T.C.<\/p>\n
Yarg\u0131tay<\/p>\n
4. Hukuk Dairesi<\/p>\n
2021\/25442 E., 2024\/1909 K.<\/p>\n
“\u0130\u00e7tihat Metni”<\/p>\n
MAHKEMES\u0130 : \u0130stanbul B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesi 4. Hukuk Dairesi
\nSAYISI : 2021\/928 E., 2021\/1927 K.
\n2- Yenig\u00fcn Haber Ajans\u0131 Bas\u0131n ve Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k A.\u015e.
\nvekili Avukat Buket Yaz\u0131c\u0131
\nH\u00dcK\u00dcM\/KARAR : Davan\u0131n reddine- \u0130stinaf talebinin kabul\u00fc ile
\ndavan\u0131n k\u0131smen kabul\u00fc
\n\u0130LK DERECE MAHKEMES\u0130 : \u0130stanbul 4. Asliye Hukuk Mahkemesi
\nSAYISI : 2019\/237 E., 2021\/30 K.<\/p>\n
Taraflar aras\u0131ndaki internet yay\u0131n\u0131 yolu ile ki\u015filik haklar\u0131na sald\u0131r\u0131 iddias\u0131na dayal\u0131 manevi tazminat ve karar\u0131n yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131 davas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 yap\u0131lan yarg\u0131lama sonunda \u0130lk Derece Mahkemesince davan\u0131n reddine karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Karar\u0131n davac\u0131 vekili taraf\u0131ndan istinaf edilmesi \u00fczerine, B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesince davac\u0131 vekilinin istinaf talebinin kabul\u00fcne, \u0130lk Derece Mahkemesi karar\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131larak esas hakk\u0131nda yeniden h\u00fck\u00fcm tesisine, davan\u0131n k\u0131smen kabul\u00fcne karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesi karar\u0131 davac\u0131 vekili ve daval\u0131lar vekili taraf\u0131ndan temyiz edilmekle; kesinlik, s\u00fcre, temyiz \u015fart\u0131 ve di\u011fer usul eksiklikleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden yap\u0131lan \u00f6n inceleme sonucunda, temyiz dilek\u00e7esinin kabul\u00fcne karar verildikten ve Tetkik H\u00e2kimi taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan rapor dinlendikten sonra dosyadaki belgeler incelenip gere\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc:<\/p>\n
I. DAVA<\/p>\n
Davac\u0131 vekili dava dilek\u00e7esinde; www.eksisozluk.com adl\u0131 internet sitesinde \u201c… … ili\u015fki iddias\u0131\u201d \u015feklinde a\u00e7\u0131lan ba\u015fl\u0131k nedeniyle Sulh Ceza Hakimlikleri taraf\u0131ndan verilen eri\u015fimin engellenmesine dair kararlar\u0131n akabinde daval\u0131 Yenig\u00fcn Haber Ajans\u0131 Bas\u0131n ve Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k A.\u015e.’nin sahibi di\u011fer daval\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6netim kurulu ba\u015fkan\u0131 oldu\u011fu www.cumhuriyet.com isimli internet haber sitesinde ve @cumhuriyetgzt adl\u0131 resmi Twitter hesab\u0131nda 21.06.2019 tarihinde payla\u015f\u0131lan “Ek\u015fi S\u00f6zl\u00fckteki …- … Ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131” \u015feklinde yap\u0131lan yay\u0131n nedeniyle m\u00fcvekkilinin ki\u015filik haklar\u0131n\u0131n sald\u0131r\u0131ya u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, \u0130stanbul Anadolu 7. Sulh Ceza Hakimli\u011finin 2019\/4863 D.i\u015f say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131 ile dava konusu yay\u0131na y\u00f6nelik eri\u015fimin engellenmesine dair karar verildi\u011fini, as\u0131ls\u0131z ve ger\u00e7ek d\u0131\u015f\u0131 bu iddia \u00fczerine ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 \u00e7ekilen foto\u011fraflara da yer verilerek yeniden haber yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ile haks\u0131z iddian\u0131n g\u00fcndemde tutulmas\u0131n\u0131n ama\u00e7land\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, dava konusu yay\u0131n\u0131n bas\u0131n ve ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilemeyece\u011fini, haberin verilmesinde kamu yarar\u0131 bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek 250.000,00 TL manevi tazminat\u0131n yay\u0131n tarihi olan 21.06.2019 tarihinden itibaren i\u015fleyecek yasal faizi ile birlikte daval\u0131lardan m\u00fc\u015ftereken ve m\u00fcteselsilen tahsili ve karar\u0131n tiraj\u0131 y\u00fcksek iki gazetede ilanen yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131na karar verilmesini talep etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
