\u2018\u0130nsan\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 en b\u00fcy\u00fck duygusal devrim, utanma duygusudur.\u2019 KARL MARX<\/p>\n
\u201cDo\u011fumunun otuz birinci y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc arifesinde, ak\u015fam saat dokuza do\u011fru, tam da sokaklar\u0131n sessizle\u015fti\u011fi bir saatte, silindir \u015fapkal\u0131, frak giymi\u015f iki adam Joseph K\u2019n\u0131n evine gelirler ve Joseph K\u2019y\u0131 da al\u0131p d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya \u00e7\u0131karlar. Daha evin kap\u0131s\u0131ndan d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar \u00e7\u0131kmaz, aralar\u0131na ald\u0131klar\u0131 Joseph K\u2019n\u0131n omuzlar\u0131na yap\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar, kollar\u0131ndan kavray\u0131p ellerini yakalarlar. B\u00f6ylece kentin d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karak terk edilmi\u015f bo\u015f bir ta\u015f oca\u011f\u0131na gelirler. D\u00f6rt bir taraf, ba\u015fka hi\u00e7bir \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011fa vergi olmayan bir do\u011fall\u0131k ve sessizlik i\u00e7erisindeki ay \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fcd\u00fcr. Adamlardan birinin eli, Joseph K\u2019n\u0131n g\u0131rtla\u011f\u0131na sar\u0131l\u0131rken, di\u011feri elindeki b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 sonuna kadar Joseph K\u2019n\u0131n kalbine saplar ve b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011fu yerde iki kez \u00e7evirir. Son nefesini vermekte olan Joseph K. az ilerisinde katili olan iki adam\u0131n yanak yana\u011fa vermi\u015f bir \u015fekilde kendisine bakt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcr, o da onlara bakar ve \u2018Bir k\u00f6pek gibi\u2019 der.\u201d<\/p>\n
Al\u0131nt\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131m bu pasaj iktidar ve \u015fiddet \u00fczerine bug\u00fcne kadar yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan b\u00fcy\u00fck romanlar\u0131n en ba\u015f\u0131nda gelen Kafka\u2019n\u0131n \u2018Dava\u2019 isimli roman\u0131n\u0131n \u2018Son\u2019 ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan \u2018Onuncu B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u2019nde yer alan \u00f6l\u00fcm sahnesidir. Roman\u0131n b\u00f6yle de\u011fil de Joseph K\u2019n\u0131n aff\u0131yla, yani ona yap\u0131lan i\u015fkencenin sona ermesiyle bitmesi, acaba okuyucu y\u00f6n\u00fcnden daha do\u011fru bir mesaj olur muydu? Herhalde bunu Kafka\u2019da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ama d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f de olsa, b\u00f6yle bir finali tercih etmemi\u015ftir. Edebiyat ele\u015ftirmenlerine g\u00f6re bunun nedeni, Kafka\u2019n\u0131n roman\u0131n\u0131 \u2018su\u00e7luluk\u2019 temas\u0131yla de\u011fil de \u2018utan\u00e7\u2019 temas\u0131yla bitirmek istemesidir. Kafka\u2019n\u0131n roman\u0131n\u0131 bitirirken Joseph K.n\u0131n katledilmesiyle ilgili olarak: \u2018Sanki bunun utanc\u0131, kendisinden sonra da ya\u015famal\u0131yd\u0131\u2019 demi\u015f olmas\u0131 bu tespiti do\u011frulamak\u00adtad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu yaz\u0131n\u0131n konusunu olu\u015fturan \u015fiddet olgusunun, su\u00e7luluk boyutundan daha \u00e7ok, utan\u00e7 boyutu \u00fczerinde durmak istedi\u011fim i\u00e7in yazmaya Kafka\u2019n\u0131n \u2018Dava\u2019 isimli roman\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm sahnesi ile ba\u015flamay\u0131 tercih ettim. Zira biz hukuk\u00e7ular, mesle\u011fimizin \u00f6zelli\u011finden olsa gerek, \u015fiddeti, utan\u00e7 temelinde de\u011fil, daha \u00e7ok su\u00e7luluk temelinde de\u011ferlendiririz. Oysa \u015fiddet, sadece bir su\u00e7 de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda ve hatta daha \u00e7ok bir utan\u00e7, bir insanl\u0131k utanc\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Karl Marx\u2019\u0131n \u00f6zl\u00fc ifadesiyle \u2018\u0130nsan\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 en b\u00fcy\u00fck duygusal devrim, utanma duygusudur.\u2019 Bu duygusal devrimi kendi i\u00e7inde ve ki\u015fili\u011finde yapamayanlar\u0131n, yani utanma duygusu olmayanlar\u0131n ba\u015fvurdu\u011fu ara\u00e7 \u015fiddettir.<\/p>\n
