T\u00dcRK\u0130YE CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130<\/p>\n
ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130<\/p>\n
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B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM<\/p>\n
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KARAR<\/p>\n
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\u00c7\u0130\u011eDEM SER\u0130N BA\u015eVURUSU<\/p>\n
(Ba\u015fvuru Numaras\u0131: 2021\/35995)<\/p>\n
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Karar Tarihi: 21\/1\/2025<\/p>\n
R.G. Tarih ve Say\u0131: 6\/5\/2025 – 32892<\/p>\n
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B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM<\/p>\n
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KARAR<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fkan<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
Hasan Tahsin G\u00d6KCAN<\/p>\n
\u00dcyeler<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
Recai AKYEL<\/p>\n
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Selahaddin MENTE\u015e<\/p>\n
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Muhterem \u0130NCE<\/p>\n
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Y\u0131lmaz AK\u00c7\u0130L<\/p>\n
Raport\u00f6r<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
Hasan H\u00dcZMEL\u0130<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fvurucu<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
\u00c7i\u011fdem SER\u0130N<\/p>\n
Vekili<\/p>\n
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Av. Zahide YILDIZTEK\u0130N<\/p>\n
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I. BA\u015eVURUNUN \u00d6ZET\u0130<\/p>\n
1. Ba\u015fvuru, idarece \u00f6nceden belirlenen yerler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ve idareye bildirimde bulunulmadan bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131na i\u015ftirak edildi\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle emre ayk\u0131r\u0131 davran\u0131\u015ftan idari para cezas\u0131 uygulanmas\u0131 nedeniyle toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc d\u00fczenleme hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fi iddias\u0131na ili\u015fkindir.<\/p>\n
2. Mersin Valili\u011fi (Valilik) taraf\u0131ndan 15\/1\/2020 tarihli kararla m\u00fclki s\u0131n\u0131rlar i\u00e7inde 2020 y\u0131l\u0131 toplanma alanlar\u0131, y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f g\u00fczerg\u00e2hlar\u0131, miting alanlar\u0131 ve bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 yap\u0131lacak yerler belirlenmi\u015f ve resm\u00ee internet sitesinden duyurulmu\u015ftur. An\u0131lan kararda ayr\u0131ca bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 etkinliklerinin kamu d\u00fczenini, e\u011fitim \u00f6\u011fretimi, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hayat\u0131n\u0131 ve ticaret h\u00fcrriyetini engelleyici veya bozucu bi\u00e7imde olmamak kayd\u0131yla ve 6\/10\/1983 tarihli ve 2911 say\u0131l\u0131 Toplant\u0131 ve G\u00f6steri Y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015fleri Kanunu’nun “Bildirim verilmesi” kenar ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 10. maddesinde belirtilen s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde bilgi verilmek suretiyle yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi hususu belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
3. Ba\u015fvurucu 25\/10\/2020 tarihinde Mersin’in G\u00fcvenevler Mahallesi Gazi Mustafa Kemal Bulvar\u0131’nda bulunan bir ma\u011faza \u00f6n\u00fcnde d\u00fczenlenen “G\u00fcvenceli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak, insanca ya\u015famak istiyoruz” konulu bir eyleme kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mersin Halkevleri isimli kullan\u0131c\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan sosyal medya hesaplar\u0131nda payla\u015f\u0131lan etkinlik, g\u00fcvenlik g\u00f6revlilerinin internet ortam\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k kaynak ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131yla tespit edilmi\u015ftir. G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc \u0130zleme ve Tespit Tutana\u011f\u0131’nda ba\u015fvurucunun da aralar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu grubun Mersin Halkevi taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131na kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
