T\u00dcRK\u0130YE CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130<\/p>\n
ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u0130K\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
KARAR<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u0130.K. BA\u015eVURUSU<\/p>\n
(Ba\u015fvuru Numaras\u0131: 2021\/59751)<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Karar Tarihi: 2\/10\/2024<\/p>\n
\u0130K\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
KARAR<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
G\u0130ZL\u0130L\u0130K TALEB\u0130 KABUL<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fkan<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
Basri BA\u011eCI<\/p>\n
\u00dcyeler<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
Engin YILDIRIM<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
R\u0131dvan G\u00dcLE\u00c7<\/p>\n
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Y\u0131ld\u0131z SEFER\u0130NO\u011eLU<\/p>\n
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Kenan YA\u015eAR<\/p>\n
Raport\u00f6r<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
Burak G\u00dcNG\u00d6R<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fvurucu<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
\u0130.K.<\/p>\n
Vekili<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
Av. Burcu HAS<\/p>\n
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I. BA\u015eVURUNUN \u00d6ZET\u0130<\/p>\n
1. Ba\u015fvuru, beyanlar\u0131 belirleyici \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde h\u00fckme esas al\u0131nan tan\u0131klar\u0131n san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan duru\u015fmada sorgulanmas\u0131na imk\u00e2n verilmemesi nedeniyle tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fi iddias\u0131na ili\u015fkindir.<\/p>\n
2. Adana Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131k) Fetullah\u00e7\u0131 Ter\u00f6r \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\/Paralel Devlet Yap\u0131lanmas\u0131 (FET\u00d6\/PDY) \u00fcyesi oldu\u011fu \u015f\u00fcphesiyle ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda soru\u015fturma ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda soru\u015fturma s\u00fcrecinde 8\/8\/2016 tarihinde yakalama karar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
3. Soru\u015fturma neticesinde Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131k, ba\u015fvurucunun silahl\u0131 ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcne \u00fcye olma su\u00e7undan cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 talebiyle iddianame d\u00fczenlemi\u015ftir. \u0130ddianamede \u00f6zetle ba\u015fvurucunun; tan\u0131k ifadelerine g\u00f6re mahrem yap\u0131lanma i\u00e7inde g\u00f6rev yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131, sohbet toplant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 organize etti\u011fi, \u00f6rg\u00fcte m\u00fczahir oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esiyle kapat\u0131lan derneklerde kurucu ve y\u00f6netici olarak sorumluluk \u00fcstlendi\u011fi ve \u00f6rg\u00fcte finansal destek sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddia edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
4. \u0130ddianamenin kabul\u00fc ile a\u00e7\u0131lan dava, Adana 2. A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Mahkemesince (Mahkeme) g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yarg\u0131lama; ilk derece a\u015famas\u0131nda 26\/6\/2018 tarihli tefrik \u00f6ncesi be\u015f, tefrik sonras\u0131 sekiz olmak \u00fczere toplamda on \u00fc\u00e7 celsede bitirilmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fvurucunun yakaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 29\/5\/2019 tarihine kadar savunmas\u0131 al\u0131namam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
5. 6\/6\/2017 tarihinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen birinci celsede baz\u0131 tan\u0131klar dinlenmi\u015ftir. Bu tan\u0131klar, ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda da a\u00e7\u0131klamalarda bulunmu\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
i. Bu ba\u011flamda H.S.nin beyan\u0131n\u0131n ilgili k\u0131sm\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
“[H. ] K\u0131z \u00d6\u011frenci Yurdu denen yer 3 katl\u0131 bir binad\u0131r, ben oran\u0131n sorumlu m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc de\u011filim, sadece k\u0131zlar\u0131n eve giri\u015f \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f saatlerine temizli\u011fine, yeme i\u00e7melerine bak\u0131yordum, tabiri caizse onlara bek\u00e7ilik yap\u0131yordum… firari san\u0131k [\u0130.K.] [ba\u015fvurucu] benim bildi\u011fim kadar\u0131 ile k\u0131z yurdundan sorumlu olan ki\u015fi idi. Beni i\u015fe alan ki\u015fidir, kendisi bana [K.] yetim \u00f6ks\u00fcz ve ma\u011fdurlar ile yard\u0131mla\u015fma derne\u011finde sekreter pozisyonunun ka\u011f\u0131t \u00fczerinde bo\u015f oldu\u011funu, usulen bunu isteyip istemedi\u011fimi sordu, ben de orada \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m i\u00e7in ve d\u00fczg\u00fcn i\u015fler yapt\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in tamam dedim, daha sonra ba\u015fka sekreter buldular, beni \u00fcyeli\u011fe kayd\u0131rd\u0131lar, bu i\u015flemler tahminen 2016 y\u0131l\u0131 civar\u0131nda oldu… Firari san\u0131k [\u0130.K.] bana yurt i\u015flerini bylock \u00fczerinden konu\u015fal\u0131m dedi. Ben de o s\u0131rada google play’de olan bylock program\u0131n\u0131 telefonuma indirdim, ancak telefonumu kast\u0131, a\u00e7\u0131lmad\u0131, ben bunun programdan oldu\u011funu zannettim, ancak program \u015fifre istiyormu\u015f, ayn\u0131 ak\u015fam program\u0131 geri telefonumdan sildim, [\u0130.K.] ile konu\u015ftu\u011fumda program\u0131 indirdi\u011fimi s\u00f6yledim, telefonun kas\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, a\u00e7\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledim, o da bana ‘b\u0131rak kals\u0131n’ dedi. Biz [\u0130.K.] ile telefon \u00fczerinden konu\u015fuyorduk,… Benim \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m yurtta benden ba\u015fka hi\u00e7 bir sorumlu ki\u015fi yoktu, 10-12 ki\u015filik \u00f6\u011frencinin \u00fccretlerini ben topluyordum, toplanan paralarla al\u0131\u015f veri\u015f yap\u0131yordum, elektrik ve su paras\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6d\u00fcyordum, kiran\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6d\u00fcyordum, yetmezse [\u0130.K.] kira paras\u0131n\u0131 veriyordu.”<\/p>\n
