T.C.<\/p>\n
Yarg\u0131tay<\/p>\n
Ceza Genel Kurulu<\/p>\n
2020\/194 E., 2023\/72 K.<\/p>\n
“\u0130\u00e7tihat Metni”<\/p>\n
MAHKEMES\u0130: Asliye Ceza<\/p>\n
I. HUKUK\u00ce S\u00dcRE\u00c7<\/p>\n
San\u0131k …’nun su\u00e7 e\u015fyas\u0131n\u0131n sat\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 veya kabul edilmesi su\u00e7undan TCK\u2019n\u0131n 165\/1, 62, 52\/2 ve 53. maddeleri uyar\u0131nca 1 y\u0131l 3 ay hapis ve 4500 TL adli para cezas\u0131 ile cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na ve hak yoksunlu\u011funa ili\u015fkin … 10. Asliye Ceza Mahkemesince verilen 30.05.2012 tarihli ve 165-961 say\u0131l\u0131 h\u00fckm\u00fcn, san\u0131k m\u00fcdafisi taraf\u0131ndan temyiz edilmesi \u00fczerine dosyay\u0131 inceleyen Yarg\u0131tay 2. Ceza Dairesince 08.12.2015 tarih ve 19276-22574 say\u0131 ile;<\/p>\n
“San\u0131\u011f\u0131n a\u015famalarda al\u0131nan t\u00fcm ifadelerinde at\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7u i\u015flemedi\u011fini savunmas\u0131 ve su\u00e7a konu e\u015fyan\u0131n da ele ge\u00e7memesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda; hakk\u0131nda h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k su\u00e7undan ayr\u0131 dava a\u00e7\u0131lan …’un soyut su\u00e7 atmas\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda san\u0131\u011f\u0131n y\u00fcklenen su\u00e7u i\u015fledi\u011fine dair cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na yeterli, her t\u00fcrl\u00fc ku\u015fkudan uzak, hukuka uygun, kesin ve inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 kan\u0131t bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zetilmeden, beraati yerine h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne karar verilmesi,” isabetsizli\u011finden bozulmas\u0131na karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Bozma ilam\u0131 sonras\u0131 devam olunan yarg\u0131lama sonucunda Yerel Mahkemece 23.05.2016 tarih ve 1-354 say\u0131 ile; san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, at\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7tan TCK\u2019n\u0131n 165\/1, 62, 51, 52\/2. maddeleri uyar\u0131nca 5 ay hapis ve 80 TL adli para cezas\u0131 ile cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na ve hapis cezas\u0131n\u0131n ertelenmesine karar verilmi\u015ftir.
\nH\u00fckm\u00fcn, san\u0131k m\u00fcdafisi taraf\u0131ndan temyiz edilmesi \u00fczerine dosyay\u0131 inceleyen Yarg\u0131tay 2. Ceza Dairesince direnme karar\u0131n\u0131n eylemli uyma sonucu verilen yeni bir h\u00fck\u00fcm niteli\u011finde oldu\u011fu de\u011ferlendirilerek 04.03.2019 tarih ve 1426-4007 say\u0131 ile \u00f6nceki bozma sebebi do\u011frultusunda bozulmas\u0131na karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Yerel Mahkeme ise 27.06.2019 tarih ve 257-666 say\u0131 ile, “…’un ma\u011fdura ait alt\u0131nlar\u0131 \u00e7alarak … Kuyumculuk isimli … yerine satt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyip adresi tarif etti\u011fi, polisin san\u0131\u011fa ait … yerine giderek kamera kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 inceledi\u011finde belli saatlere ait g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n silindi\u011fini tespit etti\u011fi, …’un san\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha \u00f6ncesinden tan\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131, san\u0131k ile aras\u0131nda bir husumet bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, hakk\u0131nda mahk\u00fbmiyet h\u00fckm\u00fc verildikten sonra san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ma\u011fdurun zarar\u0131n\u0131 tazmin etti\u011fi, b\u00f6ylelikle at\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7u i\u015fledi\u011fi kanaatine var\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131,” \u015feklindeki gerek\u00e7e ile bozmaya direnerek \u00f6nceki h\u00fck\u00fcm gibi san\u0131\u011f\u0131n cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na karar vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Bu h\u00fckm\u00fcn de san\u0131k m\u00fcdafisi taraf\u0131ndan temyiz edilmesi \u00fczerine, Yarg\u0131tay Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n 06.01.2020 tarihli ve 90772 say\u0131l\u0131 “Bozma” istekli tebli\u011fnamesiyle dosya 6763 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 36. maddesi ile de\u011fi\u015fik 5271 say\u0131l\u0131 CMK’n\u0131n 307. maddesi uyar\u0131nca karar\u0131na direnilen Daireye g\u00f6nderilmi\u015f, ayn\u0131 madde uyar\u0131nca inceleme yapan Yarg\u0131tay 2. Ceza Dairesince 03.03.2020 tarih ve 716-3905 say\u0131 ile direnme karar\u0131n\u0131n yerinde g\u00f6r\u00fclmemesi \u00fczerine Yarg\u0131tay Birinci Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6nderilen dosya, Ceza Genel Kurulunca de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015f ve a\u00e7\u0131klanan gerek\u00e7elerle karara ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
III. UYU\u015eMAZLIK KONUSU<\/p>\n
\u00d6zel Daire ile Yerel Mahkeme aras\u0131nda olu\u015fan ve Ceza Genel Kurulunca \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenmesi gereken uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k; san\u0131\u011fa at\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7un sabit olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesine ili\u015fkindir.<\/p>\n
IV. OLAY VE OLGULAR<\/p>\n
\u0130ncelenen dosya kapsam\u0131ndan;<\/p>\n
Ma\u011fdur …\u2019nun, bak\u0131m ve sorumlulu\u011funu \u00fcstlendi\u011fi manevi o\u011flu olan …\u2019un ikametinden h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00e7ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ziynet e\u015fyas\u0131n\u0131 … Kuyumculuk isimli … yeri sahibi olan san\u0131k …\u2019na satt\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde 12.02.2012 tarihinde m\u00fcracaatta bulunmas\u0131 \u00fczerine soru\u015fturmaya ba\u015flan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131,
\n12.02.2012 tarihli tutanakta; … Kuyumculuk isimli … yerinde bulunan g\u00fcvenlik kameras\u0131n\u0131n incelenmesinde, 07.02.2012 tarihinde saat 16.44 ile 17.00; 09.02.2012 tarihinde saat 11.04 ile 11.06, saat 13.54 ile 17.59; 11.02.2012 tarihinde saat 12.10 ile 14.06, 15.46 ile 15.59, 16.05 ile 16.09 aras\u0131ndaki kay\u0131tlar\u0131n bo\u015f oldu\u011funun tespit edildi\u011fi, izlenebilen g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerde … isimli \u015fahs\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fclmedi\u011fi bilgilerine yer verildi\u011fi,<\/p>\n
San\u0131k m\u00fcdafisi taraf\u0131ndan ilk h\u00fck\u00fcm tarihinden sonra ald\u0131r\u0131lan ve … Adli Yarg\u0131 Yeminli Adli Bilirki\u015fisi taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan 17.07.2012 tarihli raporda; san\u0131\u011f\u0131n … yeri kamera g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerinin kaydedildi\u011fi bilgisayarda yap\u0131lan inceleme sonucunda, kamera kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n haftal\u0131k olarak sakland\u0131\u011f\u0131, bir sonraki haftaya girildi\u011finde yeni g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerin, \u00f6nceki kay\u0131tlar\u0131n \u00fczerine kaydedildi\u011fi, bilgisayar\u0131n elektrik kesintisi vb. bir nedenle kilitlenmesi sonras\u0131 tekrar ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kamera kay\u0131t program\u0131n\u0131n kendili\u011finden ba\u015flamad\u0131\u011f\u0131, kullan\u0131c\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n gerekti\u011fi, kay\u0131t yapan bilgisayar\u0131n yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 nedeniyle oyun veya ba\u015fkaca bir yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 durumunda kamera kayd\u0131n\u0131n kapand\u0131\u011f\u0131, ayr\u0131ca kaydedilen kamera g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerinin otomatik olarak birer saatlik dosyalar \u015feklinde sakland\u0131\u011f\u0131, istem d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kesinti ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve sistemin geri geldi\u011fi h\u00e2llerde tam saate tamamlayacak \u015fekilde bilgisayar\u0131n kayda devam etti\u011finin belirtildi\u011fi,<\/p>\n