\u015eiddet, \u015fiddete u\u011frayan\u0131n, \u2018\u00f6tekili\u011fi\u2019 kabul edilen, sayg\u0131 g\u00f6ren bir \u00f6zne olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131p duygular\u0131na ve bedenine zarar verilebilecek ve hatta ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131labilecek bir nesne olarak ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ili\u015fkisel bir eylemdir. Kad\u0131na y\u00f6nelik \u015fiddet de dahil her t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u015fiddetin k\u00f6ke\u00adni; modern toplumun yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 tatminsizli\u011fin, yal\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n, ikiy\u00fczl\u00fc bir ahlak\u0131n, sald\u0131rganl\u0131\u011f\u0131n, ne a\u015fk\u0131, ne sevgiyi, ne arkada\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131 ve ne de dostluklar\u0131 becerebilen bir toplumun damgas\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00d6yle oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in bug\u00fcn \u00fclkemizde her yerde \u015fiddet var. Sokakta \u015fiddet, televizyon dizilerinde \u015fiddet var. B\u0131rak\u0131n a\u015firet, t\u00f6re, pusu, namus k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 bir yana, b\u0131rak\u0131n aile i\u00e7i \u015fiddeti bir yana, b\u0131rak\u0131n ikili ili\u015fkilerde uygulanan ter\u00f6rizmi bir yana, b\u0131rak\u0131n yak\u0131nl\u0131k ter\u00f6rizmini bir yana, b\u0131rak\u0131n tinercilerin kentlerde uygulad\u0131klar\u0131 \u015fiddeti bir yana, bizim ba\u015fkalar\u0131na yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z, ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n bize hemen her g\u00fcn uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fiddete bak\u0131n. Umursamazl\u0131k \u015fiddeti, duyars\u0131zl\u0131k \u015fiddeti, istismar \u015fiddeti, cehaletin ve c\u00fcretin \u015fiddeti, yan\u0131lg\u0131n\u0131n, \u00f6zen\u00adsizli\u011fin, dikkatsizli\u011fin, sevgisizli\u011fin \u015fiddeti, iftiran\u0131n \u015fiddeti, dedikodunun \u015fiddeti, yalan\u0131n \u015fiddeti. Bunlar da \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc, bunlar da korkutucu, bunlar da yok edici, bunlar da kahredici de\u011fil mi?<\/p>\n
Peki! Neden \u015fiddet?<\/p>\n
Bunu yan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 modern olas\u0131l\u0131k kuram\u0131n\u0131n temellerini atan, ak\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar mekani\u011finin temel yas\u00adalar\u0131ndan biri olan ve kendi ad\u0131yla an\u0131lan Pascal Yasas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 bulan, kendisinden sonra gelen varolu\u015fcu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrleri etkileyen, bu ba\u011flamda sezgicilik ilkesini ortaya atan Frans\u0131z matematik\u00e7i, fizik\u00e7i ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr Blaise Pascal, T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye \u2018D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler\u2019 ad\u0131yla \u00e7evrilerek yay\u0131nlanan \u2018Pens\u00e9es\u2019 isimli eserinde \u015funlar\u0131 yazarak veriy\u00ador: \u2018\u0130nsano\u011flu b\u00fcy\u00fck adam olmak i\u00e7in heveslerle doludur, fakat bir g\u00fcn anlar ki, sadece bir k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck adam\u00add\u0131r; mutlu olmak i\u00e7in heveslerle doludur, fakat bir g\u00fcn anlar ki, sadece mutsuzdur; m\u00fckemmel olmak i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck hevesler ta\u015f\u0131r, fakat bir g\u00fcn anlar ki, sadece kusurlarla doludur; insanlar taraf\u0131ndan sevilen ve say\u0131lan bir ki\u015fi olmak i\u00e7in devaml\u0131 umutlar ta\u015f\u0131r, fakat bir