T\u00dcRK\u0130YE CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130<\/p>\n
ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
KARAR<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
CAH\u0130T MORG\u00dcL VE KADR\u0130YE MORG\u00dcL BA\u015eVURUSU<\/p>\n
(Ba\u015fvuru Numaras\u0131: 2020\/32440)<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Karar Tarihi:17\/9\/2024<\/p>\n
B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
KARAR<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fkan<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
Hasan Tahsin G\u00d6KCAN<\/p>\n
\u00dcyeler<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
Yusuf \u015eevki HAKYEMEZ<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Selahaddin MENTE\u015e<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Muhterem \u0130NCE<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Y\u0131lmaz AK\u00c7\u0130L<\/p>\n
Raport\u00f6r<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
Soner G\u00d6\u00c7ER<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fvurucular<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
1. Cahit MORG\u00dcL<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
2. Kadriye MORG\u00dcL<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fvurucular Vekili<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
Av. Abdullah ZEYTUN<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
I. BA\u015eVURUNUN KONUSU<\/p>\n
1. Ba\u015fvuru, Diyarbak\u0131r’\u0131n Sur il\u00e7esinde ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcne y\u00f6nelik operasyonlar s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00fcm olay\u0131 meydana gelmesi ve bu olaya ili\u015fkin olarak etkili soru\u015fturma y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmemesi nedeniyle ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fi iddias\u0131na ili\u015fkindir.<\/p>\n
II. BA\u015eVURU S\u00dcREC\u0130<\/p>\n
2. Ba\u015fvuru 7\/10\/2020 tarihinde yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Komisyon, ba\u015fvurunun kabul edilebilirlik incelemesinin B\u00f6l\u00fcm taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lmas\u0131na karar vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
3. Ba\u015fvuru belgelerinin bir \u00f6rne\u011fi bilgi i\u00e7in Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na (Bakanl\u0131k) g\u00f6nderilmi\u015ftir. Bakanl\u0131k, g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc bildirmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fvurucu, Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcresinde beyanda bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
III. OLAY VE OLGULAR <\/p>\n
4. PKK ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc 12\/8\/2015 tarihinden itibaren Sur il\u00e7esinin de d\u00e2hil oldu\u011fu baz\u0131 merkezlerde \u00f6z y\u00f6netim ilan etmi\u015ftir. \u00d6z y\u00f6netim ilan etti\u011fi b\u00f6lgelerde patlay\u0131c\u0131yla tuzaklanm\u0131\u015f hendekler kazmak ve barikatlar kurmak suretiyle yal\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f b\u00f6lgeler olu\u015fturmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan PKK ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc, kamuda hendek olaylar\u0131 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan ve aylarca devam eden bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te roketatarlar, keskin ni\u015fanc\u0131 t\u00fcfekleri, patlay\u0131c\u0131lar ve otomatik sald\u0131r\u0131 t\u00fcfekleri kullanarak ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 d\u00fczenlemi\u015ftir. Okullar, hastaneler, barajlar, adliye binalar\u0131, ambulanslar gibi temel kamu hizmetlerini sa\u011flayan e\u015fya ve binalar\u0131n yan\u0131nda sivilleri de hedef alan bu ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131nda 335 sivil hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybederken 2.106 ki\u015fi yaralanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131nda 859 g\u00fcvenlik g\u00f6revlisi ve Derik kaymakam\u0131 \u015fehit olmu\u015f, 4.711 g\u00fcvenlik g\u00f6revlisi yaralanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ter\u00f6r eylemlerinin engellenmesi, halk\u0131n can ve mal g\u00fcvenli\u011finin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla s\u00f6zde \u00f6z y\u00f6netim ilan edilen baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde m\u00fclki idare amirliklerince soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kma yasaklar\u0131 uygulanarak ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadele operasyonlar\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (hendek olaylar\u0131, \u00f6z y\u00f6netim ilanlar\u0131, PKK ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn \u015fehir sava\u015f\u0131 stratejisi ve soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kma yasaklar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda arka plan bilgisi ile ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamalar i\u00e7in bkz. Gazal Kolan\u00e7 ve di\u011ferleri [GK], B. No: 2017\/37897, 5\/7\/2022, \u00a7\u00a7 16-28, 67, 346-348).<\/p>\n
5. Ba\u015fvuru konusu olay, operasyonlar\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi\u011fi ve soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kma yasaklar\u0131n\u0131n uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f olup ba\u015fvuru formu ve ekleri ile Bakanl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc ve eklerinde ifade edildi\u011fi \u015fekliyle ilgili olaylar \u00f6zetle \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
6. Sur il\u00e7esinde 30\/3\/2016 tarihinde yap\u0131lan enkaz kald\u0131rma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda kimli\u011fi belirsiz yedi ceset bulunmu\u015ftur. Cesetler x1’den x7’ye kadar numaraland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