ii. H.A.K.n\u0131n beyan\u0131n\u0131n ilgili k\u0131sm\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
“[B]en [H.] K\u0131z \u00d6\u011frenci Yurdu’nun m\u00fclk sahibiyim, asl\u0131nda buras\u0131 her ne kadar yurt diye ge\u00e7se de normalde kendim oturmak i\u00e7in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m evdir… ben kiram\u0131 alamay\u0131nca [\u0130.K.dan] kiram\u0131 istedim, o da bana Bank Asya’dan hesap a\u00e7mam gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. Tarif etti\u011fi yerdeki Bank Asya’y\u0131 buldum, hesap a\u00e7t\u0131m, birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn i\u00e7erisinde benim 3000 TL kira alaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131 hesab\u0131ma yat\u0131rd\u0131”<\/p>\n
iii. A.\u00c7.nin beyan\u0131n\u0131n ilgili k\u0131sm\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
“[K. ] Yetim, \u00d6ks\u00fcz ve Ma\u011fdurlar \u0130le Yard\u0131mla\u015fma Derne\u011fi’ne [\u0130.K.n\u0131n] talebi \u00fczerine \u00fcye oldum, kendisi bana bu dernekte \u00fcye eksikli\u011finin oldu\u011funu, fakir \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fc al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klardan korumak ve okutmak amac\u0131 ile kuruldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi, ben de bu ama\u00e7la derne\u011fe \u00fcye oldum, ben hi\u00e7 bir y\u00f6netim kurulu veya genel kurul toplant\u0131s\u0131na kat\u0131lmad\u0131m, hatta derne\u011fin toplanamamaktan dolay\u0131 ceza ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da duydum”<\/p>\n
iv. F.K.n\u0131n beyan\u0131n\u0131n ilgili k\u0131sm\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
“[K. ] Yetim, \u00d6ks\u00fcz ve Ma\u011fdurlar \u0130le Yard\u0131mla\u015fma Derne\u011fi’ne [\u0130.K.] ve [Y.\u00d6.n\u00fcn] talebi \u00fczerine bu derne\u011fe \u00fcye oldum, bu derne\u011fin kimsesiz \u00e7ocuklara yard\u0131m etti\u011fini onlar\u0131 okutmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylediler, derne\u011fin hi\u00e7 toplant\u0131lar\u0131na veya y\u00f6netim kurulu toplant\u0131s\u0131na kat\u0131lmad\u0131m, hi\u00e7 aidat da vermedim, huzurda bulunan san\u0131k [S.B.] tan\u0131m\u0131yorum. Evimde yap\u0131lan aramada bulunan kutu i\u00e7erisindeki CD’ler bana ait de\u011fildir. [Y.\u00d6.] bana kutu i\u00e7erisinde bu materyalleri getirdi, [\u0130.K.] gelip bunlar\u0131 senden alacak dedi. Ben de i\u015f yerimdeydim, acelem oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in bakmad\u0131m, bu kutu aramadan yakla\u015f\u0131k bir sene \u00f6nce d\u00fckkana konmu\u015ftu, hi\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131p bakmad\u0131m, her iki san\u0131\u011f\u0131n da \u015fu anda nerede olduklar\u0131n\u0131 bilmiyorum”<\/p>\n
v. \u0130.\u00c7.nin beyan\u0131n\u0131n ilgili k\u0131sm\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
“Ben dernek \u00fcyesi oldu\u011fumu emniyetteki ifadem s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00f6\u011frendim, bana [K.] Yetim, \u00d6ks\u00fcz ve Ma\u011fdurlar \u0130le Yard\u0131mla\u015fma Derne\u011fi’nin hazurun cetvelini getirdiler, orada ismimi g\u00f6rd\u00fcm, kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131 bo\u015ftu, ben b\u00f6yle bir yere imza atmad\u0131m, [\u0130.K.], Karaisal\u0131’da kendisini erkek yurdu m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc olarak tan\u0131tt\u0131, ben yurdun kapanmas\u0131ndan sonra birka\u00e7 e\u015fya sat\u0131n alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131m, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 20 TL verdim”<\/p>\n
6. Sonraki s\u00fcre\u00e7te ayn\u0131 davada yarg\u0131lanan di\u011fer san\u0131klar hakk\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok celse yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 26\/9\/2017 ile 26\/6\/2018 tarihli celseler aras\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucunun savunmas\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131namamas\u0131 ve di\u011fer san\u0131klar hakk\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen muhakemenin s\u00fcr\u00fcncemede kalmamas\u0131 ad\u0131na dosyan\u0131n tefrik edilmesine dair ara karar verildi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu kapsamda 5\/2\/2019 tarihli yedinci (tefrik sonras\u0131 ikinci) celsede tan\u0131k olarak dinlenen H.D. \u00f6zetle “Ben etkin pi\u015fmanl\u0131k kapsam\u0131nda Adana KOM \u015eube M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc’nde ifade verdim, ben Adana 12. A\u011eCM’de yarg\u0131land\u0131m, etkin pi\u015fmanl\u0131ktan yararland\u0131m, 2 y\u0131l ceza ald\u0131m, ben \u00f6\u011frenciyim, \u00f6\u011frencilere program yapacak bir ev laz\u0131md\u0131, beni [C.Y.] y\u00f6nlendirdi, [\u0130.K.n\u0131n] evinde \u00f6\u011frencilere bir ka\u00e7 kez manevi program yapt\u0131m” \u015feklinde beyanda bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
7. 29\/5\/2019 tarihinde yakalanan, Ses ve G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc Bili\u015fim Sistemi (SEGB\u0130S) \u00fczerinden N\u00f6bet\u00e7i A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Mahkemesi taraf\u0131ndan al\u0131nan ilk savunmas\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucu, di\u011fer hususlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra hakk\u0131ndaki yakalama emrinden haberdar olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
