Ceza\u00ee konularda yabanc\u0131 devlete iade kurumu g\u00fcn ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e uygulamas\u0131 artmaya ba\u015flayan bir hukuk\u00ee prosed\u00fcrd\u00fcr. Bu nedenle 6706 Say\u0131l\u0131 Ceza\u00ee Konularda Uluslararas\u0131 Adl\u00ee \u0130\u015f Birli\u011fi Kanun do\u011frultusunda irdeleme yapmakta fayda bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bilindi\u011fi \u00fczere T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015f\u0131 bir ki\u015fi yabanc\u0131 \u00fclkeye iade edilemez. Sadece yabanc\u0131lar yabanc\u0131 \u00fclkeye iade edilebilirler. \u0130ade kurumunun i\u015fletilebilmesi i\u00e7in su\u00e7un \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n 1 y\u0131l veya daha fazla s\u00fcreli hapis cezas\u0131 olmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Kesin mahk\u00fbmiyet bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ise en az 4 ay hapis cezas\u0131 aranmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ayn\u0131 yabanc\u0131n\u0131n iadesini birden \u00e7ok yabanc\u0131 devlet isterse nihai karar\u0131 merkezi makam olan Adalet Bakan\u0131 verecektir. \u0130ade h\u00e2linde yabanc\u0131 ancak iadeye konu edilen su\u00e7lar bak\u0131m\u0131ndan yarg\u0131lanabilir. Bu h\u00e2l iadede belirlilik kural\u0131n\u0131n gere\u011fidir.<\/p>\n
\u0130ade talebinin takdir yetkisi olmaks\u0131z\u0131n reddedilece\u011fi h\u00e2ller yasada a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n
1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ki\u015fi T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015f\u0131ysa,<\/p>\n
2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130adesi talep edilen ki\u015finin \u0131rk\u0131, etnik k\u00f6keni, dini, siyasi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc nedeniyle k\u00f6t\u00fc muameleye maruz kalaca\u011f\u0131na dair kuvvetli \u015f\u00fcphe varsa,<\/p>\n
3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce su\u00e7u-siyasi su\u00e7-siyasi su\u00e7la ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7 h\u00e2li varsa,<\/p>\n
4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 S\u0131rf askeri su\u00e7 varsa,<\/p>\n
5)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin g\u00fcvenli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 yahut T\u00fcrk kanunlar\u0131na g\u00f6re kurulmu\u015f bir t\u00fczel ki\u015finin zarar\u0131na i\u015flenen su\u00e7 h\u00e2li varsa,<\/p>\n
6)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin yarg\u0131lama yetkisine giren bir h\u00e2l varsa,<\/p>\n
7)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Zaman a\u015f\u0131m\u0131 veya affa u\u011fram\u0131\u015f su\u00e7 h\u00e2li varsa,<\/p>\n
8)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130adesi talep edilen ki\u015fi hakk\u0131nda talebe konu fiil nedeniyle daha \u00f6nce T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de beraat yahut mahk\u00fbmiyet karar\u0131 verilmi\u015fse,<\/p>\n
9)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00d6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131 veya insan onuru ile ba\u011fda\u015fmayan bir ceza gerektiren su\u00e7lara ili\u015fkin talep varsa<\/p>\n
Say\u0131lan h\u00e2llerde iade talebi reddedilecektir. Son h\u00e2l bak\u0131m\u0131ndan talep eden devlet\u00e7e \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen cezan\u0131n infaz edilmeyece\u011fine dair yeterli teminat verilirse iade talebi kabul edilebilir.<\/p>\n
Siyasi su\u00e7 say\u0131lmayan ve iade talebine konu edilebilen h\u00e2ller vard\u0131r. An\u0131lan h\u00e2llerde iade m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr: Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 veya ailesine y\u00f6nelik su\u00e7lar, ter\u00f6r eylemleri, soyk\u0131r\u0131m, insanl\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7lar, devlete yahut kurumlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 anar\u015fizm eylemleri.<\/p>\n
