T\u00dcRK\u0130YE CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130<\/p>\n
ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130<\/p>\n
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KARAR<\/p>\n
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R. B.\u00a0BA\u015eVURUSU<\/p>\n
(Ba\u015fvuru Numaras\u0131: 2022\/106362)<\/p>\n
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Karar Tarihi: 11\/12\/2024<\/p>\n
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KARAR<\/p>\n
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Ba\u015fkan<\/p>\n
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Kenan YA\u015eAR<\/p>\n
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Av. Zeynep Sedef \u00d6ZDO\u011eAN<\/p>\n
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I. BA\u015eVURUNUN \u00d6ZET\u0130<\/p>\n
1. Ba\u015fvuru, beyanlar\u0131 h\u00fckme esas al\u0131nan gizli tan\u0131klar\u0131n ba\u015fvurucu (san\u0131k) taraf\u0131ndan duru\u015fmada sorgulanmas\u0131na imk\u00e2n verilmemesi nedeniyle tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fi iddias\u0131na ili\u015fkindir.<\/p>\n
2. Ayd\u0131n Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131k) ba\u015fvurucunun Fetullah\u00e7\u0131 Ter\u00f6r \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\/Paralel Devlet Yap\u0131lanmas\u0131 (FET\u00d6\/PDY) \u00fcyesi oldu\u011fu \u015f\u00fcphesiyle ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda soru\u015fturma ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015f ve 17\/7\/2016 tarihinde g\u00f6zalt\u0131 karar\u0131 vermi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fvurucu daha sonra tutuklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/p>\n
3. Soru\u015fturma neticesinde Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131k, 27\/4\/2017 tarihli iddianameyle ba\u015fvurucunun da aralar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu altm\u0131\u015f bir ki\u015finin silahl\u0131 ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcne \u00fcye olma, \u00fc\u00e7 ki\u015finin ise silahl\u0131 ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc kurma veya y\u00f6netme su\u00e7undan cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 talep etmi\u015ftir. \u0130ddianamenin ba\u015fvurucuyla ilgili k\u0131sm\u0131nda, tan\u0131k anlat\u0131mlar\u0131 ile etkin pi\u015fmanl\u0131k kapsam\u0131nda ifade veren \u015f\u00fcphelilerin beyanlar\u0131na ve ba\u015fvurucunun Bank Asyadaki hesab\u0131yla ili\u015fkili olarak al\u0131nan bilirki\u015fi raporuna yer verilmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca ba\u015fvurucunun hekim oldu\u011fu ve Ayd\u0131n Devlet Hastanesinde ba\u015fhekim yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 olarak bir s\u00fcre g\u00f6rev yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilerek K\u00fcresel Doktorlar Ayd\u0131n Sa\u011fl\u0131k Derne\u011fi ile Ayd\u0131n Kalk\u0131nd\u0131rma ve E\u011fitim Derne\u011finin kurucular\u0131ndan oldu\u011fu bilgisi verilmi\u015ftir. Bu kapsamda s\u00f6z konusu derneklerin FET\u00d6\/PDY’nin ama\u00e7lar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda kuruldu\u011fu, sa\u011fl\u0131k te\u015fkilat\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde yer alan mensuplar\u0131n\u0131n derne\u011fe \u00fcye oldu\u011fu iddia edilmi\u015ftir. \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fcn sa\u011fl\u0131k te\u015fkilat\u0131 i\u00e7erisindeki yap\u0131lanmas\u0131 ve faaliyetleri dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucunun \u00f6rg\u00fcte yeni eleman temini ve \u00f6rg\u00fcte finans sa\u011flanmas\u0131nda aktif olarak yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddia edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
4. \u0130ddianamenin kabul\u00fc ile a\u00e7\u0131lan dava Ayd\u0131n 3. A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Mahkemesince g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yarg\u0131lamada 17\/5\/2017 tarihinde duru\u015fma haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015flemleri yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tensip Tutana\u011f\u0131’nda -di\u011ferlerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra- dosyada ismi ge\u00e7en tan\u0131klar\u0131n dinlenilmesi i\u00e7in gerekli i\u015flemlerin yap\u0131lmas\u0131na dair karar verilmi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n
