T\u00dcRK\u0130YE CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130<\/p>\n
ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130<\/p>\n
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KARAR<\/p>\n
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S\u00dcLEYMAN \u00dcNER BA\u015eVURUSU<\/p>\n
(Ba\u015fvuru Numaras\u0131: 2020\/29376)<\/p>\n
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Karar Tarihi: 24\/10\/2024<\/p>\n
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KARAR<\/p>\n
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Ba\u015fkan<\/p>\n
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Basri BA\u011eCI<\/p>\n
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Engin YILDIRIM<\/p>\n
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R\u0131dvan G\u00dcLE\u00c7<\/p>\n
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Kenan YA\u015eAR<\/p>\n
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\u00d6mer \u00c7INAR<\/p>\n
Raport\u00f6r<\/p>\n
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Mustafa Erdem ATLIHAN<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fvurucu<\/p>\n
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S\u00fcleyman \u00dcNER<\/p>\n
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I. BA\u015eVURUNUN \u00d6ZET\u0130<\/p>\n
1. Ba\u015fvuru, ceza infaz kurumunda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen \u00fcst ve e\u015fya arama uygulamas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bu uygulamaya y\u00f6nelik itiraz\u0131n reddi nedeniyle ki\u015finin maddi ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 ve geli\u015ftirilmesi hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fi iddias\u0131na ili\u015fkindir.<\/p>\n
2. Ba\u015fvurucu, ba\u015fvuru tarihi itibar\u0131yla tutuklu s\u0131fat\u0131yla Marmara 5 Numaral\u0131 L Tipi Kapal\u0131 Ceza \u0130nfaz Kurumunda (Kurum) ve tek ki\u015filik odada bulunmakta; \u00f6\u011fleden \u00f6nce ve sonra olmak \u00fczere her g\u00fcn iki defa havaland\u0131rma imk\u00e2n\u0131ndan faydalanmaktad\u0131r. Ba\u015fvurucu, odas\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ve havaland\u0131rma alan\u0131na girerken \u00fcst aramas\u0131na tabi tutuldu\u011funu, bu uygulaman\u0131n odas\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde de tekrar edildi\u011fini, \u00fcst\u00fcn\u00fcn ve varsa yan\u0131ndaki e\u015fyalar\u0131n her g\u00fcn sekiz kez arand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ayn\u0131 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde revire, kapal\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe veya bir ba\u015fka yere gidecekse bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 odadan \u00e7\u0131karken ve odaya girerken ayn\u0131 uygulaman\u0131n tekrar edildi\u011fini ifade etmi\u015f; s\u00f6z konusu uygulaman\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 istemiyle Silivri \u0130nfaz H\u00e2kimli\u011fi nezdinde talepte bulunmu\u015ftur. Ba\u015fvurucu, talep dilek\u00e7esinde araman\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fme \u015fekline\/personelin herhangi bir eylemine ili\u015fkin bir itiraz ileri s\u00fcrmemi\u015f; yasal olmayan bu uygulaman\u0131n s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve s\u00fcresi nedeniyle b\u0131kt\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 ve bezdirici oldu\u011funu ileri s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
3. \u0130nfaz H\u00e2kimli\u011fi konuya ili\u015fkin olarak Kurumdan edinilen bilgi do\u011frultusunda 13\/12\/2004 tarihli ve 5275 Say\u0131l\u0131 Ceza ve G\u00fcvenlik Tedbirlerinin \u0130nfaz\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Kanun’un 86. maddesinin (6) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131nda, 6\/4\/2006 tarihli ve 26131 say\u0131l\u0131 Resm\u00ee Gazete’de yay\u0131mlanan Ceza \u0130nfaz Kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n Y\u00f6netimi ile Ceza ve G\u00fcvenlik Tedbirlerinin \u0130nfaz\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda T\u00fcz\u00fck’\u00fcn 46. maddesinde, 17\/6\/2005 tarihli ve 25848 say\u0131l\u0131 Resm\u00ee Gazete’de yay\u0131mlanan H\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc ve Tutuklular\u0131n Ziyaret Edilmeleri Hakk\u0131nda Y\u00f6netmelik’in 5. maddesinin (m) ve (n) f\u0131kralar\u0131nda tutuklu ve h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fclerin \u00fcst ve e\u015fya aramalar\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, bu kapsamda h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fclerin