlar\u0131 B\/4-c maddesi gere\u011fince r\u00fccu \u015fartlar\u0131 bulundu\u011fundan daval\u0131lar aleyhine 30.10.2020 tarihinde 15.800 TL as\u0131l alacak 1.1698,61 TL i\u015flemi\u015f faiz olmak \u00fczere toplam 17.498,61 TL \u00fczerinden Eski\u015fehir 2. \u0130cra M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn 2020\/5902 esas say\u0131l\u0131 dosyas\u0131 ile icra takibi ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, daval\u0131lar\u0131n itiraz\u0131 \u00fczerine takibin durdu\u011funu belirterek daval\u0131lar\u0131n icra takibine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 itirazlar\u0131n\u0131n iptaline takibin devam\u0131na, as\u0131l alaca\u011f\u0131n %20\u2018si oran\u0131nda icra inkar tazminat\u0131na karar verilmesini talep etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Daval\u0131lar vekili, davac\u0131n\u0131n taraf oldu\u011fu Eski\u015fehir Asliye Ticaret Mahkemesi’nin 2019\/351 Esas say\u0131l\u0131 dosyas\u0131nda al\u0131nan kusur bilirki\u015fi raporunda 16.03.2019 tarihli kazada …’nin %60, …’in %40 oran\u0131nda kusurlu oldu\u011fu belirlenmi\u015f ise de …’nin kav\u015fakta ge\u00e7i\u015f \u00f6nceli\u011fi oldu\u011fundan kusursuz oldu\u011funu, kazan\u0131n m\u00fcnhas\u0131ran alkol\u00fcn etkisi ile olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan davac\u0131n\u0131n r\u00fccu ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek davan\u0131n reddini, %20 k\u00f6t\u00fcniyet tazminat\u0131n\u0131n davac\u0131dan tahsiline karar verilmesi istemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
\u0130LK DERECE MAHKEMES\u0130 KARARI<\/p>\n
Mahkemece, davan\u0131n davac\u0131 sigortal\u0131s\u0131na ait ara\u00e7 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn, alkoll\u00fc olarak yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kaza sebebiyle kar\u015f\u0131 ara\u00e7ta olu\u015fan zarara ili\u015fkin yap\u0131lan \u00f6demenin r\u00fccuen sigortal\u0131 daval\u0131 ile ara\u00e7 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fc daval\u0131dan tahsili talebine ili\u015fkin tazminat- alacak davas\u0131 oldu\u011fu, Mahkemenin 2019\/351 esas say\u0131l\u0131 dosyas\u0131nda al\u0131nan 30.03.2020 tarihli ATK raporu ile davaya konu kazan\u0131n olu\u015fumunda daval\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc … …’\u0131n %60 (y\u00fczde altm\u0131\u015f), davac\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc …’in %40 (y\u00fczde k\u0131rk) oran\u0131nda kusurlu oldu\u011funun belirlendi\u011fi, mahkemenin 2019\/351 esas say\u0131l\u0131 dosyas\u0131nda al\u0131nan kusur raporu ve dosya kapsam\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilerek, davac\u0131n\u0131n talep edebilece\u011fi kusura ba\u011fl\u0131 alaca\u011f\u0131n tespiti hususunda makine m\u00fchendisi bilirki\u015fiden davac\u0131n\u0131n talep edebilece\u011fi tazminat miktar\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde al\u0131nan 14.02.2022 tarihli raporda da dava konusu … plakal\u0131 ara\u00e7ta bu kaza nedeni ile pert-total olarak 15.800 TL tutar\u0131nda hasar meydana geldi\u011fi, davac\u0131 sigorta \u015firketi … plakal\u0131 arac\u0131n hasar bedelini \u00f6deyerek, r\u00fccuen haklar\u0131na sahip oldu\u011fu, bu hasar bedeline y\u00f6nelik, 30.03.2020 tarihli ATK raporu gere\u011fince kazan\u0131n olu\u015fumunda … plakal\u0131 ara\u00e7 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fc … … %60 kusuru oran\u0131ndaki k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 15.800x%60=9.480 TL bedeli talep edebilece\u011fi belirtilmi\u015f oldu\u011fu, kazan\u0131n olu\u015fumunda daval\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc … …’\u0131n %60 (y\u00fczde altm\u0131\u015f) oran\u0131nda, kar\u015f\u0131 ara\u00e7 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fc …’in %40 (y\u00fczde k\u0131rk) oran\u0131nda kusurlu oldu\u011fu, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kazan\u0131n m\u00fcnhas\u0131ran sigortal\u0131 ara\u00e7 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn alkoll\u00fc olmas\u0131ndan kaynaklanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, davac\u0131 sigorta \u015firketinin sigortal\u0131ya \u00f6dedi\u011fi tazminat\u0131 r\u00fccu \u015fart\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tespit edilmekle, daval\u0131 sigortal\u0131 … Ecza Deposu.. Ltd. \u015eti’ye y\u00f6nelik davan\u0131n reddine, bilirki\u015fi raporunda belirlendi\u011fi \u00fczere, davac\u0131 sigorta \u015firketi … plakal\u0131 arac\u0131n 15.800 TL tutar\u0131ndaki hasar bedelini \u00f6deyerek, r\u00fccu haklar\u0131na sahip oldu\u011fu, bu hasar\u0131n olu\u015fumuna sebebiyet veren kazan\u0131n olu\u015fumunda … plakal\u0131 ara\u00e7 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fc daval\u0131 … … %60 kusuru oran\u0131ndaki 15.800x%60=9.480 TL’lik b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden davac\u0131ya kar\u015f\u0131 sorumlu oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esi ile; daval\u0131 \u015firkete y\u00f6nelik davan\u0131n reddine, daval\u0131 … …’a y\u00f6nelik davan\u0131n k\u0131smen kabul\u00fc ile, 9.480 TL alacak y\u00f6n\u00fcnden daval\u0131n\u0131n Eski\u015fehir 2. \u0130cra