T\u00dcRK\u0130YE CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130<\/p>\n
ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130<\/p>\n
B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM<\/p>\n
KARAR<\/p>\n
Y.K. BA\u015eVURUSU<\/p>\n
(Ba\u015fvuru Numaras\u0131: 2020\/25833)<\/p>\n
Karar Tarihi: 14\/5\/2025<\/p>\n
B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM<\/p>\n
KARAR<\/p>\n
G\u0130ZL\u0130L\u0130K TALEB\u0130 KABUL<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fkan<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
Hasan Tahsin G\u00d6KCAN<\/p>\n
\u00dcyeler<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
Recai AKYEL<\/p>\n
Yusuf \u015eevki HAKYEMEZ<\/p>\n
Selahaddin MENTE\u015e<\/p>\n
\u0130rfan F\u0130DAN<\/p>\n
Raport\u00f6r<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
Ayd\u0131n AYG\u00dcN<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fvurucu<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
Y.K.<\/p>\n
I. BA\u015eVURUNUN KONUSU<\/p>\n
1. Ba\u015fvuru, ceza infaz kurumunda tutuklu olarak bulunan ba\u015fvurucunun s\u00fcreli yay\u0131n alma talebinin reddedilmesi nedeniyle ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ihlal edildi\u011fi iddias\u0131na ili\u015fkindir.<\/p>\n
II. BA\u015eVURU S\u00dcREC\u0130<\/p>\n
2. Ba\u015fvuru 21\/7\/2020 tarihinde yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Komisyon, ba\u015fvurunun kabul edilebilirlik incelemesinin B\u00f6l\u00fcm taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lmas\u0131na karar vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
3. Ba\u015fvuru belgelerinin bir \u00f6rne\u011fi bilgi i\u00e7in Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na (Bakanl\u0131k) g\u00f6nderilmi\u015ftir. Bakanl\u0131k, g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc bildirmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fvurucu, Bakanl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 beyanda bulunmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
III. OLAY VE OLGULAR<\/p>\n
4. Ba\u015fvuru formu ve eklerinde ifade edildi\u011fi \u015fekliyle olaylar \u00f6zetle \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
5. Ba\u015fvurucu, olaylar\u0131n ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde Salihli T Tipi Kapal\u0131 Ceza \u0130nfaz Kurumunda (Ceza \u0130nfaz Kurumu) silahl\u0131 ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcne \u00fcye olma su\u00e7undan tutuklu olarak bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
6. Ba\u015fvurucu; Ceza \u0130nfaz Kurumuna yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 dilek\u00e7eyle bir ay\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n s\u00fcredir gazete alamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, gazete almas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcndeki engellerin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 talep etmi\u015ftir. Ceza \u0130nfaz Kurumu \u0130dare ve G\u00f6zlem Kurulu (\u0130dare ve G\u00f6zlem Kurulu) 21\/5\/2020 tarihli karar\u0131yla ba\u015fvurucunun talebini reddetmi\u015ftir. S\u00f6z konusu kararda koronavir\u00fcs (COVID-19) bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 salg\u0131n\u0131 hakk\u0131nda al\u0131nan tedbirler kapsam\u0131nda Ceza \u0130nfaz Kurumunun d\u0131\u015far\u0131yla olan temas\u0131n\u0131n en aza indirgenmesinin ama\u00e7land\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bu nedenle mahpuslar\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ge\u00e7ici s\u00fcreyle gazete alma talebinin reddedildi\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
7. Ba\u015fvurucu, \u0130dare ve G\u00f6zlem Kurulu karar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 Salihli \u0130nfaz H\u00e2kimli\u011fine \u015fik\u00e2yette bulunmu\u015ftur. \u0130nfaz H\u00e2kimli\u011fi, ba\u015fvurucunun \u015fik\u00e2yetinin reddine karar vermi\u015ftir. An\u0131lan karar\u0131n gerek\u00e7esinde \u0130dare ve G\u00f6zlem Kurulunun karar\u0131nda yer verdi\u011fi gerek\u00e7elere dayan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
8. Ba\u015fvurucu, \u0130nfaz H\u00e2kimli\u011finin karar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 itiraz kanun yoluna ba\u015fvurmu\u015ftur. \u0130tiraz\u0131 inceleyen Salihli A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Mahkemesi, \u0130nfaz H\u00e2kimli\u011finin karar\u0131nda belirtilen gerek\u00e7ede hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek ba\u015fvurucunun itiraz\u0131n\u0131n reddine karar vermi\u015ftir. A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Mahkemesinin karar\u0131, ba\u015fvurucuya 2\/7\/2020 tarihinde tebli\u011f edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