7. Ayn\u0131 g\u00fcn x4 olarak numaraland\u0131r\u0131lan ceset \u00fczerinde, Cumhuriyet savc\u0131s\u0131 huzurunda \u00f6l\u00fc muayene ve otopsi i\u015flemi yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130\u015flem sonucunda kesin \u00f6l\u00fcm nedeninin yap\u0131lacak toksikolojik ve histopatolojik inceleme neticesinde tespit edilebilece\u011fi m\u00fctalaa edilmi\u015ftir. \u0130\u015flem s\u0131ras\u0131nda sol g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs bo\u015flu\u011funda tespit edilen 1,5 cm uzunlu\u011funda 0,5 cm geni\u015fli\u011finde olan koyu siyah, k\u00f6m\u00fcr g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcnde metalik cisim \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131larak haz\u0131r bulunan Olay Yeri \u0130nceleme ekibine teslim edilmi\u015ftir. \u0130\u015flem s\u0131ras\u0131nda ayr\u0131ca cesetten kimlik tespiti i\u00e7in DNA analizi yap\u0131lmak \u00fczere doku \u00f6rne\u011fi al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ancak cilt dokusunun \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcme nedeniyle b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kaybetmesi nedeniyle parmak izi ve svap \u00f6rne\u011fi al\u0131namam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
8. x4 olarak numaraland\u0131r\u0131lan cesedin kimli\u011finin tespit edilmesi i\u00e7in DNA incelemesi yapt\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Adli T\u0131p Kurumu raporuna g\u00f6re \u00f6len \u015fah\u0131s ve ba\u015fvurucu Kadriye Morg\u00fcl’den al\u0131nan DNA \u00f6rneklerinin anne-o\u011ful y\u00f6n\u00fcnden uyumlu oldu\u011fu, \u00f6lenin ba\u015fvurucular\u0131n m\u00fc\u015fterek \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 olan 23\/9\/2002 do\u011fumlu C.M. oldu\u011fu tespit edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
9. C.M.nin babas\u0131 olan ba\u015fvurucu Cahit Morg\u00fcl, Cumhuriyet savc\u0131s\u0131 huzurunda al\u0131nan 10\/5\/2016 tarihli ifadesinde C.M.den 11 Aral\u0131k 2015 tarihinden beri haber alamad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, C.M.nin Sur il\u00e7esinde meydana gelen olaylara kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olabilece\u011finden \u015f\u00fcphelenerek e\u015finin kan \u00f6rne\u011fi verdi\u011fini, yap\u0131lan mukayese sonucunda C.M.nin Sur il\u00e7esinde vefat etti\u011fini \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fini beyan etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
10. Adana Kriminal Polis Laboratuvar M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn 11\/4\/2016 tarihli uzmanl\u0131k raporunda, C.M.nin cesetinden ele ge\u00e7irilen metalik cisimde balistik y\u00f6nden incelemeyi gerektirir herhangi bir \u00f6zellik bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
11. C.M.nin maktul \u015f\u00fcpheli s\u0131fat\u0131 ile yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, silahl\u0131 ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcne \u00fcye olma su\u00e7undan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen soru\u015fturma neticesinde Diyarbak\u0131r Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131k) 3\/7\/2017 tarihinde, C.M.nin \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f olmas\u0131 nedeniyle kamu ad\u0131na kovu\u015fturmaya yer olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na karar vermi\u015f, kararda “30\/03\/2016 tarihinde \u0130limiz Sur il\u00e7esinde meydana gelen \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma esnas\u0131nda g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7lerine kar\u015f\u0131 silahl\u0131 eylemde bulunan \u015f\u00fcpheli [C.M].nin ate\u015fli silahla yaralanmas\u0131 sonucu \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc” tespitine yer vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
12. Ba\u015fvurucular, karara itiraz etmi\u015ftir. \u0130tiraz\u0131 inceleyen Diyarbak\u0131r 2. Sulh Ceza H\u00e2kimli\u011fi 29\/03\/2019 tarihli karar\u0131 ile “…verilen kovu\u015fturmaya yer olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair kararda usul ve yasaya ayk\u0131r\u0131 bir husus bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131…” gerek\u00e7esi ile itiraz\u0131n reddine karar vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
13. Ba\u015fvurucular, nihai karar\u0131 8\/9\/2020 tarihinde \u00f6\u011frendikten sonra 7\/10\/2020 tarihinde bireysel ba\u015fvuruda bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
IV. \u0130LG\u0130L\u0130 HUKUK<\/p>\n
14. \u0130lgili hukuk i\u00e7in bkz. Gazal Kolan\u00e7 ve di\u011ferleri, \u00a7\u00a7208 – 251.<\/p>\n
V. \u0130NCELEME VE GEREK\u00c7E<\/p>\n
15. Anayasa Mahkemesinin 17\/9\/2024 tarihinde yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu toplant\u0131da ba\u015fvuru incelenip gere\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc:<\/p>\n
A. Ba\u015fvurucular\u0131n \u0130ddialar\u0131 ve Bakanl\u0131k G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc<\/p>\n
16. Ba\u015fvurucular, 13 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki C.M.nin g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7lerince do\u011frudan hedef al\u0131narak \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, kullan\u0131lan g\u00fcc\u00fcn orant\u0131s\u0131z oldu\u011funu, soru\u015fturman\u0131n etkisiz oldu\u011funu, hi\u00e7bir delilin toplanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, C.M.nin etnik kimli\u011finden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc hedef al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bu kapsamda ya\u015fam hakk\u0131 ile ya\u015fam hakk\u0131yla ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olarak e\u015fitlik ilkesinin ve adil yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ba\u015fvurucular ayr\u0131ca C.M.nin hen\u00fcz \u00e7ocuk ya\u015fta \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesi nedeniyle kendileri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve aile hayat\u0131na sayg\u0131 hakk\u0131n\u0131n da ihlal edildi\u011fini iddia etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
