T\u00dcRK\u0130YE CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130<\/p>\n
ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u0130K\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
KARAR<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
HAL\u0130T B\u00dcY\u00dcK BA\u015eVURUSU<\/p>\n
(Ba\u015fvuru Numaras\u0131: 2022\/31554)<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Karar Tarihi: 11\/12\/2024<\/p>\n
\u0130K\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
KARAR<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fkan<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
Basri BA\u011eCI<\/p>\n
\u00dcyeler<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
Engin YILDIRIM<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Kenan YA\u015eAR<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00d6mer \u00c7INAR<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Metin KIRATLI<\/p>\n
Raport\u00f6r<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
G\u00fcls\u00fcm Gizem G\u00dcRSOY<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fvurucu<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
Halit B\u00dcY\u00dcK<\/p>\n
Vekili<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
Av. M\u00fcrsel \u00dcNDER<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
I. BA\u015eVURUNUN \u00d6ZET\u0130<\/p>\n
1. Ba\u015fvuru, yetkili makamlardan izin al\u0131nmaks\u0131z\u0131n kamu alan\u0131na afi\u015f as\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle idari para cezas\u0131 verilmesi nedeniyle sendika hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fi iddias\u0131na ili\u015fkindir.<\/p>\n
2. Ba\u015fvurucunun genel ba\u015fkan\u0131 oldu\u011fu Posta Telefon ve Telekom\u00fcnikasyon \u0130\u015f\u00e7ileri Sendikas\u0131 (PTT- Sen) 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda kurulmu\u015f, PTT’ye ba\u011fl\u0131 alt-i\u015fveren i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin \u00fcye oldu\u011fu bir i\u015f\u00e7i sendikas\u0131d\u0131r. Ba\u015fvurucu ve yan\u0131nda bulunan baz\u0131 sendika \u00fcyeleri 8\/3\/2021 tarihinde \u0130zmir’in Bayrakl\u0131 il\u00e7esindeki PTT binas\u0131n\u0131n bah\u00e7e duvar\u0131 ve duvar \u00fczerindeki demir korkuluklara “PTT-Sen” logolu “Sendikal haklar\u0131n engellenmesi su\u00e7tur.” ibareli 1×2 metre ebad\u0131nda afi\u015f asm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
3. Emniyet g\u00f6revlileri, afi\u015f asma izinlerinin olmamas\u0131 nedeniyle ba\u015fvurucu ve di\u011fer sendika \u00fcyelerinden afi\u015fi toplamalar\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015ftir. Bu talebi yerine getirilmemeleri \u00fczerine Konak \u0130l\u00e7e Emniyet M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 30\/3\/2005 tarihli ve 5326 say\u0131l\u0131 Kabahatler Kanunu’nun 42. maddesi uyar\u0131nca izinsiz afi\u015f asan ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda 1.000 TL idari para cezas\u0131 uygulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
4. Ba\u015fvurucu afi\u015f asma \u015feklinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi eylemin sendikal faaliyet kapsam\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen bir eylem oldu\u011funu, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla an\u0131lan eylemin sendika hakk\u0131, toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc d\u00fczenleme hakk\u0131 ve ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekti\u011fini belirterek hakk\u0131nda uygulanan idari para cezas\u0131na itiraz etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
5. \u0130zmir 5. Sulh Ceza H\u00e2kimli\u011fi, ba\u015fvurucunun itiraz\u0131n\u0131 8\/2\/2022 tarihinde kesin olarak reddetmi\u015ftir. Karar\u0131n gerek\u00e7esinde idari para cezas\u0131n\u0131 gerektiren fiilin s\u00fcbutunda, idari para cezas\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesinde ve tayin edilen idari para cezas\u0131n\u0131n miktar\u0131nda herhangi bir isabetsizli\u011fin ve hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
6. Karar ba\u015fvurucuya 9\/2\/2022 tarihinde tebli\u011f edilmi\u015f ve ba\u015fvurucu 2\/3\/2022 tarihinde s\u00fcresinde bireysel ba\u015fvuruda bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
II. DE\u011eERLEND\u0130RME<\/p>\n
A. \u0130lgili Mevzuat<\/p>\n
7. 5326 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un “Afi\u015f asma” kenar ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 42. maddesi ve an\u0131lan d\u00fczenlemenin gerek\u00e7esi \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