g\u00fcn anlar ki, kusurlar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 sadece insanlar\u0131n hor g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne lay\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. \u0130\u015fte, d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kmaya imk\u00e2n bulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu utan\u00e7 duygusu, o insanda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir adaletsizlik ve y\u0131kma ihtiras\u0131 yarat\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu durumda o, kendisini kusurlar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 mahk\u00fbm eden ve bunun su\u00e7unu kendisine y\u00fckleyen ger\u00e7e\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 bitmez t\u00fckenmez bir nefrete b\u00fcr\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.\u2019<\/p>\n
Bu yaz\u0131t\u0131 yazmaya Kafka ile ba\u015flad\u0131m, Oscar Wilde ile son verece\u011fim.<\/p>\n
Kar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7la bo\u011faz\u0131n\u0131 keserek \u00f6ld\u00fcrmekten yarg\u0131lan\u0131p idama mahk\u00fbm edilen Krall\u0131k Muhaf\u0131z Alay\u0131 askerlerinden otuz ya\u015f\u0131nda Charles Thomas Wooldridge, 07 Temmuz 1896 g\u00fcn\u00fc \u0130ngiltere\u2019de Reading Zindan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6zel b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde as\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 hapishanede hapis yatan ve as\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce Wooldridge\u2019i g\u00f6ren ve as\u0131lma nedenini \u00f6\u011frenen Oscar Wilde\u2019\u0131n onun an\u0131s\u0131na yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ad\u0131n\u0131 \u2018Reading Zindan\u0131 Balad\u0131\u2019 olarak koydu\u011fu \u015fiirinin giri\u015f b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne yer vererek s\u00f6zlerime son verece\u011fim.<\/p>\n
\u2018K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 ceketini giyemiyordu o art\u0131k, \/ \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u015farap k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 ve kan da k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131yd\u0131, \/ Ellerine de \u015farap ve bir de kan bula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 \/ \u00d6l\u00fcn\u00fcn ba\u015fucunda onu bulduklar\u0131nda, \/ Sevdi\u011fi kad\u0131nca\u011f\u0131z, sevgilisiydi \u00f6len, \/ \u00d6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc kad\u0131n\u0131 vurarak yata\u011f\u0131nda. \/ O da yerini ald\u0131 su\u00e7lular aras\u0131nda, \/ Soluk gri bir tulum sark\u0131yordu s\u0131rt\u0131ndan; \/ Bir de kasket ba\u015f\u0131nda, \/ Kayg\u0131s\u0131z, \u015fen gibiydi, ad\u0131m at\u0131\u015flar\u0131nda; \/ Ki hi\u00e7 g\u00f6rmemi\u015ftim ben b\u00f6yle bakan bir adam, \/ Bu kadar i\u00e7tenlikle g\u00fcne g\u00f6zleri dalan. \/ Ben hi\u00e7 g\u00f6rmedim b\u00f6yle, b\u00f6yle bakan bir adam, \/ B\u00f6yle dalm\u0131\u015f g\u00f6zleri \/ K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck mavi \u00f6rt\u00fcye, \/ Zindanda tutuklu olanlar\u0131n g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc dedikleri, \/ O sal\u0131na sal\u0131na s\u00fcz\u00fclen bulutlara, Ki g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f yelkenleri. \/ \u00d6b\u00fcr ac\u0131lar\u0131n aras\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fcrken \/ Bir ba\u015fka b\u00f6lmedeki, \/ Ne yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 bu adam diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyordum, \/ Acaba yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ne, su\u00e7u da ne olacak, \/ Ki bir ses f\u0131s\u0131ldad\u0131 yava\u015f\u00e7ac\u0131k arkamdan, \/ \u2018O yeni gelen adam yak\u0131nda as\u0131lacak.