8. 3\/9\/2020 tarihli on \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc (tefrik sonras\u0131 sekizinci) karar duru\u015fmas\u0131na SEGB\u0130S \u00fczerinden kat\u0131lan ba\u015fvurucu esas hakk\u0131nda m\u00fctalaaya kar\u015f\u0131 beyan\u0131nda \u00f6nceki savunmas\u0131n\u0131 tekrarlayarak isnat edilen su\u00e7u ink\u00e2r etmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fvurucu yukar\u0131da yer verilen di\u011fer hususlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra yakalanarak tutukland\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihe kadar hakk\u0131ndaki dava ile ilgili kendisine herhangi bir tebli\u011f yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, yakalama karar\u0131ndan haberdar olsayd\u0131 duru\u015fmalara kat\u0131l\u0131m g\u00f6sterece\u011fini belirtmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
9. Mahkeme; ba\u015fvurucunun Bank Asyada mutat olmayan hesap hareketleri oldu\u011funa, \u00f6rg\u00fct ile ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esiyle kapat\u0131lan derneklerde kurucu ve y\u00f6netici olarak g\u00f6rev ald\u0131\u011f\u0131na, sohbet toplant\u0131s\u0131 ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda \u00f6rg\u00fct \u00fcyelerinin bir araya getirilmesinde aktif rol \u00fcstlendi\u011fine, \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131nda m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fck yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve aleyhine olan tan\u0131k ifadelerine (bkz. \u00a7\u00a7 5, 6) istinaden 9 y\u0131l hapis cezas\u0131 ile mahk\u00fbmiyetine karar vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
10. Ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131ndaki gerek\u00e7eli karar\u0131n ilgili k\u0131sm\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
“[S.B.]. [H.A.K.], [A.\u00c7.], [F.K.], [\u0130.\u00c7.nin] beyanlar\u0131, tan\u0131k [H.B.] ve [A.B.nin] ifadeleri, ek deliller [V.B.\u00d6.], [H.B.nin] tespitleri, Adana ili Karaisal\u0131 il\u00e7esindeki k\u0131z ve erkek yurtlar\u0131ndaki arama kay\u0131tlar\u0131, [K.] Yetim, \u00d6ks\u00fcz ve Ma\u011fdurlar ile yard\u0131mla\u015fma derne\u011fi kay\u0131tlar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, san\u0131k [\u0130.K.] FET\u00d6\/PDY silahl\u0131 ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc i\u00e7erisinde \u00f6rg\u00fct hiyerar\u015fisine ba\u011fl\u0131 kalarak faaliyet y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn diri tutulmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla sosyal g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcml\u00fc faaliyetler alt\u0131nda [K.] Yetim, \u00d6ks\u00fcz ve Ma\u011fdurlar ile Yard\u0131mla\u015fma Derne\u011fini kurdu\u011fu, bu ama\u00e7la di\u011fer ki\u015fileri bu derne\u011fe \u00fcye olmaya zorlad\u0131\u011f\u0131, [H.] \u00d6zel K\u0131z \u00d6\u011frenci Yurdu ve [U.] Erkek \u00d6\u011frenci Yurdunun y\u00f6neticili\u011fini yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu yurtlarda \u00f6rg\u00fct ad\u0131na faaliyetine g\u00f6rev yapacak \u00f6\u011frenciler yeti\u015ftirdi\u011fi, \u00f6rg\u00fct ad\u0131na sohbet faaliyeti bi\u00e7iminde toplant\u0131lar d\u00fczenledi\u011fi, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n kay\u0131tl\u0131 oldu\u011fu derne\u011fin 679 say\u0131l\u0131 KHK ile yasa d\u0131\u015f\u0131 faaliyet g\u00f6stermesi sebebiyle kapat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn nihai amac\u0131n\u0131 bildi\u011fi, organik ba\u011f kurdu\u011fu, emir ve talimat almaya haz\u0131r oldu\u011fu, eylemlerinin \u00e7e\u015fitlilik, yo\u011funluluk ve s\u00fcreklilik g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n aksine geli\u015ftirmi\u015f oldu\u011fu savunmalara mahkememizce itibar edilmemi\u015f, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fctteki konumu, faaliyetleri dikkate al\u0131narak takdiren alt s\u0131n\u0131rdan uzakla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n uzun s\u00fcredir ka\u00e7ak olmas\u0131 yarg\u0131lamay\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcncemede b\u0131rakmas\u0131 gayretleri dikkate al\u0131narak…”<\/p>\n
11. Ba\u015fvurucunun istinaf talebi \u00fczerine inceleme yapan Adana B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesi 2. Ceza Dairesi, istinaf talebinin esastan reddine karar vermi\u015ftir. Karar\u0131n ilgili k\u0131sm\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
“Toplanan deliller karar yerinde incelenip san\u0131\u011f\u0131n su\u00e7unun s\u00fcbutunun kabul\u00fcnde, olu\u015fa ve soru\u015fturma sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na uygun \u015fekilde su\u00e7 vasf\u0131n\u0131n tayininde, cezan\u0131n belirlenmesinde, cezay\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 ve azalt\u0131c\u0131 sebeplerin nitelik ve derecesinin takdirinde, savunmas\u0131n\u0131n inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 gerek\u00e7elerle reddedilmesinde ve incelenen dosyaya g\u00f6re verilen h\u00fck\u00fcmde bir isabetsizlik bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan…<\/p>\n
…<\/p>\n
San\u0131k hakk\u0131ndaki Bank Asya kay\u0131tlar\u0131na, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fcte m\u00fczahir dernekte kurucu y\u00f6neticilik yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve \u00f6rg\u00fcte m\u00fczahir \u00f6\u011frenci yurdunda y\u00f6neticilik yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair kay\u0131tlara, tan\u0131klar … beyanlar\u0131na…”<\/p>\n
12. Ba\u015fvurucunun temyiz talebinin de reddedilmesiyle h\u00fck\u00fcm kesinle\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
13. Ba\u015fvurucu, nihai h\u00fckm\u00fc 16\/11\/2021 tarihinde \u00f6\u011frendikten sonra 14\/12\/2021 tarihinde bireysel ba\u015fvuruda bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