“[42. madde]<\/p>\n
\u00a0(1) Meydanlara veya parklara, cadde veya sokak kenarlar\u0131ndaki kamuya ait duvar veya alanlara, r\u0131zas\u0131 olmaks\u0131z\u0131n \u00f6zel ki\u015filere ait alanlara bez, k\u00e2\u011f\u0131t ve benzeri afi\u015f ve il\u00e2n asan ki\u015fiye, y\u00fcz T\u00fcrk Liras\u0131ndan \u00fc\u00e7bin T\u00fcrk Liras\u0131na kadar idar\u00ee para cezas\u0131 verilir. Ayn\u0131 i\u00e7erikteki afi\u015f ve il\u00e2nlar, tek fiil say\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00a0(2) Birinci f\u0131kra h\u00fckm\u00fc, yetkili makamlardan al\u0131nan a\u00e7\u0131k ve yaz\u0131l\u0131 izne dayal\u0131 olarak as\u0131lan afi\u015f ve il\u00e2nlar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan uygulanmaz. Bu izinde, afi\u015f ve il\u00e2n\u0131n as\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 zaman dilimi a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6sterilir. Bu afi\u015f ve il\u00e2nlar izin verilen ger\u00e7ek veya t\u00fczel ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan bu s\u00fcrenin dolmas\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcteakip derhal toplat\u0131l\u0131r. Toplatma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ayk\u0131r\u0131 hareket edilmesi halinde birinci f\u0131kra h\u00fckm\u00fcne g\u00f6re idar\u00ee para cezas\u0131 verilir.<\/p>\n
\u00a0(3) Bu afi\u015f ve il\u00e2nlar\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin masraflar da ilgili ki\u015filerden ayr\u0131ca tahsil edilir.<\/p>\n
\u00a0(4) Bu kabahatler dolay\u0131s\u0131yla idar\u00ee para cezas\u0131na, kolluk veya belediye zab\u0131ta g\u00f6revlileri karar verir.<\/p>\n
\u00a0(5) \u00d6zel kanunlardaki h\u00fck\u00fcmler sakl\u0131d\u0131r”<\/p>\n
\u00a0[42. maddenin gerek\u00e7esi]<\/p>\n
Toplumun t\u00fcm bireylerinin kullan\u0131m\u0131na tahsis edilmi\u015f bulunan meydan ve parklara, cadde veya sokak kenarlar\u0131ndaki kamuya ait duvar veya alanlara; yetkili makamlardan a\u00e7\u0131k ve yaz\u0131l\u0131 bir izin al\u0131nmad\u0131k\u00e7a, bez, ka\u011f\u0131t ve benzeri afi\u015f veya il\u00e2n as\u0131lmas\u0131, bu madde h\u00fckm\u00fc ile kabahat olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc kirlili\u011fi olu\u015fturan bu \u015feyler, \u00f6zel ki\u015filere ait alanlara da, ilgilisinin r\u0131zas\u0131 bulunmad\u0131k\u00e7a as\u0131lamaz. Do\u011fal olarak, bu t\u00fcr afi\u015f ve il\u00e2nlar tek n\u00fcsha olmayaca\u011f\u0131ndan, ayn\u0131 i\u00e7erikte olmak kayd\u0131yla, say\u0131s\u0131 ne kadar olursa olsun, b\u00fct\u00fcn afi\u015f ve il\u00e2nlar tek fiil olarak kabul edilmektedir. B\u00f6ylece, birinci f\u0131kra h\u00fckm\u00fcnde \u00f6zel bir i\u00e7tima h\u00fckm\u00fcne yer verilmi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n
Yetkili makamdan verilen izne dayal\u0131 olarak afi\u015f ve il\u00e2n as\u0131lmas\u0131 durumunda, fiil hukuka uygun olacakt\u0131r. Ancak bunun sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 kontrol\u00fc i\u00e7in izin yaz\u0131s\u0131nda afi\u015f ve il\u00e2n\u0131n as\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 zaman dilimi a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6sterilmelidir. \u0130zinde g\u00f6sterilen s\u00fcrenin sonunda afi\u015f ve il\u00e2nlar\u0131n, izin alan ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan derhal toplat\u0131lmamas\u0131, kabahat olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. \u0130lgilisi taraf\u0131ndan toplanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, bu afi\u015f ve il\u00e2nlar\u0131n kamu ad\u0131na toplat\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde, ayr\u0131ca toplatma masraf\u0131 da tahsil edilir.<\/p>\n
Se\u00e7im d\u00f6neminde afi\u015f ve il\u00e2n as\u0131lmas\u0131 hususu se\u00e7im mevzuat\u0131nda \u00f6zel olarak d\u00fczenlendi\u011finden, bu h\u00fck\u00fcm bak\u0131m\u0131ndan kapsam d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.”<\/p>\n
B. Somut Olay\u0131n De\u011ferlendirilmesi<\/p>\n
8. Ba\u015fvurucu kamu d\u00fczenini bozmayan ve sendikal faaliyet kapsam\u0131nda ast\u0131klar\u0131 afi\u015f nedeniyle hakk\u0131nda idari para cezas\u0131 uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n sendika hakk\u0131, toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc d\u00fczenleme hakk\u0131, adil yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131 ve ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ihlal etti\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