5. M\u00fcdafi e\u015fli\u011finde ba\u015fvurucunun savunmas\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 7\/8\/2017 tarihli ikinci celsede ba\u015fvurucu, otuz \u00fc\u00e7 sayfa yaz\u0131l\u0131 beyanda bulundu\u011funu belirterek s\u00f6zl\u00fc beyanlar\u0131n\u0131n zapta ge\u00e7irilmesi talebinin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmi\u015f ve su\u00e7lamalar\u0131 reddetmi\u015ftir. Duru\u015fmada haz\u0131r bulunan t\u00fcm san\u0131klar\u0131n savunmalar\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131ndan sonra tan\u0131klar\u0131n dinlenilmesine ge\u00e7ilmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda beyanda bulunan ve gizli tan\u0131k olmayan ki\u015filerin beyanlar\u0131 yine bu ikinci celsede al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu ki\u015filerin dinlenilmesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucu veya m\u00fcdafi taraf\u0131ndan ilgili tan\u0131klara bir soru y\u00f6neltilmemi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n
6. Tan\u0131klardan V.B., soru\u015fturma a\u015famas\u0131ndaki ifadelerini yinelemi\u015ftir. Bu kapsamda “San\u0131k ile birlikte toplant\u0131lara kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bir\u00e7ok kere san\u0131\u011f\u0131n burs, kurban, nafaka, zekat ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda para istedi\u011fini, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n Atat\u00fcrk Devlet Hastanesinde g\u00fclen cemaati mensubu olmayan hastane \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131ndan dahi burs, kurban vs ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda para toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, en aktif \u015fekilde cemaatin faaliyetlerini organize eden kurban vs. ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda para toplayan ki\u015filerden oldu\u011funu” belirtmi\u015ftir. Bir di\u011fer tan\u0131k E.T.nin “San\u0131\u011f\u0131n hastane i\u00e7erisinde cemaat\u00e7i oldu\u011funa ili\u015fkin yayg\u0131n bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f oldu\u011funu, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n da [H.Y.nin] ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ayd\u0131n Sa\u011fl\u0131k Derne\u011finde aktif olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ayr\u0131ca bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda san\u0131\u011f\u0131n burs, kurban, sadaka, himmet istedi\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde hastane i\u00e7erisinde duyumlar ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bunlardan dolay\u0131 kendisinin Fethullah\u00e7\u0131 oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc” ifade etti\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yine ba\u015fvurucunun haz\u0131r bulundu\u011fu celsede ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda beyanda bulunan ve kar\u0131 koca olan tan\u0131klardan biri “San\u0131\u011f\u0131n Ayd\u0131n Sa\u011fl\u0131k Derne\u011finin \u00fcyesi oldu\u011funu, cemaatle ilgisinin oldu\u011funu” belirtirken e\u015fi de “San\u0131kla kendisinin kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 cemaat sohbetlerinde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131” beyan etmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda etkin pi\u015fmanl\u0131k h\u00fck\u00fcmleri kapsam\u0131nda beyanda bulunan ve ayn\u0131 dosyada san\u0131k olarak yarg\u0131lanan U.K.n\u0131n savunmas\u0131 da bu duru\u015fmada al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ki\u015finin soru\u015fturma evresinde ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda “Doktorlardan Recep Baltac\u0131’n\u0131n t\u00fcm Ayd\u0131n’\u0131n bildi\u011fi gibi m\u00fctevelli seviyesinde cemaat\u00e7i oldu\u011funu biliyorum” \u015feklinde ifade verdi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Duru\u015fmada \u00f6nceki beyanlar\u0131n\u0131 yinelemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
7. Celse sonunda gizli tan\u0131klar\u0131n heyet\u00e7e bilahare dinlenmesine, Ayd\u0131n ilinde ses ve g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi yap\u0131labilecek teknik imk\u00e2n bulunmamas\u0131, san\u0131klar ve m\u00fcdafilerine soru sorma hakk\u0131n\u0131n yaz\u0131l\u0131 olarak tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 nazara al\u0131narak taraflar\u0131n haz\u0131r bulundu\u011fu oturumda gizli tan\u0131klar\u0131n dinlenilmesi y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki taleplerin reddedilmesine dair ara karar\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir. Di\u011fer taraftan gizli tan\u0131klara sorulmas\u0131 istenen sorular ile ilgili yaz\u0131l\u0131 olarak beyanda bulunmak \u00fczere m\u00fcdafilere ve san\u0131klara on g\u00fcnl\u00fck s\u00fcre verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