14. Komisyon; tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki \u015fik\u00e2yetlerin kabul edilemez oldu\u011funa, an\u0131lan hakka ili\u015fkin \u015fik\u00e2yetlerin kabul edilebilirlik incelemesinin B\u00f6l\u00fcm taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lmas\u0131na ve adli yard\u0131m talebinin kabul\u00fcne karar vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
II. DE\u011eERLEND\u0130RME<\/p>\n
15. Ba\u015fvurucu; mahk\u00fbmiyet karar\u0131nda beyan\u0131na yer verilen bir k\u0131s\u0131m tan\u0131klar\u0131n kendisinin yoklu\u011funda dinlendi\u011fini, di\u011fer k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n ise soru\u015fturma s\u00fcrecindeki beyanlar\u0131na dayan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bu tan\u0131klar\u0131n huzurda dinlenilmesi i\u00e7in Mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan herhangi bir giri\u015fimde bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, her iki durum nedeniyle kendisine tan\u0131klara soru sorma imk\u00e2n\u0131 tan\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bu suretle adil yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
16 Ba\u015fvurucunun iddialar\u0131 adil yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131ndaki tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden incelenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
17. A\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a dayanaktan yoksun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kabul edilemezli\u011fine karar verilmesini gerektirecek ba\u015fka bir neden de bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lan ba\u015fvurunun kabul edilebilir oldu\u011funa karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
18. Anayasa Mahkemesi, bir\u00e7ok karar\u0131nda tan\u0131k kavram\u0131n\u0131 san\u0131\u011fa isnat edilen fiil hakk\u0131nda bilgi veren herhangi bir ki\u015fi \u015feklinde \u00f6zerk olarak yorumlam\u0131\u015f ve tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131 ile ilgili ilkeleri belirlemi\u015ftir (Atila O\u011fuz Boyal\u0131, B. No: 2013\/99, 20\/3\/2014; Sel\u00e7uk Demir, B. No: 2014\/9783, 22\/1\/2015; AZ. M., B. No: 2013\/560, 16\/4\/2015; Baran Karada\u011f, B. No: 2014\/12906, 7\/5\/2015; Orhan G\u00fclery\u00fcz, B. No: 2019\/30221, 28\/12\/2021). Buna g\u00f6re bir ceza yarg\u0131lamas\u0131nda san\u0131\u011f\u0131n aleyhine olan tan\u0131klar\u0131 sorguya \u00e7ekme veya \u00e7ektirme hakk\u0131 vard\u0131r. Hakk\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen ceza yarg\u0131lamas\u0131 s\u00fcrecinde san\u0131\u011f\u0131n tan\u0131klara soru y\u00f6neltebilmesi, onlarla y\u00fczle\u015febilmesi ve tan\u0131klar\u0131n beyanlar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011frulu\u011funu s\u0131nama imk\u00e2n\u0131na sahip olmas\u0131 adil bir yarg\u0131laman\u0131n yap\u0131labilmesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan gereklidir (AZ. M., \u00a7 55). Di\u011fer yandan bir mahk\u00fbmiyet tek veya belirleyici \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde san\u0131\u011f\u0131n soru\u015fturma veya yarg\u0131lama a\u015famas\u0131nda sorgulama veya sorgulatma imk\u00e2n\u0131 bulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir kimse taraf\u0131ndan verilen ifadelere dayand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve dengeleyici g\u00fcvenceler sa\u011flayan bir usul \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f ise san\u0131\u011f\u0131n haklar\u0131 Anayasa’n\u0131n 36. maddesindeki g\u00fcvencelerle ba\u011fda\u015fmayacak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde k\u0131s\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f olur (Orhan G\u00fclery\u00fcz, \u00a7 35).<\/p>\n
19. Anayasa Mahkemesi, tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131yla ilgili olarak verdi\u011fi kararlar\u0131nda somut bir yarg\u0131lama \u00f6ncesinde veya haricinde elde edilen tan\u0131k beyanlar\u0131n\u0131n delil olarak kabul\u00fcn\u00fcn yarg\u0131laman\u0131n adilli\u011fine zarar verip vermedi\u011fini de\u011ferlendirmek i\u00e7in \u00fc\u00e7 a\u015famal\u0131 bir test uygulanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini ifade etmi\u015ftir. Buna g\u00f6re ilk olarak tan\u0131\u011f\u0131n mahkemede haz\u0131r edilmemesi ge\u00e7erli bir nedenin mevcudiyetine dayanmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130kinci olarak san\u0131\u011f\u0131n sorgulama veya sorgulatma imk\u00e2n\u0131 bulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan verilen beyan\u0131n mahk\u00fbmiyetin dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 tek veya belirleyici delil olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilmelidir. Sorgulama\/sorgulatma imk\u00e2n\u0131 tan\u0131nmayan tan\u0131\u011f\u0131n beyan\u0131n\u0131n tek veya belirleyici delil oldu\u011funun tespit edilmesi durumunda ise \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc a\u015fama olarak savunma taraf\u0131n\u0131n maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu olumsuzlu\u011fun telafi edilmesi amac\u0131yla yeterli d\u00fczeyde kar\u015f\u0131 dengeleyici g\u00fcvenceler sa\u011flayan bir usul\u00fcn y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcp y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmedi\u011fi ortaya konulmal\u0131d\u0131r (baz\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fikliklerle birlikte bkz. Abdurrahim Balur, B. No: 2013\/5467, 7\/1\/2016, \u00a7 80; Onur Urbay, B. No: 2014\/6222, 6\/3\/2019, \u00a7\u00a7 36, 40; Zekeriya Sevim, B. No: 2018\/18989, 16\/6\/2021, \u00a7\u00a7 44, 51). Bu kapsamda, h\u00fckme ula\u015f\u0131l\u0131rken sorgulanmam\u0131\u015f tan\u0131\u011f\u0131n beyan\u0131n\u0131 destekleyen ba\u015fka do\u011frulay\u0131c\u0131 delillere dayan\u0131lmas\u0131 telafi edici g\u00fcvencelerden biri olarak kabul edilebilir (Orhan G\u00fclery\u00fcz, \u00a7 39). Sorgulanmayan tan\u0131\u011f\u0131n beyan\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenilirli\u011finin ve do\u011frulu\u011funun saptanmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla savunma taraf\u0131na sa\u011flanabilecek bir di\u011fer telafi edici g\u00fcvence ise san\u0131\u011fa olay\u0131n kendi versiyonunu anlatma ve delillerini sunma imk\u00e2n\u0131 tan\u0131nmas\u0131d\u0131r (Orhan G\u00fclery\u00fcz, \u00a7 40).<\/p>\n