9. Bakanl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde, mevcut ba\u015fvuruda ba\u015fvurucunun sendika hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edilip edilmedi\u011fi konusunda Anayasa Mahkemesi taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lacak incelemede Anayasa ve ilgili mevzuat h\u00fck\u00fcmleri ile somut olay\u0131n kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n da dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
10. Anayasa Mahkemesi, olaylar\u0131n ba\u015fvurucu taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan hukuki nitelendirmesi ile ba\u011fl\u0131 olmay\u0131p olay ve olgular\u0131n hukuki tavsifini kendisi takdir eder. Ba\u015fvurucu, mensubu oldu\u011fu sendikan\u0131n logosuyla sendikal faaliyetlere dikkat \u00e7eken bir afi\u015f asm\u0131\u015f ve bunun sonucunda idari para cezas\u0131 ile cezaland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ba\u015fvurucunun \u015fik\u00e2yetlerinin b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak sendika hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda incelenmesi gerekti\u011fi de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir (detayl\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmeler i\u00e7in bkz. Abdulvahap Can ve di\u011ferleri, B. No: 2014\/3793, 8\/11\/2017,\u00a7 36-39). A\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a dayanaktan yoksun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kabul edilemezli\u011fine karar verilmesini gerektirecek ba\u015fka bir neden de bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lan sendika hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine ili\u015fkin iddian\u0131n kabul edilebilir oldu\u011funa karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
11. Ba\u015fvurucuya izinsiz afi\u015f asmas\u0131 nedeniyle idari para cezas\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir. S\u00f6z konusu idari para cezas\u0131 ile ba\u015fvurucunun sendika hakk\u0131na m\u00fcdahale edilmi\u015ftir. An\u0131lan m\u00fcdahalenin Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 13. maddesinde \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen ve somut ba\u015fvuruya uygun d\u00fc\u015fen, kanunlar taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclme, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n ilgili maddesinde belirtilen nedenlere dayanma ve demokratik toplum d\u00fczeninin gereklerine uygunluk ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flay\u0131p sa\u011flamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
12. Sendika hakk\u0131na yap\u0131lan m\u00fcdahalenin dayana\u011f\u0131 olan 5326 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 42. maddesinin kanunilik \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul edilmi\u015ftir. M\u00fcdahalenin Anayasa’n\u0131n 51. maddesinin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen s\u0131n\u0131rlama sebeplerinden kamu d\u00fczeni amac\u0131yla yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu belirlemenin ard\u0131ndan demokratik toplum d\u00fczeninin gereklerine uygunluk y\u00f6n\u00fcnden inceleme yap\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
13. Anayasa Mahkemesi, izinsiz afi\u015f as\u0131lmas\u0131 nedeniyle idari para cezas\u0131 uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n anayasal haklar\u0131 ihlal edip etmedi\u011fini denetledi\u011fi \u00f6nceki kararlar\u0131nda afi\u015f asma yoluyla yap\u0131lan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce a\u00e7\u0131klanmalar\u0131n\u0131n anayasal g\u00fcvencelerden yararlanmas\u0131n\u0131n afi\u015f asman\u0131n baz\u0131 \u00f6n bi\u00e7im ko\u015fullar\u0131na ba\u011flanmas\u0131na engel te\u015fkil etmeyece\u011fini ifade etmi\u015ftir (afi\u015f asma nedeniyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen m\u00fcdahalelere ili\u015fkin farkl\u0131 ba\u011flamda de\u011ferlendirmeler i\u00e7in sendika hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda bkz. Abdulvahap Can ve di\u011ferleri, \u00a7 53; toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc d\u00fczenleme hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda bkz. Sinan Cem \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, B. No: 2016\/13477, 9\/1\/2020, \u00a7 43; Burcu Bardakc\u0131 ve Erdem Yinan\u00e7, B. No: 2016\/13475, 11\/9\/2019, \u00a7 44; ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kapsam\u0131nda bkz. G\u00f6k\u00e7e Ekin Baran, B. No: 2016\/13539, 9\/1\/2020, \u00a7 31). 