T.C.<\/p>\n
Yarg\u0131tay<\/p>\n
12. Hukuk Dairesi<\/p>\n
2022\/6469 E., 2022\/9954 K.<\/p>\n
“\u0130\u00e7tihat Metni”<\/p>\n
MAHKEMES\u0130 : … B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesi 12. Hukuk Dairesi<\/p>\n
Yukar\u0131da tarih ve numaras\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131 B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesince verilen karar\u0131n m\u00fcddeti i\u00e7inde temyizen tetkiki daval\u0131\/bor\u00e7lu taraf\u0131ndan istenmesi \u00fczerine bu i\u015fle ilgili dosya daireye g\u00f6nderilmi\u015f olup, dava dosyas\u0131 i\u00e7in Tetkik Hakimi … taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenen rapor dinlendikten ve dosya i\u00e7erisindeki t\u00fcm belgeler okunup incelendikten sonra i\u015fin gere\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcl\u00fcp d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc:<\/p>\n
1-HUMK’nun 438. ve \u0130\u0130K’nun 366. madde h\u00fck\u00fcmleri gere\u011fince inceleme konusu i\u015fin niteli\u011fi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan temyiz tetkikat\u0131n\u0131n duru\u015fmal\u0131 olarak yap\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, bor\u00e7lunun duru\u015fma talebinin REDD\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
2-Sair temyiz itirazlar\u0131 yerinde de\u011fil ise de;
\nKiraya veren alacakl\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan kirac\u0131 bor\u00e7lu hakk\u0131nda ba\u015flat\u0131lan adi kira ve has\u0131lat kiralar\u0131na ili\u015fkin icra takibinde, alacakl\u0131n\u0131n icra mahkemesine ba\u015fvurusunda; \u00f6rnek 13 numaral\u0131 \u00f6deme emrinin tebli\u011fi \u00fczerine bor\u00e7lunun yasal s\u00fcresi i\u00e7erisinde icra m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 itiraz\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ile temerr\u00fct nedeniyle kiralanan\u0131n tahliyesinin talep edildi\u011fi, ilk derece mahkemesince, \u0130\u0130K\u2019 nun 63. maddesi uyar\u0131nca kira bedelinin kesinle\u015fti\u011fi, kira bedelinin yabanc\u0131 para alaca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinden talep edilemeyece\u011fi savunmas\u0131n\u0131n dinlenemeyece\u011fi, \u00f6deme iddias\u0131n\u0131n da ispat edilemedi\u011finden davan\u0131n kabul\u00fc ile itiraz\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na ve kirac\u0131n\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131nmazdan tahliyesine karar verildi\u011fi, karara kar\u015f\u0131 bor\u00e7lu taraf\u0131ndan istinaf yoluna ba\u015fvurulmas\u0131 \u00fczerine B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesince istinaf ba\u015fvurusunun HMK’n\u0131n 353\/1-b-1. maddesi uyar\u0131nca esastan reddine karar verildi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
\u0130cra ve \u0130flas Kanunu’nun 269\/2. maddesi h\u00fckm\u00fc gere\u011fince \u00f6deme emrinin tebli\u011fi \u00fczerine bor\u00e7lu yedi g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde itiraz sebeplerini ayn\u0131 yasan\u0131n 62. maddesi h\u00fck\u00fcmleri d\u00e2hilinde icra dairesine bildirmeye mecburdur. Bor\u00e7lu itiraz\u0131nda kira akdini ve varsa buna ait mukavelenamedeki imzas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k ve kesin olarak reddetmez ise, akdi kabul etmi\u015f say\u0131l\u0131r. Bor\u00e7lunun kira ili\u015fkisine a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmamas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u0130\u0130K’nin 269\/2. maddesi gere\u011fince kira ili\u015fkisinin kesinle\u015fti\u011finin kabul\u00fc gerekir. Kira akdini, kira bedelini ve \u00f6deme zaman\u0131 ile \u015feklini kan\u0131tlama y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc davac\u0131 alacakl\u0131ya, kira paralar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6dendi\u011fini ispat k\u00fclfeti de daval\u0131 bor\u00e7luya aittir.