17. Bakanl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde; C.M.nin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc olay\u0131na ili\u015fkin ko\u015fullar\u0131n kovu\u015fturmaya yer olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair kararda tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edilip edilmedi\u011fi konusunda inceleme yap\u0131l\u0131rken somut olaylar\u0131n kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fvurucular, Bakanl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 beyanlar\u0131nda ba\u015fvuru formundaki iddialar\u0131n\u0131 yinelemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
B. De\u011ferlendirme<\/p>\n
18. Anayasa Mahkemesi, olaylar\u0131n ba\u015fvurucu taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan hukuki nitelendirmesi ile ba\u011fl\u0131 olmay\u0131p olay ve olgular\u0131n hukuki tavsifini kendisi takdir eder. Ba\u015fvurucular\u0131n \u015fik\u00e2yeti esasen C.M.nin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesine ve \u00f6l\u00fcm olay\u0131yla ilgili etkili soru\u015fturma y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmemesine ili\u015fkindir. Ba\u015fvurucular\u0131n ihlal iddialar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fam hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda incelenmesi gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n
19. Anayasa’n\u0131n “Devletin temel ama\u00e7 ve g\u00f6revleri” kenar ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 5. maddesi \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
“Devletin temel ama\u00e7 ve g\u00f6revleri, T\u00fcrk milletinin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, \u00fclkenin b\u00f6l\u00fcnmezli\u011fini, Cumhuriyeti ve demokrasiyi korumak, ki\u015filerin ve toplumun refah, huzur ve mutlulu\u011funu sa\u011flamak; ki\u015finin temel hak ve h\u00fcrriyetlerini, sosyal hukuk devleti ve adalet ilkeleriyle ba\u011fda\u015fmayacak surette s\u0131n\u0131rlayan siyasal, ekonomik ve sosyal engelleri kald\u0131rmaya, insan\u0131n maddi ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fmesi i\u00e7in gerekli \u015fartlar\u0131 haz\u0131rlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakt\u0131r.”<\/p>\n
20. Anayasa’n\u0131n “Temel hak ve h\u00fcrriyetlerin s\u0131n\u0131rlanmas\u0131” kenar ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 13. maddesi \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
“Temel hak ve h\u00fcrriyetler, \u00f6zlerine dokunulmaks\u0131z\u0131n yaln\u0131zca Anayasan\u0131n ilgili maddelerinde belirtilen sebeplere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ve ancak kanunla s\u0131n\u0131rlanabilir. Bu s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar, Anayasan\u0131n s\u00f6z\u00fcne ve ruhuna, demokratik toplum d\u00fczeninin ve l\u00e2ik Cumhuriyetin gereklerine ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 olamaz.”<\/p>\n
21. Anayasa’n\u0131n “Ki\u015finin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131, maddi ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131” kenar ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 17. maddesinin birinci ve d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kralar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
“Herkes, ya\u015fama, maddi ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131m koruma ve geli\u015ftirme hakk\u0131na sahiptir. <\/p>\n
…<\/p>\n
Me\u015fru m\u00fcdafaa hali, yakalama ve tutuklama kararlar\u0131n\u0131n yerine getirilmesi, bir tutuklu veya h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcn\u00fcn ka\u00e7mas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi, bir ayaklanma veya isyan\u0131n bast\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 veya ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc hallerde yetkili merciin verdi\u011fi emirlerin uygulanmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda silah kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na kanunun cevaz verdi\u011fi zorunlu durumlarda meydana gelen \u00f6ld\u00fcrme fiilleri, birinci f\u0131kra h\u00fckm\u00fc d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndad\u0131r.” <\/p>\n
1. Kabul Edilebilirlik Y\u00f6n\u00fcnden<\/p>\n
22. A\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a dayanaktan yoksun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kabul edilemezli\u011fine karar verilmesini gerektirecek ba\u015fka bir neden de bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lan ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine ili\u015fkin iddian\u0131n kabul edilebilir oldu\u011funa karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
2. Esas Y\u00f6n\u00fcnden<\/p>\n
a. Genel \u0130lkeler<\/p>\n
23. Ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ili\u015fkin maddi boyutu ile etkili soru\u015fturma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ili\u015fkin usul boyutuna ili\u015fkin genel ilkelere Gazal Kolan\u00e7 ve di\u011ferleri karar\u0131nda yer verilmi\u015ftir (ayn\u0131 kararda bkz. \u00a7\u00a7 320 -331).<\/p>\n
24. Anayasa’n\u0131n 17. maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen ya\u015fam hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda devletin negatif bir y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck olarak yetki alan\u0131nda bulunan hi\u00e7bir bireyin ya\u015fam\u0131na kas\u0131tl\u0131 ve hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak son vermeme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bulunmaktad\u0131r . Anayasa’n\u0131n 17. maddesinin son f\u0131kras\u0131nda belirtilen ya\u015fam hakk\u0131na yap\u0131lan m\u00fcdahalenin hukuka uygun olaca\u011f\u0131 h\u00e2llerde dahi son \u00e7are olarak \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc kuvvet kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. Kamu g\u00f6revlilerinin g\u00fc\u00e7 kullan\u0131m\u0131na ili\u015fkin eylemlerinin gereklilik ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck bakam\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendirmesi yap\u0131l\u0131rken eylemlerin planlanmas\u0131 ve kontrol\u00fc d\u00e2hil olay\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn a\u015famalar\u0131n\u0131n dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra bu konuda yap\u0131lacak de\u011ferlendirmede bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak somut olay\u0131n hangi \u015fartlarda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011finin, nas\u0131l bir seyir izledi\u011finin ve ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 kaybeden ki\u015finin daha \u00f6nceki eylemleri ile kendisinin yarataca\u011f\u0131 tehlikenin niteli\u011finin de g\u00f6z\u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Devlet, ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131n etkili soru\u015fturma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ili\u015fkin usul boyutu kapsam\u0131nda do\u011fal olmayan her \u00f6l\u00fcm olay\u0131n\u0131n sorumlular\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesini ve gerekiyorsa cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayabilecek etkili resm\u00ee bir soru\u015fturma y\u00fcr\u00fctmek durumundad\u0131r. Kamu g\u00f6revlilerinin g\u00fc\u00e7 kullan\u0131m\u0131 sonucu ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen \u00f6l\u00fcmlere ili\u015fkin soru\u015fturmalar\u0131n etkili olabilmesi i\u00e7in soru\u015fturma makamlar\u0131, olaya kar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f olabilecek ki\u015filerden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olmasl, resen ve derh\u00e2l harekete ge\u00e7erek \u00f6l\u00fcm olay\u0131n\u0131 ayd\u0131nlatabilecek ve sorumlular\u0131n belirlenmesini sa\u011flayabilecek b\u00fct\u00fcn delilleri tespit etmelidir. Soru\u015fturma s\u00fcreci kamu denetimine a\u00e7\u0131k olmal\u0131, \u00f6len ki\u015finin yak\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n me\u015fru menfaatlerini korumak i\u00e7in bu s\u00fcrece gerekli oldu\u011fu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde kat\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131 sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Makul bir \u00f6zen ve s\u00fcratle y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi gereken soru\u015fturma sonucunda al\u0131nan karar, soru\u015fturmada elde edilen t\u00fcm bulgular\u0131n kapsaml\u0131, nesnel ve tarafs\u0131z bir analizine dayal\u0131 olmal\u0131; bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ya\u015fam hakk\u0131na y\u00f6nelik m\u00fcdahalenin Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n arad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zorunlu bir durumdan kaynaklanan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc bir m\u00fcdahale olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na y\u00f6nelik bir de\u011ferlendirme i\u00e7ermelidir (detayl\u0131 aktar\u0131m i\u00e7in bkz. Cemil Dan\u0131\u015fman, B. No: 2013\/6319, 16\/7\/2014; \u0130pek Deniz ve di\u011ferleri, B. No: 2013\/1595, 21\/4\/2016; Cembeli Erdem, B. No: 2014\/19077, 18\/4\/2018 Cem Sar\u0131s\u00fcl\u00fck ve di\u011ferleri [GK], B. No: 2015\/16451, 15\/12\/2021).<\/p>\n
b. \u0130lkelerin Olaya Uygulanmas\u0131<\/p>\n
25. Ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ihlal edildi\u011fine y\u00f6nelik iddialar incelenirken \u00f6ncelikle belirlenmesi gereken husus, \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn devlet g\u00f6revlilerinin g\u00fc\u00e7 kullan\u0131m\u0131 sonucu meydana gelip gelmedi\u011fidir. Olaya ili\u015fkin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen soru\u015fturma sonucunda verilen kovu\u015fturmaya yer olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair kararda, ba\u015fvurucular\u0131n yak\u0131n\u0131 C.M.nin g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin silahl\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kullanmas\u0131 sonucu hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti\u011fi kabul edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
26. Bu durumda kamusal yetkiyle g\u00fc\u00e7 kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 sonucu ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi kabul edilen bu \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn Anayasa’n\u0131n 17. maddesinin son f\u0131kras\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenen, ya\u015fam hakk\u0131na yap\u0131lan m\u00fcdahaleyi hukuka uygun h\u00e2le getirecek hangi istisnai h\u00e2l kapsam\u0131nda oldu\u011funu tespit edecek, dahas\u0131 bu m\u00fcdahalenin mutlak zorunlu bir durumda ve orant\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde yap\u0131l\u0131p yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyacak bir soru\u015fturma yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereklidir.<\/p>\n
27. Somut olayda, olay tarihinde 13 ya\u015f\u0131nda olan C.M.nin cesedinin enkaz kald\u0131rma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda bulunmas\u0131 sonras\u0131 soru\u015fturma i\u015flemlerine ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015f ise de soru\u015fturma, C.M. hakk\u0131nda silahl\u0131 ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcne \u00fcye olma su\u00e7undan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. UYAP \u00fczerinden yap\u0131lan incelemede C.M.nin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne ili\u015fkin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen ba\u015fkaca m\u00fcnferit bir soru\u015fturmaya rastlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi Bakanl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde de bu y\u00f6nde bir bilgiye yer verilmemi\u015ftir. Dahas\u0131 C.M. hakk\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen soru\u015fturma neticesinde C.M.nin \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f olmas\u0131 nedeniyle verilen kamu ad\u0131na kovu\u015fturmaya yer olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair kararda yaln\u0131zca “30\/03\/2016 tarihinde \u0130limiz Sur il\u00e7esinde meydana gelen \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma esnas\u0131nda g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7lerine kar\u015f\u0131 silahl\u0131 eylemde bulunan \u015f\u00fcpheli [C.M].nin Ate\u015fli silahla yaralanmas\u0131 sonucu \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc” tespitine yer verilmi\u015ftir. Bu