\u2019 \/ Tanr\u0131m! O an zindan\u0131n ta\u015flar\u0131 duvarlar\u0131 \/ Sars\u0131l\u0131r gibi oldu, titredi birdenbire, \/ G\u00f6kler tepeme indi, \/ K\u0131zg\u0131n \u00e7elik bir \u00e7ember gibi s\u0131kt\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131m\u0131; \/ Kendi ac\u0131m kendime b\u00fcsb\u00fct\u00fcn yetiyorken \/ Birden hepsi silindi. \/ Anlad\u0131m, onu hangi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceydi kemiren \/ Ve iten neydi b\u00f6yle onun ad\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131, \/ Onun p\u0131r\u0131l p\u0131r\u0131l parlayan g\u00fcne neden \/ Bu kadar i\u00e7tenlikle b\u00f6ylesi dald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131; \/ Sevdi\u011fi bir kad\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc bu adam \/ Ve \u015fimdi buna kar\u015f\u0131 verecekti can\u0131n\u0131. \/ Ama gene de herkes sevdi\u011fini \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr, \/ Bu b\u00f6ylece biline, \/ Kimi bunu kin y\u00fckl\u00fc bak\u0131\u015flar\u0131yla yapar, \/ Kimi de ok\u015fay\u0131c\u0131 bir s\u00f6z ile \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr, \/ Korkak, bir \u00f6p\u00fcc\u00fckle, \/ Y\u00fcreklisi k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7la, bir k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7la \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr! \/ Kimi insan a\u015fk\u0131n\u0131 gen\u00e7li\u011finde \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr, \/ Kimi sevgilisini ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na saklar; \/ Baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr arzunun elleriyle, \/ Alt\u0131n\u2019\u0131n elleriyle bo\u011far baz\u0131 insanlar: \/ Bunlar\u0131n en \u00fcst\u00fcn\u00fc b\u0131\u00e7ak kullan\u0131r \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \/ B\u00f6ylelikle \u00f6lenler \u00e7abuk so\u011fuyup donar. \/ Kimi insan az sever, kimisi de \u00e7ok uzun, \/ Kimileri a\u015fk\u0131 satar, kimileri sat\u0131n al\u0131r; \/ Kimileri de yapar bu i\u015fi g\u00f6zya\u015f\u0131yla, \/ Kimilerinde a\u015fka serin kanla k\u0131y\u0131l\u0131r; \/ Hemen herkes bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr sevdi\u011fini, \/ Ama bundan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc herkes as\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u2019<\/p>\n
Evet! Ke\u015fke yap\u0131lmasa, ke\u015fke yapmasak diyoruz, ama yap\u0131l\u0131yor ve yap\u0131yoruz; hepimiz sevdi\u011fimizi, sevmedi\u011fimizi bir bi\u00e7imde \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcyoruz ve bunun ad\u0131na da \u015fiddet deniliyor.<\/p>\n
\u200b\u2018\u0130nsan\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 en b\u00fcy\u00fck duygusal devrim, utanma duygusudur.\u2019 KARL MARX<\/p>\n
\u201cDo\u011fumunun otuz birinci y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc arifesinde, ak\u015fam saat dokuza do\u011fru, tam da sokaklar\u0131n sessizle\u015fti\u011fi bir saatte, silindir \u015fapkal\u0131, frak giymi\u015f iki adam Joseph K\u2019n\u0131n evine gelirler ve Joseph K\u2019y\u0131 da al\u0131p d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya \u00e7\u0131karlar. Daha evin kap\u0131s\u0131ndan d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar \u00e7\u0131kmaz, aralar\u0131na ald\u0131klar\u0131 Joseph K\u2019n\u0131n omuzlar\u0131na yap\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar, kollar\u0131ndan kavray\u0131p ellerini yakalarlar. B\u00f6ylece kentin d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karak terk edilmi\u015f bo\u015f bir ta\u015f oca\u011f\u0131na gelirler. D\u00f6rt bir taraf, ba\u015fka hi\u00e7bir \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011fa vergi olmayan bir do\u011fall\u0131k ve sessizlik i\u00e7erisindeki ay \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fcd\u00fcr. Adamlardan birinin eli, Joseph K\u2019n\u0131n g\u0131rtla\u011f\u0131na sar\u0131l\u0131rken, di\u011feri elindeki b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 sonuna kadar Joseph K\u2019n\u0131n kalbine saplar ve b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011fu yerde iki kez \u00e7evirir. Son nefesini vermekte olan Joseph K. az ilerisinde katili olan iki adam\u0131n yanak yana\u011fa vermi\u015f bir \u015fekilde kendisine bakt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcr, o da onlara bakar ve \u2018Bir k\u00f6pek gibi\u2019 der.\u201d<\/p>\n