m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn 2020\/5902 Say\u0131l\u0131 takip dosyas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik itiraz\u0131n\u0131n iptaline, alacak likit say\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131ndan davac\u0131 yarar\u0131na icra inkar tazminat\u0131 takdirine yer olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na, davac\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fc niyeti ispatlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan daval\u0131 Zahide lehine haks\u0131z takip tazminat\u0131 takdirine yer olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na karar verilmi\u015f; karara kar\u015f\u0131 davac\u0131 vekili ile daval\u0131lar vekili taraf\u0131ndan istinaf kanun yoluna ba\u015fvuru yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u0130LER\u0130 S\u00dcR\u00dcLEN \u0130ST\u0130NAF SEBEPLER\u0130<\/p>\n
Davac\u0131 vekili istinaf ba\u015fvuru dilek\u00e7esinde; mahkemece her ne kadar dosyadaki 30.03.2020 tarihli kusur raporu kazadaki kusur oran\u0131n\u0131 belirlemede yeterli kabul edilmi\u015f ve yerel mahkemece raporun denetime ve h\u00fck\u00fcm kurmaya elveri\u015fli oldu\u011funa kanaat getirilmi\u015fse de s\u00f6z konusu raporun h\u00fck\u00fcm kurmaya elveri\u015fli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, davaya konu olayda davac\u0131 sigorta \u015firketi taraf\u0131ndan sigortalanan ara\u00e7 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fc … …’\u0131n asli kusurlu, s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc …’in ise bir kusuru bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, trafik kaza tespit tutana\u011f\u0131nda … …’\u0131n, kazan\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesinde asli ve a\u011f\u0131r kusurlu oldu\u011funun tespit edildi\u011fini, kusur oran\u0131nda indirim yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n hatal\u0131 oldu\u011funu, kald\u0131 ki h\u00fckme esas al\u0131nan bilirki\u015fi raporunda bilirki\u015filerce; “Daval\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc … … idaresindeki otomobil ile olay mahalli kav\u015fa\u011f\u0131na geldi\u011finde istikametine yanan k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 fas\u0131lal\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131k nedeniyle durup, kav\u015fak kollar\u0131ndaki trafik ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 dikkate alarak, kav\u015fa\u011f\u0131n ge\u00e7i\u015f i\u00e7in uygun oldu\u011fu zamanda kontroll\u00fc bir \u015fekilde kav\u015faktan ge\u00e7i\u015fini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmesi gerekirken bu hususlara riayet etmeden istikametine g\u00f6re sa\u011f taraf\u0131ndan gelerek kav\u015fa\u011fa giri\u015f yapan di\u011fer s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc y\u00f6netimindeki otomobili dikkate almadan mahal \u015fartlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde bir h\u0131zla kav\u015fa\u011fa giri\u015f yapmas\u0131 neticesinde davac\u0131 y\u00f6netimindeki otomobile \u00e7arpt\u0131\u011f\u0131 olayda meydana gelen olayda kusurludur.” \u015feklinde bir kanaate var\u0131lm\u0131\u015fken raporun Sonu\u00e7 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde daval\u0131 … …’a yaln\u0131zca %60 oran\u0131nda kusur atfedilmesinin raporun kendi i\u00e7erisinde \u00e7eli\u015fki bar\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla raporda bulunan mevcut \u00e7eli\u015fkiler giderilmeden h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131 hatal\u0131 oldu\u011funu, h\u00fckme esas al\u0131nan ATK kusur raporunda yap\u0131lan incelemelerde n\u00f6roloji uzman\u0131 bulunmamakta olup n\u00f6roloji uzman\u0131n\u0131n bulunmuyor olmas\u0131 sebebiyle kazan\u0131n alkoll\u00fc sigortal\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn tam kusuruyla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011finin tam olarak tespit edilemedi\u011fini, buna ra\u011fmen yerel mahkemece itirazlar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131nmadan kazaya konu yetersiz inceleme ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar sonucu haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f bilirki\u015fi raporunun h\u00fckme esas al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n hatal\u0131 oldu\u011funu, mahkeme gerek\u00e7eli karar\u0131nda daval\u0131 sigortal\u0131 … Ecza Deposu San. Ve Tic. Ltd. \u015eti’ye y\u00f6nelik davan\u0131n reddine karar vermi\u015fse de daval\u0131 … Ecza Deposu San. Ve Tic. Ltd. \u015eti.’nin ara\u00e7 maliki olmas\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen kazadan dolay\u0131 sorumlulu\u011fu bulunup bu anlamda davaya konu olayda r\u00fccu \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n da olu\u015ftu\u011funu, kazaya konu olayda daval\u0131 … …’\u0131n alkoll\u00fc ara\u00e7 kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131, promilin 0.50 yasal s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7mekle kalmay\u0131p 1.00 promil s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 da a\u015fmas\u0131 sebebiyle (1.84 promil) %100 kusurlu oldu\u011fu, ara\u00e7 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn daval\u0131 … …, sigortal\u0131 ara\u00e7 