8. Mahkemece ayr\u0131ca, bilirki\u015fiye t\u00fcm san\u0131klar\u0131n 1\/1\/2011 tarihinden Bank Asyan\u0131n faaliyetini durdurdu\u011fu tarihe kadar ki hesap hareketlerinin dijital ortamda g\u00f6nderilmesi kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu kapsamda san\u0131klar\u0131n 1\/1\/2014 tarihinden itibaren kendi hesaplar\u0131na yeni para giri\u015fi yap\u0131p yapmad\u0131klar\u0131, a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f olduklar\u0131 kat\u0131l\u0131m, d\u00f6viz ve alt\u0131n hesaplar\u0131n\u0131n temdit (yenileme) hesab\u0131 m\u0131 oldu\u011fu yoksa yeni para giri\u015fi sonucu a\u00e7\u0131lan hesap m\u0131 oldu\u011fu hususunda her bir san\u0131k y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 ek rapor d\u00fczenlenmesi Mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan talep edilmi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n
9. Gizli tan\u0131klardan Bayram 5\/9\/2017 tarihinde san\u0131klar haz\u0131r bulunmaks\u0131z\u0131n dinlenilmi\u015ftir. Bu kapsamda gizli tan\u0131k Bayram beyan\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucu ile ilgili olarak \u00f6zetle; “San\u0131\u011f\u0131n 10-15 senedir doktorlardan sorumlu imam oldu\u011funu, doktorlardan her ay d\u00fczenli olarak para toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yine doktorlardan duydu\u011funu, 17-25 Aral\u0131k s\u00fcrecinden sonra \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 hastaneye her g\u00fcn d\u00fczenli olarak 3 tane Zaman Gazetesi ald\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131” belirtmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
10. Ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda beyanda bulunan di\u011fer gizli tan\u0131klar ise 17\/10\/2017 tarihinde yap\u0131lan celselerde dinlenilmi\u015ftir. Bu kapsamda gizli tan\u0131k Cenk ba\u015fvurucu ile ilgili olarak beyan\u0131nda \u00f6zetle; “Kendisinin doktor olarak g\u00f6rev yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, FET\u00d6\/PDY yap\u0131lanmas\u0131 ile san\u0131\u011f\u0131n vas\u0131tas\u0131 ile tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, san\u0131kla ayn\u0131 sohbet grubunda oldu\u011funu, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n d\u00fczenledi\u011fi sohbet toplant\u0131lar\u0131na kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, gruplar\u0131n\u0131n sorumlusunun san\u0131k oldu\u011funu, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n Atat\u00fcrk Devlet Hastanesi’ndeki doktorlardan fitre, zekat ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda para toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Zaman Gazetesi ve S\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131 Dergisi abonesi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, kendisine kurban paras\u0131 verdi\u011fini, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n geziler d\u00fczenledi\u011fini ve kendisini de \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n telkinleri \u00fczerine [A. T.] isimli \u015fahs\u0131n dairesini \u00f6ld\u00fckten sonra cemaate verilmek \u00fczere ba\u011f\u0131\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, [Ba\u015fhekim] [H. Y.] ve san\u0131k sayesinde Atat\u00fcrk Devlet Hastanesi’nde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan personelin bir \u00e7o\u011funun FET\u00d6\/PDY’ye kurban, burs ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bulunduklar\u0131n\u0131, gazete, dergi abonesi olduklar\u0131n\u0131, sohbetlere kat\u0131lmak zorunda kald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, aksi davran\u0131\u015f sergileyenlerin ge\u00e7ici g\u00f6revle il d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda g\u00f6revlendirildiklerini, hastanede \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n korkular\u0131ndan san\u0131k ve [H. Y.nin] taleplerine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k vermek zorunda kald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131” beyan etmi\u015ftir. Di\u011fer bir gizli tan\u0131k Erdal da beyan\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucu ile ilgili olarak \u00f6zetle; “San\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00fcst m\u00fctevellilerin bir alt grubunda bulunan m\u00fctevellilerden oldu\u011funu, m\u00fctevellilerin her y\u0131l himmet \u00f6dediklerini, kurban, burs vb. maddi yard\u0131mlar toplad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n cemaat i\u00e7erisinde halen etkin oldu\u011funu, sohbet toplant\u0131lar\u0131na kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131” belirtmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda beyanda bulunan \u00f6teki gizli tan\u0131klar da benzer beyanlarda bulunmu\u015ftur. Duru\u015fma zab\u0131tlar\u0131ndan ba\u015fvurucunun veya ba\u015fvurucu m\u00fcdafiinin gizli tan\u0131klara soru sormak i\u00e7in yaz\u0131l\u0131 olarak beyanda bulunmad\u0131klar\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
11. Ba\u015fvurucu 19\/2\/2018 tarihli celsede Cumhuriyet savc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n esas hakk\u0131ndaki m\u00fctaalas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcre istemi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n
12. 28\/5\/2018 tarihinde yap\u0131lan celse sonunda Ayd\u0131n 3. A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Mahkemesi silahl\u0131 ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc \u00fcyeli\u011fi kapsam\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda mahk\u00fbmiyet karar\u0131 vermi\u015ftir. Bu kapsamda takdiri indirim y\u00f6n\u00fcnden -azami oran olan- 1\/6 yerine 1\/9 \u015feklinde uygulama yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve neticeten ba\u015fvurucunun 8 y\u0131l hapis cezas\u0131 ile cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
13. Ba\u015fvurucunun istinaf istemi esastan reddedilmi\u015ftir. Temyiz incelemesi yapan Yarg\u0131tay (kapat\u0131lan) 16. Ceza Dairesi, 29\/6\/2021 tarihinde i\u015fin esas\u0131na ili\u015fkin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirme sonucunda be\u015f san\u0131k y\u00f6n\u00fcnden h\u00fckm\u00fcn onanmas\u0131 karar\u0131 verirken ba\u015fvurucunun aralar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu di\u011fer san\u0131klar y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ise \u00e7e\u015fitli sebeplerle h\u00fckm\u00fcn bozulmas\u0131na karar vermi\u015ftir. Bu kapsamda Yarg\u0131tay\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fcte m\u00fczahir gazete aboneli\u011finin m\u00fcsnet su\u00e7 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden delil ya da \u00f6rg\u00fctsel faaliyet olarak kabul edilmeyece\u011fini belirleyerek esastan inceleme yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Esas inceleme sonucunda bozma sebeplerinden birisi, ilgili ve yeterli gerek\u00e7e g\u00f6sterilmeden genel uygulamadan da ayr\u0131larak indirimin 1\/9 oran\u0131nda tatbik edilmesidir. Di\u011fer bir bozma gerek\u00e7esi ise rutin bankac\u0131l\u0131k i\u015flemleri yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tespit edilmesine ra\u011fmen mahkeme kabul\u00fcnde Bank Asya hesab\u0131ndaki hareketlere yer verilmesine dayanmaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n
14. Bozmadan sonra yap\u0131lan celsede ba\u015fvurucu ve m\u00fcdafii haz\u0131r bulunmu\u015ftur. Ba\u015fvurucu koronavir\u00fcs \u00f6nlemleri \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde ceza infaz kurumundan ses ve g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc bili\u015fim sistemi (SEGB\u0130S) yolu ile duru\u015fmaya kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015fvurucunun, di\u011fer san\u0131klar\u0131n ve Cumhuriyet savc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc al\u0131nd\u0131ktan sonra Yarg\u0131tay\u0131n bozma karar\u0131na uyulmas\u0131na dair ara karar\u0131 tesis edilmi\u015ftir. Tek celsede y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen bu yarg\u0131lamada ba\u015fvurucu, Cumhuriyet savc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n esas hakk\u0131ndaki m\u00fctalaas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcre istememi\u015f ve beyanlar\u0131n\u0131 sunmu\u015f, ayr\u0131ca yap\u0131lan bu duru\u015fmaya SEGB\u0130S ile kat\u0131lmas\u0131na dair muvafakatini bildirmi\u015ftir. Duru\u015fmada ba\u015fvurucu, dosyada aleyhine olarak sadece etkin pi\u015fmanl\u0131kta bulunan ki\u015filerin ifadeleri bulundu\u011funu belirtmi\u015ftir. Celse sonunda Mahkemece takdiri indirim oran\u0131 1\/6 \u015feklinde uygulanmak suretiyle ba\u015fvurucuya alt s\u0131n\u0131rdan uzakla\u015f\u0131lmak suretiyle neticeten 7 y\u0131l 6 ay hapis cezas\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