UYAP sisteminde yap\u0131lan incelemede; … 2. \u00c7ocuk Mahkemesince 05.12.2012 tarih ve 385-978 say\u0131 ile, …\u2019un, TCK\u2019n\u0131n 142\/1-b, 31\/3 ve 62. maddeleri uyar\u0131nca 1 y\u0131l 1 ay 10 g\u00fcn hapis cezas\u0131 ile cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verildi\u011fi, h\u00fckm\u00fcn san\u0131k m\u00fcdafisi taraf\u0131ndan temyizi \u00fczerine Yarg\u0131tay 2. Ceza Dairesinin 11.11.2015 tarihli ve 15475-20452 say\u0131l\u0131 ilam\u0131 ile onanarak kesinle\u015fti\u011fi,<\/p>\n
Anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ma\u011fdur a\u015famalarda; …\u2019a dokuz ya\u015f\u0131ndan beri g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc annelik yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, …\u2019in, …\u2019de bir lisede okudu\u011funu, hafta sonlar\u0131 g\u00fcnd\u00fcz saatlerinde yan\u0131na geldi\u011fini, geceleri ise … Sitesinde bulunan \u00e7ocuk yurdunda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, 11.02.2012 tarihinde … ile evde oturduklar\u0131 s\u0131rada daha \u00f6nceden bak\u0131p b\u00fcy\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc manevi k\u0131z\u0131 …\u2019\u00fcn e\u015fi ile birlikte kendisini ziyarete geldi\u011fini, hep birlikte d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmak \u00fczere haz\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131 esnada \u00e7antas\u0131ndaki c\u00fczdanda bulunan d\u00f6rt adet alt\u0131n bilezik, sekiz adet \u00e7eyrek alt\u0131n, bir adet yar\u0131m alt\u0131n, iki adet alt\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00fck, bir \u00e7ift alt\u0131n k\u00fcpe ve kol saatini yerinde g\u00f6remedi\u011fini, bu durumu … ile konu\u015furken …\u2019in, \u00f6\u011fretmeninin kendisini \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyerek evden ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, son bir ayd\u0131r ziynet e\u015fyas\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmedi\u011fini, bu s\u00fcre zarf\u0131nda …\u2019in rahat\u00e7a eve girip \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, \u015f\u00fcphe \u00fczerine …\u2019\u00fcn, …\u2019e mesaj \u00e7ekerek alt\u0131nlar\u0131 al\u0131p almad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sordu\u011funu, …\u2019in de alt\u0131nlar\u0131 kendisinin ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde mesaja yan\u0131t verdi\u011fini, ertesi g\u00fcn …\u2019\u00fcn apartman\u0131n bah\u00e7esine at\u0131l\u0131 h\u00e2lde kol saatini ve bir \u00e7ift alt\u0131n k\u00fcpeyi buldu\u011funu, ayn\u0131 g\u00fcn …\u2019in alt\u0131nlar\u0131 satt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi\u011fi kuyumcuya giderek olay\u0131 polise haber verdiklerini, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n sonradan \u00e7al\u0131nan ziynet e\u015fyas\u0131 bedeli olan 9.500 TL\u2019yi kendisine \u00f6demesi nedeniyle \u015fik\u00e2yetini geri ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131,<\/p>\n
Tan\u0131k … …; ma\u011fdurun y\u0131llard\u0131r kendisine manevi annelik yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, b\u00fcy\u00fcy\u00fcp evlendikten sonra bu kez …\u2019un bak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcstlendi\u011fini, olay tarihinde e\u015fi ile birlikte ma\u011fduru ziyarete gittiklerini, …\u2019in de evde oldu\u011funu, birlikte d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmak \u00fczere haz\u0131rland\u0131klar\u0131 s\u0131rada ma\u011fdurun kendisine \u00e7antas\u0131ndaki ziynet e\u015fyas\u0131n\u0131 bulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi\u011fini, bu esnada …\u2019in \u201cBeni \u00f6\u011fretmenim \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131yor.\u201d diyerek evden ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, tak\u0131lar\u0131 …\u2019in \u00e7alm\u0131\u015f olabilece\u011fi konusunda aralar\u0131nda konu\u015ftuklar\u0131n\u0131, kendisinin …\u2019in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 cep telefonuna \u201cAnnem \u00e7ok k\u00f6t\u00fc, alt\u0131nlar\u0131 sen ald\u0131ysan s\u00f6yle, k\u0131zmayaca\u011f\u0131m.