karar\u0131n ve karara itiraz\u0131n reddine dair sulh ceza h\u00e2kimli\u011fi karar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fam hakk\u0131na y\u00f6nelik m\u00fcdahalenin Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n arad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zorunlu bir durumdan kaynaklanan gerekli ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc bir m\u00fcdahale olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na y\u00f6nelik bir de\u011ferlendirme i\u00e7ermedi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Kararlarda yaln\u0131zca C.M.nin g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7lerine kar\u015f\u0131 silahl\u0131 eylemde bulundu\u011fu tespitine yer verilmi\u015ftir. Ya\u015fam hakk\u0131na y\u00f6nelik m\u00fcdahalenin Anayasa’n\u0131n 17. maddesinin d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131nda say\u0131lan istisnai h\u00e2llerden (me\u015fru m\u00fcdafaa, yakalama, ayaklanma veya isyan\u0131n bast\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc h\u00e2llerde yetkili mercinin verdi\u011fi emirlerin uygulanmas\u0131) hangisi kapsam\u0131nda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde bir tespit yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dahas\u0131, kovu\u015fturmaya yer olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair kararda “..\u015f\u00fcpheli [C.M].nin Ate\u015fli silahla yaralanmas\u0131 sonucu \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc” tespitine yer verilmi\u015ftir ancak Cumhuriyet savc\u0131s\u0131 huzurunda yap\u0131lan \u00f6l\u00fc muayene ve otopsi i\u015flemi (\u00a7 7) neticesinde, kesin \u00f6l\u00fcm nedeninin yap\u0131lacak toksikolojik ve histopatolojik inceleme sonucunda tespit edilebilece\u011fi m\u00fctalaa edilmi\u015f fakat UYAP \u00fczerinden yap\u0131lan incelemede bu y\u00f6nde bir raporun dosya i\u00e7erisinde yer almad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
28. Sonu\u00e7 olarak ya\u015fam hakk\u0131na y\u00f6nelik m\u00fcdahale kabul edilmesine ra\u011fmen \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn hangi \u015fartlar alt\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011finin tespitine y\u00f6nelik bir soru\u015fturma y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmemi\u015f; ya\u015fam hakk\u0131na y\u00f6nelik m\u00fcdahalenin Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n arad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zorunlu bir durumdan kaynaklanan gerekli ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc bir m\u00fcdahale olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olarak elde edilen bulgular\u0131n kapsaml\u0131, nesnel ve tarafs\u0131z analizine dayal\u0131 bir de\u011ferlendirme de yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Gazal Kolan\u00e7 ve di\u011ferleri karar\u0131nda detayl\u0131 analize konu, d\u00f6neme h\u00e2kim olan \u015fartlar alt\u0131nda dahi olay\u0131n ayd\u0131nlat\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in imk\u00e2nlar d\u00e2hilinde t\u00fcm delillerin toplanarak nesnel bir de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131lmas\u0131; hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne olan inanc\u0131n korunmas\u0131 ve hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 eylemlere m\u00fcsamaha g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi veya kay\u0131ts\u0131z kal\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc verilmemesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan kritik \u00f6nemdedir. Somut olayda ise delillerin toplanmas\u0131 ve de\u011ferlendirilmesi, Anayasa’n\u0131n 17. maddesinin gerektirdi\u011fi derinlikte yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
29. Di\u011fer taraftan ba\u015fvuruya konu olay\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fme \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenememesi nedeniyle Anayasa Mahkemesinin \u00f6n\u00fcnde ba\u015fvurucunun iddialar\u0131 ile adli makamlar\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu kabul\u00fcn\u00fcn de\u011ferlendirilmesine olanak verecek yeterlilikte bilgi veya bulgu bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ba\u015fvurucunun ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131n devletin \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ili\u015fkin maddi boyutunun ihlal edildi\u011fi \u015fik\u00e2yeti bu a\u015famada de\u011ferlendirilememi\u015ftir (benzer y\u00f6ndeki bir karar i\u00e7in bkz. Y\u0131lmaz Adl\u0131\u011f, B. No: 2017\/16475, 8\/7\/2020, \u00a7\u00a7 33, 34).<\/p>\n
30. A\u00e7\u0131klanan gerek\u00e7elerle ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131n usul boyutunun ihlal edildi\u011fi sonucuna ula\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Muhterem \u0130NCE bu sonuca kat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
VI. G\u0130DER\u0130M<\/p>\n
31. Ba\u015fvurucular, ihlalin tespiti ve yeniden soru\u015fturma yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ile 100.000 TL maddi ve 100.000 TL manevi tazminat talebinde bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
32. Ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131n usul boyutu ile ihlal edildi\u011fi sonucuna var\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015fvuruda tespit edilen hak ihlalinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeniden soru\u015fturma yap\u0131lmas\u0131nda hukuki yarar bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu kapsamda karar\u0131n g\u00f6nderildi\u011fi soru\u015fturma mercilerince yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken i\u015f yeniden soru\u015fturma i\u015flemlerini ba\u015flatmak ve Anayasa Mahkemesini ihlal sonucuna ula\u015ft\u0131ran nedenleri gideren, ihlal karar\u0131nda belirtilen ilkelere uygun yeni bir karar vermektir (30\/3\/2011 tarihli ve 6216 say\u0131l\u0131 Anayasa Mahkemesinin Kurulu\u015fu ve Yarg\u0131lama Usulleri Hakk\u0131nda Kanun’un 50. maddesinin (2) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenen bireysel ba\u015fvuruya \u00f6zg\u00fc yeniden yarg\u0131lama kurumunun \u00f6zelliklerine ili\u015fkin kapsaml\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamalar i\u00e7in bkz. Mehmet Do\u011fan [GK], B. No: 2014\/8875, 7\/6\/2018, \u00a7\u00a7 54-60; Alig\u00fcl Alkaya ve di\u011ferleri (2), B. No: 2016\/12506, 7\/11\/2019, \u00a7\u00a7 53-60, 66; Kadri Enis Berbero\u011flu (3) [GK], B. No: 2020\/32949, 21\/1\/2021, \u00a7\u00a7 93-100).<\/p>\n