malikinin de daval\u0131 … Ecza Deposu San. ve Tic. Ltd. \u015eti. olmas\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla davan\u0131n … Ecza Deposu San. Ve Tic. Ltd. \u015eti. y\u00f6n\u00fcnden davan\u0131n reddine karar verilemeyece\u011fini, sigorta poli\u00e7esinde sigortal\u0131 taraf olarak yer alan ve ara\u00e7 maliki olarak kay\u0131tl\u0131 olan … … de\u011fil, daval\u0131 … Ecza Deposu San. Ve Tic. Ltd. \u015eti oldu\u011funu, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla davac\u0131n\u0131n tahsilde tekerrr\u00fcr olmamak kayd\u0131yla hem ara\u00e7 maliki olan … Ecza Deposu San. Ve Tic. Ltd. \u015eti.’ye hem de asli kusurlu ara\u00e7 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fc olan … …’ya r\u00fccu talebi hakl\u0131 oldu\u011funu, mahkemece n\u00f6roloji uzman\u0131, hukuk\u00e7u, trafik konusunda uzman bilirki\u015filerden olu\u015fan bilirki\u015fi kurulu arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla olay\u0131n salt alkol\u00fcn etkisiyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015fip ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmedi\u011finin alkol d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ba\u015fa unsurlar\u0131n da olay\u0131n meydana gelmesinde rol oynay\u0131p oynamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n saptanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirterek karar\u0131n istinaf incelemesi sonucunda kald\u0131r\u0131larak davan\u0131n kabul\u00fcne karar verilmesini talep etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Daval\u0131lar vekili istinaf dilek\u00e7esinde; Gerek\u00e7eli karar usul\u00fcne uygun olarak yaz\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan Anayasa, A\u0130HS’ in 6. maddesi ve HMK’n\u0131n 297. Maddesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funu, mahkemece karar\u0131n gerek\u00e7e k\u0131sm\u0131nda, delillerin yeterince tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, davan\u0131n hangi gerek\u00e7elerle k\u0131smen kabul edildi\u011fine dair yeterli a\u00e7\u0131klama ve ayd\u0131nlatma yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bilirki\u015fi raporuna itirazlar\u0131n\u0131n dikkate al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan h\u00fck\u00fcm kurmaya elveri\u015fli derecede delil toplanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, toplanan delillerin ise yanl\u0131\u015f de\u011ferlendirildi\u011fini, mahkemece bilirki\u015fi raporuna kar\u015f\u0131 sunmu\u015f olduklar\u0131 itirazlar\u0131n dikkate al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, itirazlar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda yeni bilirki\u015fi incelemesi yap\u0131lmadan, h\u00fck\u00fcm kurmaya elveri\u015fli bulunmayan bir rapor do\u011frultusunda k\u0131smen kabul karar\u0131 verildi\u011fini, hatal\u0131 bilirki\u015fi incelemesinin h\u00fckme esas al\u0131narak karar verilmesinin a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funu, ilk derece mahkemesince, kazan\u0131n alkol\u00fcn etkisiyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmedi\u011fi Eski\u015fehir Asliye Ticaret Mahkemesi’nin 2019\/351 E. Say\u0131l\u0131 dosyas\u0131nda yap\u0131lan kusur tespiti ile s\u00fcbuta erdi\u011fi kabul edilerek, davan\u0131n … Ecza Deposu San ve Tic. Ltd. \u015eirketi y\u00f6n\u00fcnden reddine, … … a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ise k\u0131smen kabul\u00fcne karar verilmesinin \u00e7eli\u015fkili oldu\u011funu, mahkemece kazan\u0131n alkol\u00fcn etkisiyle ve a\u011f\u0131r kusur sonucu ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmedi\u011fi kabul edilmi\u015fken … … y\u00f6n\u00fcnden davan\u0131n k\u0131smen kabul\u00fcne karar verilmesinin anla\u015f\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, kazan\u0131n salt daval\u0131n\u0131n alm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu alkol\u00fcn etkisiyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmedi\u011finin Eski\u015fehir Asliye Ticaret Mahkemesi 2019\/351 E. Say\u0131l\u0131 dosyas\u0131nda yap\u0131lan kusur tespiti ile s\u00fcbuta ermi\u015f olup ayr\u0131ca bu husus ilk derece mahkemesince de kabul edildi\u011finden … … y\u00f6n\u00fcnden davan\u0131n k\u0131smen kabul\u00fcne karar verilmesinin hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funu, davac\u0131 sigorta \u015firketinin meydana gelen kaza neticesinde olu\u015fan hasar miktar\u0131n\u0131, daval\u0131n\u0131n kusuru oran\u0131nda r\u00fccu etmesinin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, zira somut olayda Karayollar\u0131 Motorlu Ara\u00e7lar Zorunlu Mali Sorumluluk Sigortas\u0131 Genel \u015eartlar\u0131’n\u0131n B\/4. maddesinde say\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan sigorta \u015firketinin meydana gelen zarar bedelini r\u00fccu edebilece\u011fi hallerin hi\u00e7birinin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmedi\u011fini, emsal kararlarda da belirtildi\u011fi gibi, s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc alkoll\u00fc de olsa kazan\u0131n olu\u015fumunda tek ba\u015f\u0131na kusurlu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece sigortan\u0131n r\u00fccu hakk\u0131n\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek istinaf isteminin kabul\u00fcyle yerel mahkeme karar\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na davan\u0131n reddine karar verilmesini istemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