\u0130ade talebinin takdir yetkisine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak kabul edilmeyebilece\u011fi h\u00e2ller ise \u015funlard\u0131r: \u0130adesi istenen talep tarihinde on sekiz ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 doldurmam\u0131\u015fsa, uzun zamandan beri T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ise yahut uzun zamandan beri T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de evli ise, iade kendisini veya ailesini orant\u0131s\u0131z bi\u00e7imde ma\u011fdur edecekse takdir yetkisi kullan\u0131larak iade talebi kabul g\u00f6rmeyebilir.<\/p>\n
TCK madde 12\/3 kapsam\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenen su\u00e7lar bak\u0131m\u0131ndan yabanc\u0131 aleyhine ge\u00e7ici tutuklama tedbirine ba\u015fvurulmas\u0131 da olanakl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ge\u00e7ici tutuklama bak\u0131m\u0131ndan genel kural ilgili devletin bu y\u00f6nde talebi olmas\u0131 ve Adalet Bakan\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan uygun g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f verilmesidir. Genel kural bu y\u00f6nde olmakla birlikte istisna olarak TCK 12\/3-a kapsam\u0131nda kalan bir su\u00e7 varsa ve bu su\u00e7un alt s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 en az 3 y\u0131l hapis cezas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6rmekteyse ilgili devletin talebi aranmayacakt\u0131r. Yakalanan yabanc\u0131 en ge\u00e7 24 saat i\u00e7erisinde sulh ceza h\u00e2kimi \u00f6n\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r. Ge\u00e7ici tutuklama bak\u0131m\u0131ndan kural en \u00e7ok 40 g\u00fcn olarak belirlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
\u0130ade talepleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan karar\u0131 ki\u015finin bulundu\u011fu yer a\u011f\u0131r ceza mahkemesi verir. \u015eayet bu yer belli de\u011filse Ankara a\u011f\u0131r ceza mahkemesi karar\u0131 verebilecektir. \u0130ade yarg\u0131lamalar\u0131nda kat\u0131lma olanakl\u0131 de\u011fildir. \u0130ade r\u0131zaya dayal\u0131 ve r\u0131zaya dayanmayan iade olarak ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r. R\u0131zaya dayanmayan iade kural olup r\u0131zaya dayal\u0131 iade ise istisnad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
R\u0131zaya dayal\u0131 olmayan iade h\u00e2linde a\u011f\u0131r ceza mahkemesi iade talebinin kabul edilemezli\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde karar verebilir. An\u0131lan y\u00f6nde verilen karar kesindir. A\u011f\u0131r ceza mahkemesi r\u0131zaya dayal\u0131 olmayan iade talebinin kabul\u00fcne karar verirse bu karara kar\u015f\u0131 do\u011frudan Yarg\u0131tay (temyiz) incelemesine ba\u015fvurmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Yarg\u0131tay ba\u015fvuruyu 3 ay i\u00e7erisinde karara ba\u011flayacakt\u0131r. R\u0131zaya dayal\u0131 olmayan iade karar\u0131n\u0131n icras\u0131 D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc ile Adalet Bakan\u0131 teklifi sonras\u0131nda Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 onay\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
R\u0131zaya dayal\u0131 iade bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da a\u011f\u0131r ceza mahkemesi kabul edilemezlik karar\u0131 verirse karar\u0131n kesin olmas\u0131 s\u00f6z konusudur. R\u0131zaya dayal\u0131 iade h\u00e2linde iade talebi a\u011f\u0131r ceza mahkemesi taraf\u0131ndan uygun g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcrse bu karara kar\u015f\u0131 itiraz yolu a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Bu h\u00e2lde iade karar\u0131n\u0131n icras\u0131 yaln\u0131zca Adalet Bakan\u0131 onay\u0131na ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u0130ade s\u00fcreci bak\u0131m\u0131ndan s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 edilme prosed\u00fcr\u00fc de farkl\u0131 i\u015flemektedir. Yabanc\u0131, iade s\u00fcrecinde Adalet Bakan\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc al\u0131nmadan s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 edilemez ve yine yabanc\u0131 Adalet Bakan\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc al\u0131nmadan iade talebi reddedilen devlete s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 edilemez.\u00a0<\/p>\n