20. Ba\u015fvuru konusu olayda incelenmesi gereken ilk sorun, beyan\u0131 delil olarak kabul edilen tan\u0131klar\u0131n ba\u015fvurucu ve m\u00fcdafiinin yoklu\u011funda duru\u015fmada dinlenmesinin ge\u00e7erli bir nedene dayan\u0131p dayanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Tan\u0131klar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda yakalama karar\u0131 bulundu\u011fu d\u00f6nemde Mahkemede dinlendi\u011fi, bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n ise (bkz. \u00a7 8) soru\u015fturmadaki beyanlar\u0131 ile yetinildi\u011fi ve huzurda dinlenmeleri i\u00e7in herhangi bir giri\u015fimde bulunulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015fvurucunun yakalanmas\u0131ndan sonra dosyada tan\u0131klar\u0131n neden duru\u015fmada ya da SEGB\u0130S arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile tekrar dinlenmedi\u011fine ve yine soru\u015fturma evresindeki beyanlar\u0131 ile yetinilen tan\u0131klar\u0131n neden huzurda dinlenmeleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnde bir \u00e7aba g\u00f6sterilmedi\u011fine ili\u015fkin Mahkemece bir a\u00e7\u0131klamaya yer verilmemi\u015ftir. Di\u011fer bir ifadeyle tan\u0131klar\u0131n savunman\u0131n da haz\u0131r bulundu\u011fu bir celsede dinlenmemesine ili\u015fkin olarak herhangi bir ge\u00e7erli neden ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. Ancak buna ili\u015fkin bir neden ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclmemesi, tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011finin kabul edilmesi i\u00e7in yeterli de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n
21. \u0130kinci olarak h\u00fckm\u00fcn tek veya belirleyici \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ba\u015fvurucunun sorgulama ve sorgulatma imk\u00e2n\u0131na sahip olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131klar taraf\u0131ndan verilen ifadelere dayal\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Somut olayda Mahkeme, tan\u0131k beyanlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, \u00f6rg\u00fctle m\u00fczahir oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esiyle kapat\u0131lan derneklerde kurucu ve y\u00f6netici olarak g\u00f6rev ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00f6rg\u00fcte ait e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131nda m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fck yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Bank Asyadaki mutat olmayan hesap hareketlerini de\u011ferlendirmek suretiyle isnat edilen su\u00e7un olu\u015ftu\u011fu sonucuna ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (bkz. \u00a7\u00a7 9-11).<\/p>\n
22. Yarg\u0131tay uygulamas\u0131na g\u00f6re ki\u015filerin Bank Asya nezdindeki mutat bankac\u0131l\u0131k i\u015flemleri \u00f6rg\u00fctsel faaliyet veya \u00f6rg\u00fcte yard\u0131m olarak kabul edilmemektedir [bir\u00e7ok karar aras\u0131ndan bkz. (kapat\u0131lan) Yarg\u0131tay 16. Ceza Dairesinin 5\/3\/2019 tarihli ve E.2018\/6408, K.2019\/1447; 2\/3\/2021 tarihli ve E.2019\/5505, K.2021\/1793 say\u0131l\u0131 kararlar\u0131]. Bununla birlikte bu ki\u015filerin \u00f6rg\u00fct liderinin talimat\u0131 \u00fczerine \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn amac\u0131na hizmet eden ve Bankan\u0131n yarar\u0131na yap\u0131lan \u00f6deme ve sair i\u015flemlerin \u00f6rg\u00fcte \u00fcye olma su\u00e7u bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6rg\u00fctsel faaliyet, tek ba\u015f\u0131na ise \u00f6rg\u00fcte yard\u0131m etmek olarak kabul edilebilece\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r [(kapat\u0131lan) Yarg\u0131tay 16. Ceza Dairesinin 15\/1\/2019 tarihli ve E.2018\/4959, K.2019\/145 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131].<\/p>\n
23. Yarg\u0131tay\u0131n; somut olay\u0131n ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n konumu ve ki\u015fisel \u00f6zelliklerini de g\u00f6zeterek ki\u015filerin Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Kurumu kay\u0131tlar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00f6rg\u00fcte m\u00fczahir kurum veya kurulu\u015flarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fctsel bir faaliyet olarak kabul edilemeyece\u011fini belirtti\u011fi kararlar bulunmaktad\u0131r [bir\u00e7ok karar aras\u0131ndan bkz. (kapat\u0131lan) Yarg\u0131tay 16. Ceza Dairesinin E.2019\/5505, K.2021\/1793, 2\/3\/2021; Yarg\u0131tay 3. Ceza Dairesinin E.2021\/14774, K.2022\/6617, 20\/10\/2022 say\u0131l\u0131 kararlar\u0131).<\/p>\n
24. Yarg\u0131tay; san\u0131klar\u0131n FET\u00d6\/PDY ile irtibatl\u0131 ve iltisakl\u0131 dernek, sendika ve di\u011fer sivil toplum \u00f6rg\u00fctlerine \u00fcyeliklerini; \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn nihai amac\u0131n\u0131 bildi\u011fini, \u00f6rg\u00fctle organik bir ba\u011f kurarak hiyerar\u015fisine d\u00e2hil oldu\u011funu tek ba\u015f\u0131na g\u00f6stermedi\u011fini kabul etmi\u015ftir (di\u011ferleri aras\u0131ndan bkz. Yarg\u0131tay 16. Ceza Dairesinin 20\/4\/2021 tarihli ve E.2020\/5713, K.2021\/2837; 22\/3\/2021 tarihli ve E.2020\/1864, K.2021\/2227; 9\/10\/2019 tarihli ve E.2019\/1326, K.2019\/5918; 19\/10\/2020 tarihli ve E.2019\/5604, K.2020\/5065 say\u0131l\u0131 kararlar\u0131). Yarg\u0131tay san\u0131klar\u0131n sadece FET\u00d6 ile irtibatl\u0131 ve iltisakl\u0131 derneklerde \u00fcyelik kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n bulunmas\u0131n\u0131n silahl\u0131 ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcne yard\u0131m su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturmayaca\u011f\u0131na (Yarg\u0131tay 16. Ceza Dairesinin 7\/4\/2021 tarihli ve E.2020\/6785, K.2021\/2588 