T\u00dcRK\u0130YE CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130<\/p>\n
ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
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\u0130K\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
KARAR<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
AL\u0130 EKBER DERMAN VE MEHMET U\u00c7AR BA\u015eVURUSU<\/p>\n
(Ba\u015fvuru Numaras\u0131: 2021\/16510)<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Karar Tarihi: 5\/6\/2024<\/p>\n
\u0130K\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
KARAR<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fkan<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
Basri BA\u011eCI<\/p>\n
\u00dcyeler<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
R\u0131dvan G\u00dcLE\u00c7<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
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Y\u0131ld\u0131z SEFER\u0130NO\u011eLU<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Kenan YA\u015eAR<\/p>\n
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\u00d6mer \u00c7INAR<\/p>\n
Raport\u00f6r<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
Hasan H\u00dcZMEL\u0130<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fvurucular<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
1. Ali Ekber DERMAN<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
2. Mehmet U\u00c7AR<\/p>\n
Vekilleri<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
Av. Ramazan DEM\u0130R<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Av. Eylem Arzu KAYAO\u011eLU<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
I. BA\u015eVURUNUN \u00d6ZET\u0130<\/p>\n
1. Ba\u015fvuru, idarenin yasaklama karar\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak bir etkinli\u011fe kat\u0131lmak istenmesi sonucu g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131nma ve buna ili\u015fkin olarak konutu terk etmeme adli kontrol tedbiri uygulanmas\u0131 nedeniyle ba\u015fvurucular\u0131n ki\u015fi h\u00fcrriyeti ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi hakk\u0131 ile toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc d\u00fczenleme hakk\u0131n\u0131 ihlal etti\u011fi iddialar\u0131na ili\u015fkindir.<\/p>\n
2. Ba\u015fvurucular 4\/2\/2021 tarihinde dola\u015fmak amac\u0131yla \u0130stanbul’un Kad\u0131k\u00f6y il\u00e7esinde bulunmalar\u0131na ve herhangi bir bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131na kat\u0131lmamalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen kanuna ayk\u0131r\u0131 toplant\u0131ya kat\u0131larak ihtara ve zor kullanmaya ra\u011fmen da\u011f\u0131lmamakta \u0131srar ettikleri gerek\u00e7esiyle haklar\u0131nda adli i\u015flem yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
3. Kolluk g\u00f6revlilerince d\u00fczenlenen Olay Tutana\u011f\u0131’na g\u00f6re olay\u0131n geli\u015fimi \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
i. \u00c7e\u015fitli marjinal gruplar sosyal medyadan “fa\u015fizme kar\u015f\u0131 birle\u015f[me], \u00f6rg\u00fctlen[me], m\u00fccadeleyi y\u00fckselt[me]” amac\u0131yla toplant\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kolluk g\u00f6revlileri, Halk\u0131n Demokrasi Partisi il\u00e7e binas\u0131 \u00f6n\u00fcnde toplanan elli ki\u015filik gruba Kad\u0131k\u00f6y Kaymakaml\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lacak her t\u00fcrl\u00fc etkinli\u011fine ili\u015fkin olarak koronavir\u00fcs salg\u0131n\u0131 nedeniyle yasaklama karar\u0131 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca toplulu\u011fa da\u011f\u0131lmalar\u0131, aksi h\u00e2lde m\u00fcdahale edilece\u011fi de ses y\u00fckseltici cihazla ihtar edilmi\u015f ve da\u011f\u0131lmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in yeterli s\u00fcre tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130htara ra\u011fmen y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015fe devam etmek istemesi nedeniyle grubun \u00f6n\u00fcne kolluk g\u00f6revlilerince seyyar bariyerler konmu\u015f, yakalama i\u015flemi yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tutanakta olay “…grup \u00fcyelerinin taraf\u0131m\u0131zdan yap\u0131lan uyar\u0131lar\u0131 dikkate almay\u0131p y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f yapmak istemeleri \u00fczerine \u00f6nleri seyyar bariyerlerle kapat\u0131lmak ve personel vas\u0131tas\u0131yla hat \u00e7ekilmek suretiyle y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015fleri engellenerek yakalanmalar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik m\u00fcdahale edil[di\u011fi]” \u015feklinde ifade edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