\n\u00d6te yandan 12.09.2018 tarihli Resmi Gazete’de yay\u0131nlanan T\u00fcrk Paras\u0131 K\u0131ymetini Koruma Hakk\u0131nda 32 Say\u0131l\u0131 Kararda De\u011fi\u015fiklik Yap\u0131lmas\u0131na Dair Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Karar\u0131, 06.10.2018 tarihli Resmi Gazete’de Yay\u0131nlanan T\u00fcrk Paras\u0131 K\u0131ymetini Koruma Hakk\u0131nda 32 Say\u0131l\u0131 Karara \u0130li\u015fkin Tebli\u011f’de De\u011fi\u015fiklik Yap\u0131lmas\u0131na Dair Tebli\u011f, 16.11.2018 tarihli T\u00fcrk Paras\u0131 K\u0131ymetini Koruma Hakk\u0131nda 32 Say\u0131l\u0131 Karara \u0130li\u015fkin Tebli\u011f’de De\u011fi\u015fiklik Yap\u0131lmas\u0131na Dair Tebli\u011f, Hazine ve Maliye Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n 13.10.2020 tarihli Duyurusu ve meri yasal mevzuat kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda d\u00f6viz cinsinden s\u00f6zle\u015fme bedelinin ne \u015fekilde belirlenece\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
S\u00f6zle\u015fme bedeli ve bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerden kaynaklanan di\u011fer \u00f6deme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri, d\u00f6viz cinsinden ve d\u00f6vize endeksli olarak kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerin 32 Say\u0131l\u0131 Karara \u0130li\u015fkin 2008-32\/34 Say\u0131l\u0131 Tebli\u011fin 27. Maddesinde; \u201dBu madde uyar\u0131nca s\u00f6zle\u015fme bedeli ve bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerden kaynaklanan di\u011fer \u00f6deme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri d\u00f6viz cinsinden veya d\u00f6vize endeksli olarak kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerde yer alan bedellerin 32 say\u0131l\u0131 Karar\u0131n Ge\u00e7ici 8 inci maddesi kapsam\u0131nda T\u00fcrk paras\u0131 olarak taraflarca yeniden belirlenmesi zorunludur. \u201dh\u00fckm\u00fcne yer verilmi\u015ftir. Devam\u0131nda ayn\u0131 kanunun 28.maddesinde; \u201cBu madde uyar\u0131nca s\u00f6zle\u015fme bedeli ve bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerden kaynaklanan di\u011fer \u00f6deme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri d\u00f6viz cinsinden veya d\u00f6vize endeksli olarak kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerde yer alan bedeller 32 say\u0131l\u0131 Karar\u0131n Ge\u00e7ici 8 inci maddesi kapsam\u0131nda T\u00fcrk paras\u0131 olarak taraflarca yeniden belirlenirken mutabakata var\u0131lamazsa; akdedilen s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerde d\u00f6viz veya d\u00f6vize endeksli olarak belirlenen bedeller, s\u00f6z konusu bedellerin 2\/1\/2018 tarihinde belirlenen g\u00f6sterge niteli\u011findeki T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankas\u0131 efektif sat\u0131\u015f kuru kullan\u0131larak hesaplanan T\u00fcrk paras\u0131 cinsinden kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n 2\/1\/2018 tarihinden bedellerin yeniden belirlendi\u011fi tarihe kadar T\u00fcrkiye \u0130statistik Kurumunun her ay i\u00e7in belirledi\u011fi t\u00fcketici fiyat endeksi (T\u00dcFE) ayl\u0131k de\u011fi\u015fim oranlar\u0131 esas al\u0131narak art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle belirlenir.<\/p>\n
32 say\u0131l\u0131 Karar\u0131n Ge\u00e7ici 8 inci maddesinin y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011fi tarihten \u00f6nce akdedilen konut ve \u00e7at\u0131l\u0131 i\u015f yeri kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinde d\u00f6viz veya d\u00f6vize endeksli olarak belirlenen bedeller bu f\u0131kran\u0131n ilk paragraf\u0131na g\u00f6re iki y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcre i\u00e7in T\u00fcrk paras\u0131 olarak belirlenir. Ancak, T\u00fcrk paras\u0131 olarak belirlemenin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kira y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n sonundan itibaren bir y\u0131l ge\u00e7erli olmak \u00fczere; an\u0131lan paragraf uyar\u0131nca T\u00fcrk paras\u0131 olarak belirlenen kira bedeli, taraflarca belirlenirken mutabakata var\u0131lamazsa, belirleme tarihinden belirlemenin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kira y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n sonuna kadar T\u00fcrkiye \u0130statistik Kurumunun her ay i\u00e7in belirledi\u011fi t\u00fcketici fiyat endeksi (T\u00dcFE) ayl\u0131k de\u011fi\u015fim oranlar\u0131 esas al\u0131narak art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 yoluyla belirlenir. Bir sonraki kira y\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk paras\u0131 cinsinden kira bedeli ise, taraflarca belirlenirken mutabakata var\u0131lamazsa, \u00f6nceki kira y\u0131l\u0131nda ge\u00e7erli olan kira bedelinin T\u00fcrkiye \u0130statistik Kurumunun belirledi\u011fi t\u00fcketici fiyat endeksi (T\u00dcFE) ayl\u0131k de\u011fi\u015fim oranlar\u0131 esas al\u0131narak art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 yoluyla belirlenir ve belirlenen T\u00fcrk paras\u0131 cinsinden kira bedeli bu f\u0131krada belirtilen iki y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcrenin sonuna kadar ge\u00e7erli olur.<\/p>\n