Bu yaz\u0131da en \u00f6zet h\u00e2liyle ceza\u00ee konularda ki\u015finin yabanc\u0131 \u00fclkelere iade m\u00fcessesesi 6706 say\u0131l\u0131 Ceza\u00ee Konularda Uluslararas\u0131 Adl\u00ee \u0130\u015f Birli\u011fi Kanunu \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde incelenmi\u015ftir. \u0130ade talebinin ko\u015fullar\u0131, ret sebepleri, mahkemelerce y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen usul, ge\u00e7ici tutuklama h\u00fck\u00fcmleri ve r\u0131zaya dayal\u0131 yahut r\u0131zaya dayanmayan iade ayr\u0131m\u0131 ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca iade kararlar\u0131n\u0131n infaz\u0131nda rol oynayan idari merciler ve yetkileri \u00fczerinde durulmu\u015ftur. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde giderek artan uluslararas\u0131 ceza i\u015f birli\u011fi uygulamalar\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda \u00f6ncelikle uluslararas\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler ard\u0131ndan i\u00e7 hukuk d\u00fczenlemeleri dikkatli bi\u00e7imde irdelenmelidir.<\/p>\n
\u0130rdelenen kanun ceza hukukunun uluslararas\u0131 boyutuna dair \u00f6nemli d\u00fczenlemeler getirmi\u015ftir. \u00d6zellikle ki\u015filerin iadesine ili\u015fkin h\u00fck\u00fcmler hem insan haklar\u0131 hem de uluslararas\u0131 i\u015f birli\u011fi ilkeleri dikkate al\u0131narak kurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmada g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere iade talebinin kabul\u00fc ya da reddi; hukuki, siyasi ve insani bir\u00e7ok parametreye ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Uygulamada en \u00e7ok kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan sorunlardan biri de siyasi su\u00e7 istisnas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesindeki belirsizliklerdir. Bunun yan\u0131nda ge\u00e7ici tutuklama gibi koruma tedbirleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da dikkatle hareket etmek gerekmektedir. Bu nedenle hem adl\u00ee mercilerin hem de merkezi makam\u0131n s\u00fcreci \u015feffaf, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc ve evrensel hukuk ilkelerine uygun \u015fekilde y\u00fcr\u00fctmesi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem arz etmektedir. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, iade m\u00fcessesesi yaln\u0131zca hukuk\u00ee de\u011fil ayn\u0131 zamanda diplomatik ve insani boyutlar\u0131 da i\u00e7eren \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc bir mekanizmad\u0131r. Netice olarak iade taleplerinin de\u011ferlendirilmesinde mevzuat h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin \u00f6tesine ge\u00e7en bir \u00f6zen ve \u00e7ok boyutlu analiz yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
\u200bCeza\u00ee konularda yabanc\u0131 devlete iade kurumu g\u00fcn ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e uygulamas\u0131 artmaya ba\u015flayan bir hukuk\u00ee prosed\u00fcrd\u00fcr. Bu nedenle 6706 Say\u0131l\u0131 Ceza\u00ee Konularda Uluslararas\u0131 Adl\u00ee \u0130\u015f Birli\u011fi Kanun do\u011frultusunda irdeleme yapmakta fayda bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bilindi\u011fi \u00fczere T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015f\u0131 bir ki\u015fi yabanc\u0131 \u00fclkeye iade edilemez. Sadece yabanc\u0131lar yabanc\u0131 \u00fclkeye iade edilebilirler. \u0130ade kurumunun i\u015fletilebilmesi i\u00e7in su\u00e7un \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n 1 y\u0131l veya daha fazla s\u00fcreli hapis cezas\u0131 olmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Kesin mahk\u00fbmiyet bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ise en az 4 ay hapis cezas\u0131 aranmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ayn\u0131 yabanc\u0131n\u0131n iadesini birden \u00e7ok yabanc\u0131 devlet isterse nihai karar\u0131 merkezi makam olan Adalet Bakan\u0131 verecektir. \u0130ade h\u00e2linde yabanc\u0131 ancak iadeye konu edilen su\u00e7lar bak\u0131m\u0131ndan yarg\u0131lanabilir. Bu h\u00e2l iadede belirlilik kural\u0131n\u0131n gere\u011fidir.<\/p>\n
\u0130ade talebinin takdir yetkisi olmaks\u0131z\u0131n reddedilece\u011fi h\u00e2ller yasada a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n
1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ki\u015fi T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015f\u0131ysa,<\/p>\n