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131), sendika ve dernek \u00fcyeli\u011fine dair eylemlerinin sempati ve iltisak boyutunu a\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve \u00f6rg\u00fct hiyerar\u015fisine d\u00e2hil oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermedi\u011fine (Yarg\u0131tay 16. Ceza Dairesinin 17\/6\/2021 tarihli ve E.2019\/9574, K.2021\/4104; 17\/3\/2021 tarihli ve E.2019\/8868, K.2021\/2169 say\u0131l\u0131 kararlar\u0131) ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcne m\u00fczahir derne\u011fin organlar\u0131nda yer almalar\u0131n\u0131n tek ba\u015f\u0131na \u00f6rg\u00fct hiyerar\u015fisine d\u00e2hil oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermedi\u011fine (Yarg\u0131tay 16. Ceza Dairesinin 16\/3\/2021 tarihli ve E.2020\/5437, K.2021\/2637 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131) karar vermi\u015ftir. Bununla birlikte Yarg\u0131tay uygulamas\u0131na g\u00f6re ki\u015filerin \u00f6rg\u00fcte ba\u011fl\u0131 dernek ve sendika \u00fcyesi olma \u015feklindeki eylemlerinin sempati ve iltisak boyutunu a\u015fan, \u00f6rg\u00fcte yard\u0131m etme kast\u0131yla hareket edildi\u011fini ispat eden faaliyetler kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilmedi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr (bir\u00e7ok karar aras\u0131ndan bkz. Yarg\u0131tay 3. Ceza Dairesinin 30\/6\/2022 tarihli ve E.2021\/13507, K.2022\/4206 say\u0131l\u0131, 29\/9\/2022 tarihli ve E.2021\/21414, K.2022\/5210 say\u0131l\u0131 kararlar\u0131).<\/p>\n
25. Yarg\u0131tay\u0131n tan\u0131k ifadeleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki delillerle ilgili yukar\u0131da belirtilen uygulamalar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, tan\u0131klar\u0131n beyanlar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fvurucunun silahl\u0131 ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc \u00fcyesi oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki kanaatin olu\u015fmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kta bir delil olarak dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna ula\u015fmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Di\u011fer bir ifadeyle sorgulama imk\u00e2n\u0131 tan\u0131nmayan tan\u0131klar\u0131n ifadelerinin mahk\u00fbmiyet karar\u0131na g\u00f6t\u00fcren tek olmasa da belirleyici nitelikte delil oldu\u011funun kabul edilmesi gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n
26. Yarg\u0131lama s\u00fcrecinde ba\u015fvurucuya olaylar\u0131 kendi bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re anlatma ve delillerini sunma imk\u00e2n\u0131 tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dosyada tan\u0131k beyanlar\u0131n\u0131 destekleyen ba\u015fka deliller de bulunmaktad\u0131r. Ancak Mahkemenin yarg\u0131 \u00e7evresi d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki tan\u0131klar\u0131 ba\u015fvurucunun da ona soru sormas\u0131na imk\u00e2n sa\u011flayacak \u015fekilde SEGB\u0130S gibi vas\u0131talarla neden dinlemedi\u011fine ili\u015fkin bir bilgi ve belgeye ula\u015f\u0131lamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015fvurucu, tan\u0131klar\u0131n beyanlar\u0131n\u0131n tespiti s\u0131ras\u0131nda haz\u0131r bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131rada verilen cevaplar hakk\u0131nda ki\u015fisel izlenim edinme f\u0131rsat\u0131 elde edememi\u015ftir. Bu y\u00fczden tan\u0131\u011f\u0131n tepkileri konusunda Mahkemenin dikkatini \u00e7ekememi\u015f, b\u00f6ylelikle tan\u0131\u011f\u0131n beyanlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fi test edilememi\u015ftir. Mahkeme de tan\u0131k beyanda bulunurken g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi tepkilerle ilgili olarak izlenim edinememi\u015ftir. \u00d6te yandan h\u00fckme ula\u015f\u0131l\u0131rken sorgulanmam\u0131\u015f tan\u0131k beyan\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ba\u015fka delillere de dayan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n beyanlar\u0131 belirleyici \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde mahk\u00fbmiyete temel al\u0131nan tan\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorgulama imk\u00e2n\u0131 tan\u0131nmamas\u0131 nedeniyle savunma makam\u0131n\u0131n maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlamay\u0131 telafi etti\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek de m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6z\u00fckmemektedir. Sonu\u00e7 olarak g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fi ve do\u011frulu\u011fu test edilmemi\u015f tan\u0131k beyanlar\u0131 belirleyici \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde h\u00fckme esas al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u00e2lde savunman\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 zorluklar\u0131 telafi edecek kar\u015f\u0131 dengeleyici g\u00fcvencelerin sa\u011flanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamda tan\u0131\u011f\u0131n duru\u015fmada veya SEGB\u0130S yoluyla dinlenmemesinin bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak yarg\u0131laman\u0131n hakkaniyetini zedeledi\u011fi sonucuna ula\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
27. A\u00e7\u0131klanan gerek\u00e7elerle Anayasa’n\u0131n 36. maddesinde g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan adil yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131ndaki tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
Y\u0131ld\u0131z SEFER\u0130NO\u011eLU bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe kat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
III. G\u0130DER\u0130M<\/p>\n
28. Ba\u015fvurucu; ihlal tespiti ile yeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131, maddi ve manevi tazminata h\u00fckmedilmesini talep etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