II. CEVAP<\/p>\n
Daval\u0131lar vekili cevap dilek\u00e7esinde; daval\u0131 …’un y\u00f6netim kurulu ba\u015fkan\u0131 olarak yay\u0131n nedeniyle hukuken sorumlu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bu m\u00fcvekkili y\u00f6n\u00fcnden davan\u0131n husumet nedeniyle usulden reddedilmesi gerekti\u011fini, Ek\u015fi S\u00f6zl\u00fck\u2019te a\u00e7\u0131lan ba\u015fl\u0131kla ilgili eri\u015fimin engellenmesi karar\u0131 verildi\u011fine ili\u015fkin dava konusu yay\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, davac\u0131n\u0131n ki\u015filik haklar\u0131na sald\u0131r\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bir mahkeme karar\u0131n\u0131n haberle\u015ftirilmesine y\u00f6nelik kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011funu, yay\u0131n\u0131n ifade ve bas\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekti\u011fini, manevi tazminat ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, talep edilen tazminat miktar\u0131n\u0131n fahi\u015f oldu\u011funu belirterek davan\u0131n reddine karar verilmesini talep etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
III. \u0130LK DERECE MAHKEMES\u0130 KARARI<\/p>\n
\u0130lk Derece Mahkemesinin yukar\u0131da tarih ve say\u0131s\u0131 belirtilen karar\u0131 ile dava konusu yay\u0131n\u0131n, 11.06.2019 tarihinde Ek\u015fi S\u00f6zl\u00fck isimli sitede a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ba\u015fl\u0131k hakk\u0131nda verilen eri\u015fimin engellenmesi karar\u0131n\u0131n haberle\u015ftirilmesi niteli\u011finde oldu\u011fu, davac\u0131 hakk\u0131ndaki iddialar\u0131n \u00f6nce Ek\u015fi S\u00f6zl\u00fck isimli sitede yay\u0131nland\u0131\u011f\u0131, daha sonra \u0130stanbul Anadolu 1. Sulh Ceza Hakimli\u011finin 18.06.2019 tarih ve 2019\/4832 D.\u0130\u015f say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131 ile bu sitede davac\u0131 hakk\u0131nda yap\u0131lan yay\u0131nlara eri\u015fim engeli karar\u0131 verildi\u011fi, daval\u0131 \u015firketin mahkeme karar\u0131n\u0131 haber yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131; haberin, herhangi bir yorum yap\u0131lmadan ya da eri\u015fimin engellenmesine dair karar i\u00e7eri\u011fini de\u011fi\u015ftirmeden sadece bilgi payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131na y\u00f6nelik tespitler i\u00e7erir nitelikte oldu\u011fu, bu haber nedeniyle davac\u0131n\u0131n ki\u015filik haklar\u0131n\u0131n sald\u0131r\u0131ya u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan s\u00f6z edilemeyece\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle davan\u0131n esastan reddine karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
IV. \u0130ST\u0130NAF<\/p>\n
A. \u0130stinaf Yoluna Ba\u015fvuranlar
\n\u0130lk Derece Mahkemesinin yukar\u0131da belirtilen karar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcresi i\u00e7inde davac\u0131 vekili taraf\u0131ndan istinaf ba\u015fvurusunda bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
B. \u0130stinaf Sebepleri
\nDavac\u0131 vekili istinaf dilek\u00e7esinde; daval\u0131 \u015firketin hem internet sitesinde hem de Twitter hesab\u0131nda k\u0131sa aral\u0131klarla haberin payla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, haberde foto\u011fraflara da yer vermek suretiyle payla\u015f\u0131m yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, art arda yap\u0131lan iki payla\u015f\u0131m aras\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan g\u00f6rsel d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik, yeni bir veri bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bunun da Cumhuriyet Gazetesinin, kas\u0131tl\u0131 olarak as\u0131ls\u0131z iddiay\u0131 g\u00fcndemde tutma \u00e7abas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini, daval\u0131 \u015firketin ba\u015fka bir internet sitesinde haftalar \u00f6nce ortaya at\u0131lan bir iddiay\u0131 haberle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in 23 Haziran 2019 tarihinde yap\u0131lacak olan belediye ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 se\u00e7imlerini bekledi\u011fini, Pazar g\u00fcn\u00fcne denk gelen se\u00e7imlerin hemen \u00f6ncesinde Cuma g\u00fcn\u00fc as\u0131ls\u0131z iddiay\u0131 internet sayfas\u0131nda \u00fcst \u00fcste yay\u0131nlayarak kas\u0131tl\u0131 \u015fekilde g\u00fcndemde tutmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, haberin a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a bas\u0131n ve ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, verilen karar\u0131n usul ve yasaya ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