DEL\u0130LLER\u0130N DE\u011eERLEND\u0130R\u0130LMES\u0130 ve GEREK\u00c7E<\/p>\n
Davac\u0131 vekili ile daval\u0131lar vekilinin HMK’n\u0131n 355. Maddesi gere\u011fince istinaf sebepleri ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olarak, dosya i\u00e7erisindeki bilgi ve belgeler, mahkeme karar\u0131n\u0131n gerek\u00e7esi, dayan\u0131lan delillerin tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131p de\u011ferlendirilmesi ile yap\u0131lan inceleme sonunda;<\/p>\n
Davac\u0131 sigorta \u015firketi, sigortal\u0131 ara\u00e7 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn meydana gelen kazada arac\u0131 alkoll\u00fc olarak kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bahisle, s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye dayal\u0131 olarak, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fiye \u00f6dedi\u011fi hasar bedelinin r\u00fccuen tahsili i\u00e7in daval\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc ve i\u015fleten aleyhine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 icra takibine daval\u0131lar\u0131n itiraz\u0131n\u0131n iptaline takibin devam\u0131na karar verilmesini istemi\u015f, mahkemece sigortal\u0131 ara\u00e7 s\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn kaza s\u0131ras\u0131nda 1,84 promil alkoll\u00fc olup kazada %60 kusurlu oldu\u011fu kazan\u0131n m\u00fcnhas\u0131ran sigortal\u0131 ara\u00e7 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn alkoll\u00fc olmas\u0131ndan kaynaklanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, davac\u0131 sigorta \u015firketinin sigortal\u0131ya \u00f6dedi\u011fi tazminat\u0131 r\u00fccu \u015fart\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tespit edilmekle, daval\u0131 sigortal\u0131 … Ecza Deposu Ltd \u015eti’ne y\u00f6nelik davan\u0131n reddine, daval\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn %60 kusur oran\u0131na g\u00f6re daval\u0131 … …’a y\u00f6nelik davan\u0131n k\u0131smen kabul\u00fc ile, 9.480 TL alacak y\u00f6n\u00fcnden daval\u0131n\u0131n Eski\u015fehir 2. \u0130cra M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn 2020\/5902 Say\u0131l\u0131 takip dosyas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik itiraz\u0131n\u0131n iptaline dair verilen karara kar\u015f\u0131 davac\u0131 vekili kusur raporu ve oran\u0131na, her iki daval\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden r\u00fccu ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015ftu\u011funa; daval\u0131lar vekili hasar raporuna, r\u00fccu ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fleten ve s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc y\u00f6n\u00fcnden olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na, mahkeme karar\u0131n\u0131n gerek\u00e7esiz olmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik istinaf sebepleri sunulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
1-)Davac\u0131 vekilinin istinaf sebeplerinin incelenmesinde; 2918 Say\u0131l\u0131 KTK’n\u0131n 95. maddesi gere\u011fince sigorta s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinden veya sigorta s\u00f6zle\u015fmesine ili\u015fkin kanun h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinden do\u011fan ve tazminat y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 veya miktar\u0131n\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 sonucunu do\u011furan haller zarar g\u00f6rene kar\u015f\u0131 ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclemez. \u00d6demede bulunan sigortac\u0131, sigorta s\u00f6zle\u015fmesine ve bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye ili\u015fkin kanun h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine g\u00f6re, tazminat\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 veya azalt\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayabilece\u011fi oranda sigorta ettirene ba\u015fvurabilir.<\/p>\n
Dava konusu kaza 16.03.2019 tarihinde meydana gelmi\u015f, sigorta \u015firketi ile daval\u0131 … Ecza Deposu San Tic Ltd \u015eti aras\u0131ndaki zorunlu mali sorumluluk sigorta poli\u00e7esi 15.07.2018-15.07.2019 tarihleri aras\u0131nda ge\u00e7erli olmak \u00fczere d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Taraflar aras\u0131ndaki uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k sigorta s\u00f6zle\u015fmesine ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k nedeniyle a\u00e7\u0131lan r\u00fccuen tazminat davas\u0131 oldu\u011fundan r\u00fccu \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fup olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin d\u00fczenlendi\u011fi tarihte y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte olan poli\u00e7e genel \u015fartlar\u0131na g\u00f6re belirlenmesi gerekir. Bu nedenle r\u00fccu \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesinde 01.06.2015 tarihinde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren Zorunlu Mali Sorumluluk Sigortas\u0131 Genel \u015eartlar\u0131n\u0131n nazara al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereklidir.<\/p>\n