Al\u0131nt\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131m bu pasaj iktidar ve \u015fiddet \u00fczerine bug\u00fcne kadar yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan b\u00fcy\u00fck romanlar\u0131n en ba\u015f\u0131nda gelen Kafka\u2019n\u0131n \u2018Dava\u2019 isimli roman\u0131n\u0131n \u2018Son\u2019 ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan \u2018Onuncu B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u2019nde yer alan \u00f6l\u00fcm sahnesidir. Roman\u0131n b\u00f6yle de\u011fil de Joseph K\u2019n\u0131n aff\u0131yla, yani ona yap\u0131lan i\u015fkencenin sona ermesiyle bitmesi, acaba okuyucu y\u00f6n\u00fcnden daha do\u011fru bir mesaj olur muydu? Herhalde bunu Kafka\u2019da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ama d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f de olsa, b\u00f6yle bir finali tercih etmemi\u015ftir. Edebiyat ele\u015ftirmenlerine g\u00f6re bunun nedeni, Kafka\u2019n\u0131n roman\u0131n\u0131 \u2018su\u00e7luluk\u2019 temas\u0131yla de\u011fil de \u2018utan\u00e7\u2019 temas\u0131yla bitirmek istemesidir. Kafka\u2019n\u0131n roman\u0131n\u0131 bitirirken Joseph K.n\u0131n katledilmesiyle ilgili olarak: \u2018Sanki bunun utanc\u0131, kendisinden sonra da ya\u015famal\u0131yd\u0131\u2019 demi\u015f olmas\u0131 bu tespiti do\u011frulamak\u00adtad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu yaz\u0131n\u0131n konusunu olu\u015fturan \u015fiddet olgusunun, su\u00e7luluk boyutundan daha \u00e7ok, utan\u00e7 boyutu \u00fczerinde durmak istedi\u011fim i\u00e7in yazmaya Kafka\u2019n\u0131n \u2018Dava\u2019 isimli roman\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm sahnesi ile ba\u015flamay\u0131 tercih ettim. Zira biz hukuk\u00e7ular, mesle\u011fimizin \u00f6zelli\u011finden olsa gerek, \u015fiddeti, utan\u00e7 temelinde de\u011fil, daha \u00e7ok su\u00e7luluk temelinde de\u011ferlendiririz. Oysa \u015fiddet, sadece bir su\u00e7 de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda ve hatta daha \u00e7ok bir utan\u00e7, bir insanl\u0131k utanc\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Karl Marx\u2019\u0131n \u00f6zl\u00fc ifadesiyle \u2018\u0130nsan\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 en b\u00fcy\u00fck duygusal devrim, utanma duygusudur.\u2019 Bu duygusal devrimi kendi i\u00e7inde ve ki\u015fili\u011finde yapamayanlar\u0131n, yani utanma duygusu olmayanlar\u0131n ba\u015fvurdu\u011fu ara\u00e7 \u015fiddettir.<\/p>\n
\u015eiddet, \u015fiddete u\u011frayan\u0131n, \u2018\u00f6tekili\u011fi\u2019 kabul edilen, sayg\u0131 g\u00f6ren bir \u00f6zne olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131p duygular\u0131na ve bedenine zarar verilebilecek ve hatta ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131labilecek bir nesne olarak ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ili\u015fkisel bir eylemdir. Kad\u0131na y\u00f6nelik \u015fiddet de dahil her t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u015fiddetin k\u00f6ke\u00adni; modern toplumun yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 tatminsizli\u011fin, yal\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n, ikiy\u00fczl\u00fc bir ahlak\u0131n, sald\u0131rganl\u0131\u011f\u0131n, ne a\u015fk\u0131, ne sevgiyi, ne arkada\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131 ve ne de dostluklar\u0131 becerebilen bir toplumun damgas\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00d6yle oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in bug\u00fcn \u00fclkemizde her yerde \u015fiddet var. Sokakta \u015fiddet, televizyon dizilerinde \u015fiddet var. B\u0131rak\u0131n a\u015firet, t\u00f6re, pusu, namus