\u201d \u015feklinde mesaj yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, …\u2019in de \u201cBen ald\u0131m abla.\u201d \u015feklinde cevap verdi\u011fini, bunun \u00fczerine hemen …\u2019i arayarak alt\u0131nlar\u0131n nerede oldu\u011funu sordu\u011funu, …\u2019in kol saatini bah\u00e7eye att\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi\u011fini, bah\u00e7eyi kontrol etti\u011finde yerde at\u0131l\u0131 vaziyette kol saati ile bir \u00e7ift alt\u0131n k\u00fcpeyi bulup ma\u011fdura verdi\u011fini, geriye kalan alt\u0131nlar\u0131 ne yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sormak i\u00e7in yeniden arad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda …\u2019in, … Pastanesinden yukar\u0131ya \u00e7\u0131karken … Sitesinin sol taraf\u0131nda bulunan … Kuyumculuk isimli … yerine alt\u0131nlar\u0131n hepsini satt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi\u011fini, annesi ve e\u015fi ile birlikte bahse konu kuyumcu … yerine gittiklerini, … yeri sahibi olan san\u0131\u011fa son bir iki hafta i\u00e7inde e\u015fk\u00e2l bilgilerini verdi\u011fi 15-16 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki bir \u00e7ocuktan alt\u0131n al\u0131p almad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sordu\u011funu, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n alt\u0131n almad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemesi \u00fczerine polise haber verdiklerini,<\/p>\n
Hakk\u0131nda ayr\u0131 kovu\u015fturma y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen yarg\u0131lama d\u0131\u015f\u0131 san\u0131k …; ma\u011fdurun kendisine g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc annelik yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, zaman zaman ma\u011fdurun evinde kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, olay tarihinde paraya ihtiyac\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in ma\u011fdurun c\u00fczdan\u0131nda bulunan bir adet alt\u0131n bilezi\u011fi \u00e7alarak … Kuyumculuk isimli … yerinde bozdurdu\u011funu, … yeri sahibinin … isimli erkek bir \u015fah\u0131s oldu\u011funu, su\u00e7lamay\u0131 bu \u015fekilde kabul etti\u011fini, tan\u0131k … …\u2019\u0131n beyan\u0131n\u0131n okunarak sorulmas\u0131 \u00fczerine; bah\u00e7eye bir \u00e7ift k\u00fcpe ile saat att\u0131\u011f\u0131 hususunun do\u011fru oldu\u011funu, ma\u011fdurdan ne \u00e7ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeniden soruldu\u011funda ise alt\u0131n bilezik, alt\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00fck, alt\u0131n k\u00fcnye ve k\u00fcpeler ile bir adet kol saati ve \u00e7eyrek alt\u0131n \u00e7ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131,<\/p>\n
Beyan etmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n
San\u0131k a\u015famalarda; … Kuyumculuk isimli … yerinin sahibi oldu\u011funu, … yerinde kendisi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ba\u015fka birinin bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, …\u2019tan ziynet e\u015fyas\u0131 almad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, … yerine gelen g\u00fcvenlik g\u00f6revlilerinin kamera kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 izlediklerini, b\u00f6yle bir \u015fahs\u0131n … yerine gelmedi\u011fini tespit ettiklerini, kamera kay\u0131tlar\u0131nda baz\u0131 saatler aras\u0131nda bo\u015fluk bulundu\u011funu, elektrik kesintisi, bilgisayar\u0131n kapat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ya da yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131l\u0131yor olmas\u0131 veya sistem yava\u015f oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in ba\u015fka bir program\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi h\u00e2llerde kameran\u0131n kay\u0131t yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, gerekirse bu hususun bilirki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan incelenmesini istedi\u011fini, su\u00e7lamay\u0131 kabul etmedi\u011fini, ayn\u0131 … yerinde be\u015f y\u0131ld\u0131r \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, b\u00f6yle bir iddia ile ilk kez kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunmu\u015ftur.