33. \u00d6te yandan ihlalin niteli\u011fi g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ba\u015fvuruculara talepleriyle ba\u011fl\u0131 kal\u0131narak m\u00fc\u015ftereken 100.000 TL manevi tazminat \u00f6denmesi gerekti\u011fi sonucuna ula\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015fvurucular u\u011frad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 iddia ettikleri maddi zararla ilgili bilgi ve belge sunmad\u0131klar\u0131ndan maddi tazminat talebinin reddine karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
VII. H\u00dcK\u00dcM<\/p>\n
A\u00e7\u0131klanan gerek\u00e7elerle;<\/p>\n
A. Ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine ili\u015fkin iddian\u0131n KABUL ED\u0130LEB\u0130L\u0130R OLDU\u011eUNA OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE,<\/p>\n
B. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesinde g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131n usul boyutunun \u0130HLAL ED\u0130LD\u0130\u011e\u0130NE Muhterem \u0130NCE’ninkar\u015f\u0131 oyu ve OY\u00c7OKLU\u011eUYLA,<\/p>\n
C. Karar\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011finin ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlalinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeniden soru\u015fturma yap\u0131lmak \u00fczere Diyarbak\u0131r Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131’na (Sor. No: 2016\/11789, Kar. No: 2017\/14264) G\u00d6NDER\u0130LMES\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
D. Ba\u015fvuruculara net 100.000 TL manevi tazminat\u0131n M\u00dc\u015eTEREKEN \u00d6DENMES\u0130NE, tazminata ili\u015fkin di\u011fer taleplerin REDD\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
E. 446,90 TL har\u00e7 ve 18.800 TL vek\u00e2let \u00fccretinden olu\u015fan toplam 19.246,90 TL yarg\u0131lama giderinin ba\u015fvuruculara M\u00dc\u015eTEREKEN \u00d6DENMES\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
F. \u00d6demelerin karar\u0131n tebli\u011fini takiben ba\u015fvurucular\u0131n Hazine ve Maliye Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u015fvuru tarihinden itibaren d\u00f6rt ay i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lmas\u0131na, \u00f6demede gecikme olmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde bu s\u00fcrenin sona erdi\u011fi tarihten \u00f6deme tarihine kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre i\u00e7in yasal FA\u0130Z UYGULANMASINA,<\/p>\n
G. Karar\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011finin Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na G\u00d6NDER\u0130LMES\u0130NE 17\/9\/2024 tarihinde karar verildi.<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
KAR\u015eIOY GEREK\u00c7ES\u0130<\/p>\n
1. Ba\u015fvurucular, Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019\u0131n Sur il\u00e7esinde ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcne y\u00f6nelik operasyonlar s\u0131ras\u0131nda yak\u0131nlar\u0131 olan \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6lmesi ve bu olay hakk\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen ceza soru\u015fturmas\u0131n\u0131n etkisizli\u011fi nedeniyle ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Mahkememiz \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu, \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn hangi \u015fartlar alt\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011finin tespitine y\u00f6nelik bir soru\u015fturman\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmemesi nedeniyle ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131n usul boyutunun ihlal edildi\u011fi sonucuna ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
2. T\u00fcrkiye, 2015 y\u0131l\u0131 temmuz ay\u0131ndan itibaren giderek yo\u011funla\u015fan ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na maruz kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u0131rmanan ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 PKK\/KCK ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6z y\u00f6netim ilanlar\u0131 izlemi\u015ftir. \u00d6z y\u00f6netim ilan etti\u011fi Sur il\u00e7esinin de dahil oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgelerde \u00d6z Savunma Birlikleri (\u00d6SB) ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda silahl\u0131 gruplar olu\u015fturan PKK ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc, bu gruplar ve YDG-H (Yurtsever Devrimci Gen\u00e7lik Hareketi) eliyle yollara barikat kurma, hendek kazma ve t\u00fcnel a\u00e7ma gibi eylemlerde bulunmu\u015ftur (Gazal Kolan\u00e7 ve di\u011ferleri [GK], B. No: 2017\/37897, 5\/7\/2022, \u00a7\u00a7 25-27).<\/p>\n
3. \u00d6z y\u00f6netim ilan etti\u011fi t\u00fcm b\u00f6lgelerde benzer bir strateji ile barikat ve hendeklere patlay\u0131c\u0131 d\u00f6\u015feyen, yollar\u0131 patlay\u0131c\u0131 d\u00fczenek kurmak suretiyle tuzaklayan ve karargah olarak kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 binalar\u0131 t\u00fcnel kazarak birbirine ba\u011flayan ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn bu \u015fekilde ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131 engelledi\u011fi b\u00f6lgelerde, g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7leri ve binalar\u0131, ambulanslar dahil kamuya ve \u00f6zel ki\u015filere ait ara\u00e7 ve e\u015fyalar\u0131n ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na maruz kalmas\u0131, bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n tahrip edilmesi neticesi e\u011fitim, sa\u011fl\u0131k ve ula\u015f\u0131m gibi temel kamu hizmetlerine eri\u015fim durma noktas\u0131na gelmi\u015ftir (bkz. Ay\u015fe \u00c7elik, B. No: 2017\/36722, 9\/5\/2019, \u00a7 10; Selahattin Demirta\u015f, B. No: 2016\/25189, 21\/12\/2017, \u00a7 31-32; \u201c\u00f6z y\u00f6netim\u201d \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda ise bkz. Seyid Narin, [GK], B. No: 2018\/20156, 18\/5\/2022, \u00a7 24).<\/p>\n