2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130adesi talep edilen ki\u015finin \u0131rk\u0131, etnik k\u00f6keni, dini, siyasi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc nedeniyle k\u00f6t\u00fc muameleye maruz kalaca\u011f\u0131na dair kuvvetli \u015f\u00fcphe varsa,<\/p>\n
3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce su\u00e7u-siyasi su\u00e7-siyasi su\u00e7la ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7 h\u00e2li varsa,<\/p>\n
4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 S\u0131rf askeri su\u00e7 varsa,<\/p>\n
5)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin g\u00fcvenli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 yahut T\u00fcrk kanunlar\u0131na g\u00f6re kurulmu\u015f bir t\u00fczel ki\u015finin zarar\u0131na i\u015flenen su\u00e7 h\u00e2li varsa,<\/p>\n
6)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin yarg\u0131lama yetkisine giren bir h\u00e2l varsa,<\/p>\n
7)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Zaman a\u015f\u0131m\u0131 veya affa u\u011fram\u0131\u015f su\u00e7 h\u00e2li varsa,<\/p>\n
8)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130adesi talep edilen ki\u015fi hakk\u0131nda talebe konu fiil nedeniyle daha \u00f6nce T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de beraat yahut mahk\u00fbmiyet karar\u0131 verilmi\u015fse,<\/p>\n
9)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00d6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131 veya insan onuru ile ba\u011fda\u015fmayan bir ceza gerektiren su\u00e7lara ili\u015fkin talep varsa<\/p>\n
Say\u0131lan h\u00e2llerde iade talebi reddedilecektir. Son h\u00e2l bak\u0131m\u0131ndan talep eden devlet\u00e7e \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen cezan\u0131n infaz edilmeyece\u011fine dair yeterli teminat verilirse iade talebi kabul edilebilir.<\/p>\n
Siyasi su\u00e7 say\u0131lmayan ve iade talebine konu edilebilen h\u00e2ller vard\u0131r. An\u0131lan h\u00e2llerde iade m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr: Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 veya ailesine y\u00f6nelik su\u00e7lar, ter\u00f6r eylemleri, soyk\u0131r\u0131m, insanl\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7lar, devlete yahut kurumlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 anar\u015fizm eylemleri.<\/p>\n
\u0130ade talebinin takdir yetkisine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak kabul edilmeyebilece\u011fi h\u00e2ller ise \u015funlard\u0131r: \u0130adesi istenen talep tarihinde on sekiz ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 doldurmam\u0131\u015fsa, uzun zamandan beri T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ise yahut uzun zamandan beri T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de evli ise, iade kendisini veya ailesini orant\u0131s\u0131z bi\u00e7imde ma\u011fdur edecekse takdir yetkisi kullan\u0131larak iade talebi kabul g\u00f6rmeyebilir.<\/p>\n
TCK madde 12\/3 kapsam\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenen su\u00e7lar bak\u0131m\u0131ndan yabanc\u0131 aleyhine ge\u00e7ici tutuklama tedbirine ba\u015fvurulmas\u0131 da olanakl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ge\u00e7ici tutuklama bak\u0131m\u0131ndan genel kural ilgili devletin bu y\u00f6nde talebi olmas\u0131 ve Adalet Bakan\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan uygun g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f verilmesidir. Genel kural bu y\u00f6nde olmakla birlikte istisna olarak TCK 12\/3-a kapsam\u0131nda kalan bir su\u00e7 varsa ve bu su\u00e7un alt s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 en az 3 y\u0131l hapis cezas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6rmekteyse ilgili devletin talebi aranmayacakt\u0131r. Yakalanan yabanc\u0131 en ge\u00e7 24 saat i\u00e7erisinde sulh ceza h\u00e2kimi \u00f6n\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r. Ge\u00e7ici tutuklama bak\u0131m\u0131ndan kural en \u00e7ok 40 g\u00fcn olarak belirlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