\nSan\u0131k m\u00fcdafisi a\u015famalarda; …\u2019un kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yurt ile san\u0131\u011f\u0131n … yerinin ayn\u0131 mahallede bulundu\u011funu, …\u2019in gelip ge\u00e7erken g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kuyumcu d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015f olabilece\u011fini, tan\u0131k …\u2019\u00fcn, …\u2019in alt\u0131nlar\u0131, … Pastanesinin k\u00f6\u015fesinde bulunan san\u0131\u011f\u0131n … yerine satt\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki anlat\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7e\u011fi yans\u0131tmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, zira…Pastanesinin yan\u0131nda ve kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda iki adet ba\u015fka kuyumcu oldu\u011funu, ayr\u0131ca san\u0131\u011f\u0131n … yeri ile pastane aras\u0131nda bir bu\u00e7uk kilometre mesafe bulundu\u011funu, buna ili\u015fkin harita bilgilerini dosyaya sunduklar\u0131 h\u00e2lde mahkemece yerinde ke\u015fif yap\u0131larak bu durumun a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015fturulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, yine polis taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenen tutanakta, bo\u015f kay\u0131t g\u00f6r\u00fclen zaman aral\u0131klar\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerin silindi\u011fine ili\u015fkin bir tespit ve de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131lmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen Yerel Mahkemece g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerin san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan silindi\u011finin kabul edildi\u011fini, oysaki bilgisayar\u0131n “Alarm\/Kullan\u0131c\u0131 G\u00fcnl\u00fckleri” ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 klas\u00f6r\u00fc incelendi\u011finde bahsi ge\u00e7en bo\u015f kay\u0131tlar\u0131n, sinyal kayb\u0131 ve oturum a\u00e7ma hatas\u0131 nedenlerinden kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131labilece\u011fini, su\u00e7lamay\u0131 kabul anlam\u0131na gelmemekle birlikte san\u0131\u011f\u0131n sab\u0131kas\u0131z olmas\u0131 nedeniyle hakk\u0131nda erteleme ve h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin uygulanmas\u0131 ihtimaline binaen ma\u011fdur taraf\u0131ndan beyan edilen zarar miktar\u0131 olan 9.500 TL\u2019nin kar\u015f\u0131 tarafa \u00f6dendi\u011fine ili\u015fkin protokol d\u00fczenlendi\u011fini, ayn\u0131 metinde yarg\u0131lama sonras\u0131nda san\u0131\u011f\u0131n beraat etmesi durumunda bu miktar\u0131n san\u0131\u011fa geri \u00f6denece\u011finin de kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, buna ra\u011fmen Yerel Mahkemece, zarar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131n\u0131n san\u0131k aleyhine yorumland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ileri s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
V. GEREK\u00c7E<\/p>\n
A. \u0130lgili Mevzuat ve \u00d6\u011fretide Uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k Konusuna \u0130li\u015fkin G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler<\/p>\n
Amac\u0131 somut olayda maddi ger\u00e7e\u011fe ula\u015farak adaleti sa\u011flamak, su\u00e7 i\u015fledi\u011fi sabit olan faili cezaland\u0131rmak, kamu d\u00fczeninin bozulmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek ve bozulan kamu d\u00fczenini yeniden tesis etmek olan ceza muhakemesinin en \u00f6nemli ve evrensel nitelikteki ilkelerinden birisi de, insan haklar\u0131na dayal\u0131, demokratik rejimle y\u00f6netilen \u00fclkelerin hukuk sistemlerinde bulunmas\u0131 gereken, \u00f6\u011freti ve uygulamada; su\u00e7suzluk ya da masumiyet karinesi \u015feklinde, Latincede ise in dubio pro reo olarak ifade edilen \u015f\u00fcpheden san\u0131k yararlan\u0131r ilkesidir. Bu ilkenin \u00f6z\u00fc, ceza davas\u0131nda san\u0131\u011f\u0131n