k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 bir yana, b\u0131rak\u0131n aile i\u00e7i \u015fiddeti bir yana, b\u0131rak\u0131n ikili ili\u015fkilerde uygulanan ter\u00f6rizmi bir yana, b\u0131rak\u0131n yak\u0131nl\u0131k ter\u00f6rizmini bir yana, b\u0131rak\u0131n tinercilerin kentlerde uygulad\u0131klar\u0131 \u015fiddeti bir yana, bizim ba\u015fkalar\u0131na yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z, ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n bize hemen her g\u00fcn uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fiddete bak\u0131n. Umursamazl\u0131k \u015fiddeti, duyars\u0131zl\u0131k \u015fiddeti, istismar \u015fiddeti, cehaletin ve c\u00fcretin \u015fiddeti, yan\u0131lg\u0131n\u0131n, \u00f6zen\u00adsizli\u011fin, dikkatsizli\u011fin, sevgisizli\u011fin \u015fiddeti, iftiran\u0131n \u015fiddeti, dedikodunun \u015fiddeti, yalan\u0131n \u015fiddeti. Bunlar da \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc, bunlar da korkutucu, bunlar da yok edici, bunlar da kahredici de\u011fil mi?<\/p>\n
Peki! Neden \u015fiddet?<\/p>\n
Bunu yan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 modern olas\u0131l\u0131k kuram\u0131n\u0131n temellerini atan, ak\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar mekani\u011finin temel yas\u00adalar\u0131ndan biri olan ve kendi ad\u0131yla an\u0131lan Pascal Yasas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 bulan, kendisinden sonra gelen varolu\u015fcu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrleri etkileyen, bu ba\u011flamda sezgicilik ilkesini ortaya atan Frans\u0131z matematik\u00e7i, fizik\u00e7i ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr Blaise Pascal, T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye \u2018D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler\u2019 ad\u0131yla \u00e7evrilerek yay\u0131nlanan \u2018Pens\u00e9es\u2019 isimli eserinde \u015funlar\u0131 yazarak veriy\u00ador: \u2018\u0130nsano\u011flu b\u00fcy\u00fck adam olmak i\u00e7in heveslerle doludur, fakat bir g\u00fcn anlar ki, sadece bir k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck adam\u00add\u0131r; mutlu olmak i\u00e7in heveslerle doludur, fakat bir g\u00fcn anlar ki, sadece mutsuzdur; m\u00fckemmel olmak i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck hevesler ta\u015f\u0131r, fakat bir g\u00fcn anlar ki, sadece kusurlarla doludur; insanlar taraf\u0131ndan sevilen ve say\u0131lan bir ki\u015fi olmak i\u00e7in devaml\u0131 umutlar ta\u015f\u0131r, fakat bir g\u00fcn anlar ki, kusurlar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 sadece insanlar\u0131n hor g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne lay\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. \u0130\u015fte, d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kmaya imk\u00e2n bulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu utan\u00e7 duygusu, o insanda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir adaletsizlik ve y\u0131kma ihtiras\u0131 yarat\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu durumda o, kendisini kusurlar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 mahk\u00fbm eden ve bunun su\u00e7unu kendisine y\u00fckleyen ger\u00e7e\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 bitmez t\u00fckenmez bir nefrete b\u00fcr\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.\u2019<\/p>\n
Bu yaz\u0131t\u0131 yazmaya Kafka ile ba\u015flad\u0131m, Oscar Wilde ile son verece\u011fim.<\/p>\n
Kar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7la bo\u011faz\u0131n\u0131 keserek \u00f6ld\u00fcrmekten yarg\u0131lan\u0131p idama mahk\u00fbm edilen Krall\u0131k Muhaf\u0131z Alay\u0131 askerlerinden otuz ya\u015f\u0131nda Charles Thomas Wooldridge, 07 Temmuz 1896 g\u00fcn\u00fc \u0130ngiltere\u2019de Reading Zindan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6zel b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde as\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 hapishanede hapis yatan ve as\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce Wooldridge\u2019i g\u00f6ren ve as\u0131lma nedenini \u00f6\u011frenen Oscar Wilde\u2019\u0131n onun an\u0131s\u0131na yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ad\u0131n\u0131 \u2018Reading Zindan\u0131 Balad\u0131\u2019 olarak koydu\u011fu \u015fiirinin giri\u015f b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne yer vererek s\u00f6zlerime son verece\u011fim.<\/p>\n