5326 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 42. maddesinin gerek\u00e7esini g\u00f6z\u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunduran Anayasa Mahkemesi, kamuya ait alanlarda afi\u015f asman\u0131n yetkili makam\u0131n iznine tabi k\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin d\u00fczenlemeyle g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc kirlili\u011finin engellenmesinin ama\u00e7land\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (bir\u00e7ok karar aras\u0131ndan bkz. Abdulvahap Can ve di\u011ferleri, \u00a7 54; Halil Devrim Ula\u015f ve di\u011ferleri, B. No: 2015\/12590, 6\/3\/2019, \u00a7 21; G\u00f6k\u00e7e Ekin Baran, \u00a7\u00a7 32,33).<\/p>\n
14. \u00d6te yandan Anayasa Mahkemesi, izinsiz afi\u015f asma nedeniyle uygulan idari para cezas\u0131n\u0131 anayasal hak ekseninde de\u011ferlendirdi\u011fi bir\u00e7ok karar\u0131nda tek ba\u015f\u0131na izin ko\u015fulunun ihlal edilmi\u015f olmas\u0131n\u0131n yapt\u0131r\u0131m uygulanmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan yeterli g\u00f6r\u00fclmeyebilece\u011fini, kamu d\u00fczeninin bozulup bozulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya \u00e7evre kirlili\u011fine sebebiyet verip vermedi\u011finin de de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekti\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (\u00e7evre kirlili\u011fini \u00f6nlemeye ili\u015fkin hukuk normuna uyulmamas\u0131 nedeniyle uygulanan yapt\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n demokratik toplumda gerekli oldu\u011funa dair karar i\u00e7in bkz. Halil Devrim Ula\u015f ve di\u011ferleri, \u00a7\u00a7 37-45; kamu d\u00fczeninin bozuldu\u011funa veya bu y\u00f6nde bir tehlikeye neden oldu\u011funa ili\u015fkin tespit ve de\u011ferlendirme bulunmamas\u0131 nedeniyle hakk\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine dair kararlar i\u00e7in bkz. E\u011fitim ve Bilim Emek\u00e7ileri Sendikas\u0131 ve di\u011ferleri, B. No: 2014\/620, 25\/5\/2017 \u00a7\u00a7 88, 89; Abdulvahap Can ve di\u011ferleri, \u00a7 55; Ahmet \u00d6zdem, B. No: 2016\/13541, 28\/5\/2019, \u00a7 33; Sinan Cem \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, \u00a7 45, Burcu Bardakc\u0131 ve Erdem Yinan\u00e7, \u00a7 46; \u0130brahim Halla\u00e7, B. No: 2016\/9009, 7\/11\/2019, \u00a7 45; Zeynep G\u00fcl\u015fah Aksoy, B. No: 2016\/50678, 28\/5\/2019, \u00a7 45).<\/p>\n
15. Bireysel ba\u015fvuruya konu olayda kabahatin olu\u015fup olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesi, bu konudaki delil ve olgular ile hukuk kurallar\u0131n\u0131n yorumlanmas\u0131 yarg\u0131 mercilerinin takdirindedir. Anayasa Mahkemesinin yarg\u0131 mercilerinin bu husustaki takdirine m\u00fcdahale etmesi bireysel ba\u015fvurunun amac\u0131yla ba\u011fda\u015fmaz (Abdulvahap Can ve di\u011ferleri, \u00a7 58). Bu nedenle Anayasa Mahkemesi ba\u015fvurucunun 5326 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 42. maddesi uyar\u0131nca cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n demokratik bi toplum gereklerine uygun olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 denetleyecektir.<\/p>\n
16. Eldeki ba\u015fvuruda ba\u015fvurucu, PTT binas\u0131n\u0131n bah\u00e7e duvar\u0131na afi\u015f ast\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle idari para cezas\u0131yla cezaland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca afi\u015fte yer alan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler nedeniyle ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda kamu makamlar\u0131nca herhangi bir adli soru\u015fturma a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair bir bilgi Anayasa Mahkemesine sunulmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015fvuruya konu idari para cezas\u0131 tutana\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yaln\u0131zca izin ko\u015fuluna uyulmamas\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle d\u00fczenlendi\u011fi, itiraz\u0131 inceleyen hakimlik karar\u0131nda da ba\u015fka herhangi bir de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131lmadan ret karar\u0131 verildi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ba\u015fkaca hi\u00e7bir de\u011ferlendirmeye yer verilmeksizin sadece afi\u015flerin izinsiz as\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esi, 5326 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 42. maddesi kapsam\u0131nda ceza verilmesi i\u00e7in yeterli kabul edilemez (ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn yaln\u0131zca ifade edilen fikir ve bilgilerin i\u00e7eri\u011fini de\u011fil bunlar\u0131n ifade edili\u015f bi\u00e7imlerini de koruma alt\u0131na ald\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair farkl\u0131 ba\u011flamdaki kararlar i\u00e7in bkz. Fatih Ta\u015f [GK], B. No: 2013\/1461, 12\/11\/2014, \u00a7 105; Meki Katar [GK], B. No: 2015\/4916, 3\/10\/2019, \u00a7 58; \u0130rfan Sanc\u0131 (2), B. No: 2018\/5652, 30\/3\/2022, \u00a7 58).<\/p>\n