29. Ba\u015fvuruda tespit edilen hak ihlalinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lmas\u0131nda hukuki yarar bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu kapsamda karar\u0131n g\u00f6nderildi\u011fi yarg\u0131 mercilerince yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken i\u015f, yeniden yarg\u0131lama i\u015flemlerini ba\u015flatmak ve Anayasa Mahkemesini ihlal sonucuna ula\u015ft\u0131ran nedenleri gideren, ihlal karar\u0131nda belirtilen ilkelere uygun yeni bir karar vermektir (bkz. Mehmet Do\u011fan [GK], B. No: 2014\/8875, 7\/6\/2018, \u00a7\u00a7 54-60; Alig\u00fcl Alkaya ve di\u011ferleri (2), B. No: 2016\/12506, 7\/11\/2019, \u00a7\u00a7 53-60, 66; Kadri Enis Berbero\u011flu (3) [GK], B. No: 2020\/32949, 21\/1\/2021, \u00a7\u00a7 93-100).<\/p>\n
30. Ba\u015fvurucu maddi zarara ili\u015fkin olarak bilgi\/belge sunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan maddi tazminat talebinin, ihlalin ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n yeterli bir giderim sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan da manevi tazminat talebinin reddine karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
IV. H\u00dcK\u00dcM<\/p>\n
A\u00e7\u0131klanan gerek\u00e7elerle;<\/p>\n
A. Kamuya a\u00e7\u0131k belgelerde ba\u015fvurucunun kimli\u011finin gizli tutulmas\u0131 talebinin KABUL\u00dcNE,<\/p>\n
B. Tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine ili\u015fkin iddian\u0131n KABUL ED\u0130LEB\u0130L\u0130R OLDU\u011eUNA OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE,<\/p>\n
C. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 36. maddesinde g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan adil yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131ndaki tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131n\u0131n \u0130HLAL ED\u0130LD\u0130\u011e\u0130NE Y\u0131ld\u0131z SEFER\u0130NO\u011eLU’nun kar\u015f\u0131 oyu ve OY\u00c7OKLU\u011eUYLA,<\/p>\n
D. Karar\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011finin tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlalinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lmak \u00fczere Adana 2. A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Mahkemesine (E.2018\/225, K.2020\/148) G\u00d6NDER\u0130LMES\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
E. Ba\u015fvurucunun tazminat taleplerinin REDD\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
F. 18.800 TL vek\u00e2let \u00fccretinden olu\u015fan yarg\u0131lama giderinin ba\u015fvurucuya \u00d6DENMES\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
G. \u00d6demenin karar\u0131n tebli\u011fini takiben ba\u015fvurucunun Hazine ve Maliye Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u015fvuru tarihinden itibaren d\u00f6rt ay i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lmas\u0131na, \u00f6demede gecikme olmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde bu s\u00fcrenin sona erdi\u011fi tarihten \u00f6deme tarihine kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre i\u00e7in yasal FA\u0130Z UYGULANMASINA,<\/p>\n
H. Karar\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011finin Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na G\u00d6NDER\u0130LMES\u0130NE 2\/10\/2024 tarihinde karar verildi.<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
KAR\u015eIOY<\/p>\n
1. \u00c7o\u011funlu\u011fun “Tan\u0131k beyanlar\u0131 belirleyici \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde h\u00fckme esas al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u00e2lde savunman\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 zorluklar\u0131 telafi edecek kar\u015f\u0131 dengeleyici g\u00fcvencelerin sa\u011flanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu ba\u011flamda tan\u0131\u011f\u0131n duru\u015fmada veya SEGB\u0130S yoluyla dinlenmemesinin bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak yarg\u0131laman\u0131n hakkaniyetini zedeledi\u011fi, bu gerek\u00e7elerle Anayasa’n\u0131n 36. maddesinde g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan adil yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131ndaki tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine” dair karar\u0131na i\u015ftirak etmemekteyim. \u015e\u00f6yle ki;<\/p>\n
2. Ba\u015fvurucunun da aras\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu derece mahkemesindeki yarg\u0131lama tefrik \u00f6ncesi be\u015f, tefrik sonras\u0131 sekiz olmak \u00fczere toplamda on \u00fc\u00e7 celsede tamamlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
3. Ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda 8.8.2016 tarihinde yakalama karar\u0131 verilmi\u015f, yakla\u015f\u0131k \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l sonra 29.5.2019 tarihinde yakalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
4. Ba\u015fvurucunun yakalanmas\u0131ndan sonra iki celse yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve Mahkeme “Ba\u015fvurucunun Bank Asyada mutad olmayan hesap hareketleri oldu\u011funa, \u00f6rg\u00fct ile ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esi ile kapat\u0131lan derneklerde kurucu ve y\u00f6netici olarak g\u00f6rev ald\u0131\u011f\u0131na, sohbet toplant\u0131s\u0131 ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda \u00f6rg\u00fct \u00fcyelerinin bir araya getirilmesinde aktif rol \u00fcstlendi\u011fine, \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131nda m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fck yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve aleyhine olan tan\u0131k ifadelerine istinaden mahk\u00fbmiyetine” karar vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
5. G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere Mahkeme, tan\u0131k beyanlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, \u00f6rg\u00fctle m\u00fczahir oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esi ile kapat\u0131lan derneklerde kurucu ve y\u00f6netici olarak g\u00f6rev ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00f6rg\u00fcte ait e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131nda m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fck yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Bank Asyadaki mutad olmayan hesap hareketlerini de\u011ferlendirmek suretiyle isnat edilen su\u00e7un olu\u015ftu\u011fu sonucuna ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