ii. M\u00fcdahale sonucu da\u011f\u0131lan grubun bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn tekrar toplan\u0131p \u0130skele Meydan\u0131’na y\u00fcr\u00fcmek istemesi \u00fczerine bariyer \u00e7ekilerek y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f engellenmi\u015f, da\u011f\u0131lmalar\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde gruba ihtarlarda bulunulmu\u015f, akabinde yakalama i\u015flemi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
iii. Gruptan bir ki\u015fi cadde ortas\u0131na oturarak belediye otob\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn ge\u00e7i\u015fine engel olmu\u015ftur. Yap\u0131lan m\u00fczakere sonucu trafik ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 tekrar sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130skele Meydan\u0131’na gitmek i\u00e7in toplanan grup, kolluk g\u00f6revlilerince engellenmi\u015f; da\u011f\u0131lmalar\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde ihtar edilmi\u015ftir. Akabinde yakalama i\u015flemi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Bu nedenle 4\/2\/2021 tarihinde, aralar\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucular\u0131n da oldu\u011fu altm\u0131\u015f be\u015f ki\u015fi hakk\u0131nda yakalama, altm\u0131\u015f bir ki\u015fi hakk\u0131nda g\u00f6zalt\u0131na alma i\u015flemi uygulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
4. 8\/2\/2021 tarihinde Cumhuriyet Savc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ifadesi al\u0131nan ba\u015fvurucular, kanuna ayk\u0131r\u0131 toplant\u0131ya ve g\u00f6steri y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne kat\u0131larak ihtara ve zor kullanmaya ra\u011fmen da\u011f\u0131lmamakta \u0131srar etme su\u00e7undan adli kontrol tedbiri verilmesi talebiyle sevk edilmi\u015ftir. Ayn\u0131 tarihte H\u00e2kimlik ba\u015fvurucular\u0131n yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kmama, konutu terk etmeme \u015feklinde adli kontrol tedbirlerine tabi tutulmas\u0131na karar vermi\u015ftir. Kararda kuvvetli su\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesi bulundu\u011funu belirten H\u00e2kimlik; at\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7un niteli\u011fini, kanunda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen cezan\u0131n miktar\u0131n\u0131, delillerin b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda toplanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131n\u0131, ilgililerin sabit ikametg\u00e2h sahibi olmalar\u0131n\u0131, ka\u00e7acaklar\u0131na veya delilleri karartabileceklerine ili\u015fkin olarak dosyaya yans\u0131yan bir bilgi, belge veya iddian\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015f ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesini g\u00f6zeterek adli kontrol tedbirlerini uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
5. Ba\u015fvurucular 12\/2\/2021 ve 15\/2\/2021 tarihlerinde karara itiraz etmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fvurucu Mehmet U\u00e7ar, adli kontrol tedbirlerinin somut olaya uygulanma \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek ki\u015fi \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131rlayan konutu terk etmeme tedbirinin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve gereklilik h\u00e2linde haftan\u0131n belirlenen g\u00fcnlerinde imza atma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 talep etmi\u015ftir. \u0130tiraz\u0131 inceleyen Sulh Ceza H\u00e2kimli\u011fi adli kontrol karar\u0131na ili\u015fkin verilen karar\u0131n yerinde ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc oldu\u011funu, usule ve kanuna ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirerek 17\/2\/2021 tarihinde talebi kesin olarak reddetmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
6. Ba\u015fvurucular, nihai h\u00fckm\u00fc \u00f6\u011frendikten sonra 16\/3\/2021 tarihinde bireysel ba\u015fvuru s\u00fcresi i\u00e7inde ba\u015fvuruda bulunmu\u015ftur. Komisyon ba\u015fvurunun kabul edilebilirlik incelemesinin B\u00f6l\u00fcm taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lmas\u0131na karar vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