IV. \u0130LG\u0130L\u0130 HUKUK<\/p>\n
9. 13\/12\/2004 tarihli ve 5275 say\u0131l\u0131 Ceza ve G\u00fcvenlik Tedbirlerinin \u0130nfaz\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Kanun\u2019un “S\u00fcreli veya s\u00fcresiz yay\u0131nlardan yararlanma hakk\u0131” kenar ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 62. maddesi \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
“(1) H\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc, mahkemelerce yasaklanmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 ko\u015fuluyla s\u00fcreli ve s\u00fcresiz yay\u0131nlardan bedelini \u00f6deyerek yararlanma hakk\u0131na sahiptir.<\/p>\n
(2) Resm\u00ee kurumlar, \u00fcniversiteler, kamu kurumu niteli\u011findeki meslek kurulu\u015flar\u0131 ile mahkemelerce yasaklanmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 ko\u015fuluyla Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131nca vergi muafiyeti tan\u0131nan vak\u0131flar ve kamu yarar\u0131na \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan dernekler taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lan gazete, kitap ve bas\u0131l\u0131 yay\u0131nlar, h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fclere \u00fccretsiz olarak ve serbest\u00e7e verilir. E\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011fretimine devam eden h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fclerin ders kitaplar\u0131 denetime t\u00e2bi tutulamaz.<\/p>\n
(3) (De\u011fi\u015fik:14\/4\/2020-7242\/32 md.) Kurum disiplinini, d\u00fczenini veya g\u00fcvenli\u011fini bozan ya da tehlikeye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren, h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fclerin iyile\u015ftirilmesi amac\u0131na ula\u015fmay\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131ran yahut m\u00fcstehcen haber, yaz\u0131, foto\u011fraf ve yorumlar\u0131 kapsayan hi\u00e7bir yay\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcye verilmez.<\/p>\n
(4) (Ek:14\/4\/2020-7242\/32 md.) Bas\u0131n \u0130l\u00e2n Kurumu arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla resm\u00ee ilan ve reklam yay\u0131nlama hakk\u0131 bulunmayan gazeteler, ceza infaz kurumuna kabul edilmez. Ancak ilan ve reklam\u0131n ge\u00e7ici s\u00fcreyle kesilmesi h\u00e2li, bu h\u00fckm\u00fcn d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndad\u0131r. Yabanc\u0131 dilde yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f gazete ve dergilerin ceza infaz kurumuna kabul edilmesinde Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yetkilidir.”<\/p>\n
10. 6\/4\/2006 tarihli ve 26131 say\u0131l\u0131 Resm\u00ee Gazete’de yay\u0131mlanan 20\/3\/2006 tarihli ve 2006\/10218 say\u0131l\u0131 Ceza \u0130nfaz Kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n Y\u00f6netimi ile Ceza ve G\u00fcvenlik Tedbirlerinin \u0130nfaz\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda T\u00fcz\u00fck’\u00fcn (\u0130nfaz T\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fc) “S\u00fcreli veya s\u00fcresiz yay\u0131nlardan yararlanma hakk\u0131” kenar ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 86. maddesi \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
“(1) H\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc, mahkemelerce yasaklanmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 ko\u015fuluyla s\u00fcreli ve s\u00fcresiz yay\u0131nlardan bedelini \u00f6deyerek yararlanma hakk\u0131na sahiptir.<\/p>\n
(2) Resm\u00ee kurumlar, \u00fcniversiteler, kamu kurumu niteli\u011findeki meslek kurulu\u015flar\u0131 ile mahkemelerce yasaklanmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 ko\u015fuluyla Bakanlar Kurulunca vergi muafiyeti tan\u0131nan vak\u0131flar ve kamu yarar\u0131na \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan dernekler taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lan gazete, kitap ve bas\u0131l\u0131 yay\u0131nlar, h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fclere \u00fccretsiz olarak ve serbest\u00e7e verilir. E\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011fretimine devam eden h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fclerin ders kitaplar\u0131 denetime t\u00e2bi tutulamaz.<\/p>\n
(3) E\u011fitim kurulunca, kurum g\u00fcvenli\u011fini tehlikeye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc veya m\u00fcstehcen haber, yaz\u0131, foto\u011fraf ve yorumlar\u0131 kapsad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tespit edilen yay\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcye verilmez.”<\/p>\n