mahk\u00fbmiyetine karar verilebilmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulmas\u0131 gereken herhangi bir soruna ili\u015fkin \u015f\u00fcphenin, mutlak surette san\u0131k yarar\u0131na de\u011ferlendirilmesidir. Olduk\u00e7a geni\u015f bir uygulama alan\u0131 bulunan bu kural, dava konusu su\u00e7un i\u015flenip i\u015flenmedi\u011fi, i\u015flenmi\u015fse san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan i\u015flenip i\u015flenmedi\u011fi ya da ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirili\u015f \u015fekli hususunda herhangi bir \u015f\u00fcphe belirmesi h\u00e2linde uygulanabilece\u011fi gibi, su\u00e7 niteli\u011finin belirlenmesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da ge\u00e7erlidir. Ceza mahk\u00fbmiyeti, toplanan delillerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131na dayan\u0131l\u0131p, di\u011fer k\u0131sm\u0131 g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilerek ula\u015f\u0131lan kanaate veya herhangi bir ihtimale de\u011fil, kesin ve a\u00e7\u0131k bir ispata dayanmal\u0131, bu ispat, hi\u00e7bir \u015f\u00fcphe ya da ba\u015fka t\u00fcrl\u00fc olu\u015fa imkan vermemelidir. Y\u00fcksek de olsa bir ihtimale dayan\u0131larak san\u0131\u011f\u0131 cezaland\u0131rmak, ceza muhakemesinin en \u00f6nemli amac\u0131 olan ger\u00e7e\u011fe ula\u015fmadan h\u00fck\u00fcm vermek anlam\u0131na gelecektir.<\/p>\n
B. Somut Olayda Hukuki Nitelendirme<\/p>\n
Kuyumcu olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan san\u0131k …\u2019nun, yarg\u0131lama d\u0131\u015f\u0131 san\u0131k …\u2019un, ma\u011fdur …\u2019ndan \u00e7ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6rt adet alt\u0131n bilezik, sekiz adet \u00e7eyrek alt\u0131n, bir adet yar\u0131m alt\u0131n, iki adet alt\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k mal\u0131 oldu\u011funu bilerek sat\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n iddia ve kabul edildi\u011fi olayda;<\/p>\n
Yarg\u0131lama d\u0131\u015f\u0131 san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, ma\u011fdurdan \u00e7ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ziynet e\u015fyas\u0131n\u0131 … Kuyumculuk isimli … yerine satt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 beyan etti\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmakla birlikte, tan\u0131k … …\u2019\u0131n, yarg\u0131lama d\u0131\u015f\u0131 san\u0131\u011f\u0131n kendisine, alt\u0131nlar\u0131…Pastanesinin ilerisinde bulunan … Kuyumculuk isimli … yerine satt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemesi \u00fczerine e\u015fi ile birlikte bahse konu … yerine gittikleri y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki beyan\u0131 dikkate al\u0131narak olay\u0131n tek delilinin yarg\u0131lama d\u0131\u015f\u0131 san\u0131\u011f\u0131n soyut iddias\u0131 olup bu kapsamda, yarg\u0131lama d\u0131\u015f\u0131 san\u0131\u011fa, alt\u0131nlar\u0131 satt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ki\u015finin san\u0131k olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin usul\u00fcne uygun bir te\u015fhis ve yer g\u00f6sterme i\u015flemi yapt\u0131r\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, muhakeme a\u015famas\u0131nda da y\u00fczle\u015ftirmelerinin sa\u011flanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, ma\u011fdur ve tan\u0131\u011f\u0131n anlat\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n duyuma dayal\u0131 oldu\u011fu, kolluk taraf\u0131ndan, … yeri i\u00e7ini g\u00f6steren kamera kay\u0131tlar\u0131nda yarg\u0131lama d\u0131\u015f\u0131 san\u0131\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerine rastlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bildirildi\u011fi, bilgisayar \u00fczerinde inceleme yap\u0131lan tarihlerde ve belli zaman aral\u0131klar\u0131nda g\u00fcvenlik kameras\u0131n\u0131n kay\u0131t yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tespit