7. Ulusal Yarg\u0131 A\u011f\u0131 Bili\u015fim Sistemi (UYAP) \u00fczerinden yap\u0131lan inceleme neticesinde \u0130stanbul Anadolu Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n 4\/3\/2021 tarihli iddianameyle ba\u015fvurucular\u0131n da aralar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu elli bir ki\u015finin kanuna ayk\u0131r\u0131 toplant\u0131ya ve g\u00f6steri y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne kat\u0131larak uyar\u0131lara ra\u011fmen da\u011f\u0131lmamakta \u0131srar etme su\u00e7undan cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 talep etti\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
8. \u0130stanbul Anadolu 35. Asliye Ceza Mahkemesi 29\/3\/2021 tarihli tensip zapt\u0131nda; ba\u015fvurucular hakk\u0131nda uygulanan konutu terk etmeme \u015feklindeki tedbirin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na, yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kma yasa\u011f\u0131 tedbirinin devam\u0131na ve haftan\u0131n belirli g\u00fcn\u00fcnde en yak\u0131n polis merkezine ba\u015fvurarak imza atma adli kontrol tedbirinin uygulanmas\u0131na karar vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
9. Asliye Ceza Mahkemesi, ba\u015fvurucular hakk\u0131nda uygulanan adli kontrol tedbirlerini 2\/10\/2021 tarihli duru\u015fmada kald\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dava, bireysel ba\u015fvurunun incelendi\u011fi tarih itibar\u0131yla ilk derece mahkemesinde derdesttir.<\/p>\n
II. DE\u011eERLEND\u0130RME<\/p>\n
A. Ki\u015fi H\u00fcrriyeti ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Hakk\u0131n\u0131n \u0130hlal Edildi\u011fine \u0130li\u015fkin \u0130ddia<\/p>\n
10. Ba\u015fvurucular, somut olayda su\u00e7un kanuni unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n mevcut olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, soru\u015fturma makam\u0131nca toplanmas\u0131 gereken delil bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, polis tutanaklar\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131 dosyaya ibraz edildi\u011fi h\u00e2lde haklar\u0131nda ba\u015fka tedbirlerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra konutu terk etmeme \u015feklindeki adli kontrol tedbirinin de uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcz olan bu tedbir nedeniyle ki\u015fi h\u00fcrriyeti ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi haklar\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Bakanl\u0131k) g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde; ba\u015fvurucular\u0131n 4\/12\/2004 tarihli ve 5271 say\u0131l\u0131 Ceza Muhakemesi Kanunu’nun 141. maddesine g\u00f6re tazminat davas\u0131 a\u00e7madan, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ola\u011fan hukuk yolunu t\u00fcketmeden bireysel ba\u015fvuruda bulunduklar\u0131 bildirilmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca an\u0131lan tedbirin k\u0131sa s\u00fcre sonra kald\u0131r\u0131larak imza atma adli kontrol tedbiri uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131, akabinde bu tedbirin kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilerek ba\u015fvurucular hakk\u0131nda uygulanan koruma tedbirinin s\u00fcresi ve a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile soru\u015fturman\u0131n kapsam\u0131 g\u00f6zetilerek tedbirin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekti\u011fi ifade edilmi\u015ftir. Bakanl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u015fvurucular, 5271 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 141. maddesi kapsam\u0131ndaki tazminat yolunun etkili bir i\u00e7 hukuk yolu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek bireysel ba\u015fvuru formunda yer alan iddialar\u0131n\u0131 yinelemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
11. Ba\u015fvurucular g\u00f6zalt\u0131 tedbirinin hukuki olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddialar\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden 5271 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 141. maddesi uyar\u0131nca tazminat yoluna ba\u015fvurmadan sadece adli kontrol tedbirine ili\u015fkin ola\u011fan yasa yolunu t\u00fckettikten sonra bireysel ba\u015fvuruda bulunmu\u015ftur. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u015fik\u00e2yete esas m\u00fcdahalenin adli kontrol tedbirinin uygulanmas\u0131 oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan inceleme buna hasredilmi\u015f olup g\u00f6zalt\u0131 i\u015fleminin hukukili\u011fine ili\u015fkin ihlal iddias\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan bir de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