11. 29\/3\/2020 tarihli ve 31083 say\u0131l\u0131 Resm\u00ee Gazete’de yay\u0131mlanarak y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren Ceza \u0130nfaz Kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n Y\u00f6netimi ile Ceza ve G\u00fcvenlik Tedbirlerinin \u0130nfaz\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Y\u00f6netmelik’in (\u0130nfaz Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi) “Bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 Hastal\u0131klardan Korunma” ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 96. maddesinin ilgili (1) ve (3) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kralar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
“(1) Kurumda, 24\/4\/1930 tarihli ve 1593 say\u0131l\u0131 Umum\u00ee H\u0131fz\u0131ss\u0131hha Kanununun 57 nci maddesinde ve 30\/5\/2007 tarihli ve 26537 say\u0131l\u0131 Resm\u00ee Gazete\u2019de yay\u0131mlanan Bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 Hastal\u0131klar S\u00fcrveyans ve Kontrol Esaslar\u0131 Y\u00f6netmeli\u011finde yer alan hastal\u0131k veya durumlardan birisinin \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 veya \u00e7\u0131kma \u015f\u00fcphesinin ya da bu t\u00fcrden bir hastal\u0131k sebebiyle \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn meydana geldi\u011fi h\u00e2llerde durum cezaevi tabibince kurumun en \u00fcst amirine bildirilir. Bu bildirimin al\u0131nmas\u0131 \u00fczerine kurum en \u00fcst amiri durumu gecikmeksizin ilgili mercilere bildirir. …<\/p>\n
…<\/p>\n
(3) Tedaviyi sa\u011flayacak nitelikte \u00f6zel b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc bulunmayan kurumlardaki h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcler, derhal tedavisinin yap\u0131labilece\u011fi sa\u011fl\u0131k kurulu\u015funa sevk edilir. Kurum idaresi taraf\u0131ndan, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131na engel olmak i\u00e7in gerekli \u00f6nlemler al\u0131n\u0131r.”<\/p>\n
V. \u0130NCELEME VE GEREK\u00c7E<\/p>\n
12. Anayasa Mahkemesinin 14\/5\/2025 tarihinde yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu toplant\u0131da ba\u015fvuru incelenip gere\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc:<\/p>\n
A. Adli Yard\u0131m Talebi Y\u00f6n\u00fcnden<\/p>\n
13. Ba\u015fvurucu adli yard\u0131m talebinde bulunmu\u015ftur. Anayasa Mahkemesinin Mehmet \u015eerif Ay (B. No: 2012\/1181, 17\/9\/2013) karar\u0131nda belirtilen ilkeler dikkate al\u0131narak ge\u00e7imini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde g\u00fc\u00e7le\u015ftirmeksizin yarg\u0131lama giderlerini \u00f6deme g\u00fcc\u00fcnden yoksun oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lan ba\u015fvurucunun a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a dayanaktan yoksun olmayan adli yard\u0131m taleplerinin kabul\u00fcne karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
B. Ba\u015fvurucunun \u0130ddialar\u0131 ve Bakanl\u0131k G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc<\/p>\n
14. Ba\u015fvurucu; Bakanl\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan ceza infaz kurumlar\u0131na g\u00f6nderilen yaz\u0131 ile kurum d\u0131\u015f\u0131yla ba\u011flant\u0131n\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 talimat\u0131n\u0131n Ceza \u0130nfaz Kurumu idaresince gazete al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n tamamen durdurulmas\u0131 \u015feklinde uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, di\u011fer ceza infaz kurumlar\u0131nda b\u00f6yle bir uygulaman\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, gazete al\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n durduruldu\u011fu s\u00fcre\u00e7te posta veya kargo g\u00f6nderimi\/al\u0131m\u0131 ya da kuruma d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan temin edilen \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin al\u0131m\u0131 gibi i\u015flemlerin yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n devam etti\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Gazete al\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n durdurulmas\u0131n\u0131n bir s\u00fcresinin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, al\u0131nan bu tedbirin ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ihlal etti\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
15. Bakanl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde; Anayasa Mahkemesinin somut olayla benzer olaylarda verdi\u011fi baz\u0131 kararlara ve COVID-19 kapsam\u0131nda al\u0131nan \u00f6nlemlere yer verilmi\u015ftir. Daha sonra Bakanl\u0131k, ba\u015fvurucunun ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ihlal edilip edilmedi\u011fi noktas\u0131nda inceleme yap\u0131l\u0131rken g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fte de\u011finilen Anayasa ve ilgili mevzuat h\u00fck\u00fcmleri, Anayasa Mahkemesi i\u00e7tihad\u0131 ve somut olay\u0131n kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini ifade etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