\u2018K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 ceketini giyemiyordu o art\u0131k, \/ \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u015farap k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 ve kan da k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131yd\u0131, \/ Ellerine de \u015farap ve bir de kan bula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 \/ \u00d6l\u00fcn\u00fcn ba\u015fucunda onu bulduklar\u0131nda, \/ Sevdi\u011fi kad\u0131nca\u011f\u0131z, sevgilisiydi \u00f6len, \/ \u00d6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc kad\u0131n\u0131 vurarak yata\u011f\u0131nda. \/ O da yerini ald\u0131 su\u00e7lular aras\u0131nda, \/ Soluk gri bir tulum sark\u0131yordu s\u0131rt\u0131ndan; \/ Bir de kasket ba\u015f\u0131nda, \/ Kayg\u0131s\u0131z, \u015fen gibiydi, ad\u0131m at\u0131\u015flar\u0131nda; \/ Ki hi\u00e7 g\u00f6rmemi\u015ftim ben b\u00f6yle bakan bir adam, \/ Bu kadar i\u00e7tenlikle g\u00fcne g\u00f6zleri dalan. \/ Ben hi\u00e7 g\u00f6rmedim b\u00f6yle, b\u00f6yle bakan bir adam, \/ B\u00f6yle dalm\u0131\u015f g\u00f6zleri \/ K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck mavi \u00f6rt\u00fcye, \/ Zindanda tutuklu olanlar\u0131n g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc dedikleri, \/ O sal\u0131na sal\u0131na s\u00fcz\u00fclen bulutlara, Ki g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f yelkenleri. \/ \u00d6b\u00fcr ac\u0131lar\u0131n aras\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fcrken \/ Bir ba\u015fka b\u00f6lmedeki, \/ Ne yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 bu adam diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyordum, \/ Acaba yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ne, su\u00e7u da ne olacak, \/ Ki bir ses f\u0131s\u0131ldad\u0131 yava\u015f\u00e7ac\u0131k arkamdan, \/ \u2018O yeni gelen adam yak\u0131nda as\u0131lacak.\u2019 \/ Tanr\u0131m! O an zindan\u0131n ta\u015flar\u0131 duvarlar\u0131 \/ Sars\u0131l\u0131r gibi oldu, titredi birdenbire, \/ G\u00f6kler tepeme indi, \/ K\u0131zg\u0131n \u00e7elik bir \u00e7ember gibi s\u0131kt\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131m\u0131; \/ Kendi ac\u0131m kendime b\u00fcsb\u00fct\u00fcn yetiyorken \/ Birden hepsi silindi. \/ Anlad\u0131m, onu hangi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceydi kemiren \/ Ve iten neydi b\u00f6yle onun ad\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131, \/ Onun p\u0131r\u0131l p\u0131r\u0131l parlayan g\u00fcne neden \/ Bu kadar i\u00e7tenlikle b\u00f6ylesi dald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131; \/ Sevdi\u011fi bir kad\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc bu adam \/ Ve \u015fimdi buna kar\u015f\u0131 verecekti can\u0131n\u0131. \/ Ama gene de herkes sevdi\u011fini \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr, \/ Bu b\u00f6ylece biline, \/ Kimi bunu kin y\u00fckl\u00fc bak\u0131\u015flar\u0131yla yapar, \/ Kimi de ok\u015fay\u0131c\u0131 bir s\u00f6z ile \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr, \/ Korkak, bir \u00f6p\u00fcc\u00fckle, \/ Y\u00fcreklisi k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7la, bir k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7la \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr! \/ Kimi insan a\u015fk\u0131n\u0131 gen\u00e7li\u011finde \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr, \/ Kimi sevgilisini ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na saklar; \/ Baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr arzunun