12. Konutu terk etmeme tedbirine y\u00f6nelik ba\u015fvuru, ki\u015fi h\u00fcrriyeti ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda incelenmi\u015ftir (benzer de\u011ferlendirme i\u00e7in bkz. Esra \u00d6zkan \u00d6zak\u00e7a [GK], B. No: 2017\/32052, 8\/10\/2020, \u00a7\u00a7 68-76). A\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a dayanaktan yoksun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kabul edilemezli\u011fine karar verilmesini gerektirecek ba\u015fka bir neden de bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lan ba\u015fvurunun kabul edilebilir oldu\u011funa karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
13. Anayasa Mahkemesi konutu terk etmeme \u015feklindeki adli kontrol tedbirinin hukukili\u011fine ili\u015fkin yap\u0131lacak incelemede esas al\u0131nacak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fctleri Esra \u00d6zkan \u00d6zak\u00e7a karar\u0131nda belirlemi\u015ftir. Kararda, m\u00fcdahalenin tutuklamaya alternatif bir tedbir olmas\u0131 nedeniyle -tutuklama kararlar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi- kanun taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclme, Anayasa’n\u0131n ilgili maddelerinde belirtilen hakl\u0131 sebeplere dayanma ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmama kriterleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden incelemeye tabi tutulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmi\u015ftir. Anayasa’n\u0131n 19. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zeten Anayasa Mahkemesi ilk olarak, konutu terk etmeme adli kontrol tedbirinin uygulanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ilgili ki\u015finin su\u00e7lulu\u011fu hakk\u0131nda kuvvetli belirtinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u015fart oldu\u011funu, bunun i\u00e7in su\u00e7laman\u0131n kuvvetli say\u0131labilecek inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 delillerle desteklenmesi gerekti\u011fini belirtmi\u015ftir. \u00d6te yandan kararda, an\u0131lan tedbirin bilhassa \u015f\u00fcphelilerin veya san\u0131klar\u0131n ka\u00e7malar\u0131n\u0131 engellemeye veya delillerin yok edilmesini ya da de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesini \u00f6nlemeye y\u00f6nelik de adli bir \u00f6nlem olarak uygulanabilece\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Anayasa Mahkemesi son olarak hakka y\u00f6nelik s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n hukuka uygun kabul edilebilmesi i\u00e7in konutu terk etmeme \u015feklindeki adli kontrol tedbirinin ula\u015f\u0131lmak istenen amac\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmeye elveri\u015fli, ula\u015f\u0131lmak istenen ama\u00e7 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan zorunlu olmas\u0131 ve tedbir ile ula\u015f\u0131lmak istenen ama\u00e7 aras\u0131nda makul bir denge g\u00f6zetilmesi gerekti\u011fini vurgulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (Esra \u00d6zkan \u00d6zak\u00e7a, \u00a7\u00a7 73-83).<\/p>\n
14. Ki\u015fi h\u00fcrriyeti ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi hakk\u0131na yap\u0131lan m\u00fcdahalenin dayana\u011f\u0131 olan 5271 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 109. maddesinin kanunilik \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul edilmi\u015ftir. Anayasa Mahkemesi ba\u015fvurucular\u0131n su\u00e7lulu\u011fu hakk\u0131nda kuvvetli belirtinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n adli kontrol tedbirinin hukukili\u011finin belirlenmesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnden \u00f6nemi oldu\u011funun bilincindedir (bkz.\u00a7 13). Ancak somut olay\u0131n de\u011ferlendirme y\u00f6ntemi ve mevcut ba\u015fvurunun ko\u015fullar\u0131 g\u00f6zetildi\u011finde adli kontrol tedbirinin hukukili\u011fine ili\u015fkin incelemenin m\u00fcdahalenin me\u015fru bir amac\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct\u00fc ba\u011flam\u0131nda yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n daha uygun olaca\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