C. De\u011ferlendirme<\/p>\n
16. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 26. maddesinin ilgili k\u0131sm\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
\u201cHerkes, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve kanaatlerini s\u00f6z, yaz\u0131, resim veya ba\u015fka yollarla tek ba\u015f\u0131na veya toplu olarak a\u00e7\u0131klama ve yayma hakk\u0131na sahiptir. Bu h\u00fcrriyet resmi makamlar\u0131n m\u00fcdahalesi olmaks\u0131z\u0131n haber veya fikir almak ya da vermek serbestli\u011fini de kapsar… <\/p>\n
Bu h\u00fcrriyetlerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, … kamu d\u00fczeni, kamu g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, … su\u00e7lar\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi, … gere\u011fine uygun olarak yerine getirilmesi ama\u00e7lar\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rlanabilir…<\/p>\n
D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi a\u00e7\u0131klama ve yayma h\u00fcrriyetinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131nda uygulanacak \u015fekil, \u015fart ve usuller kanunla d\u00fczenlenir.\u201d<\/p>\n
17. Anayasa Mahkemesi daha \u00f6nce vermi\u015f oldu\u011fu bir\u00e7ok karar\u0131nda, h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc ve tutuklulara kargo yoluyla gelen ya da ziyaret\u00e7ileri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla getirilen veya h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc ve tutuklular\u0131n kendi sat\u0131n ald\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00fcreli ya da s\u00fcresiz yay\u0131nlar\u0131n ceza infaz kurumlar\u0131na kabul edilmemesini ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirmi\u015ftir (ilgili kararlar i\u00e7in bkz. Recep Bekik ve di\u011ferleri [GK], B. No: 2016\/12936, 27\/3\/2019, \u00a7 24; \u0130brahim Kaptan (2), B. No: 2017\/30723, 12\/9\/2018, \u00a7 23; Ahmet Sil ve Taner Yay, B. No: 2017\/35227, 30\/9\/2020, \u00a7 31). S\u00f6z konusu kararlar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde bir de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bir ceza infaz kurumunda tutuklu olarak bulunan ba\u015fvurucunun kurum idaresi arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla gazete al\u0131nmas\u0131 talebinin reddedilmesinin haber veya fikir alma \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kapsam\u0131nda incelenmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
1. Kabul Edilebilirlik Y\u00f6n\u00fcnden <\/p>\n
18. A\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a dayanaktan yoksun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kabul edilemezli\u011fine karar verilmesini gerektirecek ba\u015fka bir neden de bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lan ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ihlal edildi\u011fine ili\u015fkin iddian\u0131n kabul edilebilir oldu\u011funa karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
2. Esas Y\u00f6n\u00fcnden<\/p>\n
a. M\u00fcdahalenin Varl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/p>\n
19. Ceza \u0130nfaz Kurumu arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla gazete al\u0131nmas\u0131 talebi reddedilenba\u015fvurucunun ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne m\u00fcdahalede bulunulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
b. M\u00fcdahalenin \u0130hlal Olu\u015fturup Olu\u015fturmad\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/p>\n
20. Anayasa’n\u0131n 13. maddesinin ilgili k\u0131sm\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
\u201cTemel hak ve h\u00fcrriyetler, … yaln\u0131zca Anayasan\u0131n ilgili maddelerinde belirtilen sebeplere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ve ancak kanunla s\u0131n\u0131rlanabilir. Bu s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar, … demokratik toplum d\u00fczeninin … gereklerine ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 olamaz.\u201d<\/p>\n
21. Yukar\u0131da an\u0131lan m\u00fcdahale, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 13. maddesinde belirtilen ko\u015fullar\u0131 yerine getirmedi\u011fi m\u00fcddet\u00e7e Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 26. maddesinin ihlalini te\u015fkil edecektir.<\/p>\n
22. Bu sebeple m\u00fcdahalenin somut ba\u015fvuruya ili\u015fkin olarak Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 13. maddesinde d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f olan kanun taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclme, hakl\u0131 bir sebebe dayanma, demokratik toplum d\u00fczeninin gereklerine ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmama ko\u015fullar\u0131na uygun olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