15. Gerek\u00e7eli kararda \u00f6ncelikle Yarg\u0131tay bozma ilam\u0131 do\u011frultusunda ba\u015fvurucunun \u00f6rg\u00fcte ait finans kurulu\u015fu olan Bank Asyadaki hesap hareketlerinin rutin bankac\u0131l\u0131k i\u015flemleri olarak de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finden h\u00fckme esas al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir. Daha sonra \u00e7e\u015fitli a\u015famalarda ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda beyanda bulunan ki\u015filerin, ayn\u0131 dosyada yarg\u0131lanan ve etkin pi\u015fmanl\u0131k kapsam\u0131nda ifade veren san\u0131k U. K.n\u0131n beyanlar\u0131na yer verilmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca \u00f6rg\u00fcte iltisakl\u0131 derneklere \u00fcye olman\u0131n tek ba\u015f\u0131na mahk\u00fbmiyete esas olarak de\u011ferlendirilemeyece\u011fi ifade edilse de di\u011fer delillerle birlikte g\u00f6z\u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucunun \u00f6rg\u00fctle organik ba\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde kanaat olu\u015fturdu\u011funa yer verilmi\u015ftir. Yine ba\u015fvurucunun Afyon’da ayn\u0131 su\u00e7 kapsam\u0131nda yarg\u0131lanan san\u0131klarla birlikte 21\/2\/2014 tarihinde bir otelde bir araya gelmesinin de \u00f6rg\u00fctsel bir toplant\u0131 oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcnde kanaat olu\u015fturdu\u011fu gerek\u00e7eli kararda belirtilmi\u015ftir. Bu kapsamda t\u00fcm deliller birlikte de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde ba\u015fvurucunun; \u00f6rg\u00fct i\u00e7erisinde doktorlarla ilgilenen ki\u015filerden oldu\u011fu, \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn toplant\u0131lar\u0131na kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve toplant\u0131lar d\u00fczenledi\u011fi, \u00f6rg\u00fctsel faaliyetlerle ilgilendi\u011fi, \u00f6rg\u00fcte finansal destek sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve destek sa\u011flanmas\u0131na arac\u0131l\u0131k etti\u011fi, \u00f6rg\u00fctle aras\u0131nda organik ba\u011f bulundu\u011fu, \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn g\u00fcvendi\u011fi ki\u015filerden oldu\u011fu, eylemlerinin \u00f6rg\u00fct \u00fcyeli\u011fi i\u00e7in aranan \u00e7e\u015fitlilik, s\u00fcreklilik ve yo\u011funluk kriterlerine uydu\u011fu kanaatine var\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
16. Temyiz incelemesi sonucunda Yarg\u0131tay 3. Ceza Dairesi 10\/10\/2022 tarihinde h\u00fckm\u00fcn onanmas\u0131na karar vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
17. Ba\u015fvurucu, nihai h\u00fckm\u00fc 8\/12\/2022 tarihinde \u00f6\u011frendikten sonra 16\/12\/2022 tarihinde bireysel ba\u015fvuruda bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
18. Komisyon; tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki \u015fik\u00e2yetlerin kabul edilemez oldu\u011funa, an\u0131lan hakka ili\u015fkin \u015fik\u00e2yetlerin kabul edilebilirlik incelemesinin B\u00f6l\u00fcm taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lmas\u0131na karar vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
II. DE\u011eERLEND\u0130RME<\/p>\n
19. Ba\u015fvurucu, gizli olmayan tan\u0131klar\u0131n somut bir anlat\u0131mda bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bu tan\u0131klar\u0131n daha \u00f6nce etkin pi\u015fmanl\u0131k kapsam\u0131nda ayn\u0131 su\u00e7tan yarg\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade ederek menfaat temin ettiklerinin yok say\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia etmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca gizli tan\u0131klara soru sorma hakk\u0131n\u0131n engellendi\u011fini ve mahk\u00fbmiyet karar\u0131n\u0131n gizli tan\u0131k beyanlar\u0131na dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ileri s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. <\/p>\n
20. Bakanl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde, mahk\u00fbmiyet karar\u0131nda dayan\u0131lan tan\u0131k beyanlar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fvurucu ile avukat\u0131n\u0131n da bulundu\u011fu duru\u015fmalarda okundu\u011fu ve mahk\u00fbmiyet karar\u0131nda gizli tan\u0131k beyanlar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra di\u011fer delillere de dayan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ifade edilerek bu durumun g\u00f6z\u00f6n\u00fcnde tutulmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n