Poli\u00e7e tanzim tarihinde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte bulunan Sigorta Genel \u015eartlar\u0131ndan Sigortan\u0131n, sigortal\u0131ya r\u00fccu hakk\u0131 “B.4. Zarar G\u00f6renlerin Haklar\u0131n\u0131n Sakl\u0131 Tutulmas\u0131 ve Sigortan\u0131n Sigortal\u0131ya R\u00fccu Hakk\u0131” ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 maddesinde d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f, ilgili maddede; “Sigorta s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinden veya sigorta s\u00f6zle\u015fmesine ili\u015fkin kanun h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinden do\u011fan ve tazminat y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 veya miktar\u0131n\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 sonucunu do\u011furan haller zarar g\u00f6rene kar\u015f\u0131 ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclemez.<\/p>\n
\u00d6demede bulunan sigortac\u0131, sigorta s\u00f6zle\u015fmesine ve bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye ili\u015fkin kanun h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine g\u00f6re, tazminat\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 veya azalt\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayabilece\u011fi oranda sigortal\u0131ya r\u00fccu edebilir.<\/p>\n
Sigortal\u0131ya ba\u015fl\u0131ca \u015fu nedenlerle r\u00fccu edilir:<\/p>\n
a-)Tazminat\u0131 gerektiren olay, sigortal\u0131n\u0131n veya eylemlerinden sorumlu oldu\u011fu ki\u015filerin kasti bir hareketi veya a\u011f\u0131r kusuru sonucunda meydana gelmi\u015f ise,<\/p>\n
b-)Tazminat\u0131 gerektiren olay, arac\u0131n ilgili mevzuat h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine g\u00f6re gereken ehliyetnameye sahip olmayan veya ge\u00e7erlili\u011fini yitirmi\u015f s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc sertifikas\u0131na sahip ya da ehliyetine ge\u00e7ici\/s\u00fcrekli el konulmu\u015f kimseler taraf\u0131ndan sevk edilmesi veya trafik kurallar\u0131n\u0131n ihlali sonucunda meydana gelmi\u015f ise,<\/p>\n
c-)Arac\u0131n, uyu\u015fturucu madde veya ilgili mevzuatta belirlenen seviyenin \u00fczerinde alkoll\u00fc i\u00e7ki alm\u0131\u015f ki\u015filerce veya ayn\u0131 mevzuatta alkoll\u00fc i\u00e7ki alamayaca\u011f\u0131 belirtilen ki\u015filerce alkoll\u00fc i\u00e7ki al\u0131nmak suretiyle kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda meydana gelen zararlar,<\/p>\n
\u00e7)Tazminat\u0131 gerektiren olay, yolcu ta\u015f\u0131maya ruhsatl\u0131 olmayan ara\u00e7larda yolcu ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 veya yetkili makamlarca tespit edilmi\u015f olan istiap haddinden fazla yolcu veya y\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 veya patlay\u0131c\u0131, parlay\u0131c\u0131 ve tehlikeli maddeleri ta\u015f\u0131ma ruhsat\u0131 bulunmayan ara\u00e7larda, bu maddelerin parlama, tutu\u015fma ve infilak\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden meydana gelmi\u015f ise,<\/p>\n
d-)Sigortal\u0131n\u0131n rizikonun ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi halinde bu genel \u015fartlar\u0131n B.1. maddesinde belirtilen y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri yerine getirmemesinden dolay\u0131 zarar ve ziyan miktar\u0131nda bir art\u0131\u015f olursa,<\/p>\n
e-)Tazminat\u0131 gerektiren olay\u0131n arac\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131nmas\u0131 veya gasp edilmesi sonucunda olmas\u0131 halinde, \u00e7al\u0131nma veya gasp edilme olay\u0131nda sigortal\u0131n\u0131n kendisinin veya eylemlerinden sorumlu oldu\u011fu ki\u015filerin kusurlu oldu\u011fu tespit edilirse,<\/p>\n
f-)Bedeni hasara neden olan trafik kazalar\u0131nda sigortal\u0131n\u0131n veya eylemlerinden sorumlu oldu\u011fu ki\u015filerin, tedavi veya yard\u0131m ama\u00e7l\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131k kurulu\u015funa gitme, can g\u00fcvenli\u011fi nedeniyle uzakla\u015fma gibi zorunlu haller hari\u00e7 olmak \u00fczere, olay yerini terk etmesi veya kaza tutana\u011f\u0131, alkol raporu vb. kazan\u0131n olu\u015f ko\u015fullar\u0131na ili\u015fkin gereken belgelerin d\u00fczenlenmesi y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ayk\u0131r\u0131 davranmas\u0131 halinde,<\/p>\n
Sigortac\u0131 r\u00fccu sebeplerine dayanarak tazminat s\u00fcrecini geciktiremez ve bu sebeplere dayal\u0131 bilgi ve belgeyi hak sahibinden talep edemez.” denilerek, sigortac\u0131n\u0131n sigortal\u0131ya r\u00fccu edebilece\u011fi durumlar belirlenmi\u015ftir. \u0130lgili maddede say\u0131lan r\u00fccu sebepleri birbirinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z sebepler olup, r\u00fccu sebeplerinden birinin bulunmas\u0131 halinde sigorta \u015firketi yap\u0131lan hasar \u00f6demesinin r\u00fccuen tazminini sigortal\u0131s\u0131ndan talep edebilir.<\/p>\n