15. Ba\u015fvurucular, kanuna ayk\u0131r\u0131 toplant\u0131ya ve g\u00f6steri y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne kat\u0131larak ihtara ve zor kullanmaya ra\u011fmen da\u011f\u0131lmamakta \u0131srar etme su\u00e7undan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen soru\u015fturma kapsam\u0131nda konutu terk etmeme \u015feklinde adli kontrol tedbirine tabi tutulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
16. Somut olayda ba\u015fvurucular\u0131n da aralar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu grup, kolluk g\u00f6revlilerinin toplant\u0131n\u0131n kanuna ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmas\u0131 nedeniyle da\u011f\u0131lmalar\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki ihtarlar\u0131na uymam\u0131\u015f; bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 yapmak i\u00e7in belli bir mek\u00e2na gitmek istemi\u015ftir. Bu nedenle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen ilk m\u00fcdahalede kolluk g\u00f6revlileri, da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde ihtarlar sonras\u0131 bedensel kuvvet ve ara\u00e7 kullanarak grubu engellemi\u015f; yakalama i\u015flemi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. Kolluk g\u00f6revlileri, da\u011f\u0131larak tekrar toplanan ki\u015filere y\u00f6nelik farkl\u0131 zamanlarda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi m\u00fcdahalelerde de ihtarlar sonras\u0131 maddi g\u00fc\u00e7 kullanarak bu ki\u015fileri engellemi\u015f; akabinde direni\u015f g\u00f6steren ki\u015fileri g\u00f6zalt\u0131na alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Olay Tutana\u011f\u0131’nda; aralar\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucular\u0131n da oldu\u011fu altm\u0131\u015f be\u015f ki\u015finin kanuna ayk\u0131r\u0131 toplant\u0131ya kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, da\u011f\u0131lmalar\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde ihtara ra\u011fmen aktif diren\u00e7 g\u00f6stererek da\u011f\u0131lmamakta \u0131srar etti\u011fi ve bu nedenle yakaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
17. 5271 Kanun’un 109. maddesinin (1) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131nda, tutuklama sebeplerinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u00e2linde ki\u015finin tutuklanmas\u0131 yerine adli kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131na karar verilebilece\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir. Somut olayda Sulh Ceza H\u00e2kimli\u011fi; adli kontrol tedbiri uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 karar gerek\u00e7esinde ba\u015fvurucular\u0131n sabit ikametg\u00e2h sahibi oldu\u011funu, ka\u00e7acaklar\u0131na veya delilleri karartabileceklerine ili\u015fkin olarak dosyaya yans\u0131yan herhangi bir hususun bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, delillerin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde topland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmi\u015ftir. Buna g\u00f6re adli kontrol tedbiri uygulanmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin sebeplerin bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul\u00fcne ra\u011fmen ba\u015fvurucular hakk\u0131nda adli kontrol tedbiri uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n bir tutars\u0131zl\u0131k olu\u015fturdu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6te yandan ba\u015fvuruculara isnat edilen su\u00e7 5271 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 100. maddesinin (3) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131nda yer alan ve kanun gere\u011fi tutuklama nedeni varsay\u0131lan su\u00e7lardan da de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n
18. T\u00fcm bu veriler \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Sulh Ceza H\u00e2kimli\u011fi taraf\u0131ndan uygulanan tedbire ili\u015fkin gerek\u00e7enin ba\u015fvurucular hakk\u0131nda konutu terk etmeme \u015feklindeki adli kontrol tedbirinin uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n gereklili\u011fini, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla tedbirin me\u015fru amac\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koymak bak\u0131m\u0131ndan yetersiz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fvurucular y\u00f6n\u00fcnden adli kontrol tedbirinin me\u015fru bir amac\u0131n\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n H\u00e2kimlik\u00e7e kabul edildi\u011fi h\u00e2lde Anayasa Mahkemesinin aksi bir sonuca varmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Var\u0131lan sonu\u00e7 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda tedbirin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ayr\u0131ca inceleme yap\u0131lmas\u0131na gerek yoktur.<\/p>\n