\u0130ade talepleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan karar\u0131 ki\u015finin bulundu\u011fu yer a\u011f\u0131r ceza mahkemesi verir. \u015eayet bu yer belli de\u011filse Ankara a\u011f\u0131r ceza mahkemesi karar\u0131 verebilecektir. \u0130ade yarg\u0131lamalar\u0131nda kat\u0131lma olanakl\u0131 de\u011fildir. \u0130ade r\u0131zaya dayal\u0131 ve r\u0131zaya dayanmayan iade olarak ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r. R\u0131zaya dayanmayan iade kural olup r\u0131zaya dayal\u0131 iade ise istisnad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
R\u0131zaya dayal\u0131 olmayan iade h\u00e2linde a\u011f\u0131r ceza mahkemesi iade talebinin kabul edilemezli\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde karar verebilir. An\u0131lan y\u00f6nde verilen karar kesindir. A\u011f\u0131r ceza mahkemesi r\u0131zaya dayal\u0131 olmayan iade talebinin kabul\u00fcne karar verirse bu karara kar\u015f\u0131 do\u011frudan Yarg\u0131tay (temyiz) incelemesine ba\u015fvurmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Yarg\u0131tay ba\u015fvuruyu 3 ay i\u00e7erisinde karara ba\u011flayacakt\u0131r. R\u0131zaya dayal\u0131 olmayan iade karar\u0131n\u0131n icras\u0131 D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc ile Adalet Bakan\u0131 teklifi sonras\u0131nda Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 onay\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
R\u0131zaya dayal\u0131 iade bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da a\u011f\u0131r ceza mahkemesi kabul edilemezlik karar\u0131 verirse karar\u0131n kesin olmas\u0131 s\u00f6z konusudur. R\u0131zaya dayal\u0131 iade h\u00e2linde iade talebi a\u011f\u0131r ceza mahkemesi taraf\u0131ndan uygun g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcrse bu karara kar\u015f\u0131 itiraz yolu a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Bu h\u00e2lde iade karar\u0131n\u0131n icras\u0131 yaln\u0131zca Adalet Bakan\u0131 onay\u0131na ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u0130ade s\u00fcreci bak\u0131m\u0131ndan s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 edilme prosed\u00fcr\u00fc de farkl\u0131 i\u015flemektedir. Yabanc\u0131, iade s\u00fcrecinde Adalet Bakan\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc al\u0131nmadan s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 edilemez ve yine yabanc\u0131 Adalet Bakan\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc al\u0131nmadan iade talebi reddedilen devlete s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 edilemez.\u00a0<\/p>\n
Bu yaz\u0131da en \u00f6zet h\u00e2liyle ceza\u00ee konularda ki\u015finin yabanc\u0131 \u00fclkelere iade m\u00fcessesesi 6706 say\u0131l\u0131 Ceza\u00ee Konularda Uluslararas\u0131 Adl\u00ee \u0130\u015f Birli\u011fi Kanunu \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde incelenmi\u015ftir. \u0130ade talebinin ko\u015fullar\u0131, ret sebepleri, mahkemelerce y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen usul, ge\u00e7ici tutuklama h\u00fck\u00fcmleri ve r\u0131zaya dayal\u0131 yahut r\u0131zaya dayanmayan iade ayr\u0131m\u0131 ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca iade kararlar\u0131n\u0131n infaz\u0131nda rol oynayan idari merciler ve yetkileri \u00fczerinde durulmu\u015ftur. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde giderek artan uluslararas\u0131 ceza i\u015f birli\u011fi uygulamalar\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda \u00f6ncelikle uluslararas\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler ard\u0131ndan i\u00e7 hukuk d\u00fczenlemeleri dikkatli bi\u00e7imde irdelenmelidir.<\/p>\n
\u0130rdelenen kanun ceza hukukunun uluslararas\u0131 boyutuna dair \u00f6nemli d\u00fczenlemeler getirmi\u015ftir. \u00d6zellikle ki\u015filerin iadesine ili\u015fkin h\u00fck\u00fcmler hem insan haklar\u0131 hem de uluslararas\u0131 i\u015f birli\u011fi ilkeleri dikkate al\u0131narak kurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmada g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere iade talebinin kabul\u00fc ya da reddi; hukuki, siyasi ve insani bir\u00e7ok parametreye ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Uygulamada en \u00e7ok kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan sorunlardan biri de siyasi su\u00e7 istisnas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesindeki belirsizliklerdir. Bunun yan\u0131nda ge\u00e7ici tutuklama gibi koruma tedbirleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da dikkatle hareket etmek gerekmektedir. Bu nedenle hem adl\u00ee mercilerin hem de merkezi makam\u0131n s\u00fcreci \u015feffaf, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc ve evrensel hukuk ilkelerine uygun \u015fekilde y\u00fcr\u00fctmesi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem arz etmektedir. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, iade m\u00fcessesesi yaln\u0131zca hukuk\u00ee de\u011fil ayn\u0131 zamanda diplomatik ve insani boyutlar\u0131 da i\u00e7eren \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc bir mekanizmad\u0131r. Netice olarak iade taleplerinin de\u011ferlendirilmesinde mevzuat h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin \u00f6tesine ge\u00e7en bir \u00f6zen ve \u00e7ok boyutlu analiz yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.\u00a0Hukuki Haber<\/p>\n
Haberin Al\u0131nt\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kaynak: www.hukukihaber.net<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ceza\u00ee konularda yabanc\u0131 devlete iade kurumu g\u00fcn ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e uygulamas\u0131 artmaya ba\u015flayan bir hukuk\u00ee prosed\u00fcrd\u00fcr. Bu nedenle 6706 Say\u0131l\u0131 Ceza\u00ee Konularda Uluslararas\u0131 Adl\u00ee \u0130\u015f Birli\u011fi Kanun do\u011frultusunda irdeleme yapmakta fayda bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bilindi\u011fi \u00fczere T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015f\u0131 bir ki\u015fi yabanc\u0131 \u00fclkeye iade edilemez. Sadece yabanc\u0131lar yabanc\u0131 \u00fclkeye iade edilebilirler. \u0130ade kurumunun i\u015fletilebilmesi i\u00e7in su\u00e7un \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n 1 y\u0131l veya daha fazla s\u00fcreli hapis cezas\u0131 olmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Kesin mahk\u00fbmiyet bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ise en az 4 ay hapis cezas\u0131 aranmaktad\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 yabanc\u0131n\u0131n iadesini birden \u00e7ok yabanc\u0131 devlet isterse nihai karar\u0131 merkezi makam olan Adalet Bakan\u0131 verecektir. \u0130ade h\u00e2linde yabanc\u0131 ancak iadeye konu edilen su\u00e7lar bak\u0131m\u0131ndan yarg\u0131lanabilir. Bu h\u00e2l iadede belirlilik kural\u0131n\u0131n gere\u011fidir. \u0130ade talebinin takdir yetkisi olmaks\u0131z\u0131n reddedilece\u011fi h\u00e2ller yasada a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir: 1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ki\u015fi T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015f\u0131ysa, 2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130adesi talep edilen ki\u015finin \u0131rk\u0131, etnik k\u00f6keni, dini, siyasi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc nedeniyle k\u00f6t\u00fc muameleye maruz kalaca\u011f\u0131na dair kuvvetli \u015f\u00fcphe varsa, 3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce su\u00e7u-siyasi su\u00e7-siyasi su\u00e7la ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7 h\u00e2li varsa, 4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 S\u0131rf askeri su\u00e7 varsa, 5)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin g\u00fcvenli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 yahut T\u00fcrk kanunlar\u0131na g\u00f6re kurulmu\u015f bir t\u00fczel ki\u015finin zarar\u0131na i\u015flenen su\u00e7 h\u00e2li varsa, 6)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin yarg\u0131lama yetkisine giren bir h\u00e2l varsa, 7)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Zaman a\u015f\u0131m\u0131 veya affa u\u011fram\u0131\u015f su\u00e7 h\u00e2li varsa, 8)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130adesi talep edilen ki\u015fi hakk\u0131nda talebe konu fiil nedeniyle daha \u00f6nce …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-83891","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hukukihaber"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n