Davac\u0131 ve daval\u0131 … Ecza Deposu Ltd. \u015eti aras\u0131nda imzalanan zorunlu mali mesuliyet sigortas\u0131n\u0131n eki durumunda olan sigorta genel \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n B.4.c maddesi gere\u011fince, arac\u0131n, uyu\u015fturucu madde veya ilgili mevzuatta belirlenen seviyenin \u00fczerinde alkoll\u00fc i\u00e7ki alm\u0131\u015f ki\u015filerce veya ayn\u0131 mevzuatta alkoll\u00fc i\u00e7ki alamayaca\u011f\u0131 belirtilen ki\u015filerce alkoll\u00fc i\u00e7ki al\u0131nmak suretiyle kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda meydana gelen zararlar teminat d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalmakta olup, zarar bedelinin, sigorta \u015firketi taraf\u0131ndan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fiye \u00f6dendikten sonra, kendi sigortal\u0131s\u0131na r\u00fccu imkan\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede 01.06.2015 tarihli sigorta genel \u015fartlar\u0131nda kazan\u0131n, arac\u0131n, uyu\u015fturucu madde veya 2918 Say\u0131l\u0131 KTK’n\u0131n 48. maddesi, KTKY’n\u0131n 97. maddesiyle belirlenen seviyenin \u00fczerinde alkoll\u00fc i\u00e7ki alm\u0131\u015f ki\u015filerce veya ayn\u0131 mevzuatta alkoll\u00fc i\u00e7ki alamayaca\u011f\u0131 belirtilen ki\u015filerce alkoll\u00fc i\u00e7ki al\u0131nmak suretiyle kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda meydana gelmesi r\u00fccu i\u00e7in yeterli say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.Poli\u00e7e tanzim tarihinde ge\u00e7erli olan 01.06.2015 tarihinde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren Zorunlu Mali Sorumluluk Sigortas\u0131 Genel \u015eartlar\u0131n\u0131n sigortac\u0131n\u0131n sigortal\u0131ya r\u00fccu hakk\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczenlendi\u011fi B.4.c maddesi gere\u011fince \u201carac\u0131n, uyu\u015fturucu madde veya ilgili mevzuatta belirlenen seviyenin \u00fczerinde alkoll\u00fc i\u00e7ki alm\u0131\u015f ki\u015filerce veya ayn\u0131 mevzuatta alkoll\u00fc i\u00e7ki alamayaca\u011f\u0131 belirtilen ki\u015filerce alkoll\u00fc i\u00e7ki al\u0131nmak suretiyle kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda meydana gelen zararlar\u201d sigortal\u0131dan r\u00fccuen talep edilebilir denilmi\u015f olup alkoll\u00fc s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn idaresinde bulunan ara\u00e7la \u201calkoll\u00fc i\u00e7ki alm\u0131\u015f olmalar\u0131 nedeniyle arac\u0131 g\u00fcvenli s\u00fcrme yeteneklerini kaybetmi\u015f bulunmalar\u0131ndan ileri geliyorsa\u201d ifadesi yer almad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan kazan\u0131n m\u00fcnhas\u0131ran alkol\u00fcn etkisi ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015fip ger\u00e7eklemedi\u011finin r\u00fccu \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131na etkisi bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Buna g\u00f6re s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn alkoll\u00fc olmas\u0131 halinde sigorta \u015firketinin sigortal\u0131s\u0131na s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn kusuru oran\u0131nda r\u00fccu edebilece\u011fi kabul edilerek sonucuna g\u00f6re karar verilmesi gerekirken yaz\u0131l\u0131 gerek\u00e7e ile daval\u0131 sigortal\u0131 … Ecza Deposu San ve Tic. Ltd.\u015eti. y\u00f6n\u00fcnden davan\u0131n reddine karar verilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 do\u011fru g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Davac\u0131n\u0131n r\u00fccu imkan\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu belirlendikten sonra ise r\u00fccunun kapsam\u0131, yani sigorta \u015firketi taraf\u0131ndan sigortal\u0131s\u0131na r\u00fccu edebilece\u011fi rakam\u0131n belirlenmesi gerekmektedir. Trafik sigortac\u0131s\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan sigorta s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi uyar\u0131nca sigortal\u0131ya kar\u015f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lan r\u00fccuen tazminat davalar\u0131nda, sigortal\u0131n\u0131n sorumlu oldu\u011fu miktar, yap\u0131lan \u00f6deme miktar\u0131 olmay\u0131p, ger\u00e7ek zarar miktar\u0131 kadard\u0131r. Bu nedenle mahkemece, zarar g\u00f6renin (somut olayda … plakal\u0131 arac\u0131n hasar\u0131 ) ger\u00e7ek zarar miktar\u0131 tespit edilerek, davac\u0131 taraf\u00e7a yap\u0131lan \u00f6deme miktar\u0131 daha fazla olsa da, daval\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ek zarar miktar\u0131yla sorumlulu\u011funa karar verilmesi gerekti\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Bu nedenle mahkemece, \u00f6ncelikle kazaya kar\u0131\u015fan s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerin kusur oran\u0131na g\u00f6re dava d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ki\u015fiye yap\u0131lan \u00f6demenin ger\u00e7ek zarar olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n usul\u00fcne uygun olarak tespiti gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n