odalar\u0131na giri\u015f ve \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar\u0131nda ayr\u0131 yerlerde ve farkl\u0131 memurlarca \u00fcst ve e\u015fya aramas\u0131na tabi tutulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fclerin oda ve eklentilerinde her zaman habersiz olarak \u00fcst ve e\u015fya aramas\u0131 yap\u0131labilece\u011finin d\u00fczenledi\u011fi, bu nedenle Kurumun uygulamas\u0131nda usul ve kanuna ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle 21\/7\/2020 tarihli karar\u0131 ile ba\u015fvurucunun talebini reddetmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fvurucunun ilk talep dilek\u00e7esindeki iddialara benzer hususlar\u0131 ileri s\u00fcrerek a\u011f\u0131r ceza mahkemesi nezdinde karara kar\u015f\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 itiraz 12\/8\/2020 tarihinde reddedilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
4. Ba\u015fvurucu, nihai h\u00fckm\u00fc 2\/9\/2020 tarihinde \u00f6\u011frenmesinin ard\u0131ndan 10\/9\/2020 tarihinde bireysel ba\u015fvuruda bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
5. Ulusal Yarg\u0131 A\u011f\u0131 Bili\u015fim Sistemi (UYAP) \u00fczerinden yap\u0131lan incelemede ba\u015fvurucu, Fetullah\u00e7\u0131 Ter\u00f6r \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\/Paralel Devlet Yap\u0131lanmas\u0131na (FET\u00d6\/PDY) \u00fcye olma su\u00e7undan a\u011f\u0131r ceza mahkemesinin 3\/5\/2018 tarihli karar\u0131yla hapis cezas\u0131na mahk\u00fbm edilmi\u015f; 27\/11\/2020 tarihinde denetimli serbestlik kapsam\u0131nda tahliye edilerek serbest b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
II. DE\u011eERLEND\u0130RME<\/p>\n
6. \u00d6deme g\u00fcc\u00fcnden yoksun oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lan ba\u015fvurucunun adli yard\u0131m talebinin kabul\u00fcne karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
A. Maddi ve Manevi Varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n Korunmas\u0131 ve Geli\u015ftirilmesi Hakk\u0131n\u0131n \u0130hlal Edildi\u011fine \u0130li\u015fkin \u0130ddia<\/p>\n
7. Ba\u015fvurucu, Kurumda havaland\u0131rma bah\u00e7esine \u00e7\u0131karken giri\u015fte ve \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015fta iki\u015fer kere olmak \u00fczere g\u00fcnde en az sekiz kere ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen \u00fcst ve e\u015fya aramas\u0131 uygulamas\u0131 i\u00e7in 5275 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun ve ilgili mevzuat\u0131n arad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ko\u015fullar\u0131n olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve s\u0131k aral\u0131klarda tekrar eden bu uygulaman\u0131n b\u0131kt\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 ve bezdirici oldu\u011funu belirterek ihlal iddias\u0131nda bulunmu\u015ftur. Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Bakanl\u0131k) g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde olaya ili\u015fkin s\u00fcrece detayl\u0131 olarak yer verilmi\u015f, konuya ili\u015fkin insan haklar\u0131 yarg\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7tihad\u0131 hat\u0131rlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131l\u0131rken bu hususlar\u0131n dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi ifade edilmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fvurucu, Bakanl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 beyanda bulunmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
8. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n iddian\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesinde dayanak al\u0131nacak “Ki\u015finin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131, maddi ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131” kenar ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 17. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n ilgili k\u0131sm\u0131 ile \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
“Herkes … madd\u00ee ve manev\u00ee varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruma ve geli\u015ftirme hakk\u0131na sahiptir.<\/p>\n
Kimseye i\u015fkence ve eziyet yap\u0131lamaz; kimse insan haysiyetiyle ba\u011fda\u015fmayan bir cezaya veya muameleye tabi tutulamaz.”<\/p>\n
9. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131nda kimseye i\u015fkence, eziyet yap\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131 ve kimsenin insan haysiyetiyle ba\u011fda\u015fmayan muamele ve cezaya tabi tutulamayaca\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Belirtilen d\u00fczenlemede yer alan ifadeler aras\u0131nda bir yo\u011funluk fark\u0131 bulunmakta olup ki\u015finin maddi ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne en a\u011f\u0131r \u015fekilde zarar veren muamelelerin i\u015fkence, bu seviyeye varmayan fakat yine de v\u00fccutta zarar ya da yo\u011fun fiziksel veya ruhsal \u0131zd\u0131rap veren insanl\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131 muamelelerin eziyet, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc ve al\u00e7alt\u0131c\u0131 nitelikteki daha hafif muamelelerin ise insan haysiyetiyle ba\u011fda\u015fmayan muamele veya ceza olarak belirlenmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr (Tahir Canan, B. No: 2012\/969, 18\/9\/2013, \u00a7 22).<\/p>\n
10. Ancak bir eylemin Anayasa’n\u0131n 17. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n kapsam\u0131na girebilmesi i\u00e7in asgari a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k e\u015fi\u011fine ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekir. Bu asgari e\u015fi\u011fin a\u015f\u0131l\u0131p a\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesinde her somut olay\u0131n \u00f6zellikleri dikkate al\u0131narak de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131lmas\u0131 esast\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamda muamelenin s\u00fcresi, fiziksel ve manevi etkileri ile ma\u011fdurun cinsiyeti, ya\u015f\u0131 ve sa\u011fl\u0131k durumu gibi fakt\u00f6rler \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r (Tahir Canan, \u00a7 23).<\/p>\n
11. Bu tespitlerden de anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere do\u011fas\u0131 gere\u011fi cezalar\u0131n veya menfi hareket ve eylemler ile olumsuz hayat deneyimlerinin ki\u015finin fiziksel ve ruhsal de\u011ferlerini etkilemesi, ki\u015fide stres, \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fc ve sair menfi tezah\u00fcrlere yol a\u00e7mas\u0131 bu etkileri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6zellikle k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc muamele kavram\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bununla birlikte bu eylemlerin Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesi anlam\u0131nda i\u015fkence, eziyet veya haysiyetle ba\u011fda\u015fmayan muamele veya ceza olarak nitelendirilebilmesi i\u00e7in ma\u011fdurun subjektif niteliklerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra muamelenin \u015fekli ve y\u00f6ntemi ile \u00f6zellikle meydana getirdi\u011fi fiziksel ve ruhsal etkiler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011fa ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekmektedir (I\u015f\u0131l Yayk\u0131r, B. No: 2013\/2284, 15\/4\/2014, \u00a7 35).<\/p>\n
12. Somut olayda ba\u015fvurucu, \u00fcst ve e\u015fya arama uygulamas\u0131n\u0131n keyf\u00ee oldu\u011funu, bu s\u0131kl\u0131kta icra edilmesinin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lay\u0131c\u0131 ve onur k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 oldu\u011funu belirterek bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ko\u011fu\u015fta ayda bir yap\u0131lan aramalarda uygunsuz bir \u015fey bulunamamas\u0131 da g\u00f6z\u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda uygulaman\u0131n gereksizli\u011fine vurgu yapm\u0131\u015f; k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015fvurunun \u0130nfaz H\u00e2kimli\u011fi taraf\u0131ndan reddedilmesi nedeniyle adil yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131n\u0131n ve etkili ba\u015fvuru hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ba\u015fvurucu; uygulaman\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fme bi\u00e7imine, bir ba\u015fka ifadeyle arama yap\u0131l\u0131rken Ceza \u0130nfaz Kurumu personelinin eylemine, uygulama s\u0131ras\u0131nda g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc muameleye dair bir ihlal iddias\u0131nda bulunmam\u0131\u015f; uygulaman\u0131n s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ve bu s\u0131kl\u0131kla uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n gerek\u00e7esinin olmamas\u0131ndan yak\u0131nm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda salt belli bir s\u0131kl\u0131kta ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen araman\u0131n yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0131zd\u0131rab\u0131n Anayasa’n\u0131n 17. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerin harekete ge\u00e7ebilmesi i\u00e7in aranan asgari e\u015fi\u011fi a\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenemez. Bu nedenle ba\u015fvurucunun \u015fik\u00e2yetinin Anayasa’n\u0131n 17. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda yer alan ki\u015finin maddi ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 koruma ve geli\u015ftirme hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilmesi uygun g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