17. \u00d6te yandan yapt\u0131r\u0131ma dayanak kuralda g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc kirlili\u011finin \u00f6nlenmesi gayesiyle kamuya ait alanlarda afi\u015f as\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 yetkili makam\u0131n, \u00f6zel alanlarda ise malikinin iznine ba\u011fl\u0131 k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ve izin ko\u015fulu yerine getirilmeden afi\u015f as\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 idari para cezas\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131m\u0131na tabi tutmu\u015ftur. Ger\u00e7ekten de d\u00fczenli, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u00e7evrede ya\u015fanmas\u0131 ve g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc kirlili\u011finin \u00f6nlenmesi amac\u0131yla kamuya ait alanlarda afi\u015f asman\u0131n izne ba\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131n gerekli bir tedbir olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 da s\u00f6ylenemez. Ancak somut olayda idarenin ve H\u00e2kimli\u011fin yapt\u0131r\u0131m konusu afi\u015fin herhangi bir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc kirlili\u011fine sebebiyet verdi\u011fine dair bir tespiti ve de\u011ferlendirmesi bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
18. Yukar\u0131daki de\u011ferlendirmelere g\u00f6re somut olay\u0131n ko\u015fullar\u0131nda bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda as\u0131lan afi\u015f ile ilgili olarak ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda idari para cezas\u0131 uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n zorunlu bir sosyal ihtiyaca kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k geldi\u011fine ili\u015fkin ilgili ve yeterli gerek\u00e7e ortaya konulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna var\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (benzer de\u011ferlendirme i\u00e7in bkz. G\u00f6k\u00e7e Ekin Baran, \u00a7\u00a7 32-34).<\/p>\n
19. A\u00e7\u0131klanan gerek\u00e7elerle sendika hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
III. G\u0130DER\u0130M <\/p>\n
20. Ba\u015fvurucu; ihlalin tespiti, sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 talep etmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca 100.000 TL manevi tazminat ile taraf\u0131nca \u00f6denen 1.000 TL idari para cezas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6denmesi talebinde bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
21. Ba\u015fvuruda, tespit edilen hak ihlalinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lmas\u0131nda hukuki yarar bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu kapsamda karar\u0131n g\u00f6nderildi\u011fi yarg\u0131 mercilerince yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken i\u015f, yeniden yarg\u0131lama i\u015flemlerini ba\u015flatmak ve Anayasa Mahkemesini ihlal sonucuna ula\u015ft\u0131ran nedenleri gideren, ihlal karar\u0131nda belirtilen ilkelere uygun yeni bir karar vermektir (Mehmet Do\u011fan [GK], B. No: 2014\/8875, 7\/6\/2018, \u00a7\u00a7 54-60; Alig\u00fcl Alkaya ve di\u011ferleri (2), B. No: 2016\/12506, 7\/11\/2019, \u00a7\u00a7 53-60, 66; Kadri Enis Berbero\u011flu (3) [GK], B. No: 2020\/32949, 21\/1\/2021, \u00a7\u00a7 93-100).<\/p>\n
22. \u0130hlalin ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n yeterli bir giderim sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan tazminat taleplerinin reddine karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
IV. H\u00dcK\u00dcM<\/p>\n
A\u00e7\u0131klanan gerek\u00e7elerle;<\/p>\n
A. Sendika hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine ili\u015fkin iddian\u0131n KABUL ED\u0130LEB\u0130L\u0130R OLDU\u011eUNA,<\/p>\n
B. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 51. maddesinde g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan sendika hakk\u0131n\u0131n \u0130HLAL ED\u0130LD\u0130\u011e\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