4. Bireysel ba\u015fvuru dosyas\u0131ndaki a\u00e7\u0131k kaynak ara\u015ft\u0131rma raporu ve tutanakta yer alan foto\u011fraflar incelendi\u011finde yakla\u015f\u0131k on ki\u015finin etkinli\u011fe kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, aralar\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucunun da yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6rt ki\u015finin “G\u00fcvenceli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak, insanca ya\u015famak istiyoruz!”, “HE HALKEVLER\u0130” \u015feklinde yaz\u0131l\u0131 pankart\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n maske takt\u0131klar\u0131 ve aralar\u0131nda mesafe bulundu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bireysel ba\u015fvuru dosyas\u0131nda bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l sona erdi\u011fine dair bir bilgi bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca etkinli\u011fin bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ya da bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l olmaktan sonradan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair bir tespit de yoktur.<\/p>\n
5. Mersin \u0130l Emniyet M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc (Emniyet M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc) 3\/11\/2020 tarihinde, kimli\u011fi tespit edilen kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n idareye bildirimde bulunmadan ve idarece belirlenen alanlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yukar\u0131da i\u00e7eri\u011fi belirtilen pankart\u0131n arkas\u0131nda toplanarak eylem yapmalar\u0131 ve b\u00f6ylece can g\u00fcvenliklerini, kamu g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve d\u00fczenini, ayr\u0131ca pandemi s\u00fcreci devam etti\u011finden kamu sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tehlikeye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmeleri nedeniyle haklar\u0131nda idari yapt\u0131r\u0131m uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 ilgili il\u00e7e emniyet m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden talep etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
6. Ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda idareye bildirimde bulunmadan bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 yapmas\u0131 nedeniyle 30\/3\/2005 tarihli ve 5326 say\u0131l\u0131 Kabahatler Kanunu’nun 32. maddesi uyar\u0131nca emre ayk\u0131r\u0131 davran\u0131\u015fta bulunmaktan 392 TL idari para cezas\u0131 uygulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130dari Yapt\u0131r\u0131m Tutana\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n “Kabahatle \u0130lgili Elde Edilen Deliler” b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne “izinsiz bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 yapmak” yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015fvurucu, bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l nitelikte olan bir bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131na kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek idari para cezas\u0131na itiraz etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
7. \u0130tiraz\u0131 inceleyen sulh ceza h\u00e2kimli\u011fi, ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda uygulanan idari para cezas\u0131n\u0131n usul ve kanuna uygun oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esiyle itiraz\u0131 kesin olarak reddetmi\u015f; kararda, ba\u015fvurucunun bildirimde bulunmadan ve idarece belirlenen yerler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 yaparak emre ayk\u0131r\u0131 davrand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
8. Ba\u015fvurucu, nihai h\u00fckm\u00fc 9\/6\/2021 tarihinde \u00f6\u011frendikten sonra 24\/6\/2021 tarihinde bireysel ba\u015fvuruda bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
9. Komisyon, ba\u015fvurucunun yarg\u0131lama giderlerini \u00f6demekten ge\u00e7ici olarak muaf tutulmas\u0131na, ba\u015fvurunun kabul edilebilirlik ve esas incelemesinin B\u00f6l\u00fcm taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lmas\u0131na karar vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
II. DE\u011eERLEND\u0130RME<\/p>\n
10. Ba\u015fvurucu; toplumsal cinsiyet e\u015fitli\u011fi i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele ve kad\u0131na \u015fiddet olgusuna y\u00f6nelik kamuoyu olu\u015fturmak amac\u0131yla etkinli\u011fe kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131n bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fini, kamu d\u00fczeninin bozulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, herhangi bir \u015fiddet olay\u0131 ya\u015fanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l g\u00f6steri sonras\u0131nda idari yapt\u0131r\u0131m uygulanmas\u0131 nedeniyle toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc d\u00fczenleme hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011finden yak\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
11. Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Bakanl\u0131k) g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde, uygulanan idari para cezas\u0131n\u0131n anayasal ve ki\u015fisel \u00f6nemden yoksun olmas\u0131 nedeniyle bireysel ba\u015fvurunun kabul edilebilirlik kriterlerini kar\u015f\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bildirilmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca koronavir\u00fcs salg\u0131n hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye’deki geli\u015fim s\u00fcreci a\u00e7\u0131klanarak ba\u015fvurucunun pandemi s\u00fcrecinde idarece belirlenen mek\u00e2nlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ve idareye bildirimde bulunmadan bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131na kat\u0131larak kamu sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, d\u00fczenini ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fini tehlikeye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmesi nedeniyle idari para cezas\u0131n\u0131n uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ifade edilmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fvurucu, Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 beyanda bulunmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
12. Ba\u015fvuru, toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc d\u00fczenleme hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda incelenmi\u015ftir (benzer y\u00f6ndeki de\u011ferlendirme i\u00e7in bkz. \u0130hsan U\u011fra\u015f, B. No: 2015\/5365, 3\/4\/2019, \u00a7 24; H\u00fcseyin Do\u011fan ve Yusuf Kaya, B. No: 2020\/4741, 5\/10\/2023, \u00a7 8; Song\u00fcl Eri\u015f ve Bedriye Ku\u015f, B. No: 2020\/38552, 30\/3\/2022, \u00a7 25).<\/p>\n
13. A\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a dayanaktan yoksun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kabul edilemezli\u011fine karar verilmesini gerektirecek ba\u015fka bir neden de bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lan ba\u015fvurunun kabul edilebilir oldu\u011funa karar verilmesi gerekir. 5326 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 32. maddesinin kanunilik \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir. M\u00fcdahalenin kamu d\u00fczeninin ve genel sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n korunmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik \u00f6nlemlerin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 oldu\u011fu ve me\u015fru bir ama\u00e7 ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna var\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
14. Sosyal medyada yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmayla sonradan kolluk g\u00f6revlilerince tespit edilen somut olayda, ba\u015fvurucunun idarece belirlenen alanlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ve idareye bildirimde bulunmaks\u0131z\u0131n bir etkinli\u011fe kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k ise de bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 yap\u0131p yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya etkinli\u011fi organize edip etmedi\u011fi bireysel ba\u015fvuru dosyas\u0131 kapsam\u0131ndan anla\u015f\u0131lamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Nitekim idari yapt\u0131r\u0131m karar tutana\u011f\u0131na dayanak olan belgede ba\u015fvurucunun bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131na kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, Emniyet M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn 3\/11\/2020 tarihli yaz\u0131s\u0131nda ise grubun pankart arkas\u0131nda toplanarak eylem yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir (bkz. \u00a7\u00a7 3, 5). \u00d6te yandan sulh ceza h\u00e2kimli\u011fi karar\u0131nda da ba\u015fvurucunun toplant\u0131y\u0131 organize etti\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde bir de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla somut olayda ba\u015fvurucunun idarece \u00f6nceden belirlenen yerler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ve bildirimde bulunmadan, idarenin karar\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak etkinli\u011fe kat\u0131lmas\u0131 nedeniyle idari yapt\u0131r\u0131m uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Buna g\u00f6re Anayasa Mahkemesi \u00f6n\u00fcndeki mesele, belirtilen \u015fekilde eyleme kat\u0131lan ba\u015fvurucuya idari para cezas\u0131 verilmek suretiyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen m\u00fcdahalenin demokratik toplum d\u00fczeninin gereklerine uygun olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesidir.<\/p>\n