13. A\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a dayanaktan yoksun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kabul edilemezli\u011fine karar verilmesini gerektirecek ba\u015fka bir neden de bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lan maddi ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n korunmas\u0131 ve geli\u015ftirilmesi hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine ili\u015fkin iddian\u0131n kabul edilebilir oldu\u011funa karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
14. Devletin maddi ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n korunmas\u0131 ve geli\u015ftirilmesi hakk\u0131na sayg\u0131 g\u00f6sterme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00f6ncelikle kamu otoritelerinin bu hakka m\u00fcdahale etmemelerini gerektirir. Bununla birlikte an\u0131lan hakka etkili bir bi\u00e7imde sayg\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131 teminen devletin pozitif y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri de bulunmaktad\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu pozitif y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler, bireyler aras\u0131 ili\u015fkiler alan\u0131nda olsa da belirtilen haklara sayg\u0131y\u0131 sa\u011flamaya y\u00f6nelik tedbirlerin al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 zorunlu k\u0131lar. Ayr\u0131ca s\u00f6z konusu sayg\u0131n\u0131n bir gere\u011fi olarak negatif ve pozitif y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerin yerine getirilmesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda bireylerin an\u0131lan haklar\u0131n\u0131 tam anlam\u0131yla kullanabilmeleri i\u00e7in usule ili\u015fkin etkili g\u00fcvencelerden yararland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 da sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r (Cezmi Demir ve di\u011ferleri, B. No: 2013\/293, 17\/7\/2014, \u00a7 81; Murat At\u0131lgan, B. No: 2013\/9047, 7\/5\/2015, \u00a7 22; Marcus Frank Cerny [GK], B. No: 2013\/5126, 2\/7\/2015, \u00a7 36; Ata T\u00fcrkeri, B. No: 2013\/6057, 16\/12\/2015, \u00a7\u00a7 31-34; H\u00fcdayi Erco\u015fkun, B. No: 2013\/6235, 10\/3\/2016, \u00a7 90; E.G., [GK], B. No: 2014\/12428, 13\/10\/2016, \u00a7 68; Semra \u00d6zel \u00dcner, B. No: 2014\/12009, 26\/10\/2016, \u00a7 35).<\/p>\n
15. Tutuklu ve h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcler ceza infaz kurumu y\u00f6netiminin sorumluluk ve kontrol\u00fcne tabidir. Salt arama yap\u0131lmas\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc ve tutuklular a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan tek ba\u015f\u0131na Anayasa’n\u0131n 17. maddesini ihlal eden bir durum olarak de\u011ferlendirilemez. Nitekim bu t\u00fcr bir aramayla ceza infaz kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011finin sa\u011flanmas\u0131, h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc ve tutuklular\u0131n kurum i\u00e7inde kendilerine, di\u011fer h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc\/tutuklara ve infaz koruma memurlar\u0131na zarar verecek veya su\u00e7 olu\u015fturacak \u015fekilde kuruma uyu\u015fturucu maddelerin, kesici ve delici aletlerin sokulmas\u0131n\u0131n engellenmesi ama\u00e7lanmaktad\u0131r. Bununla birlikte araman\u0131n yap\u0131lma \u015fekli, s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya itibar azalt\u0131c\u0131 unsurlar i\u00e7ermesi ihlale yol a\u00e7abilir. Ceza infaz kurumlar\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc ve tutuklular, Anayasa’da d\u00fczenlenen temel hak ve h\u00fcrriyetlerin tamam\u0131na kural olarak sahiptir. Ancak tutulman\u0131n ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz sonucu olarak su\u00e7un \u00f6nlenmesi ve disiplinin temini gibi ceza infaz kurumunda g\u00fcvenli\u011fin sa\u011flanmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik kabul edilebilir makul gerekliliklerin olmas\u0131 durumunda h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc ve tutuklular\u0131n sahip oldu\u011fu haklar \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesi g\u00f6zard\u0131 edilmeden s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131labilir. M\u00fcdahaleyi