edilmi\u015f ise de bo\u015f kayd\u0131n belli bir g\u00fcne \u00f6zg\u00fc olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, birka\u00e7 g\u00fcnde ve muhtelif zamanlarda kameran\u0131n kay\u0131t yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n savunmas\u0131 ile ayn\u0131 do\u011frultuda olmak \u00fczere san\u0131k m\u00fcdafisi taraf\u0131ndan ald\u0131r\u0131lan bilirki\u015fi raporunda, ba\u015fka bir yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda kameran\u0131n devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kald\u0131\u011f\u0131, elektrik kesintisi veya sinyal kayb\u0131 gibi h\u00e2llerde de kay\u0131t yap\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirtildi\u011fi, kald\u0131 ki, yarg\u0131lama d\u0131\u015f\u0131 san\u0131\u011f\u0131n su\u00e7a konu alt\u0131nlar\u0131 \u00e7ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman\u0131n ve satt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi\u011fi tarihin de belli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla farkl\u0131 g\u00fcnlerde ve birden fazla zaman aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bo\u015f kay\u0131t bulunmas\u0131 h\u00e2linin, g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri san\u0131\u011f\u0131n sildi\u011fi \u015feklinde aleyhe yorumlanamayaca\u011f\u0131, ayr\u0131ca, su\u00e7a konu ziynet e\u015fyas\u0131n\u0131n san\u0131\u011f\u0131n … yerinde ele ge\u00e7irildi\u011fine dair bir tespit i\u015fleminin de bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, san\u0131k m\u00fcdafisinin yarg\u0131lama d\u0131\u015f\u0131 san\u0131\u011f\u0131n kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yurt ile san\u0131\u011f\u0131n kuyumcu … yerinin ayn\u0131 mahallede oldu\u011fu, yarg\u0131lama d\u0131\u015f\u0131 san\u0131\u011f\u0131n gelip ge\u00e7erken \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fi … yerinin ad\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015f olabilece\u011fi, … Pastanesi yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda ba\u015fkaca iki kuyumcu d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131n daha bulundu\u011fu yolundaki sav\u0131n\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, aradan ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre nazara al\u0131narak bu y\u00f6ndeki bir ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n dosyaya yenilik getirmeyece\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, Yerel Mahkemece \u00e7al\u0131nan alt\u0131nlar\u0131n de\u011fer tespiti hususunda bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131lmamakla birlikte ma\u011fdurun su\u00e7tan kaynaklanan zarar miktar\u0131 olarak belirtti\u011fi 9.500 TL\u2019nin san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131lanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131n\u0131n, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n at\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7lamay\u0131 kabul etti\u011fi \u015feklinde yorumlanamayaca\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcm a\u015famalarda at\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7lamay\u0131 kabul etmeyen san\u0131\u011f\u0131n savunmalar\u0131 aksine yarg\u0131lama d\u0131\u015f\u0131 san\u0131k …\u2019un soyut beyan\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, at\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7u i\u015fledi\u011fine dair, her t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u015f\u00fcpheden uzak, mahk\u00fbmiyetine yeter derecede, kesin ve inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 delil bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kabul\u00fc gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n
Bu itibarla Yerel Mahkemenin direnme karar\u0131na konu h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn bozulmas\u0131na karar verilmelidir.<\/p>\n