15. Anayasa Mahkemesi daha \u00f6nce bir\u00e7ok karar\u0131nda bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l bir bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131n kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131na idarece verilen idari para cezas\u0131n\u0131n toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc d\u00fczenleme hakk\u0131na y\u00f6nelik bir m\u00fcdahale oldu\u011funu (Dursun Soydan ve di\u011ferleri, B. No: 2015\/2948, 14\/11\/2018, \u00a7 39; Song\u00fcl Eri\u015f ve Bedriye Ku\u015f, \u00a7 28; Canan Y\u00fcce ve di\u011ferleri, B. No: 2020\/37789, 4\/7\/2022, \u00a7 24), hafif nitelikte de olsa bir idari para cezas\u0131n\u0131n toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc d\u00fczenleme hakk\u0131n\u0131 kullanan ki\u015filerde cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 etki do\u011furabilece\u011fini kabul etmi\u015ftir (R\u0131za G\u00f6k\u00e7en Erus ve di\u011ferleri, B. No: 2014\/17391, 19\/4\/2018, \u00a7 55; Dursun Soydan ve di\u011ferleri \u00a7 63; Canan Y\u00fcce ve di\u011ferleri \u00a7 40). Bu nedenle Anayasa Mahkemesi somut olayda oldu\u011fu gibi bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik bir m\u00fcdahalenin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u00e2linde eylem nedeniyle kamu d\u00fczeninin bozulup bozulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bozulma tehlikesi olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ya da b\u00f6yle bir tehlikenin ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 incelemi\u015ftir (Dursun Soydan ve di\u011ferleri, \u00a7 57; Song\u00fcl Eri\u015f ve Bedriye Ku\u015f, \u00a7 49; R\u0131za G\u00f6k\u00e7en Erus ve di\u011ferleri, \u00a7 63).<\/p>\n
16. Anayasa Mahkemesi bildirim usul\u00fc ve uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n amac\u0131 ile s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n niteli\u011fi ve bu y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011fe ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k h\u00e2linde sorumlulu\u011fa y\u00f6nelik ilkeleri Selma Elma (B. No: 2017\/24902, 4\/7\/2019, \u00a7\u00a7 44-47) karar\u0131nda ortaya koymu\u015ftur. An\u0131lan kararda, toplant\u0131 hakk\u0131n\u0131n bildirim usul\u00fcne ba\u011flanabilece\u011fi belirtilmekle birlikte idareye \u00f6nceden bildirimin amac\u0131n\u0131n toplant\u0131, y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f veya di\u011fer g\u00f6sterilerin etkin \u015fekilde kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na almak i\u00e7in yetkililere makul ve uygun tedbir alma imk\u00e2n\u0131 sa\u011flamak oldu\u011funu vurgulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (benzer nitelikte de\u011ferlendirmeler i\u00e7in bkz. Dilan \u00d6g\u00fcz Canan [GK], B. No: 2014\/20411, 30\/11\/2017, \u00a7\u00a7 39, 40;Ali R\u0131za \u00d6zer ve di\u011ferleri, [GK], B. No: 2013\/3924, 6\/1\/2015, \u00a7\u00a7 121,122; E\u011fitim ve Bilim Emek\u00e7ileri Sendikas\u0131 ve di\u011ferleri, [GK], B. No: 2014\/920, 25\/5\/2017, \u00a7 81; Osman Erbil, B. No: 2013\/2394, 25\/3\/2015, \u00a7 52).<\/p>\n
17. Anayasa Mahkemesi, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n mek\u00e2n tercih etme serbest\u00eesine ve kamu makamlar\u0131nca s\u0131n\u0131rlanmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin ilkelerini ise \u015eerafettin Can Atalay (B. No: 2021\/9387, 19\/1\/202, \u00a7\u00a7 36-42) karar\u0131nda ortaya koymu\u015ftur. An\u0131lan kararda, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan tercih edilen toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc d\u00fczenleme mek\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nceden belirlenen yer ve g\u00fczerg\u00e2hlardan olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015feklinde ilgili ve yeterli olmayan bir gerek\u00e7eyle idari makamlar taraf\u0131ndan reddedilmesinin toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc hakk\u0131n\u0131 ihlal etti\u011fi sonucuna varm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (benzer y\u00f6ndeki farkl\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmeler i\u00e7in bkz. T\u00fcrkiye Devrimci \u0130\u015f\u00e7i Sendikalar\u0131 Konfederasyonu (D\u0130SK) ve di\u011ferleri [GK], B. No: 2016\/14517, 12\/10\/2023, \u00a7 76).<\/p>\n