C. Karar\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011finin sendika hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlalinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lmak \u00fczere \u0130zmir 5. Sulh Ceza H\u00e2kimli\u011fine (2021\/2503 D.\u0130\u015f) G\u00d6NDER\u0130LMES\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
D. Ba\u015fvurucunun tazminata ili\u015fkin taleplerinin REDD\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
E. 664,10 TL har\u00e7 ile 30.000 TL vek\u00e2let \u00fccretinden olu\u015fan toplam 30.664,10 TL yarg\u0131lama giderinin ba\u015fvurucuya \u00d6DENMES\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
F. \u00d6demelerin karar\u0131n tebli\u011fini takiben ba\u015fvurucunun Hazine ve Maliye Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u015fvuru tarihinden itibaren d\u00f6rt ay i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lmas\u0131na, \u00f6demede gecikme olmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde bu s\u00fcrenin sona erdi\u011fi tarihten \u00f6deme tarihine kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre i\u00e7in yasal FA\u0130Z UYGULANMASINA,<\/p>\n
G. Karar\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011finin Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na G\u00d6NDER\u0130LMES\u0130NE 11\/12\/2024 tarihinde OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE karar verildi.<\/p>\n
\u200bAnayasa Mahkemesi’nin 11\/12\/2024 tarihli ve 2022\/31554 ba\u015fvuru numaral\u0131 karar\u0131\u00a0Hukuki Haber<\/p>\n
Haberin Al\u0131nt\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kaynak: www.hukukihaber.net<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u00dcRK\u0130YE CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130 ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0130K\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM \u00a0 KARAR \u00a0 HAL\u0130T B\u00dcY\u00dcK BA\u015eVURUSU (Ba\u015fvuru Numaras\u0131: 2022\/31554) \u00a0 Karar Tarihi: 11\/12\/2024 \u0130K\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM \u00a0 KARAR \u00a0 Ba\u015fkan : Basri BA\u011eCI \u00dcyeler : Engin YILDIRIM \u00a0 \u00a0 Kenan YA\u015eAR \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00d6mer \u00c7INAR \u00a0 \u00a0 Metin KIRATLI Raport\u00f6r : G\u00fcls\u00fcm Gizem G\u00dcRSOY Ba\u015fvurucu : Halit B\u00dcY\u00dcK Vekili : Av. M\u00fcrsel \u00dcNDER \u00a0 I. BA\u015eVURUNUN \u00d6ZET\u0130 1. Ba\u015fvuru, yetkili makamlardan izin al\u0131nmaks\u0131z\u0131n kamu alan\u0131na afi\u015f as\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle idari para cezas\u0131 verilmesi nedeniyle sendika hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fi iddias\u0131na ili\u015fkindir. 2. Ba\u015fvurucunun genel ba\u015fkan\u0131 oldu\u011fu Posta Telefon ve Telekom\u00fcnikasyon \u0130\u015f\u00e7ileri Sendikas\u0131 (PTT- Sen) 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda kurulmu\u015f, PTT’ye ba\u011fl\u0131 alt-i\u015fveren i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin \u00fcye oldu\u011fu bir i\u015f\u00e7i sendikas\u0131d\u0131r. Ba\u015fvurucu ve yan\u0131nda bulunan baz\u0131 sendika \u00fcyeleri 8\/3\/2021 tarihinde \u0130zmir’in Bayrakl\u0131 il\u00e7esindeki PTT binas\u0131n\u0131n bah\u00e7e duvar\u0131 ve duvar \u00fczerindeki demir korkuluklara “PTT-Sen” logolu “Sendikal haklar\u0131n engellenmesi su\u00e7tur.” ibareli 1×2 metre ebad\u0131nda afi\u015f asm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 3. Emniyet g\u00f6revlileri, afi\u015f asma izinlerinin olmamas\u0131 nedeniyle ba\u015fvurucu ve di\u011fer sendika \u00fcyelerinden afi\u015fi toplamalar\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015ftir. Bu talebi yerine getirilmemeleri \u00fczerine Konak \u0130l\u00e7e Emniyet M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 30\/3\/2005 tarihli ve 5326 say\u0131l\u0131 Kabahatler Kanunu’nun 42. maddesi uyar\u0131nca izinsiz afi\u015f asan ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda 1.000 TL idari para cezas\u0131 uygulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 4. Ba\u015fvurucu afi\u015f asma \u015feklinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi eylemin sendikal faaliyet kapsam\u0131nda …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-33214","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hukukihaber"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n