21. Ba\u015fvurucunun iddialar\u0131 adil yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131ndaki tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden incelenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
22. Anayasa Mahkemesi, bir\u00e7ok karar\u0131nda tan\u0131k kavram\u0131n\u0131 san\u0131\u011fa isnat edilen fiil hakk\u0131nda bilgi veren herhangi bir ki\u015fi \u015feklinde \u00f6zerk olarak yorumlam\u0131\u015f ve tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131 ile ilgili ilkeleri belirlemi\u015ftir (Atila O\u011fuz Boyal\u0131, B. No: 2013\/99, 20\/3\/2014; Sel\u00e7uk Demir, B. No: 2014\/9783, 22\/1\/2015; Az. M., B. No: 2013\/560, 16\/4\/2015; Baran Karada\u011f, B. No: 2014\/12906, 7\/5\/2015; Orhan G\u00fclery\u00fcz, B. No: 2019\/30221, 28\/12\/2021). Buna g\u00f6re bir ceza yarg\u0131lamas\u0131nda san\u0131\u011f\u0131n aleyhine olan tan\u0131klar\u0131 sorgulama ve sorgulatma hakk\u0131 vard\u0131r. Hakk\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen ceza yarg\u0131lamas\u0131 s\u00fcrecinde san\u0131\u011f\u0131n tan\u0131klara soru y\u00f6neltebilmesi, onlarla y\u00fczle\u015febilmesi ve tan\u0131klar\u0131n beyanlar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011frulu\u011funu s\u0131nama imk\u00e2n\u0131na sahip olmas\u0131 adil bir yarg\u0131laman\u0131n yap\u0131labilmesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan gereklidir (Az. M., \u00a7 55). Di\u011fer yandan bir mahk\u00fbmiyet -tek veya belirleyici \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde- san\u0131\u011f\u0131n soru\u015fturma veya yarg\u0131lama a\u015famas\u0131nda sorgulama veya sorgulatma imk\u00e2n\u0131 bulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir kimse taraf\u0131ndan verilen ifadelere dayand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve dengeleyici g\u00fcvenceler sa\u011flayan bir usul \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f ise san\u0131\u011f\u0131n haklar\u0131 Anayasa’n\u0131n 36. maddesindeki g\u00fcvencelerle ba\u011fda\u015fmayacak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde k\u0131s\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f olur (Orhan G\u00fclery\u00fcz, \u00a7 35).<\/p>\n
23. Anayasa Mahkemesi, tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131yla ilgili olarak verdi\u011fi kararlar\u0131nda somut bir yarg\u0131lama \u00f6ncesinde veya haricinde elde edilen tan\u0131k beyanlar\u0131n\u0131n delil olarak kabul\u00fcn\u00fcn yarg\u0131laman\u0131n adilli\u011fine zarar verip vermedi\u011fini de\u011ferlendirmek i\u00e7in \u00fc\u00e7 a\u015famal\u0131 bir test uygulanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini ifade etmektedir. Buna g\u00f6re ilk olarak tan\u0131\u011f\u0131n mahkemede haz\u0131r edilmemesi ge\u00e7erli bir nedenin mevcudiyetine dayanmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130kinci olarak san\u0131\u011f\u0131n sorgulama veya sorgulatma imk\u00e2n\u0131 bulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan verilen beyan\u0131n mahk\u00fbmiyetin dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 tek veya belirleyici delil olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekir. Sorgulama veya sorgulatma imk\u00e2n\u0131 tan\u0131nmayan tan\u0131\u011f\u0131n beyan\u0131n\u0131n tek veya belirleyici delil oldu\u011funun tespit edilmesi durumunda ise \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc a\u015fama olarak savunma taraf\u0131n\u0131n maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu olumsuzlu\u011fun telafi edilmesi amac\u0131yla yeterli d\u00fczeyde kar\u015f\u0131 dengeleyici g\u00fcvenceler sa\u011flayan bir usul\u00fcn y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcp y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmedi\u011fi ortaya konulmal\u0131d\u0131r (baz\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fikliklerle birlikte bkz. Abdurrahim Balur, B. No: 2013\/5467, 7\/1\/2016, \u00a7 80; Onur Urbay, B. No: 2014\/6222, 6\/3\/2019, \u00a7\u00a7 36, 40; Zekeriya Sevim, B. No: 2018\/18989, 16\/6\/2021, \u00a7\u00a7 44, 51). Bu kapsamda h\u00fckme ula\u015f\u0131l\u0131rken sorgulanmam\u0131\u015f tan\u0131k beyan\u0131n\u0131 destekleyen ba\u015fka do\u011frulay\u0131c\u0131 delillere dayan\u0131lmas\u0131 telafi edici g\u00fcvencelerden biri olarak kabul edilebilir (Orhan G\u00fclery\u00fcz, \u00a7 39). Mahkemenin yarg\u0131 \u00e7evresi