18. Ayr\u0131ca Anayasa Mahkemesi yerle\u015fik i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131nda usul\u00fcne uygun olarak verilmi\u015f bir emre ayk\u0131r\u0131 davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tek ba\u015f\u0131na temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklere m\u00fcdahale i\u00e7in yeterli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015ftir. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede temel hakka m\u00fcdahaleyi hakl\u0131 k\u0131lacak olan -kamu g\u00fcvenli\u011finin, kamu d\u00fczeninin, genel sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bozuldu\u011funun veya bozulma tehlikesinin bulundu\u011funun- me\u015fru gerek\u00e7e ile \u00e7at\u0131\u015fan hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck de\u011ferleri aras\u0131nda kurulan adil dengenin kamu g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc kullanan yetkili mercilerin kararlar\u0131nda ortaya konulmas\u0131, aksi h\u00e2lde bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l bir g\u00f6steri veya bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 nedeniyle kural olarak cezai bir yapt\u0131r\u0131m uygulanmamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini vurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (bir\u00e7ok karar aras\u0131nda bkz. Dilan \u00d6g\u00fcz Canan, \u00a7\u00a7 51, 53; Song\u00fcl Eri\u015f ve Bedriye Ku\u015f, \u00a7\u00a7 49, 50; \u0130brahim Bilen ve di\u011ferleri, B. No: 2019\/23334, 22\/2\/2022, \u00a7 54; Z\u00fclk\u00fcf Y\u0131ld\u0131z ve di\u011ferleri, B. No: 2019\/35399, 16\/3\/2022, \u00a7 53; R\u0131za G\u00f6k\u00e7en Erus ve di\u011ferleri, \u00a7\u00a7 52, 56, 68, 73; farkl\u0131 ba\u011flamda benzer de\u011ferlendirmeler i\u00e7in bkz. \u0130smail Sar\u0131kabaday\u0131 ve di\u011ferleri, B. No: 2016\/23696, 8\/6\/2021, \u00a7 45; Ali Orak ve \u0130rfan G\u00fcl, B. No: 2014\/10626, 18\/4\/2018, \u00a7\u00a7 62-67).<\/p>\n
19. Kolluk tutanaklar\u0131nda ve h\u00e2kimlik karar\u0131 incelendi\u011finde bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131n veya ba\u015fvurucunun kamu d\u00fczenini bozdu\u011fu ya da bu y\u00f6nde ciddi bir tehlike do\u011furdu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcnde herhangi bir de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00dcstelik somut olay sonradan sosyal medya arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile tespit edilmi\u015f olup kolluk kuvvetlerinin olay yerinde dahi bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. O h\u00e2lde bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131n bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l \u015fekilde tamamland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bu esnada kolluk g\u00fc\u00e7leri taraf\u0131ndan m\u00fcdahale edilmesini gerektirecek bir durum da ya\u015fanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca ba\u015fvurucunun bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131 organize eden ya da y\u00f6neten konumunda oldu\u011funa dair bir tespit de yoktur.<\/p>\n
20. Somut olayda Emniyet M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, koronavir\u00fcs pandemi s\u00fcrecinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen etkinli\u011fin kamu sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tehlikeye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmesi nedeniyle de idari yapt\u0131r\u0131m uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 talep etmi\u015f ise de gerek idari yapt\u0131r\u0131m tutana\u011f\u0131 gerekse h\u00e2kimlik karar\u0131nda an\u0131lan gerek\u00e7eye dayan\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr (bkz. \u00a7\u00a7 5-7). Ayr\u0131ca bireysel ba\u015fvuru dosyas\u0131nda 5326 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 32. maddesi uyar\u0131nca yetkili merciler taraf\u0131ndan genel sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n korunmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla idare taraf\u0131ndan verilen bir emir de tespit edilememi\u015ftir. \u00d6te yandan yakla\u015f\u0131k on ki\u015finin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 etkinli\u011fin veya somut olay\u0131n ko\u015fullar\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucunun eyleminin genel sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tehlikeye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren bir duruma neden oldu\u011fu yetkili otoritelerce makul \u015fekilde g\u00f6sterilmemi\u015ftir. (bkz. \u00a7 4).<\/p>\n