23. Anayasa Mahkemesi \u00e7ok say\u0131da karar\u0131nda ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn demokrasinin i\u015fleyi\u015fi i\u00e7in ya\u015famsal \u00f6nemde oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015ftir (Bekir Co\u015fkun [GK], B. No: 2014\/12151, 4\/6\/2015, \u00a7\u00a7 33-35; Mehmet Ali Ayd\u0131n [GK], B. No: 2013\/9343, 4\/6\/2015, \u00a7\u00a7 42, 43; Tansel \u00c7\u00f6la\u015fan, B. No: 2014\/6128, 7\/7\/2015, \u00a7\u00a7 35-38). Herkes gibi h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc ve tutuklular da Anayasa’n\u0131n ve Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi’nin (S\u00f6zle\u015fme) ortak alan\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda kalan temel hak ve h\u00fcrriyetlerin tamam\u0131na (Mehmet Re\u015fit Arslan ve di\u011ferleri, B. No: 2013\/583, 10\/12\/2014, \u00a7 65) ve bu ba\u011flamda ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne de sahiptir (Murat Karayel (5), B. No: 2013\/6223, 7\/1\/2016, \u00a7 27).<\/p>\n
24. \u00d6te yandan ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn mutlak bir hak olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Anayasa’n\u0131n 26. maddesinin ikinci maddesinde \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen sebeplerle s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131labilece\u011fi unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamda ceza infaz kurumunda bulunman\u0131n ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz sonucu olarak su\u00e7un \u00f6nlenmesi ve disiplinin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 gibi kurumda g\u00fcvenli\u011fin ve d\u00fczenin korunmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik kabul edilebilir gerekliliklerin olmas\u0131 durumunda mahpuslar\u0131n sahip oldu\u011fu haklara s\u0131n\u0131rlama getirilebilecektir (Murat Karayel (5), \u00a7 29).<\/p>\n
25. Eldeki ba\u015fvuruda ilk olarak, ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne yap\u0131lan m\u00fcdahalenin \u00f6ncelikle kanuni dayana\u011f\u0131n\u0131n olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 incelenmelidir. Bu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct\u00fcn sa\u011flanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tespit edildi\u011finde di\u011fer \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fctler bak\u0131m\u0131ndan inceleme yap\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ihlal edildi\u011fi sonucuna var\u0131labilecektir (kanunilik \u015fart\u0131na ba\u015fka ba\u011flamlarda dikkat \u00e7eken kararlar i\u00e7in bkz. Tu\u011fba Arslan [GK], B. No: 2014\/256, 25\/6\/2014, \u00a7 82; Halk Radyo ve Televizyon Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k A.\u015e. [GK], B. No: 2014\/19270, 11\/7\/2019, \u00a7 35; Sevim Akat E\u015fki, B. No: 2013\/2187, 19\/12\/2013, \u00a7 36; Hayriye \u00d6zdemir, B. No: 2013\/3434, 25\/6\/2015, \u00a7\u00a7 56-61; H\u00fcseyin Ercan, B. No: 2018\/11352, 8\/9\/2021, \u00a7\u00a7 35, 36). Hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin, bunlara yap\u0131lacak m\u00fcdahalelerin ve s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rmalar\u0131n kanunla d\u00fczenlenmesi bu haklara ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklere keyf\u00ee m\u00fcdahaleyi engelleyen ve hukuk g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flayan demokratik hukuk devletinin en \u00f6nemli unsurlar\u0131ndan biridir (Tahsin Erdo\u011fan, B. No: 2012\/1246, 6\/2\/2014, \u00a7 60).<\/p>\n
26. Bir uyu\u015fmazl\u0131kta uygulanacak hukuk kurallar\u0131n\u0131n ve \u00f6zellikle m\u00fcdahalenin kanuni dayana\u011f\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan kanun h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin yorumlanmas\u0131 derece mahkemelerinin takdirindedir. Derece mahkemelerinin ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne yap\u0131lan m\u00fcdahalenin kanuni dayana\u011f\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturdu\u011fu ifade edilen h\u00fck\u00fcmlerle ilgili olarak geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi yorumlar\u0131n isabetli olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 denetlemek Anayasa Mahkemesinin g\u00f6revi de\u011fildir. Bununla birlikte derece mahkemelerinin yorumlar\u0131n\u0131n kanunun a\u00e7\u0131k lafz\u0131yla \u00e7eli\u015fti\u011fi veya kanun metni dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bireyler taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmesinin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna ula\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u00e2llerde ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne yap\u0131lan m\u00fcdahalenin kanuni dayana\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kanaatine var\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr (H\u00fcseyin Ercan, \u00a7 36; mahkemeye eri\u015fim hakk\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden benzer de\u011ferlendirme i\u00e7in bkz. Ziya \u00d6zden, B. No: 2016\/67737, 19\/11\/2019, \u00a7 59).<\/p>\n