VI. KARAR<\/p>\n
A\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerle;<\/p>\n
1- … 10. Asliye Ceza Mahkemesinin 27.06.2019 tarihli ve 257-666 say\u0131l\u0131 direnme karar\u0131na konu h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00fczerine at\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7u i\u015fledi\u011fine dair mahk\u00fbmiyetine yeterli, her t\u00fcrl\u00fc ku\u015fkudan uzak, kesin ve inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 delil bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zetilmeden beraati yerine yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde mahk\u00fbmiyetine karar verilmesi isabetsizli\u011finden BOZULMASINA,<\/p>\n
2- Dosyan\u0131n mahalline g\u00f6nderilmek \u00fczere Yarg\u0131tay Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na TEVD\u0130 ED\u0130LMES\u0130NE, 08.02.2023 tarihinde yap\u0131lan m\u00fczakerede oy birli\u011fiyle karar verildi.<\/p>\n
\u200bYarg\u0131tay Ceza Genel Kurulu’nun 08.02.2023 tarihli, 2020\/194 E., 2023\/72 K. say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131\u00a0Hukuki Haber<\/p>\n
Haberin Al\u0131nt\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kaynak: www.hukukihaber.net<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T.C. Yarg\u0131tay Ceza Genel Kurulu 2020\/194 E., 2023\/72 K. “\u0130\u00e7tihat Metni” MAHKEMES\u0130: Asliye Ceza I. HUKUK\u00ce S\u00dcRE\u00c7 San\u0131k …’nun su\u00e7 e\u015fyas\u0131n\u0131n sat\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 veya kabul edilmesi su\u00e7undan TCK\u2019n\u0131n 165\/1, 62, 52\/2 ve 53. maddeleri uyar\u0131nca 1 y\u0131l 3 ay hapis ve 4500 TL adli para cezas\u0131 ile cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na ve hak yoksunlu\u011funa ili\u015fkin … 10. Asliye Ceza Mahkemesince verilen 30.05.2012 tarihli ve 165-961 say\u0131l\u0131 h\u00fckm\u00fcn, san\u0131k m\u00fcdafisi taraf\u0131ndan temyiz edilmesi \u00fczerine dosyay\u0131 inceleyen Yarg\u0131tay 2. Ceza Dairesince 08.12.2015 tarih ve 19276-22574 say\u0131 ile; “San\u0131\u011f\u0131n a\u015famalarda al\u0131nan t\u00fcm ifadelerinde at\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7u i\u015flemedi\u011fini savunmas\u0131 ve su\u00e7a konu e\u015fyan\u0131n da ele ge\u00e7memesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda; hakk\u0131nda h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k su\u00e7undan ayr\u0131 dava a\u00e7\u0131lan …’un soyut su\u00e7 atmas\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda san\u0131\u011f\u0131n y\u00fcklenen su\u00e7u i\u015fledi\u011fine dair cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na yeterli, her t\u00fcrl\u00fc ku\u015fkudan uzak, hukuka uygun, kesin ve inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 kan\u0131t bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zetilmeden, beraati yerine h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne karar verilmesi,” isabetsizli\u011finden bozulmas\u0131na karar verilmi\u015ftir. Bozma ilam\u0131 sonras\u0131 devam olunan yarg\u0131lama sonucunda Yerel Mahkemece 23.05.2016 tarih ve 1-354 say\u0131 ile; san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, at\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7tan TCK\u2019n\u0131n 165\/1, 62, 51, 52\/2. maddeleri uyar\u0131nca 5 ay hapis ve 80 TL adli para cezas\u0131 ile cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na ve hapis cezas\u0131n\u0131n ertelenmesine karar verilmi\u015ftir. H\u00fckm\u00fcn, san\u0131k m\u00fcdafisi taraf\u0131ndan temyiz edilmesi \u00fczerine dosyay\u0131 inceleyen Yarg\u0131tay 2. Ceza Dairesince direnme karar\u0131n\u0131n eylemli uyma sonucu verilen yeni …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-133754","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hukukihaber"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n