21. Her ne kadar ba\u015fvurucunun ilgili makamlar taraf\u0131ndan verilen emirlere uymamas\u0131 nedeniyle ko\u015fullar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u00e2linde cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnse de kamu makamlar\u0131n\u0131n ve mahkemelerin bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l bi\u00e7imde yap\u0131lan etkinli\u011fe kat\u0131lan ba\u015fvurucunun bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l \u015fekilde toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc d\u00fczenleme hakk\u0131 ile yerel makamlar\u0131n kamu d\u00fczenini koruma hakk\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki dengeyi sa\u011flama y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri devam etmektedir (benzer y\u00f6ndeki de\u011ferlendirme i\u00e7in bkz. Canan Y\u00fcce ve di\u011ferleri, \u00a7 49; cezaland\u0131rmaya ili\u015fkin a\u00e7\u0131klamalar i\u00e7in bkz. Dilan \u00d6g\u00fcz Canan, \u00a7 40; E\u011fitim ve Bilim Emek\u00e7ileri Sendikas\u0131 ve di\u011ferleri \u00a7 81; Selma Elma,\u00a7\u00a7 46, 47) .<\/p>\n
22. Ba\u015fvuruya konu somut olay yukar\u0131daki kararda belirtilen ilkeler \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde gerek idarece d\u00fczenlenen tutanakta gerekse h\u00e2kimlik karar\u0131nda ba\u015fvuruya konu idari para cezas\u0131n\u0131n zorunlu bir toplumsal ihtiyac\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve yar\u0131\u015fan haklar aras\u0131nda adil bir denge kuruldu\u011funa ili\u015fkin ilgili ve yeterli bir gerek\u00e7e ortaya konulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu nedenle ba\u015fvurucuya verilen idari para cezas\u0131n\u0131n demokratik toplum d\u00fczeninin gereklerine uygun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna ula\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
23. A\u00e7\u0131klanan gerek\u00e7elerle Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 34. maddesinde g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc d\u00fczenleme hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
III. G\u0130DER\u0130M <\/p>\n
24. Ba\u015fvurucu, ihlalin tespiti ve yeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ile 10.000 TL manevi tazminat talebinde bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
25. Ba\u015fvuruda tespit edilen hak ihlalinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lmas\u0131nda hukuki yarar ve zorunluluk bulunmaktad\u0131r. Anayasa’n\u0131n 148. ve 153. maddeleri ile 30\/3\/2011 tarihli ve 6216 say\u0131l\u0131 Anayasa Mahkemesinin Kurulu\u015fu ve Yarg\u0131lama Usulleri Hakk\u0131nda Kanun’un 50. ve 66. maddeleri uyar\u0131nca ihlal karar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6nderildi\u011fi yarg\u0131 mercilerince yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken i\u015f, yeniden yarg\u0131lama i\u015flemlerini ba\u015flat\u0131p Anayasa Mahkemesinin ihlal karar\u0131nda belirtilen ilkelere ve gerek\u00e7elere uygun bi\u00e7imde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclecek yarg\u0131lama sonunda hak ihlalinin nedenlerini gidererek yeni bir karar vermektir (yeniden yarg\u0131lama konusunda bkz. Mehmet Do\u011fan [GK], B. No: 2014\/8875, 7\/6\/2018, \u00a7\u00a7 54-60; Alig\u00fcl Alkaya ve di\u011ferleri (2), B. No: 2016\/12506, 7\/11\/2019, \u00a7\u00a7 53-60, 66; Kadri Enis Berbero\u011flu (3) [GK], B. No: 2020\/32949, 21\/1\/2021, \u00a7\u00a7 93-100).<\/p>\n
26. \u00d6te yandan hak ihlali karar\u0131ndan Anayasa Mahkemesinin davan\u0131n sonucuyla ilgili olarak bir tutum sergiledi\u011fi sonucu \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r.Anayasa Mahkemesince verilen hak ihlali karar\u0131 uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olup davan\u0131n kabul\u00fcne, reddine ya da beraate veya mahk\u00fbmiyete karar verilmesi gerekti\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelmemektedir. Kural olarak, yarg\u0131laman\u0131n her a\u015famas\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi ihlalin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 gidermek \u00fczere yeniden yap\u0131lacak yarg\u0131lama sonunda da delillerin dava ile ili\u015fkisini kurma ve bunlar\u0131 de\u011ferlendirip sonu\u00e7 \u00e7\u0131karma yetkisi ilgili mahkemelere aittir.<\/p>\n
27. \u0130hlalin ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n yeterli giderim sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan tazminat talebinin reddine karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
IV. H\u00dcK\u00dcM<\/p>\n
A\u00e7\u0131klanan gerek\u00e7elerle;<\/p>\n
A. Toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc d\u00fczenleme hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine ili\u015fkin iddian\u0131n KABUL ED\u0130LEB\u0130L\u0130R OLDU\u011eUNA,<\/p>\n
B. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 34. maddesinde g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc d\u00fczenleme hakk\u0131n\u0131n \u0130HLAL ED\u0130LD\u0130\u011e\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