27. 5275 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 62. maddesi mahpuslar\u0131n s\u00fcreli ve s\u00fcresiz yay\u0131nlardan faydalanmalar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a d\u00fczenleme alt\u0131na alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. An\u0131lan maddede mahpuslar\u0131n hangi \u015fartlar alt\u0131nda s\u00fcreli veya s\u00fcresiz yay\u0131n hakk\u0131ndan faydalanamayacaklar\u0131 ba\u015fka bir ifadeyle bu hakk\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 da belirlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
28. S\u00f6z konusu kanun h\u00fckm\u00fc ile mahpuslar\u0131n mahkemelerce yasaklanm\u0131\u015f olmamas\u0131 ko\u015fuluyla s\u00fcreli ve s\u00fcresiz yay\u0131nlardan bedelini \u00f6deyerek yararlanma hakk\u0131na sahip oldu\u011fu h\u00fck\u00fcm alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ayn\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmde kurum disiplinini, d\u00fczenini veya g\u00fcvenli\u011fini bozan ya da tehlikeye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren, h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fclerin iyile\u015ftirilmesi amac\u0131na ula\u015fmay\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131ran yahut m\u00fcstehcen haber, yaz\u0131, foto\u011fraf ve yorumlar\u0131 kapsayan hi\u00e7bir yay\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcye verilmeyece\u011fi de d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Mahpuslar\u0131n s\u00fcreli veya s\u00fcresiz yay\u0131nlardan yararlanma hakk\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131ran bir ba\u015fka d\u00fczenleme ise Bas\u0131n \u0130l\u00e2n Kurumu arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla resm\u00ee ilan ve reklam yay\u0131nlama hakk\u0131 bulunmayan gazeteler y\u00f6n\u00fcndendir. Bu nitelikteki gazetelerin ceza infaz kurumlar\u0131na al\u0131nmayaca\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
29. Bahsi ge\u00e7en kanuni d\u00fczenlemeyle mahpuslara a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a tan\u0131nan s\u00fcreli veya s\u00fcresiz yay\u0131nlardan yararlanma hakk\u0131 ancak \u00e7er\u00e7evesi belirli olan ve yetkili makamlara b\u0131rak\u0131lan takdir yetkisinin kapsam\u0131n\u0131 yeterince a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6steren d\u00fczenlemelere dayan\u0131larak s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131labilir. Belirtilen ve mevzuatta yer alan kanuni d\u00fczenlemeler ise mahpuslar\u0131n s\u00fcreli veya s\u00fcresiz yay\u0131nlardan yararlanma hakk\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ya da engellenmesi konusunda idari makamlara a\u00e7\u0131k ve genel bir yetki vermemektedir (aile hayat\u0131na sayg\u0131 hakk\u0131 ba\u011flam\u0131nda benzer bir tespit i\u00e7in bkz. Yunus Bulut, B. No: 2020\/38826, 20\/7\/2023, \u00a7 55).<\/p>\n
30. Ba\u015fvuruya konu edilen s\u00fcre\u00e7te, COVID-19 salg\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131yla birlikte ceza infaz kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n toplu olarak ya\u015fanan yerler oldu\u011fu ve bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 hastal\u0131klar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan risk olu\u015fturdu\u011fu, bu bak\u0131mdan ceza infaz kurumlar\u0131nda \u00f6zel \u00f6nlemlerin al\u0131nmas\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 duyuldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Ancak bu kapsamda mahpuslar\u0131n s\u00fcreli veya s\u00fcresiz yay\u0131nlardan yararlanma hakk\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n Kanun’da yer alan h\u00fck\u00fcmler kapsam\u0131nda yerine getirilmesi zorunludur.<\/p>\n