6. Mahkemenin, mahk\u00fbmiyet h\u00fckm\u00fcne gerek\u00e7e g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi herbir husus tek ba\u015f\u0131na \u00f6rg\u00fctle organik ba\u011f i\u00e7in yeterli olmasa da tamam\u0131n\u0131 birlikte de\u011ferlendirdi\u011fi ve buna h\u00fck\u00fcm kurdu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
7. Kald\u0131 ki Ba\u015fvurucu ilk derece yarg\u0131lamas\u0131nda yarg\u0131lamay\u0131 yapan mahkeme huzurunda tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131n\u0131 kullanma y\u00f6n\u00fcnde bir talepte bulunmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130mkanlar\u0131 varken zaman\u0131nda tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131n\u0131 yarg\u0131lamay\u0131 yapan mahkeme huzurunda dile getirmeyen Ba\u015fvurucu ve m\u00fcdafiinin bu tav\u0131rlar\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu haktan z\u0131mnen feragat anlam\u0131na gelmektedir.<\/p>\n
8. Gerek A\u0130HM, gerekse AYM bir\u00e7ok karar\u0131nda adil yarg\u0131lanma g\u00fcvencelerinden a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde feragat edilebilece\u011fi gibi \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc \u015fekilde feragat edilmesinin de m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funa i\u015faret etmi\u015flerdir. Yarg\u0131lama s\u0131ras\u0131nda, istinabe yoluyla dinlenen tan\u0131klar\u0131n huzurda da beyan vermelerini ve tan\u0131klar\u0131 sorgulama hakk\u0131n\u0131 kullanmay\u0131 istememesinin Ba\u015fvurucunun tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131ndan feragat etti\u011fi anlam\u0131na da gelmesi s\u00f6z konusu olabilecektir. Bu hususu de\u011ferlendirecek olan da t\u00fcm tan\u0131k ve delilleri y\u00fcz y\u00fcze ilkesi gere\u011fince dinleyen ve yarg\u0131lamay\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcten derece mahkemesidir.<\/p>\n
9. A\u00e7\u0131klanan bu gerek\u00e7elerle \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fun g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne i\u015ftirak etmemekteyim.<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
\u00a0Y\u0131ld\u0131z SEFER\u0130NO\u011eLU<\/p>\n
\u200bAnayasa Mahkemesi’nin 2\/10\/2024 tarihli ve 2021\/59751 ba\u015fvuru numaral\u0131 karar\u0131\u00a0Hukuki Haber<\/p>\n
Haberin Al\u0131nt\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kaynak: www.hukukihaber.net<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u00dcRK\u0130YE CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130 ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0130K\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM \u00a0 KARAR \u00a0 \u0130.K. BA\u015eVURUSU (Ba\u015fvuru Numaras\u0131: 2021\/59751) \u00a0 Karar Tarihi: 2\/10\/2024 \u0130K\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM \u00a0 KARAR \u00a0 G\u0130ZL\u0130L\u0130K TALEB\u0130 KABUL \u00a0 Ba\u015fkan : Basri BA\u011eCI \u00dcyeler : Engin YILDIRIM \u00a0 \u00a0 R\u0131dvan G\u00dcLE\u00c7 \u00a0 \u00a0 Y\u0131ld\u0131z SEFER\u0130NO\u011eLU \u00a0 \u00a0 Kenan YA\u015eAR Raport\u00f6r : Burak G\u00dcNG\u00d6R Ba\u015fvurucu : \u0130.K. Vekili : Av. Burcu HAS \u00a0 I. BA\u015eVURUNUN \u00d6ZET\u0130 1. Ba\u015fvuru, beyanlar\u0131 belirleyici \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde h\u00fckme esas al\u0131nan tan\u0131klar\u0131n san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan duru\u015fmada sorgulanmas\u0131na imk\u00e2n verilmemesi nedeniyle tan\u0131k sorgulama hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fi iddias\u0131na ili\u015fkindir. 2. Adana Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131k) Fetullah\u00e7\u0131 Ter\u00f6r \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\/Paralel Devlet Yap\u0131lanmas\u0131 (FET\u00d6\/PDY) \u00fcyesi oldu\u011fu \u015f\u00fcphesiyle ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda soru\u015fturma ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda soru\u015fturma s\u00fcrecinde 8\/8\/2016 tarihinde yakalama karar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 3. Soru\u015fturma neticesinde Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131k, ba\u015fvurucunun silahl\u0131 ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcne \u00fcye olma su\u00e7undan cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 talebiyle iddianame d\u00fczenlemi\u015ftir. \u0130ddianamede \u00f6zetle ba\u015fvurucunun; tan\u0131k ifadelerine g\u00f6re mahrem yap\u0131lanma i\u00e7inde g\u00f6rev yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131, sohbet toplant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 organize etti\u011fi, \u00f6rg\u00fcte m\u00fczahir oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esiyle kapat\u0131lan derneklerde kurucu ve y\u00f6netici olarak sorumluluk \u00fcstlendi\u011fi ve \u00f6rg\u00fcte finansal destek sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddia edilmi\u015ftir. 4. \u0130ddianamenin kabul\u00fc ile a\u00e7\u0131lan dava, Adana 2. A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Mahkemesince (Mahkeme) g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yarg\u0131lama; ilk derece a\u015famas\u0131nda 26\/6\/2018 tarihli tefrik \u00f6ncesi be\u015f, tefrik sonras\u0131 sekiz olmak \u00fczere toplamda on \u00fc\u00e7 celsede bitirilmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fvurucunun yakaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 29\/5\/2019 …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27,535],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21010","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hukukihaber","category-uncategorized-tr"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n