C. Gerek\u00e7e ve Sonu\u00e7
\nB\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesinin yukar\u0131da tarih ve say\u0131s\u0131 belirtilen karar\u0131 ile mahkeme karar\u0131 ile Ek\u015fi s\u00f6zl\u00fckte yer alan i\u00e7eri\u011fe eri\u015fimin engellenmesi karar\u0131 verilmesine ra\u011fmen daval\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan habere ili\u015fkin iddialar hat\u0131rlat\u0131larak 10 g\u00fcn sonra yeniden haber yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, k\u0131sa aral\u0131klarla tekrar tekrar payla\u015f\u0131larak eri\u015fimin engellenmesine dair karar\u0131n i\u015flevsiz … getirildi\u011fi, daval\u0131 \u015firket taraf\u0131ndan davac\u0131 hakk\u0131nda sarf edilen “…- … ili\u015fkisi iddias\u0131” \u015feklindeki s\u00f6z ve ifadelerinin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi a\u00e7\u0131klama ve ele\u015ftiri hakk\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, do\u011frudan ki\u015filik haklar\u0131na sald\u0131r\u0131da bulunuldu\u011fu, daval\u0131 …’a t\u00fczel ki\u015fi temsilcisi olarak husumet y\u00f6neltilmesi gerekti\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle davac\u0131 vekilinin istinaf ba\u015fvurusunun kabul\u00fcne, yeniden esas hakk\u0131nda karar verilmek \u00fczere \u0130lk Derece Mahkemesi karar\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na, davan\u0131n k\u0131smen kabul\u00fcne, 60.000,00 TL manevi tazminat\u0131n 21.06.2019 tarihinden itibaren i\u015fleyecek yasal faizi ile birlikte daval\u0131lardan tahsiline, fazlaya dair talep ile karar\u0131n yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131 talebinin reddine karar vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
V. TEMY\u0130Z<\/p>\n
A. Temyiz Yoluna Ba\u015fvuranlar
\nB\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesinin yukar\u0131da belirtilen karar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcresi i\u00e7inde taraflar temyiz isteminde bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
B. Temyiz Sebepleri
\nDavac\u0131 vekili temyiz dilek\u00e7esinde; www.eksisozluk.com adl\u0131 internet sitesinde \u201c… … ili\u015fki iddias\u0131\u201d \u015feklinde a\u00e7\u0131lan ba\u015fl\u0131k nedeniyle Sulh Ceza Hakimlikleri taraf\u0131ndan verilen eri\u015fimin engellenmesine dair kararlar i\u015flevsiz … getirilerek dava konusu yay\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, h\u00fckmedilen manevi tazminat miktar\u0131n\u0131n az oldu\u011funu, 23 Haziran 2019 se\u00e7imlerinden \u00f6nce birer saat arayla ayn\u0131 yay\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde tekrar payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 ile as\u0131ls\u0131z iddian\u0131n g\u00fcndemde kalmas\u0131n\u0131n ama\u00e7land\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, yay\u0131n\u0131n bas\u0131n ve ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilemeyece\u011fini, haberin verilmesinde kamu yarar\u0131 bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, yay\u0131nda m\u00fcvekkilinin kas\u0131tl\u0131 olarak hedef al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, karar\u0131n yay\u0131nlanma talebinin reddedilmesinin de hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funu, bu y\u00f6nden ve manevi tazminat miktar\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden karar\u0131n usul ve yasaya ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Daval\u0131lar vekili temyiz dilek\u00e7esinde; daval\u0131 …’un y\u00f6netim kurulu ba\u015fkan\u0131 olarak yay\u0131n nedeniyle hukuken sorumlu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bas\u0131lm\u0131\u015f eser olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bu m\u00fcvekkili