Bu madde uyar\u0131nca s\u00f6zle\u015fme bedeli ve bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerden kaynaklanan di\u011fer \u00f6deme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri d\u00f6viz cinsinden veya d\u00f6vize endeksli olarak kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerde tahsili yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f veya gecikmi\u015f alacaklar ile gayrimenkul kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri kapsam\u0131nda verilen depozitolar ve s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerin ifas\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda dola\u015f\u0131ma girmi\u015f k\u0131ymetli evraklar i\u00e7in bu f\u0131kra h\u00fckm\u00fc uygulanmaz.\u201d h\u00fckm\u00fc d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Bu maddeler uyar\u0131nca i\u015fbu karar\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fck tarihinden \u00f6nce taraflar aras\u0131nda akdedilen s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerdeki d\u00f6viz cinsinden kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bulunan bedeller belirtilen istisnalar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda taraflarca yeniden belirlenece\u011fi, yeniden belirleme konusunda taraflar aras\u0131nda mutabakata var\u0131lmazsa yukar\u0131da yer alan d\u00fczenlemeye g\u00f6re kira bedelinin tespit edilmesi gerekti\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Yine TBK’n\u0131n 26\u2019nc\u0131 maddesinde; “Taraflar, bir s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin i\u00e7eri\u011fini kanunda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen s\u0131n\u0131rlar i\u00e7inde \u00f6zg\u00fcrce belirleyebilirler.” h\u00fckm\u00fcne yer verilmekle ayn\u0131 kanunun 27\/1. maddesinde ise; kanunun emredici h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine, ahlaka, kamu d\u00fczenine, ki\u015filik haklar\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 veya konusu imkans\u0131z olan s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerin kesin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fcz olaca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. T\u00fcrk paras\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131ymetinin korunmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011fe konulan mevzuatta 2018 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lan de\u011fi\u015fiklik ile d\u00f6viz cinsinden ve d\u00f6vize endeksli olarak s\u00f6zle\u015fme yapma \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne s\u0131n\u0131rlama getirilmekle ekonomik kamu d\u00fczeninin korunmas\u0131 ama\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015f olup bu durumun mahkemelerce resen dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n
Yukar\u0131da bahsedilen yasal d\u00fczenlemeler b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde somut olayda, taraflar aras\u0131nda 30\/12\/2010-30\/12\/2020 tarihleri aras\u0131 belirli s\u00fcreli kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi imzaland\u0131\u011f\u0131, s\u00f6zle\u015fme bedelinin her y\u0131l 50.000 Euro olarak \u00f6denmesi kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, s\u00f6zle\u015fme s\u00fcresinin taraflarca uzat\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fczerine kiraya veren alacakl\u0131n\u0131n 31\/12\/2020-30\/12\/2021 tarihli kira d\u00f6neminden eksik kalan 15.687,12 Euro kira alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6denmesini talep etti\u011fi taraflar aras\u0131nda kira bedelinin \u00f6denmesi konusunda mutabakata var\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
O halde mahkemece \u0130\u0130K\u2019nun 63. maddesi uyar\u0131nca icra dairesinde ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclmeyen sebeplerin yarg\u0131lamada dinlenemeyece\u011finden takibe konu d\u00f6vize endeksli kira bedeli konusunda inceleme yap\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esi hatal\u0131d\u0131r. Kamu d\u00fczeni ile ilgili bu de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fin de\u011ferlendirilmesi ile olu\u015facak sonuca g\u00f6re karar verilmesi gerekirken yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde h\u00fck\u00fcm tesisi isabetsiz olup B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesi karar\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131larak \u0130lk Derece Mahkemesi karar\u0131n\u0131n bozulmas\u0131na karar vermek gerekmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