d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki tan\u0131klar\u0131n -san\u0131\u011f\u0131n da onlara soru sormas\u0131na imk\u00e2n sa\u011flayacak ve sorulan sorulara verdikleri cevaplar hakk\u0131nda ki\u015fisel izlenim edinme f\u0131rsat\u0131 elde edecek \u015fekilde- SEGB\u0130S gibi vas\u0131talarla dinlenmesi telafi edici bir g\u00fcvence olabilir (baz\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fikliklerle birlikte U\u011fur \u00d6zcan, B. No: 2021\/12137, 26\/7\/2022, \u00a7 40). Sorgulanmayan tan\u0131\u011f\u0131n beyan\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenilirli\u011finin ve do\u011frulu\u011funun saptanmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla savunma taraf\u0131na sa\u011flanabilecek bir di\u011fer telafi edici g\u00fcvence ise san\u0131\u011fa olay\u0131 kendi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan anlatma ve delillerini sunma imk\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131d\u0131r (Orhan G\u00fclery\u00fcz, \u00a7 40).<\/p>\n
24. 4\/12\/2004 tarihli 5271 say\u0131l\u0131 Ceza Muhakemesi Kanunu\u2019nun 58. maddesinde, iki t\u00fcr tan\u0131k koruma tedbiri \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bunlardan ilki tan\u0131\u011f\u0131n kimli\u011finin gizli tutulmas\u0131, di\u011feri ise tan\u0131\u011f\u0131n h\u00e2kim taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131r bulunma hakk\u0131na sahip ki\u015filer olmaks\u0131z\u0131n dinlenmesidir. 27\/12\/2007 tarihli ve 5726 say\u0131l\u0131 Tan\u0131k Koruma Kanunu\u2019nun 5. maddesinde ise tan\u0131\u011f\u0131n, kimlik ve adres bilgilerinin kayda al\u0131narak gizli tutulmas\u0131 ve kendisine yap\u0131lacak tebligata ili\u015fkin ayr\u0131 bir adres tespit edilmesi, duru\u015fmada haz\u0131r bulunma hakk\u0131na sahip bulunanlar olmadan dinlenmesi ya da ses veya g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn de\u011fi\u015ftirilerek \u00f6zel ortamda dinlenmesi vb. gibi tedbirler de d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir (Baran Karada\u011f, \u00a7 61). <\/p>\n
25. Ba\u015fvuru konusu olayda incelenmesi gereken ilk sorun, beyanlar\u0131 delil olarak kabul edilen gizli tan\u0131klar\u0131n kimliklerinin neden gizlendi\u011finin ge\u00e7erli bir nedene dayan\u0131p dayanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Ba\u015fvuruya konu dosya i\u00e7eri\u011finden tan\u0131klar\u0131n kimliklerinin neden gizlendi\u011fi hususunda gerek\u00e7e g\u00f6sterilmedi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Ancak tan\u0131klar\u0131n kimliklerinin gizlenme sebebine ili\u015fkin ge\u00e7erli bir nedenin ortaya konulmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131, tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011finin kabul edilmesi i\u00e7in yeterli de\u011fildir. \u0130kinci olarak h\u00fckm\u00fcn tek ba\u015f\u0131na veya belirleyici \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ba\u015fvurucunun sorgulama veya sorgulatma imk\u00e2n\u0131na sahip olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131klar taraf\u0131ndan verilen ifadelere dayal\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
26. Mahkemenin gerek\u00e7eli karar\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda; gizli tan\u0131klar\u0131n beyanlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, ba\u015fvurucunun da bizzat haz\u0131r bulundu\u011fu celsede dinlenen tan\u0131k beyanlar\u0131na ve di\u011fer delillere g\u00f6re \u00f6rg\u00fct i\u00e7erisindeki toplant\u0131lara kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, m\u00fctevelli seviyesinde oldu\u011fu, bir d\u00f6nem ba\u015fhekim yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ba\u015fvurucunun \u00f6rg\u00fcte finansal destek sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla burs, zek\u00e2t, kurban adlar\u0131 alt\u0131nda hastane \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131ndan para istedi\u011fi beyanlar\u0131 ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere pek \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 delile dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu kapsamda duru\u015fmada sorgulanamayan gizli tan\u0131k beyanlar\u0131n\u0131n mahk\u00fbmiyet karar\u0131na g\u00f6t\u00fcren tek veya belirleyici nitelikte delil oldu\u011funun kabul\u00fc m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fcnmemektedir. Di\u011fer taraftan ba\u015fvurucunun sorgulama veya sorgulatma imk\u00e2n\u0131 bulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gizli tan\u0131k beyanlar\u0131n\u0131n tek veya belirleyici delil olarak mahk\u00fbmiyette kullan\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tespit edilmesi nedeniyle tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131yla ilgili uygulanan testin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc a\u015famas\u0131yla ilgili bir inceleme yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