19. A\u00e7\u0131klanan gerek\u00e7elerle Anayasa’n\u0131n 19. maddesinde g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan ki\u015fi \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
B. Toplant\u0131 ve G\u00f6steri Y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc D\u00fczenleme Hakk\u0131n\u0131n \u0130hlal Edildi\u011fine \u0130li\u015fkin \u0130ddia <\/p>\n
20. Ba\u015fvurucular, bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 yapma ama\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015f ancak aksinin kabul\u00fc h\u00e2linde dahi bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l nitelikte olan bir etkinli\u011fe m\u00fcdahale edilmesi, g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131nmalar\u0131, haklar\u0131nda adli kontrol tedbiri uygulanmas\u0131 nedeniyle toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc d\u00fczenleme haklar\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011finden yak\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bakanl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde; ba\u015fvurucular\u0131n idarenin yasaklama karar\u0131na ve kolluk g\u00f6revlilerinin ihtar\u0131na ra\u011fmen toplant\u0131ya kat\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 ve da\u011f\u0131lmamakta \u0131srar ettikleri, direnmeleri nedeniyle haklar\u0131nda adli kontrol tedbirinin uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bakanl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u015fvurucular, toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc d\u00fczenleme hakk\u0131na ili\u015fkin bir a\u00e7\u0131klama yapmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
21. Somut olayda kanuna ayk\u0131r\u0131 bir toplant\u0131ya kat\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 ve ihtara ra\u011fmen da\u011f\u0131lmamakta \u0131srar ettikleri iddias\u0131yla ba\u015fvurucular hakk\u0131nda adli kontrol tedbiri uygulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ba\u015fvurucular hakk\u0131nda uygulanan adli kontrol tedbirinin toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc d\u00fczenleme hakk\u0131na m\u00fcdahale te\u015fkil etti\u011fi kabul edilmelidir.<\/p>\n
22. A\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a dayanaktan yoksun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kabul edilemezli\u011fine karar verilmesini gerektirecek ba\u015fka bir neden de bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lan ba\u015fvurunun kabul edilebilir oldu\u011funa karar verilmesi gerekir. Ki\u015fi h\u00fcrriyeti ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda adli kontrol tedbirinin hukukili\u011fine ili\u015fkin yap\u0131lan de\u011ferlendirmede m\u00fcdahalenin kanun taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclme ko\u015fulunu sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna var\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (bkz. \u00a7 14). Toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc d\u00fczenleme hakk\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da bu sonu\u00e7tan ayr\u0131lmay\u0131 gerektiren bir durum bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
23. Anayasa Mahkemesi bir\u00e7ok karar\u0131nda, uygulanan koruma tedbirinin ifade ve bas\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri, dernek kurma h\u00fcrriyeti, se\u00e7ilme ve siyasi faaliyette bulunma haklar\u0131 gibi di\u011fer temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler \u00fczerindeki etkisini incelerken \u00f6ncelikle koruma tedbirinin hukuki olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve\/veya tedbirin makul s\u00fcreyi a\u015f\u0131p a\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmekte; sonras\u0131nda uygulanan tedbirin hukukili\u011fine ya da s\u00fcresinin makull\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ili\u015fkin vard\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucu da dikkate alarak di\u011fer temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin ihlal edilip edilmedi\u011fini belirlemektedir (tutuklama tedbiri ba\u011flam\u0131nda yap\u0131lan de\u011ferlendirmeler i\u00e7in bkz. Mutlu \u00d6zt\u00fcrk ve di\u011ferleri, B. No: 2020\/8525, 28\/1\/2021, \u00a7 84; G\u00fcnay Da\u011f ve di\u011ferleri [GK], B. No: 2013\/1631, 17\/12\/2015, \u00a7\u00a7 191-203; Erdem G\u00fcl ve Can D\u00fcndar [GK], B. No: 2015\/18567, 25\/2\/2016, \u00a7\u00a7 92-100; Mehmet Baransu (2), B. No: 2015\/7231, 17\/5\/2016, \u00a7\u00a7 157-164; \u015eahin Alpay [GK], B. No: 2016\/16092, 11\/1\/2018, \u00a7\u00a7 134-147).<\/p>\n