31. Ba\u015fvuru konusu olayda ba\u015fvurucu; abonesi oldu\u011fu s\u00fcreli yay\u0131n\u0131n kendisine temin edilmesini talep etmi\u015ftir. 5275 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 62. maddesi kapsam\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucunun talebinin de\u011ferlendirilerek kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 gerekirken Ceza \u0130nfaz Kurumu s\u00f6z konusu talebi an\u0131lan maddeye dayanmadan, kapsam\u0131 ve s\u00fcresi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir olmayacak \u015fekilde reddetmi\u015ftir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla s\u00fcreli yay\u0131nlardan yararlanma hakk\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131tlanmas\u0131na imk\u00e2n veren a\u00e7\u0131k bir d\u00fczenlemenin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bu hakka ili\u015fkin k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131n Ceza \u0130nfaz Kurumunun ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 tedbirler kapsam\u0131nda uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Temel hak ve h\u00fcrriyetleri s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lan bir tedbir, demokratik toplum d\u00fczeninin korunmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ne kadar gerekli ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc olursa olsun salt idari bir i\u015fleme dayan\u0131yorsa bu t\u00fcr bir m\u00fcdahalenin kanunilik \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan s\u00f6z edilemez. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle tedbire karar veren idarenin takdir alan\u0131 i\u00e7inde olmayan bir konuda idari kararla temel hak ve h\u00fcrriyetler s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lamaz. Yine farkl\u0131 bir anlat\u0131mla idarenin kanuni bir dayanak olmadan ilk elden temel hak ve h\u00fcrriyetleri s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rmas\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclemez. Aksi durum, kanun koyucunun getirmedi\u011fi k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131n idari ve yarg\u0131sal makamlarca olu\u015fturulmas\u0131na ve uygulanmas\u0131na neden olabilece\u011fi gibi k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131n muhatab\u0131 olan bireylere y\u00f6nelik keyf\u00ee uygulamalar\u0131n yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131na ve bu ki\u015filerin kamu otoritelerine kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00fcvencesiz bir konuma d\u00fc\u015fmesine yol a\u00e7abilir (Yunus Bulut, B. No: 2020\/38826, 20\/7\/2023, \u00a7 59).<\/p>\n
32. \u0130fade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne y\u00f6nelik m\u00fcdahalenin Anayasa’n\u0131n \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc g\u00fcvencelere uygun kabul edilebilmesinin ilk ve temel \u015fart\u0131 kanuni dayana\u011fa sahip olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Somut olayda ise ba\u015fvurucunun ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne yap\u0131lan m\u00fcdahalenin salt idari makamlar\u0131n kararlar\u0131na dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan m\u00fcdahalenin kanuni temelinin bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna ula\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
33. Yukar\u0131da yer verilen tespitler uyar\u0131nca ba\u015fvuruya konu m\u00fcdahalenin kanunilik \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan s\u00f6z konusu m\u00fcdahale a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan di\u011fer g\u00fcvence \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fctlerine riayet edilip edilmedi\u011finin ayr\u0131ca de\u011ferlendirilmesine gerek g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
34. A\u00e7\u0131klanan gerek\u00e7elerle Anayasa’n\u0131n 26. maddesinde g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ihlal edildi\u011fine karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
VI. G\u0130DER\u0130M<\/p>\n
35. Ba\u015fvurucu, ihlalin tespit edilmesini istemi\u015f ve 99.000 TL manevi tazminat talebinde bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
36. Ba\u015fvurucunun bireysel ba\u015fvurunun incelenmesi s\u00fcrecinde tahliye edildi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ba\u015fvuruda tespit edilen hak ihlalinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lmas\u0131nda hukuki yarar bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
37. \u00d6te yandan ihlalin niteli\u011fi dikkate al\u0131narak ba\u015fvurucuya 10.000 TL manevi tazminat \u00f6denmesi gerekti\u011fi sonucuna ula\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
VII. H\u00dcK\u00dcM<\/p>\n
A\u00e7\u0131klanan gerek\u00e7elerle;<\/p>\n
A. Adli yard\u0131m talebinin KABUL\u00dcNE,<\/p>\n
B. Kamuya a\u00e7\u0131k belgelerde ba\u015fvurucunun kimli\u011finin gizli tutulmas\u0131 talebinin KABUL\u00dcNE,<\/p>\n
C. \u0130fade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ihlal edildi\u011fine ili\u015fkin iddian\u0131n KABUL ED\u0130LEB\u0130L\u0130R OLDU\u011eUNA,<\/p>\n
D. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 26. maddesinde g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0130HLAL ED\u0130LD\u0130\u011e\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
E. Ba\u015fvurucuya net 10.000 TL manevi tazminat \u00d6DENMES\u0130NE, tazminata ili\u015fkin di\u011fer taleplerin REDD\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
F. \u00d6demenin karar\u0131n tebli\u011fini takiben ba\u015fvurucunun Hazine ve Maliye Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u015fvuru tarihinden itibaren d\u00f6rt ay i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lmas\u0131na, \u00f6demede gecikme olmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde bu s\u00fcrenin sona erdi\u011fi tarihten \u00f6deme tarihine kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre i\u00e7in yasal FA\u0130Z UYGULANMASINA,<\/p>\n
G. Karar\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011finin bilgi i\u00e7in Salihli \u0130nfaz H\u00e2kimli\u011fine (E.2020\/725, K.2020\/739 say\u0131l\u0131 karar) G\u00d6NDER\u0130LMES\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
H. Karar\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011finin Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na G\u00d6NDER\u0130LMES\u0130NE 14\/5\/2025 tarihinde OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE karar verildi.<\/p>\n
\u200bAnayasa Mahkemesi’nin 14\/5\/2025 tarihli ve 2020\/25833 ba\u015fvuru numaral\u0131 karar\u0131\u00a0Hukuki Haber<\/p>\n
Haberin Al\u0131nt\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kaynak: www.hukukihaber.net<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u00dcRK\u0130YE CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130 ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130 B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM KARAR Y.K. BA\u015eVURUSU (Ba\u015fvuru Numaras\u0131: 2020\/25833) Karar Tarihi: 14\/5\/2025 B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM KARAR G\u0130ZL\u0130L\u0130K TALEB\u0130 KABUL Ba\u015fkan : Hasan Tahsin G\u00d6KCAN \u00dcyeler : Recai AKYEL Yusuf \u015eevki HAKYEMEZ Selahaddin MENTE\u015e \u0130rfan F\u0130DAN Raport\u00f6r : Ayd\u0131n AYG\u00dcN Ba\u015fvurucu : Y.K. I. BA\u015eVURUNUN KONUSU 1. Ba\u015fvuru, ceza infaz kurumunda tutuklu olarak bulunan ba\u015fvurucunun s\u00fcreli yay\u0131n alma talebinin reddedilmesi nedeniyle ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ihlal edildi\u011fi iddias\u0131na ili\u015fkindir. II. BA\u015eVURU S\u00dcREC\u0130 2. Ba\u015fvuru 21\/7\/2020 tarihinde yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Komisyon, ba\u015fvurunun kabul edilebilirlik incelemesinin B\u00f6l\u00fcm taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lmas\u0131na karar vermi\u015ftir. 3. Ba\u015fvuru belgelerinin bir \u00f6rne\u011fi bilgi i\u00e7in Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na (Bakanl\u0131k) g\u00f6nderilmi\u015ftir. Bakanl\u0131k, g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc bildirmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fvurucu, Bakanl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 beyanda bulunmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. III. OLAY VE OLGULAR 4. Ba\u015fvuru formu ve eklerinde ifade edildi\u011fi \u015fekliyle olaylar \u00f6zetle \u015f\u00f6yledir: 5. Ba\u015fvurucu, olaylar\u0131n ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde Salihli T Tipi Kapal\u0131 Ceza \u0130nfaz Kurumunda (Ceza \u0130nfaz Kurumu) silahl\u0131 ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcne \u00fcye olma su\u00e7undan tutuklu olarak bulunmaktad\u0131r. 6. Ba\u015fvurucu; Ceza \u0130nfaz Kurumuna yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 dilek\u00e7eyle bir ay\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n s\u00fcredir gazete alamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, gazete almas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcndeki engellerin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 talep etmi\u015ftir. Ceza \u0130nfaz Kurumu \u0130dare ve G\u00f6zlem Kurulu (\u0130dare ve G\u00f6zlem Kurulu) 21\/5\/2020 tarihli karar\u0131yla ba\u015fvurucunun talebini reddetmi\u015ftir. S\u00f6z konusu kararda koronavir\u00fcs (COVID-19) bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 salg\u0131n\u0131 hakk\u0131nda al\u0131nan tedbirler kapsam\u0131nda Ceza \u0130nfaz Kurumunun d\u0131\u015far\u0131yla olan temas\u0131n\u0131n en …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-152903","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hukukihaber"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n