Somut olayda, kazada zarar g\u00f6ren … Plakal\u0131 ara\u00e7 sahibi …’in,… plakal\u0131 daval\u0131 … Ecza Deposu San Tic Ltd \u015eti \u2018ne ait arac\u0131n trafik sigortan\u0131 yapan davac\u0131 sigorta \u015firketine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015fvuru \u00fczerine davac\u0131 sigorta \u015firketi taraf\u0131ndan yapt\u0131r\u0131lan ekspertiz raporu gere\u011fince … plakal\u0131 arac\u0131n pert oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esiyle …’e 16.05.2019 tarihinde 15.800 TL \u00f6deme yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, eldeki davada ise davac\u0131 vekili dava d\u0131\u015f\u0131 … plakal\u0131 ara\u00e7 sahibi …’e 16.05.2019 tarihinde toplam 15.800 TL ara\u00e7 hasar\u0131 \u00f6dendi\u011fini, daval\u0131lar aleyhine Eski\u015fehir 2. \u0130cra M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn 2020\/5902 Say\u0131l\u0131 dosyas\u0131 ile 30.10.2020 tarihinde 15.800 TL as\u0131l alacak 1.1698,61 TL i\u015flemi\u015f faiz olmak \u00fczere toplam 17.498,61 TL \u00fczerinden icra takibi ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, daval\u0131lar\u0131n itiraz\u0131 \u00fczerine takibin durdu\u011funu belirterek daval\u0131lar\u0131n icra dosyas\u0131na yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 itiraz\u0131 iptaline takibin devam\u0131na karar verilmesini talep etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan kusur raporu al\u0131nmam\u0131\u015f ayn\u0131 kaza ile ilgili Eski\u015fehir Asliye Ticaret Mahkemesi’nin dava d\u0131\u015f\u0131 … taraf\u0131ndan eldeki davan\u0131n davac\u0131s\u0131 … Sigorta A\u015e ve … … aleyhine maddi tazminat talebi ile a\u00e7\u0131lan 2019\/351 esas say\u0131l\u0131 dosyas\u0131nda al\u0131nan 30.03.2020 tarihli ATK raporu ile belirlenen … plakal\u0131 ara\u00e7 sahibi …’in %40, … plakal\u0131 ara\u00e7 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fc …’\u0131n %60 kusurlu olarak belirlendi\u011fi rapor esas al\u0131narak; makine m\u00fchendisi bilirki\u015fiden al\u0131nan 14.02.2022 tarihli hasar raporu esas al\u0131nmak suretiyle karar verilmi\u015f ise de Eski\u015fehir Asliye Ticaret Mahkemesi’nin 2019\/351 Say\u0131l\u0131 dosyas\u0131nda daval\u0131 … Ecza Deposu San Tic Ltd \u015eti’nin taraf olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, an\u0131lan dosyan\u0131n kesinle\u015fmedi\u011fi, kaza tespit tutana\u011f\u0131nda … asli ve tam kusurlu; … kusursuz oldu\u011fu, 28.05.2019 tarihli bilirki\u015fi raporunda … tali kusurlu, … asli kusurlu oldu\u011fu, 30.03.2020 tarihli ATK raporunda … %60, … %40 kusurlu oldu\u011fu belirtilmi\u015f olmakla kusur oranlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00e7eli\u015fki oldu\u011fundan kusur raporlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7eli\u015fki giderilmeden karar verilmesi do\u011fru g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Bu durumda mahkemece dava konusu kazada kazaya kar\u0131\u015fan ara\u00e7 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerinin kusur durumunun tespiti ve raporlar aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7eli\u015fkinin giderilmesi davac\u0131n\u0131n itirazlar\u0131n\u0131n da de\u011ferlendirilmesi amac\u0131yla varsa kazaya ili\u015fkin kamere kay\u0131tlar\u0131, hasar dosyalar\u0131, kazaya ili\u015fkin savc\u0131l\u0131k haz\u0131rl\u0131k dosyas\u0131, dava a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ise ceza dosyas\u0131, Eski\u015fehir Asliye Ticaret mahkemesinin 2019\/351 Esas say\u0131l\u0131 dosyas\u0131 da istenerek kazan\u0131n olu\u015f \u015fekli, ifadeler ve t\u00fcm dosya kapsam\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilerek \u0130T\u00dc veya KGM Fen Heyeti gibi kurumlardan kusur raporu al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve sonucuna g\u00f6re bir karar verilmesi gerekirken yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde eksik inceleme ile h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131 do\u011fru g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
2-)Mahkemece daval\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc … … y\u00f6n\u00fcnden davan\u0131n k\u0131smen kabul\u00fcne karar verilmi\u015f ise de daval\u0131n\u0131n 15.07.2018 tarihli Zorunlu Mali Mesuliyet Sigorta poli\u00e7esinin taraf\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve eldeki davan\u0131n ancak sigorta \u015firketi taraf\u0131ndan kendi sigortal\u0131s\u0131na (akidine) kar\u015f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 dolas\u0131yla daval\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc sigorta s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin taraf\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan daval\u0131 … … aleyhine a\u00e7\u0131lan davan\u0131n pasif husumet yoklu\u011fundan reddine karar verilmesi gerekirken k\u0131smen kabul\u00fcne karar verilmesi do\u011fru g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
A\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerle, davac\u0131 vekili ile daval\u0131lar vekilinin istinaf isteminin ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 kabul\u00fcne, HMK’n\u0131n 353\/1.a.6.maddesi gere\u011fince ilk derece mahkemesi karar\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na ve yeniden inceleme yap\u0131lmak \u00fczere dosyan\u0131n mahkemesine g\u00f6nderilmesine, kald\u0131rma sebebine g\u00f6re taraf vekillerinin sair istinaf sebeplerinin \u015fimdilik incelenmesine yer olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na karar vermek gerekmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
SONU\u00c7 : Gerek\u00e7esi yukar\u0131da izah edildi\u011fi \u00fczere;<\/p>\n
1-)Davac\u0131 vekili ile daval\u0131lar vekilinin istinaf ba\u015fvurusunun ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 kabul\u00fc ile; ilk derece mahkemesi karar\u0131n\u0131n, HMK’n\u0131n 353\/1-a-6. maddesi gere\u011fince KALDIRILMASINA,<\/p>\n