olu\u015fturan tedbirin zorunlu bir toplumsal ihtiyac\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kabul edilebilmesi i\u00e7in amaca ula\u015fmaya elveri\u015fli olmas\u0131, ba\u015fvurulabilecek en son \u00e7are ve al\u0131nabilecek en hafif \u00f6nlem olarak kendisini g\u00f6stermesi gerekir. M\u00fcdahalenin demokratik toplum d\u00fczeninin gereklerine uygun olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 incelenirken mahkemelerin kararlar\u0131nda ortaya konulan gerek\u00e7eler de\u011ferlendirilmeli, m\u00fcdahaleyi do\u011furan gerek\u00e7elerin inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 \u015fekilde ortaya konulup konulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve m\u00fcdahalenin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesine uygun olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na bak\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r (Ali R\u0131za \u00d6zer ve di\u011ferleri [GK], B. No: 2013\/3924, 6\/1\/2015; Serdar Avci, B. No: 2015\/19474, 9\/1\/2020; Cengiz Kahraman ve Kenan \u00d6zy\u00fcrek, B. No: 2013\/8137, 20\/4\/2016; S.D., B. No: 2013\/3017, 16\/12\/2015; Turan G\u00fcnana (5), B. No: 2013\/5545, 15\/12\/2015; Ferhat \u00dcst\u00fcnda\u011f, B. No: 2014\/15428, 17\/7\/2018; Be\u015fir Do\u011fan, B. No: 2013\/2335, 15\/12\/2015.)<\/p>\n
16. \u00dcst aramas\u0131 uygulamas\u0131na dair m\u00fcdahalenin dayana\u011f\u0131 olan 5275 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 36. maddesinin (1) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan “Kurumlarda, odalar ve eklentilerinde, h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fclerin \u00fcst ve e\u015fyas\u0131nda habersiz olarak her zaman arama yap\u0131labilir.” d\u00fczenlemesinin kanunilik \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. \u0130nfaz H\u00e2kimli\u011fi’nin yukar\u0131dayer verilen (bkz.\u00a7 3) d\u00fczenleme ile birlikte karar\u0131n\u0131 dayand\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 5275 Say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 86. maddesinin (6) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131nda yer bulan “H\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcler, odalar\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015flerinde ayr\u0131 yerlerde ve farkl\u0131 memurlarca \u00fcst ve e\u015fya aramas\u0131na t\u00e2bi tutulurlar.” h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn ise; an\u0131lan h\u00fckm\u00fcn “Ziyaret ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerde uyulacak esaslar” kenar ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f olmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda kanunilik \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct\u00fc de\u011ferlendirmesinde kullan\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Di\u011fer taraftan ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda uygulanan \u00fcst aramas\u0131 tedbirinin me\u015fru bir amac\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n da de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n
17. Bu de\u011ferlendirme ise yukar\u0131da al\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 yap\u0131lan ilkelerde de ifade edildi\u011fi \u00fczere ancak m\u00fcdahaleyi do\u011furan gerek\u00e7elerin ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla me\u015fru amac\u0131n inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 \u015fekilde ortaya konulup konulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n belirlenmesi yoluyla yap\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n
18. Anayasa Mahkemesi Tahsin \u0130\u015flekel (2) (B. No: 2020\/17435, 24\/5\/2023, \u00a7 12)karar\u0131nda da belirtmi\u015f oldu\u011fu \u00fczere ceza infaz kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011finin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden \u00fcst aramas\u0131gibi \u00f6nlemlerin \u00f6neminin bilincinde oldu\u011funu tekrar eder (bkz.