y\u00f6n\u00fcnden davan\u0131n husumet nedeniyle usulden reddedilmesi gerekti\u011fini, Ek\u015fi S\u00f6zl\u00fck\u2019te a\u00e7\u0131lan ba\u015fl\u0131kla ilgili eri\u015fimin engellenmesine dair karar verildi\u011fine ili\u015fkin dava konusu yay\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, daha \u00f6nce yap\u0131lan haks\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n yay\u0131n yolu ile kamuoyu ile payla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, davac\u0131n\u0131n ki\u015filik haklar\u0131na bir sald\u0131r\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, mahkeme karar\u0131n\u0131n haberle\u015ftirilmesine y\u00f6nelik kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011funu, yay\u0131n\u0131n ifade ve bas\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekti\u011fini, manevi tazminat talebinin ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, h\u00fckmedilen tazminat miktar\u0131n\u0131n fahi\u015f oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
C. Gerek\u00e7e
\n1.Uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k ve Hukuki Nitelendirme
\nUyu\u015fmazl\u0131k; www.cumhuriyet.com isimli internet haber sitesinde ve @cumhuriyetgzt adl\u0131 resmi Twitter hesab\u0131nda 21.06.2019 tarihinde payla\u015f\u0131lan “Ek\u015fi S\u00f6zl\u00fckteki …- … Ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131” \u015feklindeki yay\u0131n nedeniyle davac\u0131n\u0131n ki\u015filik haklar\u0131n\u0131n sald\u0131r\u0131ya u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddias\u0131 ile manevi tazminat ve karar\u0131n tiraj\u0131 y\u00fcksek iki gazetede yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131 istemine ili\u015fkindir.<\/p>\n
2. \u0130lgili Hukuk
\n6100 say\u0131l\u0131 Hukuk Muhakemeleri Kanunu’nun (6100 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun) 369 uncu maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131 ile 370 ve 371 inci maddeleri, T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Anayasa’s\u0131n\u0131n 13, 20,26 ve 28 inci maddeleri, 6098 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu’nun 49 ve 58 inci maddeleri, 4721 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu’nun 24 ve 25 inci maddeleri, 5651 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130nternet Ortam\u0131nda Yap\u0131lan Yay\u0131nlar\u0131n D\u00fczenlenmesi ve Bu Yay\u0131nlar Yoluyla \u0130\u015flenen Su\u00e7larla M\u00fccadele Edilmesi Hakk\u0131nda Kanun’un 4,5 ve 6 nc\u0131 maddeleri, Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u2019nin 10 uncu maddesi.<\/p>\n
3. De\u011ferlendirme
\n1. Uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6ncelikle konuyla ilgili kavram ve yasal d\u00fczenlemelerin irdelenmesinde yarar vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 13 \u00fcnc\u00fc maddesinin ilgili k\u0131sm\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:
\n“Temel hak ve h\u00fcrriyetler, \u00f6zlerine dokunulmaks\u0131z\u0131n yaln\u0131zca Anayasan\u0131n ilgili maddelerinde belirtilen sebeplere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ve ancak kanunla s\u0131n\u0131rlanabilir. Bu s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar, … demokratik toplum d\u00fczeninin … gereklerine ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 olamaz.”<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Anayasas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 20 nci maddesi \u015f\u00f6yledir:
\n“Herkes, \u00f6zel hayat\u0131na ve aile hayat\u0131na sayg\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmesini isteme hakk\u0131na sahiptir. \u00d6zel hayat\u0131n ve aile hayat\u0131n\u0131n gizlili\u011fine dokunulamaz.”<\/p>\n
Anayasa’n\u0131n 26 nc\u0131 maddesi \u015f\u00f6yledir:
\n“Herkes, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve kanaatlerini s\u00f6z, yaz\u0131, resim veya ba\u015fka yollarla tek ba\u015f\u0131na veya toplu olarak a\u00e7\u0131klama ve yayma hakk\u0131na sahiptir. Bu h\u00fcrriyet resm\u00ee makamlar\u0131n m\u00fcdahalesi olmaks\u0131z\u0131n haber veya fikir almak ya da vermek serbestli\u011fini de kapsar. … Bu h\u00fcrriyetlerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, … ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n \u015f\u00f6hret veya haklar\u0131n\u0131n, \u00f6zel ve aile hayatlar\u0131n\u0131n … korunmas\u0131 … ama\u00e7lar\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rlanabilir….”<\/p>\n