Dosyan\u0131n, davan\u0131n yeniden g\u00f6r\u00fclmesi i\u00e7in mahkemesine G\u00d6NDER\u0130LMES\u0130NE, kald\u0131rma sebebine g\u00f6re davac\u0131 ve daval\u0131lar vekillerinin sair istinaf sebeplerinin \u015fimdilik incelenmesine yer olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na<\/p>\n
2-)Davac\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yat\u0131r\u0131lan 80,70 TL ile daval\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan yat\u0131r\u0131lan 161,89 TL istinaf karar ilam harc\u0131n\u0131n talepleri halinde yat\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 oranda davac\u0131 ve daval\u0131lara iadesine,<\/p>\n
3-)Davac\u0131 ve daval\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan yat\u0131r\u0131lan gider avans\u0131ndan varsa artan k\u0131sm\u0131n karar kesinle\u015fti\u011finde yat\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 oranda kendilerine iadesine,<\/p>\n
4-)\u0130stinafa gelen davac\u0131 ve daval\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan istinaf yarg\u0131lama giderlerinin ilk derece Mahkemesince verilecek kararda g\u00f6zetilmesine,<\/p>\n
5-)Karar tebli\u011fi ile har\u00e7 iade i\u015flemlerinin ilk derece mahkemesi taraf\u0131ndan yerine getirilmesine,<\/p>\n
Dosya \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan inceleme sonunda, HMK’n\u0131n 353\/1-a maddesi uyar\u0131nca KES\u0130N olmak \u00fczere 01.11.2024 tarihinde oybirli\u011fi ile karar verildi.<\/p>\n
kazanci.com<\/p>\n
\u200bAlkoll\u00fc Ara\u00e7 Kullan\u0131m\u0131 Nedeniyle Sigortac\u0131n\u0131n R\u00fccu Hakk\u0131n\u0131n De\u011ferlendirilmesi Gere\u011fi \u2013 Kusur Raporlar\u0131 Aras\u0131ndaki \u00c7eli\u015fkilerin Giderilerek Yeniden Bilirki\u015fi \u0130ncelemesi Yap\u0131lmas\u0131 Gere\u011fi – Farkl\u0131 Raporlarda Belirlenen Kusur Oranlar\u0131 Aras\u0131ndaki Farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n Giderilmesi ve Yeni Kusur Raporu Al\u0131nmas\u0131 Gere\u011fi – Sigorta S\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin Taraf\u0131 Olmayan Daval\u0131 S\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcye Y\u00f6nelik A\u00e7\u0131lan Davan\u0131n Pasif Husumet Nedeniyle Reddi Gere\u011fi\u00a0Hukuki Haber<\/p>\n
Haberin Al\u0131nt\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kaynak: www.hukukihaber.net<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T.C. ANKARA B\u00d6LGE ADL\u0130YE MAHKEMES\u0130 26. HUKUK DA\u0130RES\u0130 E. 2022\/2177 K. 2024\/1337 T. 1.11.2024 ZORUNLU MAL\u0130 SORUMLULUK S\u0130GORTASI R\u00dcCU DAVASI ( Alkoll\u00fc Ara\u00e7 Kullan\u0131m\u0131 Nedeniyle Sigortac\u0131n\u0131n R\u00fccu Hakk\u0131n\u0131n De\u011ferlendirilmesi Gere\u011fi \u2013 Kusur Raporlar\u0131 Aras\u0131ndaki \u00c7eli\u015fkilerin Giderilerek Yeniden Bilirki\u015fi \u0130ncelemesi Yap\u0131lmas\u0131 Gere\u011fi) KUSUR ORANININ BEL\u0130RLENMES\u0130 ( Farkl\u0131 Raporlarda Belirlenen Kusur Oranlar\u0131 Aras\u0131ndaki Farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n Giderilmesi ve Yeni Kusur Raporu Al\u0131nmas\u0131 Gere\u011fi ) PAS\u0130F HUSUMET ( Sigorta S\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin Taraf\u0131 Olmayan Daval\u0131 S\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcye Y\u00f6nelik A\u00e7\u0131lan Davan\u0131n Pasif Husumet Nedeniyle Reddi Gere\u011fi ) TAM KUSUR ( S\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn 1,84 Promil Alkoll\u00fc Olmas\u0131 Nedeniyle Sigortan\u0131n R\u00fccu Ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n De\u011ferlendirilmesi Gere\u011fi \u2013 Kazan\u0131n Alkol\u00fcn Etkisiyle Meydana Gelip Gelmedi\u011finin Tespit Edilmesi Gere\u011fi ) 2918\/m.97 \u00d6ZET: Dava, trafik kazas\u0131 nedeniyle sigorta \u015firketinin sigortal\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc ve i\u015fleten aleyhine ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 r\u00fccuen tazminat istemine ili\u015fkindir. 1-Mahkemece dava konusu kazada kazaya kar\u0131\u015fan ara\u00e7 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerinin kusur durumunun tespiti ve raporlar aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7eli\u015fkinin giderilmesi davac\u0131n\u0131n itirazlar\u0131n\u0131n da de\u011ferlendirilmesi amac\u0131yla varsa kazaya ili\u015fkin kamere kay\u0131tlar\u0131, hasar dosyalar\u0131, kazaya ili\u015fkin savc\u0131l\u0131k haz\u0131rl\u0131k dosyas\u0131, dava a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ise ceza dosyas\u0131, Asliye Ticaret mahkemesi dosyas\u0131 da istenerek kazan\u0131n olu\u015f \u015fekli, ifadeler ve t\u00fcm dosya kapsam\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilerek \u0130T\u00dc veya KGM Fen Heyeti gibi kurumlardan kusur raporu al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve sonucuna g\u00f6re bir karar verilmesi gerekir. 2-Mahkemece daval\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc y\u00f6n\u00fcnden davan\u0131n k\u0131smen kabul\u00fcne karar verilmi\u015f …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31951","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hukukihaber"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n