24. Anayasa Mahkemesi, adli kontrol tedbirinin hukukili\u011fi ba\u011flam\u0131nda ki\u015fi h\u00fcrriyeti ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi hakk\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 incelemede ba\u015fvuruculara uygulanan konutu terk etmeme \u015feklindeki tedbirin ula\u015f\u0131lmak istenen ama\u00e7 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan zorunlu bir m\u00fcdahale olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmesinde bulunmu\u015ftur. Ba\u015fvuruya konu toplant\u0131ya ili\u015fkin olarak ki\u015fi h\u00fcrriyeti ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi hakk\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ba\u015fvurucularla ilgili yap\u0131lan bu tespit ve de\u011ferlendirmelerin toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc d\u00fczenleme hakk\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden de ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca gereklili\u011fi ortaya konulamayan koruma tedbirinin toplant\u0131ya kat\u0131lma hususunda bireyler \u00fczerinde cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 etki yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 da dikkate ald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc d\u00fczenleme hakk\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden demokratik toplumda gerekli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna var\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
25. A\u00e7\u0131klanan gerek\u00e7elerle Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 34. maddesinde g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc d\u00fczenleme hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
III. G\u0130DER\u0130M <\/p>\n
26. Ba\u015fvurucular; ihlalin tespiti, yeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ve miktar belirtmeksizin maddi ve manevi tazminat talebinde bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
27. Ba\u015fvurucular hakk\u0131nda uygulanan adli kontrol tedbirinin sona ermesi nedeniyle ihlalin ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lmas\u0131nda hukuki yarar bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
28. Eski h\u00e2le getirme kural\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde ihlalin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in ba\u015fvuruculara manevi zararlar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 net 40.000 TL manevi tazminat \u00f6denmesine karar verilmesi gerekir. Ba\u015fvurucular, maddi zarara ili\u015fkin olarak bilgi ve belge sunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan maddi tazminat taleplerinin reddine karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
IV. H\u00dcK\u00dcM<\/p>\n
A\u00e7\u0131klanan gerek\u00e7elerle;<\/p>\n
A. 1. Ki\u015fi \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine ili\u015fkin iddian\u0131n KABUL ED\u0130LEB\u0130L\u0130R OLDU\u011eUNA,<\/p>\n
2. Toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc d\u00fczenleme hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine ili\u015fkin iddian\u0131n KABUL ED\u0130LEB\u0130L\u0130R OLDU\u011eUNA,<\/p>\n
B. 1. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 19. maddesinde g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan ki\u015fi \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi hakk\u0131n\u0131n \u0130HLAL ED\u0130LD\u0130\u011e\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
2. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 34. maddesinde g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc d\u00fczenleme hakk\u0131n\u0131n \u0130HLAL ED\u0130LD\u0130\u011e\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
C. Ba\u015fvuruculara ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 net 40.000 TL manevi tazminat \u00d6DENMES\u0130NE, di\u011fer tazminat taleplerinin REDD\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