C. Karar\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011finin toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc d\u00fczenleme hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlalinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lmak \u00fczere Mersin 1. Sulh Ceza H\u00e2kimli\u011fine (2021\/2730 D. \u0130\u015f) G\u00d6NDER\u0130LMES\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
D. Ba\u015fvurucunun tazminat talebinin REDD\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
E. 30.000 TL vek\u00e2let \u00fccretinden olu\u015fan yarg\u0131lama giderinin ba\u015fvurucuya \u00d6DENMES\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
F. \u00d6demenin karar\u0131n tebli\u011fini takiben ba\u015fvurucunun Hazine ve Maliye Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u015fvuru tarihinden itibaren d\u00f6rt ay i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lmas\u0131na, \u00f6demede gecikme olmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde bu s\u00fcrenin sona erdi\u011fi tarihten \u00f6deme tarihine kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre i\u00e7in yasal FA\u0130Z UYGULANMASINA,<\/p>\n
G. Karar\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011finin Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na G\u00d6NDER\u0130LMES\u0130NE, 21\/1\/2025 tarihinde OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE karar verildi.<\/p>\n
\u200bAnayasa Mahkemesi’nin 21\/1\/2025 tarihli ve 2021\/35995 ba\u015fvuru numaral\u0131 karar\u0131\u00a0Hukuki Haber<\/p>\n
Haberin Al\u0131nt\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kaynak: www.hukukihaber.net<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u00dcRK\u0130YE CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130 ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130 \u00a0 \u00a0 B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM \u00a0 KARAR \u00a0 \u00c7\u0130\u011eDEM SER\u0130N BA\u015eVURUSU (Ba\u015fvuru Numaras\u0131: 2021\/35995) \u00a0 Karar Tarihi: 21\/1\/2025 R.G. Tarih ve Say\u0131: 6\/5\/2025 – 32892 \u00a0 B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM \u00a0 KARAR Ba\u015fkan : Hasan Tahsin G\u00d6KCAN \u00dcyeler : Recai AKYEL \u00a0 \u00a0 Selahaddin MENTE\u015e \u00a0 \u00a0 Muhterem \u0130NCE \u00a0 \u00a0 Y\u0131lmaz AK\u00c7\u0130L Raport\u00f6r : Hasan H\u00dcZMEL\u0130 Ba\u015fvurucu : \u00c7i\u011fdem SER\u0130N Vekili : Av. Zahide YILDIZTEK\u0130N \u00a0 I. BA\u015eVURUNUN \u00d6ZET\u0130 1. Ba\u015fvuru, idarece \u00f6nceden belirlenen yerler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ve idareye bildirimde bulunulmadan bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131na i\u015ftirak edildi\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle emre ayk\u0131r\u0131 davran\u0131\u015ftan idari para cezas\u0131 uygulanmas\u0131 nedeniyle toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc d\u00fczenleme hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fi iddias\u0131na ili\u015fkindir. 2. Mersin Valili\u011fi (Valilik) taraf\u0131ndan 15\/1\/2020 tarihli kararla m\u00fclki s\u0131n\u0131rlar i\u00e7inde 2020 y\u0131l\u0131 toplanma alanlar\u0131, y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f g\u00fczerg\u00e2hlar\u0131, miting alanlar\u0131 ve bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 yap\u0131lacak yerler belirlenmi\u015f ve resm\u00ee internet sitesinden duyurulmu\u015ftur. An\u0131lan kararda ayr\u0131ca bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 etkinliklerinin kamu d\u00fczenini, e\u011fitim \u00f6\u011fretimi, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hayat\u0131n\u0131 ve ticaret h\u00fcrriyetini engelleyici veya bozucu bi\u00e7imde olmamak kayd\u0131yla ve 6\/10\/1983 tarihli ve 2911 say\u0131l\u0131 Toplant\u0131 ve G\u00f6steri Y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015fleri Kanunu’nun “Bildirim verilmesi” kenar ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 10. maddesinde belirtilen s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde bilgi verilmek suretiyle yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi hususu belirtilmi\u015ftir. 3. Ba\u015fvurucu 25\/10\/2020 tarihinde Mersin’in G\u00fcvenevler Mahallesi Gazi Mustafa Kemal Bulvar\u0131’nda bulunan bir ma\u011faza \u00f6n\u00fcnde d\u00fczenlenen “G\u00fcvenceli …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-77730","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hukukihaber"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n