27. A\u00e7\u0131klanan gerek\u00e7elerle ba\u015fvurunun a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a dayanaktan yoksun olmas\u0131 nedeniyle kabul edilemez oldu\u011funa karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
III. H\u00dcK\u00dcM<\/p>\n
A\u00e7\u0131klanan gerek\u00e7elerle;<\/p>\n
A. Tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine ili\u015fkin iddian\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a dayanaktan yoksun olmas\u0131 nedeniyle KABUL ED\u0130LEMEZ OLDU\u011eUNA,<\/p>\n
B. Yarg\u0131lama giderlerinin ba\u015fvurucu \u00fczerinde BIRAKILMASINA 11\/12\/2024 tarihinde OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE karar verildi.<\/p>\n
\u200bAnayasa Mahkemesi’nin 11\/12\/2024 tarihli ve 2022\/106362 ba\u015fvuru numaral\u0131 karar\u0131\u00a0Hukuki Haber<\/p>\n
Haberin Al\u0131nt\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kaynak: www.hukukihaber.net<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u00dcRK\u0130YE CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130 ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0130K\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM \u00a0 KARAR \u00a0 R. B.\u00a0BA\u015eVURUSU (Ba\u015fvuru Numaras\u0131: 2022\/106362) \u00a0 Karar Tarihi: 11\/12\/2024 \u00a0 \u0130K\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM \u00a0 KARAR \u00a0 Ba\u015fkan : Basri BA\u011eCI \u00dcyeler : Engin YILDIRIM \u00a0 \u00a0 Kenan YA\u015eAR \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00d6mer \u00c7INAR \u00a0 \u00a0 Metin KIRATLI Raport\u00f6r : Hikmet Murat AKKAYA Ba\u015fvurucu : Vekili : Av. Zeynep Sedef \u00d6ZDO\u011eAN \u00a0 I. BA\u015eVURUNUN \u00d6ZET\u0130 1. Ba\u015fvuru, beyanlar\u0131 h\u00fckme esas al\u0131nan gizli tan\u0131klar\u0131n ba\u015fvurucu (san\u0131k) taraf\u0131ndan duru\u015fmada sorgulanmas\u0131na imk\u00e2n verilmemesi nedeniyle tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fi iddias\u0131na ili\u015fkindir. 2. Ayd\u0131n Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131k) ba\u015fvurucunun Fetullah\u00e7\u0131 Ter\u00f6r \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\/Paralel Devlet Yap\u0131lanmas\u0131 (FET\u00d6\/PDY) \u00fcyesi oldu\u011fu \u015f\u00fcphesiyle ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda soru\u015fturma ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015f ve 17\/7\/2016 tarihinde g\u00f6zalt\u0131 karar\u0131 vermi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fvurucu daha sonra tutuklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 3. Soru\u015fturma neticesinde Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131k, 27\/4\/2017 tarihli iddianameyle ba\u015fvurucunun da aralar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu altm\u0131\u015f bir ki\u015finin silahl\u0131 ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcne \u00fcye olma, \u00fc\u00e7 ki\u015finin ise silahl\u0131 ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc kurma veya y\u00f6netme su\u00e7undan cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 talep etmi\u015ftir. \u0130ddianamenin ba\u015fvurucuyla ilgili k\u0131sm\u0131nda, tan\u0131k anlat\u0131mlar\u0131 ile etkin pi\u015fmanl\u0131k kapsam\u0131nda ifade veren \u015f\u00fcphelilerin beyanlar\u0131na ve ba\u015fvurucunun Bank Asyadaki hesab\u0131yla ili\u015fkili olarak al\u0131nan bilirki\u015fi raporuna yer verilmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca ba\u015fvurucunun hekim oldu\u011fu ve Ayd\u0131n Devlet Hastanesinde ba\u015fhekim yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 olarak bir s\u00fcre g\u00f6rev yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilerek K\u00fcresel Doktorlar Ayd\u0131n Sa\u011fl\u0131k Derne\u011fi ile Ayd\u0131n Kalk\u0131nd\u0131rma ve E\u011fitim Derne\u011finin …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-33216","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hukukihaber"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n