Anayasa’n\u0131n “Bas\u0131n h\u00fcrriyeti” ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 28 inci maddesinin ilgili k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:
\n“Bas\u0131n h\u00fcrd\u00fcr, sans\u00fcr edilemez…
\nDevlet, bas\u0131n ve haber alma h\u00fcrriyetlerini sa\u011flayacak tedbirleri al\u0131r.”<\/p>\n
A\u0130HS’nin 8 inci maddesinin ilgili k\u0131sm\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:
\n“Herkes, \u00f6zel ve aile ya\u015fam\u0131na, konutuna ve haberle\u015fmesine sayg\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmesi hakk\u0131na sahiptir.”<\/p>\n
A\u0130HS’nin 10 uncu maddesi \u015f\u00f6yledir:
\n“1. Herkes ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc hakk\u0131na sahiptir. Bu hak, kamu makamlar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcdahalesi olmaks\u0131z\u0131n ve \u00fclke s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 g\u00f6zetilmeksizin, kanaat \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve haber ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f alma ve de verme \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc de kapsar. … 2. G\u00f6rev ve sorumluluklar da y\u00fckleyen bu \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, yasayla \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen ve demokratik bir toplumda … ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n \u015f\u00f6hret ve haklar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 … i\u00e7in gerekli olan baz\u0131 …s\u0131n\u0131rlamalara … tabi tutulabilir.”<\/p>\n
TMK’n\u0131n “Ki\u015fili\u011fin korunmas\u0131” ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 24 \u00fcnc\u00fc maddesi \u015f\u00f6yledir:
\n\u201cHukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak ki\u015filik hakk\u0131na sald\u0131r\u0131lan kimse, hakimden, sald\u0131r\u0131da bulunanlara kar\u015f\u0131 korunmas\u0131n\u0131 isteyebilir. Ki\u015filik hakk\u0131 zedelenen kimsenin r\u0131zas\u0131, daha \u00fcst\u00fcn nitelikte \u00f6zel veya kamusal yarar ya da kanunun verdi\u011fi yetkinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 sebeplerinden biriyle hakl\u0131 k\u0131l\u0131nmad\u0131k\u00e7a, ki\u015filik haklar\u0131na yap\u0131lan her sald\u0131r\u0131 hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n
TBK\u2019n\u0131n \u201cKi\u015filik hakk\u0131n\u0131n zedelenmesi\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 58 inci maddesi \u015f\u00f6yledir:
\n\u201cKi\u015filik hakk\u0131n\u0131n zedelenmesinden zarar g\u00f6ren, u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 manevi zarara kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k manevi tazminat ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda bir miktar para \u00f6denmesini isteyebilir. H\u00e2kim, bu tazminat\u0131n \u00f6denmesi yerine, di\u011fer bir giderim bi\u00e7imi kararla\u015ft\u0131rabilir veya bu tazminata ekleyebilir; \u00f6zellikle sald\u0131r\u0131y\u0131 k\u0131nayan bir karar verebilir ve bu karar\u0131n yay\u0131mlanmas\u0131na h\u00fckmedebilir.\u201d<\/p>\n
5187 say\u0131l\u0131 Bas\u0131n Kanunu\u2019nun \u201cAma\u00e7 ve kapsam\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 1inci maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:
\n“Bu Kanunun amac\u0131, bas\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve bu \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenlemektir.”<\/p>\n
5187 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un “Bas\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc” ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 3 \u00fcnc\u00fc maddesi \u015f\u00f6yledir:
\n“Bas\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrd\u00fcr. Bu \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck; bilgi edinme, yayma, ele\u015ftirme, yorumlama ve eser yaratma haklar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erir.