elleriyle, \/ Alt\u0131n\u2019\u0131n elleriyle bo\u011far baz\u0131 insanlar: \/ Bunlar\u0131n en \u00fcst\u00fcn\u00fc b\u0131\u00e7ak kullan\u0131r \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \/ B\u00f6ylelikle \u00f6lenler \u00e7abuk so\u011fuyup donar. \/ Kimi insan az sever, kimisi de \u00e7ok uzun, \/ Kimileri a\u015fk\u0131 satar, kimileri sat\u0131n al\u0131r; \/ Kimileri de yapar bu i\u015fi g\u00f6zya\u015f\u0131yla, \/ Kimilerinde a\u015fka serin kanla k\u0131y\u0131l\u0131r; \/ Hemen herkes bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr sevdi\u011fini, \/ Ama bundan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc herkes as\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u2019<\/p>\n
Evet! Ke\u015fke yap\u0131lmasa, ke\u015fke yapmasak diyoruz, ama yap\u0131l\u0131yor ve yap\u0131yoruz; hepimiz sevdi\u011fimizi, sevmedi\u011fimizi bir bi\u00e7imde \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcyoruz ve bunun ad\u0131na da \u015fiddet deniliyor.\u00a0Hukuki Haber<\/p>\n
Haberin Al\u0131nt\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kaynak: www.hukukihaber.net<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u2018\u0130nsan\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 en b\u00fcy\u00fck duygusal devrim, utanma duygusudur.\u2019 KARL MARX \u201cDo\u011fumunun otuz birinci y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc arifesinde, ak\u015fam saat dokuza do\u011fru, tam da sokaklar\u0131n sessizle\u015fti\u011fi bir saatte, silindir \u015fapkal\u0131, frak giymi\u015f iki adam Joseph K\u2019n\u0131n evine gelirler ve Joseph K\u2019y\u0131 da al\u0131p d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya \u00e7\u0131karlar. Daha evin kap\u0131s\u0131ndan d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar \u00e7\u0131kmaz, aralar\u0131na ald\u0131klar\u0131 Joseph K\u2019n\u0131n omuzlar\u0131na yap\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar, kollar\u0131ndan kavray\u0131p ellerini yakalarlar. B\u00f6ylece kentin d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karak terk edilmi\u015f bo\u015f bir ta\u015f oca\u011f\u0131na gelirler. D\u00f6rt bir taraf, ba\u015fka hi\u00e7bir \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011fa vergi olmayan bir do\u011fall\u0131k ve sessizlik i\u00e7erisindeki ay \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fcd\u00fcr. Adamlardan birinin eli, Joseph K\u2019n\u0131n g\u0131rtla\u011f\u0131na sar\u0131l\u0131rken, di\u011feri elindeki b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 sonuna kadar Joseph K\u2019n\u0131n kalbine saplar ve b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011fu yerde iki kez \u00e7evirir. Son nefesini vermekte olan Joseph K. az ilerisinde katili olan iki adam\u0131n yanak yana\u011fa vermi\u015f bir \u015fekilde kendisine bakt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcr, o da onlara bakar ve \u2018Bir k\u00f6pek gibi\u2019 der.\u201d Al\u0131nt\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131m bu pasaj iktidar ve \u015fiddet \u00fczerine bug\u00fcne kadar yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan b\u00fcy\u00fck romanlar\u0131n en ba\u015f\u0131nda gelen Kafka\u2019n\u0131n \u2018Dava\u2019 isimli roman\u0131n\u0131n \u2018Son\u2019 ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan \u2018Onuncu B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u2019nde yer alan \u00f6l\u00fcm sahnesidir. Roman\u0131n b\u00f6yle de\u011fil de Joseph K\u2019n\u0131n aff\u0131yla, yani ona yap\u0131lan i\u015fkencenin sona ermesiyle bitmesi, acaba okuyucu y\u00f6n\u00fcnden daha do\u011fru bir mesaj olur muydu? Herhalde bunu Kafka\u2019da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ama d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f de olsa, b\u00f6yle bir …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-106440","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hukukihaber"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n