\u00a7 15). Bununla birlikte, bir \u00f6nceki paragrafta da belirtildi\u011fi gibi kamu makamlar\u0131n\u0131n devletin g\u00f6zetimi ve kontrol\u00fc alt\u0131nda olan ki\u015filere yap\u0131lan m\u00fcdahalelere ili\u015fkin olarak makul, ilgili ve yeterli gerek\u00e7e ortaya koyma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc alt\u0131nda oldu\u011funun da vurgulanmas\u0131 gerekir. Mevcut ba\u015fvurunun ko\u015fullar\u0131 g\u00f6zetildi\u011finde kamu makamlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan ba\u015fvurucunun hangi gerek\u00e7eyle ve ama\u00e7la bu yo\u011funlukta bir aramaya tabi tutuldu\u011funa ili\u015fkin bir a\u00e7\u0131klama yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u0130nfaz H\u00e2kimli\u011fi karar gerek\u00e7esinde de ba\u015fvurucuya havaland\u0131rma bah\u00e7esine \u00e7\u0131karken giri\u015fte ve \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015fta iki\u015fer kere olmak \u00fczere g\u00fcnde en az sekiz kere ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen \u00fcst ve e\u015fya aramas\u0131 uygulamas\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131yor olmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin bir a\u00e7\u0131klama yap\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n, uygulaman\u0131n 5275 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 36. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda yer verilen “Kurumlarda, odalar ve eklentilerinde, h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fclerin \u00fcst ve e\u015fyas\u0131nda habersiz olarak her zaman arama yap\u0131labilir.” h\u00fckm\u00fc \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ifadesiyle yetinilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, bu karar\u0131n ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda uygulanan \u00fcst aramas\u0131 tedbirinin bu \u015fekilde yap\u0131l\u0131yor olmas\u0131n\u0131n me\u015fru amac\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koymak bak\u0131m\u0131ndan yetersiz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna var\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Var\u0131lan bu sonu\u00e7 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda tedbirin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ayr\u0131ca inceleme yap\u0131lmas\u0131na gerek yoktur.<\/p>\n
19. A\u00e7\u0131klanan gerek\u00e7eyle ba\u015fvurucunun Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan ki\u015finin maddi ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 ve geli\u015ftirilmesi hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
B. Di\u011fer \u0130hlal \u0130ddialar\u0131<\/p>\n
20. Ba\u015fvurucunun ayn\u0131 durumda oldu\u011fu di\u011fer mahpuslar\u0131n aksine tek ki\u015filik odada bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, bu nedenle de ba\u015fvuru konusu etti\u011fi arama uygulamas\u0131na tabi tutulmas\u0131 sebebiyle ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine ili\u015fkin iddias\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde ise bir ihlalin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k oldu\u011fundan a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a dayanaktan yoksun olmas\u0131 nedeniyle kabul edilemez oldu\u011funa karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
III. G\u0130DER\u0130M<\/p>\n
21. Ba\u015fvurucu ihlalin tespiti ve tazminat talebinde bulunmu\u015ftur. Anayasa Mahkemesince yap\u0131lan inceleme sonucunda \u0130nfaz H\u00e2kimli\u011fi karar\u0131nda yeterli gerek\u00e7e g\u00f6sterilmemi\u015f olmas\u0131 nedeniyle Anayasa’n\u0131n 17. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine karar verilmi\u015ftir. Bu itibarla ihlalin mahkeme karar\u0131ndan kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak bireysel ba\u015fvuruda bulunduktan sonra ba\u015fvurucunun tahliye oldu\u011fu ve h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck h\u00e2linin sona erdi\u011fi tespit edilmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fvuru konusu olayda ihlalin ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lmas\u0131nda hukuki yarar bulunmamaktad\u0131r. \u00d6te yandan somut olayda ihlalin tespit edilmesinin ba\u015fvurucunun u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zararlar\u0131n giderilmesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan yetersiz kalaca\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Eski h\u00e2le getirme kural\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde ihlalin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in ba\u015fvurucuya manevi zararlar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda maddi ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n korunmas\u0131 ve geli\u015ftirilmesi hakk\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden net 30.000 TL manevi tazminat\u0131n \u00f6denmesine karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
IV. H\u00dcK\u00dcM<\/p>\n
A\u00e7\u0131klanan gerek\u00e7elerle;<\/p>\n
A. Adli yard\u0131m talebinin KABUL\u00dcNE,<\/p>\n