\nBas\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ancak demokratik bir toplumun gereklerine uygun olarak; ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n \u015f\u00f6hret ve haklar\u0131n\u0131n, toplum sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve ahl\u00e2k\u0131n\u0131n, mill\u00ee g\u00fcvenlik, kamu d\u00fczeni, kamu g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn korunmas\u0131, Devlet s\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n veya su\u00e7 i\u015flenmesinin \u00f6nlenmesi, yarg\u0131 g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn otorite ve tarafs\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rlanabilir.”<\/p>\n
An\u0131lan anayasal ve yasal d\u00fczenlemeler ile Anayasa’n\u0131n 90 \u0131nc\u0131 maddesinin be\u015finci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n son c\u00fcmlesine g\u00f6re ulusal hukukun bir par\u00e7as\u0131 h\u00e2line gelmi\u015f bulunan A\u0130HS’nin 10 uncu maddesi uyar\u0131nca ki\u015filik haklar\u0131 zarara u\u011frayanlar\u0131n manevi tazminat isteme haklar\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Manevi zarar, ki\u015filik de\u011ferlerinde olu\u015fan objektif eksilmedir. Duyulan ac\u0131, \u00e7ekilen \u0131zd\u0131rap manevi zarar de\u011fil, onun g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir. Ac\u0131 ve elemin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 manevi zarar olarak kabul edilerek keder ve ac\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7lerinde gizleyenleri tazminat isteme haklar\u0131ndan yoksun b\u0131rakmamak i\u00e7in kanunlar\u0131m\u0131z manevi tazminat verilebilecek baz\u0131 olgular\u0131 \u00f6zel olarak d\u00fczenlemi\u015ftir. TMK’n\u0131n 24 ve TBK’n\u0131n 58 inci maddelerinde yer verilen ki\u015filik haklar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 da bunlardan biridir.<\/p>\n
Temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklere y\u00f6nelik bir m\u00fcdahalenin demokratik toplum d\u00fczeninin gereklerine uygun kabul edilebilmesi i\u00e7in zorunlu bir toplumsal ihtiyac\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamas\u0131 ve orant\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131 gerekir. A\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r ki bu ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131ndaki de\u011ferlendirme, s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n amac\u0131 ile bu amac\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek \u00fczere ba\u015fvurulan ara\u00e7 aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki \u00fczerinde temellenen \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z yap\u0131lamaz. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 13 \u00fcnc\u00fc maddesinde demokratik toplum d\u00fczeninin gereklerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmama ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmama bi\u00e7iminde iki ayr\u0131 kritere yer verilmi\u015f olmakla birlikte bu iki kriter bir b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn par\u00e7alar\u0131 olup aralar\u0131nda s\u0131k\u0131 bir ili\u015fki vard\u0131r (Ferhat \u00dcst\u00fcnda\u011f, B. No: 2014\/15428, 17\/7\/2018, \u00a7 45). (AYM: Sat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Aslan, B. No: 2020\/6537, 24\/1\/2024, \u00a7 \u2026)<\/p>\n
M\u00fcdahaleyi olu\u015fturan tedbirin zorunlu bir toplumsal ihtiyac\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kabul edilebilmesi i\u00e7in amaca ula\u015fmaya elveri\u015fli olmas\u0131, ba\u015fvurulabilecek en son \u00e7are ve al\u0131nabilecek en hafif \u00f6nlem olarak kendisini g\u00f6stermesi gerekmektedir. Amaca ula\u015fmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmayan veya ula\u015f\u0131lmak istenen amaca nazaran bariz bir bi\u00e7imde a\u011f\u0131r olan bir m\u00fcdahalenin zorunlu bir toplumsal ihtiyac\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenemeyecektir (Ferhat \u00dcst\u00fcnda\u011f, \u00a7 46). (AYM: Sat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Aslan, B. No: 2020\/6537, 24\/1\/2024, \u00a7 \u2026)<\/p>\n
Orant\u0131l\u0131l\u0131k ise s\u0131n\u0131rlamayla ula\u015f\u0131lmak istenen ama\u00e7 ile ba\u015fvurulan s\u0131n\u0131rlama tedbiri aras\u0131nda dengesizlik bulunmamas\u0131na i\u015faret etmektedir. Di\u011fer bir ifadeyle orant\u0131l\u0131l\u0131k, bireyin hakk\u0131 ile kamunun menfaatleri veya m\u00fcdahalenin amac\u0131 ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n haklar\u0131n\u0131 korumak ise di\u011fer bireylerin hak ve menfaatleri aras\u0131nda adil bir dengenin kurulmas\u0131na i\u015faret etmektedir. Dengeleme sonucu m\u00fcdahalede bulunulan hakk\u0131n sahibine terazinin di\u011fer kefesinde bulunan kamu menfaati veya di\u011fer bireylerin menfaatine nazaran a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a orant\u0131s\u0131z bir k\u00fclfet y\u00fcklendi\u011finin tespiti h\u00e2linde orant\u0131l\u0131l\u0131k ilkesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnden bir sorunun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan s\u00f6z edilebilir (Ferhat \u00dcst\u00fcnda\u011f, \u00a7 48). (AYM: Sat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Aslan, B. No: 2020\/6537, 24\/1\/2024, \u00a7 \u2026)<\/p>\n