D. 487,60 TL har\u00e7 ve 18.800 TL vek\u00e2let \u00fccretinden olu\u015fan toplam 19.287,60 TL yarg\u0131lama giderinin ba\u015fvuruculara M\u00dc\u015eTEREKEN \u00d6DENMES\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
E. \u00d6demenin karar\u0131n tebli\u011fini takiben ba\u015fvurucular\u0131n Hazine ve Maliye Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u015fvuru tarihinden itibaren d\u00f6rt ay i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lmas\u0131na, \u00f6demede gecikme olmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde bu s\u00fcrenin sona erdi\u011fi tarihten \u00f6deme tarihine kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre i\u00e7in yasal FA\u0130Z UYGULANMASINA,<\/p>\n
F. Karar\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011finin bilgi i\u00e7in \u0130stanbul Anadolu 9. ve 10. Sulh Ceza H\u00e2kimliklerine (s\u0131ras\u0131yla 2021\/89 ve 2021\/928 D. \u0130\u015f)G\u00d6NDER\u0130LMES\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
G. Karar\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011finin Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na G\u00d6NDER\u0130LMES\u0130NE 5\/6\/2024 tarihinde OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE karar verildi.<\/p>\n
\u200bAnayasa Mahkemesi’nin 5\/6\/2024 tarihli ve 2021\/16510 ba\u015fvuru numaral\u0131 karar\u0131\u00a0Hukuki Haber<\/p>\n
Haberin Al\u0131nt\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kaynak: www.hukukihaber.net<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u00dcRK\u0130YE CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130 ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0130K\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM \u00a0 KARAR \u00a0 AL\u0130 EKBER DERMAN VE MEHMET U\u00c7AR BA\u015eVURUSU (Ba\u015fvuru Numaras\u0131: 2021\/16510) \u00a0 Karar Tarihi: 5\/6\/2024 \u0130K\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM \u00a0 KARAR \u00a0 \u00a0 Ba\u015fkan : Basri BA\u011eCI \u00dcyeler : R\u0131dvan G\u00dcLE\u00c7 \u00a0 \u00a0 Y\u0131ld\u0131z SEFER\u0130NO\u011eLU \u00a0 \u00a0 Kenan YA\u015eAR \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00d6mer \u00c7INAR Raport\u00f6r : Hasan H\u00dcZMEL\u0130 Ba\u015fvurucular : 1. Ali Ekber DERMAN \u00a0 \u00a0 2. Mehmet U\u00c7AR Vekilleri : Av. Ramazan DEM\u0130R \u00a0 \u00a0 Av. Eylem Arzu KAYAO\u011eLU \u00a0 I. BA\u015eVURUNUN \u00d6ZET\u0130 1. Ba\u015fvuru, idarenin yasaklama karar\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak bir etkinli\u011fe kat\u0131lmak istenmesi sonucu g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131nma ve buna ili\u015fkin olarak konutu terk etmeme adli kontrol tedbiri uygulanmas\u0131 nedeniyle ba\u015fvurucular\u0131n ki\u015fi h\u00fcrriyeti ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi hakk\u0131 ile toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc d\u00fczenleme hakk\u0131n\u0131 ihlal etti\u011fi iddialar\u0131na ili\u015fkindir. 2. Ba\u015fvurucular 4\/2\/2021 tarihinde dola\u015fmak amac\u0131yla \u0130stanbul’un Kad\u0131k\u00f6y il\u00e7esinde bulunmalar\u0131na ve herhangi bir bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131na kat\u0131lmamalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen kanuna ayk\u0131r\u0131 toplant\u0131ya kat\u0131larak ihtara ve zor kullanmaya ra\u011fmen da\u011f\u0131lmamakta \u0131srar ettikleri gerek\u00e7esiyle haklar\u0131nda adli i\u015flem yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmi\u015ftir. 3. Kolluk g\u00f6revlilerince d\u00fczenlenen Olay Tutana\u011f\u0131’na g\u00f6re olay\u0131n geli\u015fimi \u015f\u00f6yledir: i. \u00c7e\u015fitli marjinal gruplar sosyal medyadan “fa\u015fizme kar\u015f\u0131 birle\u015f[me], \u00f6rg\u00fctlen[me], m\u00fccadeleyi y\u00fckselt[me]” amac\u0131yla toplant\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kolluk g\u00f6revlileri, Halk\u0131n Demokrasi Partisi il\u00e7e binas\u0131 \u00f6n\u00fcnde toplanan elli ki\u015filik gruba Kad\u0131k\u00f6y Kaymakaml\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27,535],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14476","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hukukihaber","category-uncategorized-tr"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n