B. 1. Maddi ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n korunmas\u0131 ve geli\u015ftirilmesi hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine ili\u015fkin iddian\u0131n KABUL ED\u0130LEB\u0130L\u0130R OLDU\u011eUNA,<\/p>\n
2. Ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine ili\u015fkin iddian\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a dayanaktan yoksun olmas\u0131 nedeniyle KABUL ED\u0130LEMEZ OLDU\u011eUNA,<\/p>\n
C. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesinde g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan maddi ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n korunmas\u0131 ve geli\u015ftirilmesi hakk\u0131n\u0131n \u0130HLAL ED\u0130LD\u0130\u011e\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
D. Ba\u015fvurucuya net 30.000 TL manevi tazminat \u00d6DENMES\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
E. \u00d6demenin karar\u0131n tebli\u011fini takiben ba\u015fvurucunun Hazine ve Maliye Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u015fvuru tarihinden itibaren d\u00f6rt ay i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lmas\u0131na, \u00f6demede gecikme olmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde bu s\u00fcrenin sona erdi\u011fi tarihten \u00f6deme tarihine kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre i\u00e7in yasal FA\u0130Z UYGULANMASINA,<\/p>\n
F. Karar\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011finin Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na G\u00d6NDER\u0130LMES\u0130NE 24\/10\/2024 tarihinde OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE karar verildi.<\/p>\n
\u200bAnayasa Mahkemesi’nin 24\/10\/2024 tarihli ve 2020\/29376 ba\u015fvuru numaral\u0131 karar\u0131\u00a0Hukuki Haber<\/p>\n
Haberin Al\u0131nt\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kaynak: www.hukukihaber.net<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u00dcRK\u0130YE CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130 ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0130K\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM \u00a0 KARAR \u00a0 S\u00dcLEYMAN \u00dcNER BA\u015eVURUSU (Ba\u015fvuru Numaras\u0131: 2020\/29376) \u00a0 Karar Tarihi: 24\/10\/2024 \u0130K\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM \u00a0 KARAR \u00a0 \u00a0 Ba\u015fkan : Basri BA\u011eCI \u00dcyeler : Engin YILDIRIM \u00a0 \u00a0 R\u0131dvan G\u00dcLE\u00c7 \u00a0 \u00a0 Kenan YA\u015eAR \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00d6mer \u00c7INAR Raport\u00f6r : Mustafa Erdem ATLIHAN Ba\u015fvurucu : S\u00fcleyman \u00dcNER \u00a0 I. BA\u015eVURUNUN \u00d6ZET\u0130 1. Ba\u015fvuru, ceza infaz kurumunda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen \u00fcst ve e\u015fya arama uygulamas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bu uygulamaya y\u00f6nelik itiraz\u0131n reddi nedeniyle ki\u015finin maddi ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 ve geli\u015ftirilmesi hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fi iddias\u0131na ili\u015fkindir. 2. Ba\u015fvurucu, ba\u015fvuru tarihi itibar\u0131yla tutuklu s\u0131fat\u0131yla Marmara 5 Numaral\u0131 L Tipi Kapal\u0131 Ceza \u0130nfaz Kurumunda (Kurum) ve tek ki\u015filik odada bulunmakta; \u00f6\u011fleden \u00f6nce ve sonra olmak \u00fczere her g\u00fcn iki defa havaland\u0131rma imk\u00e2n\u0131ndan faydalanmaktad\u0131r. Ba\u015fvurucu, odas\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ve havaland\u0131rma alan\u0131na girerken \u00fcst aramas\u0131na tabi tutuldu\u011funu, bu uygulaman\u0131n odas\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde de tekrar edildi\u011fini, \u00fcst\u00fcn\u00fcn ve varsa yan\u0131ndaki e\u015fyalar\u0131n her g\u00fcn sekiz kez arand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ayn\u0131 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde revire, kapal\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe veya bir ba\u015fka yere gidecekse bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 odadan \u00e7\u0131karken ve odaya girerken ayn\u0131 uygulaman\u0131n tekrar edildi\u011fini ifade etmi\u015f; s\u00f6z konusu uygulaman\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 istemiyle Silivri \u0130nfaz H\u00e2kimli\u011fi nezdinde talepte bulunmu\u015ftur. Ba\u015fvurucu, talep dilek\u00e7esinde araman\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fme \u015fekline\/personelin herhangi bir eylemine ili\u015fkin bir …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-35663","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hukukihaber"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n