Buna g\u00f6re \u00f6zel hayata sayg\u0131 hakk\u0131na yap\u0131lan bir m\u00fcdahale, zorunlu bir toplumsal ihtiyac\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lam\u0131yorsa ya da zorunlu bir toplumsal ihtiyac\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamakla birlikte orant\u0131l\u0131 de\u011filse demokratik toplum d\u00fczeninin gereklerine uygun bir m\u00fcdahale olarak de\u011ferlendirilemez. (AYM: Sat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Aslan, B. No: 2020\/6537, 24\/1\/2024, \u00a7 \u2026)<\/p>\n
Dosya kapsam\u0131ndan, dava d\u0131\u015f\u0131 www.eksisozluk.com adl\u0131 internet sitesinde \u201c… … ili\u015fki iddias\u0131\u201d \u015feklinde a\u00e7\u0131lan ba\u015fl\u0131k nedeniyle Sulh Ceza Hakimli\u011fi taraf\u0131ndan 5651 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’a dayal\u0131 11.06.2019 tarihinde eri\u015fimin engellenmesine dair karar verildi\u011fi akabinde 21.06.2019 tarihinde daval\u0131 \u015firketin yay\u0131n sahibi oldu\u011fu www.cumhuriyet.com isimli internet haber sitesinde ve @cumhuriyetgzt adl\u0131 resmi Twitter hesab\u0131nda “Ek\u015fi S\u00f6zl\u00fckteki …- … Ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131” \u015feklinde yay\u0131nlar yap\u0131larak davac\u0131 ve dava d\u0131\u015f\u0131 …’un ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 \u00e7ektirilmi\u015f foto\u011fraflar\u0131na da yer verildi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Somut olayda, yay\u0131nda ge\u00e7en iddiaya ili\u015fkin bir delil ya da emare bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, yay\u0131n yasa\u011f\u0131 karar\u0131 verildi\u011fi \u015feklinde yap\u0131lan dava konusu haber ile ger\u00e7ekli\u011fine ili\u015fkin bir bilgi bulunmayan eri\u015fim engeli karar\u0131 verilen haberin yeniden haberle\u015ftirildi\u011fi, yay\u0131n yasa\u011f\u0131na dair karar\u0131n i\u015flevsiz … getirildi\u011fi, davac\u0131n\u0131n “\u00f6zel ya\u015fam\u0131na ve aile ya\u015fam\u0131na sayg\u0131 hakk\u0131n\u0131n” ihlal edildi\u011fi bu nedenle davac\u0131 yarar\u0131na manevi tazminata h\u00fckmedilmesinin ve miktar\u0131n\u0131n yerinde oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Temyizen incelenen karar y\u00f6n\u00fcnden, yukar\u0131da yap\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131klamalar, taraflar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 iddia ve savunmalar\u0131na, dayand\u0131klar\u0131 belgelere, uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011fa uygulanmas\u0131 gereken hukuk kurallar\u0131 ile hukuki ili\u015fkinin nitelendirilmesine, dava \u015fartlar\u0131na, yarg\u0131lama ve ispat kurallar\u0131 ile kararda belirtilen gerek\u00e7elere, olay\u0131n \u00fczerinden ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda karar\u0131n yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131 talebinin reddedilmesinin de yerinde oldu\u011funun anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131na g\u00f6re davac\u0131 vekilinin ve daval\u0131 Yenig\u00fcn Haber Ajans\u0131 Bas\u0131n ve Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k A.\u015e.’nin t\u00fcm temyiz itirazlar\u0131 yerinde g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
2. 5651 Say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130nternet Ortam\u0131nda Yap\u0131lan Yay\u0131nlar\u0131n D\u00fczenlenmesi ve Bu Yay\u0131nlar Yoluyla \u0130\u015flenen Su\u00e7larla M\u00fccadele Edilmesi Hakk\u0131nda Kanun’un 1 inci maddesinde bu Kanunun ama\u00e7 ve kapsam\u0131n\u0131n; i\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131, yer sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131, eri\u015fim sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 ve toplu kullan\u0131m sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck ve sorumluluklar\u0131 ile internet ortam\u0131nda i\u015flenen belirli su\u00e7larla i\u00e7erik, yer ve eri\u015fim sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 \u00fczerinden m\u00fccadeleye ili\u015fkin esas ve us\u00fbllerin d\u00fczenlenmesi oldu\u011fu belirtilmi\u015f, ayn\u0131 Kanun’un 3, 4, 5 ve 6 nc\u0131 maddelerinde ise i\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131, yer sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 