SONU\u00c7 :<\/p>\n
Bor\u00e7lunun temyiz isteminin k\u0131smen kabul\u00fc ile yukar\u0131da yaz\u0131l\u0131 nedenlerle 5311 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun ile de\u011fi\u015fik \u0130\u0130K’nun 364\/2. maddesinin g\u00f6ndermesiyle uygulanmas\u0131 gereken 6100 say\u0131l\u0131 HMK’nun 373\/1. maddesi uyar\u0131nca, … B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesi 12. Hukuk Dairesinin 13.04.2022 tarih ve 2022\/830 E. 2022\/1089 K. say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131n\u0131n (KALDIRILMASINA), … \u0130cra Hukuk Mahkemesinin 22.02.2022 tarih ve 2021\/167E.-2022\/77 K. say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131n\u0131n (BOZULMASINA), pe\u015fin al\u0131nan temyiz harc\u0131n\u0131n istek halinde iadesine, dosyan\u0131n \u0130lk Derece Mahkemesine, karar\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011finin de B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesine g\u00f6nderilmesine, 06\/10\/2022 tarihinde oy birli\u011fiyle karar verildi.<\/p>\n
\u200bYarg\u0131tay 12. Hukuk Dairesi\u2019nin 06\/10\/2022 tarihli 2022\/6469 Esas 2022\/9954 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131\u00a0Hukuki Haber<\/p>\n
Haberin Al\u0131nt\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kaynak: www.hukukihaber.net<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T.C. Yarg\u0131tay 12. Hukuk Dairesi 2022\/6469 E., 2022\/9954 K. “\u0130\u00e7tihat Metni” MAHKEMES\u0130 : … B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesi 12. Hukuk Dairesi Yukar\u0131da tarih ve numaras\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131 B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesince verilen karar\u0131n m\u00fcddeti i\u00e7inde temyizen tetkiki daval\u0131\/bor\u00e7lu taraf\u0131ndan istenmesi \u00fczerine bu i\u015fle ilgili dosya daireye g\u00f6nderilmi\u015f olup, dava dosyas\u0131 i\u00e7in Tetkik Hakimi … taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenen rapor dinlendikten ve dosya i\u00e7erisindeki t\u00fcm belgeler okunup incelendikten sonra i\u015fin gere\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcl\u00fcp d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc: 1-HUMK’nun 438. ve \u0130\u0130K’nun 366. madde h\u00fck\u00fcmleri gere\u011fince inceleme konusu i\u015fin niteli\u011fi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan temyiz tetkikat\u0131n\u0131n duru\u015fmal\u0131 olarak yap\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, bor\u00e7lunun duru\u015fma talebinin REDD\u0130NE, 2-Sair temyiz itirazlar\u0131 yerinde de\u011fil ise de; Kiraya veren alacakl\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan kirac\u0131 bor\u00e7lu hakk\u0131nda ba\u015flat\u0131lan adi kira ve has\u0131lat kiralar\u0131na ili\u015fkin icra takibinde, alacakl\u0131n\u0131n icra mahkemesine ba\u015fvurusunda; \u00f6rnek 13 numaral\u0131 \u00f6deme emrinin tebli\u011fi \u00fczerine bor\u00e7lunun yasal s\u00fcresi i\u00e7erisinde icra m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 itiraz\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ile temerr\u00fct nedeniyle kiralanan\u0131n tahliyesinin talep edildi\u011fi, ilk derece mahkemesince, \u0130\u0130K\u2019 nun 63. maddesi uyar\u0131nca kira bedelinin kesinle\u015fti\u011fi, kira bedelinin yabanc\u0131 para alaca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinden talep edilemeyece\u011fi savunmas\u0131n\u0131n dinlenemeyece\u011fi, \u00f6deme iddias\u0131n\u0131n da ispat edilemedi\u011finden davan\u0131n kabul\u00fc ile itiraz\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na ve kirac\u0131n\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131nmazdan tahliyesine karar verildi\u011fi, karara kar\u015f\u0131 bor\u00e7lu taraf\u0131ndan istinaf yoluna ba\u015fvurulmas\u0131 \u00fczerine B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesince istinaf ba\u015fvurusunun HMK’n\u0131n 353\/1-b-1. maddesi uyar\u0131nca esastan reddine karar verildi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-70537","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hukukihaber"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n