ve eri\u015fim sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n sorumlu oldu\u011fu durumlar ve sorumluluk esaslar\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Dava konusu internet yay\u0131nlar\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden y\u00f6netim kurulu ba\u015fkan\u0131 olan …’a husumet d\u00fc\u015fmedi\u011fi ve hukuki sorumlulu\u011funun bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmakla, pasif husumet yoklu\u011fundan davan\u0131n usulden reddine karar verilmesi gerekirken, bu daval\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden de manevi tazminata karar verilmesi do\u011fru g\u00f6r\u00fclmedi\u011finden B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesi karar\u0131n\u0131n daval\u0131 … yarar\u0131na bozulmas\u0131na karar vermek gerekmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
VI. KARAR<\/p>\n
1.De\u011ferlendirme b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn (1) numaral\u0131 bendinde a\u00e7\u0131klanan sebeplerle davac\u0131 vekilinin ve daval\u0131 Yenig\u00fcn Haber Ajans\u0131 Bas\u0131n ve Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k A.\u015e.’nin t\u00fcm temyiz itirazlar\u0131n\u0131n REDD\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
2.De\u011ferlendirme b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn (2) numaral\u0131 bendinde a\u00e7\u0131klanan sebeplerle daval\u0131 … vekilinin temyiz itirazlar\u0131n\u0131n kabul\u00fc ile temyiz olunan B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesi karar\u0131n\u0131n daval\u0131 … yarar\u0131na BOZULMASINA,<\/p>\n
A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da yaz\u0131l\u0131 temyiz harc\u0131n\u0131n temyiz eden davac\u0131 ve daval\u0131lara y\u00fckletilmesine,<\/p>\n
Dosyan\u0131n karar\u0131 veren B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesine g\u00f6nderilmesine,<\/p>\n
22.02.2024 tarihinde oy birli\u011fi ile karar verildi.<\/p>\n
\u200bYarg\u0131tay 4. Hukuk Dairesi\u2019nin 22.02.2024 tarihli, 2021\/25442 E., 2024\/1909 K. say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131\u00a0Hukuki Haber<\/p>\n
Haberin Al\u0131nt\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kaynak: www.hukukihaber.net<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T.C. Yarg\u0131tay 4. Hukuk Dairesi 2021\/25442 E., 2024\/1909 K. “\u0130\u00e7tihat Metni” MAHKEMES\u0130 : \u0130stanbul B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesi 4. Hukuk Dairesi SAYISI : 2021\/928 E., 2021\/1927 K. 2- Yenig\u00fcn Haber Ajans\u0131 Bas\u0131n ve Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k A.\u015e. vekili Avukat Buket Yaz\u0131c\u0131 H\u00dcK\u00dcM\/KARAR : Davan\u0131n reddine- \u0130stinaf talebinin kabul\u00fc ile davan\u0131n k\u0131smen kabul\u00fc \u0130LK DERECE MAHKEMES\u0130 : \u0130stanbul 4. Asliye Hukuk Mahkemesi SAYISI : 2019\/237 E., 2021\/30 K. Taraflar aras\u0131ndaki internet yay\u0131n\u0131 yolu ile ki\u015filik haklar\u0131na sald\u0131r\u0131 iddias\u0131na dayal\u0131 manevi tazminat ve karar\u0131n yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131 davas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 yap\u0131lan yarg\u0131lama sonunda \u0130lk Derece Mahkemesince davan\u0131n reddine karar verilmi\u015ftir. Karar\u0131n davac\u0131 vekili taraf\u0131ndan istinaf edilmesi \u00fczerine, B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesince davac\u0131 vekilinin istinaf talebinin kabul\u00fcne, \u0130lk Derece Mahkemesi karar\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131larak esas hakk\u0131nda yeniden h\u00fck\u00fcm tesisine, davan\u0131n k\u0131smen kabul\u00fcne karar verilmi\u015ftir. B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesi karar\u0131 davac\u0131 vekili ve daval\u0131lar vekili taraf\u0131ndan temyiz edilmekle; kesinlik, s\u00fcre, temyiz \u015fart\u0131 ve di\u011fer usul eksiklikleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden yap\u0131lan \u00f6n inceleme sonucunda, temyiz dilek\u00e7esinin kabul\u00fcne karar verildikten ve Tetkik H\u00e2kimi taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan rapor dinlendikten sonra dosyadaki belgeler incelenip gere\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc: I. DAVA Davac\u0131 vekili dava dilek\u00e7esinde; www.eksisozluk.com adl\u0131 internet sitesinde \u201c… … ili\u015fki iddias\u0131\u201d \u015feklinde a\u00e7\u0131lan ba\u015fl\u0131k nedeniyle Sulh Ceza Hakimlikleri taraf\u0131ndan verilen eri\u015fimin engellenmesine dair kararlar\u0131n akabinde daval\u0131 Yenig\u00fcn Haber Ajans\u0131 Bas\u0131n ve Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-152802","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hukukihaber"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n