4. Bu geli\u015fmelerin ard\u0131ndan ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6z y\u00f6netim ilan etti\u011fi b\u00f6lgelerde ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadele i\u00e7in g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7leri taraf\u0131ndan geni\u015f \u00e7apl\u0131 operasyonlar ba\u015flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu operasyonlar s\u0131ras\u0131nda y\u00fczlerce g\u00fcvenlik g\u00f6revlisi \u015fehit olmu\u015f, binlercesi yaralanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadele operasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczenlendi\u011fi baz\u0131 yerlerde ise soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kma yasaklar\u0131 uygulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (Gazal Kolan\u00e7 ve di\u011ferleri, \u00a7 28). Bu ter\u00f6r olaylar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Sur il\u00e7esinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen silahl\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131larda 66 g\u00fcvenlik g\u00f6revlisi \u015fehit olurken 428 g\u00fcvenlik g\u00f6revlisi yaralanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yaln\u0131zca 11\/12\/2015-23\/12\/2015 tarihleri aras\u0131nda Sur il\u00e7esinde g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7leri ile ter\u00f6rist unsurlar aras\u0131nda 320 silahl\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunlardan 72’sinde ter\u00f6rist unsurlar taraf\u0131ndan roketatar kullan\u0131larak sald\u0131r\u0131 d\u00fczenlenirken 86 sald\u0131r\u0131da da patlay\u0131c\u0131 kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 rapor edilmi\u015ftir. Ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde Sur il\u00e7esinde PKK ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc \u00fcyeleri taraf\u0131ndan sivillere ait ikamet ve i\u015fyerleri ile kamu kurumlar\u0131na ait binalarda 56 ayr\u0131 kundaklama yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirlenmi\u015ftir (Fikriye Tanr\u0131kulu ve \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Derne\u011fi, B. No: 2016\/3350, 13\/4\/2023, \u00a7 2).<\/p>\n
5. Ba\u015fvuruya konu olayda Sur il\u00e7esinde 30\/3\/2016 tarihinde yap\u0131lan enkaz kald\u0131rma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda kimli\u011fi belirsiz yedi ceset bulunmu\u015f; s\u00f6z konusu cesetler numaraland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve x4 olarak numaraland\u0131r\u0131lan ceset \u00fczerinde Cumhuriyet savc\u0131s\u0131 huzurunda \u00f6l\u00fc muayene ve otopsi i\u015flemi yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, kesin \u00f6l\u00fcm nedeninin tespiti i\u00e7in toksikolojik ve histopatolojik inceleme yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011finden cesedin sol g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs bo\u015flu\u011funda tespit edilen, 1,5 cm uzunlu\u011funda 0,5 cm geni\u015fli\u011finde olan koyu siyah, k\u00f6m\u00fcr g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcnde metalik cisim \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131larak olay yeri inceleme ekibine teslim edilmi\u015f;ayr\u0131ca cesetten kimlik tespiti i\u00e7in DNA analizi yap\u0131lmak \u00fczere doku \u00f6rne\u011fi al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f, ancak cilt dokusunun \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcme nedeniyle b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kaybetmesi nedeniyle parmak izi ve svap \u00f6rne\u011fi al\u0131namam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. x4 olarak numaraland\u0131r\u0131lan cesedin kimli\u011finin tespit edilmesi i\u00e7in DNA incelemesi yapt\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, Adli T\u0131p Kurumu\u2019nun raporuna g\u00f6re \u00f6len \u015fah\u0131s ve ba\u015fvuruculardan al\u0131nan DNA \u00f6rneklerinin anne-o\u011ful y\u00f6n\u00fcnden uyumlu oldu\u011fu, \u00f6lenin ba\u015fvurucular\u0131n m\u00fc\u015fterek \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 olan 23\/9\/2002 do\u011fumlu C.M. oldu\u011fu tespit edilmi\u015ftir. C.M.nin babas\u0131 olan ba\u015fvurucu, Cumhuriyet savc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na verdi\u011fi ifadesinde C.M.den 11 Aral\u0131k tarihinden beri haber alamad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, C.M.nin Sur il\u00e7esinde meydana gelen olaylara kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olabilece\u011finden \u015f\u00fcphelenerek e\u015finin kan \u00f6rne\u011fi verdi\u011fini, yap\u0131lan mukayese sonucunda C.M.nin Sur il\u00e7esinde vefat etti\u011fini \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fini beyan etmi\u015ftir. Adana Kriminal Polis Laboratuvar M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnce d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f olan raporda ise, C.M.nin cesedinden ele ge\u00e7irilen metalik cisimde balistik y\u00f6nden incelemeyi gerektirir herhangi bir \u00f6zellik bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
6. Ki\u015finin ya\u015fam hakk\u0131 ile maddi ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruma hakk\u0131, birbirleriyle s\u0131k\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 olan, devredilmez ve vazge\u00e7ilmez haklar\u0131ndan olup devletin bu konuda pozitif ve negatif y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri bulunmaktad\u0131r. Devletin, negatif bir y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck olarak, yetki alan\u0131nda bulunan hi\u00e7bir bireyin ya\u015fam\u0131na kas\u0131tl\u0131 ve hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak son vermeme, bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, pozitif bir y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck olarak, yine yetki alan\u0131nda bulunan t\u00fcm bireylerin ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131 gerek kamusal makamlar\u0131n gerek di\u011fer bireylerin gerekse ki\u015finin kendisinin eylemlerinden kaynaklanabilecek risklere kar\u015f\u0131 koruma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bulunmaktad\u0131r (Serpil Kerimo\u011flu ve di\u011ferleri, B. No: 2012\/752, 17\/9\/2013, \u00a7\u00a7 50-51).<\/p>\n
7. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesinin son f\u0131kras\u0131nda \u201c(1) me\u015fru m\u00fcdafaa hali, (2) yakalama ve tutuklama kararlar\u0131n\u0131n yerine getirilmesi, (3) bir tutuklu veya h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcn\u00fcn ka\u00e7mas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi, (4) bir ayaklanma veya isyan\u0131n bast\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, (5) ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc hallerde yetkili merciin verdi\u011fi emirlerin uygulanmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda silah kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na kanunun cevaz verdi\u011fi zorunlu durumlarda\u201d ya\u015fam hakk\u0131na yap\u0131lan m\u00fcdahalenin hukuka uygun olaca\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir (Y\u0131lmaz Adl\u0131\u011f, B. No: 2017\/16475, 8\/7\/2020, \u00a7. 31).<\/p>\n
8. Somut olayda Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131k, Diyarbak\u0131r ili Sur \u0130l\u00e7esinde \u00f6zerklik amac\u0131yla PKK\/KCK ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc mensuplar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan hendek kazma, barikat kurma ve g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7lerine kar\u015f\u0131 roketatarl\u0131, uzun namlu silahl\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131 eylemlerin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131; Sur Kaymakaml\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan il\u00e7ede yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 eylemleri ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren \u015fah\u0131slar\u0131n, ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc mensuplar\u0131n\u0131n ve ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc mensuplar\u0131na yard\u0131m eden \u015fah\u0131slar\u0131n yakalanmas\u0131, su\u00e7 ve su\u00e7 unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n ele ge\u00e7irilmesi, mahalle ve sokaklar\u0131n g\u00fcvenli hale getirilmesi ve kamu d\u00fczeninin, halk\u0131n can ve mal g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kma yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ilan edildi\u011fi; halk\u0131n huzur ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flamak, sokaklar\u0131n temizlenmesi ve g\u00fcvenli hale getirilmesi amac\u0131yla g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7leri taraf\u0131ndan faaliyet ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi\u011fi, yap\u0131lan bu faaliyetler \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde \u00e7ok say\u0131da silahl\u0131 ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc mensubunun etkisiz hale getirildi\u011fi, PKK\/KCK ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc mensuplar\u0131 ile \u00e7\u0131kan \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalarda \u00fcyelerinin hendek ve barikatlara tuzaklad\u0131klar\u0131 patlay\u0131c\u0131lar nedeniyle bir \u00e7ok g\u00fcvenlik g\u00f6revlisinin \u015fehit oldu\u011fu, bir\u00e7ok g\u00fcvenlik g\u00f6revlisinin de yaraland\u0131\u011f\u0131; 30\/3\/2016 tarihinde Diyarbak\u0131r ilinin Sur il\u00e7esinde meydana gelen \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma esnas\u0131nda g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7lerine kar\u015f\u0131 silahl\u0131 eylemde bulunan ba\u015fvurucular\u0131n o\u011flunun (C.M.nin) ate\u015fli silahla yaralanmas\u0131 sonucu \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc tespitlerinde bulunarak, bu \u00f6l\u00fcm nedeniyle \u015f\u00fcpheli hakk\u0131nda kovu\u015fturmaya yer olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair karar vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
9. Ba\u015fvurucular\u0131n an\u0131lan karara y\u00f6nelik itirazlar\u0131n\u0131 inceleyen sulh ceza h\u00e2kimli\u011fi, Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n etkili soru\u015fturma y\u00fcr\u00fctme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc yerine getirdi\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle kovu\u015fturmaya yer olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair karar\u0131n\u0131, usul ve yasaya uygun bularak itiraz\u0131n reddine karar vermi\u015ftir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, somut ba\u015fvuruda ba\u015fvurucular\u0131n ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fi iddias\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan etkili bir soru\u015fturman\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmedi\u011finden bahsedilemeyecektir. Nitekim daha \u00f6nce benzer ba\u015fvurularda Anayasa Mahkemesi (bkz. Arjin Edin ve di\u011ferleri, B. No: 2018\/14655, 19\/12\/2023; Mehmet Akyol ve di\u011ferleri, B. No: 2021\/63957, 21\/5\/2024; Abdulhadi Bar\u0131n ve Asya Bar\u0131n, B. No: 2018\/12820, 20\/12\/2023) bir ihlal olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na karar vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
10. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, ba\u015fvurucular\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17.maddesinde g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131n usul boyutunun ihlal edilmedi\u011fi kanaatini ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131mdan \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fun aksi y\u00f6ndeki karar\u0131na kat\u0131lm\u0131yorum.<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
Muhterem \u0130NCE<\/p>\n
\u200bAnayasa Mahkemesi’nin 17\/9\/2024 tarihli ve 2020\/32440 ba\u015fvuru numaral\u0131 karar\u0131\u00a0Hukuki Haber<\/p>\n
Haberin Al\u0131nt\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kaynak: www.hukukihaber.net<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u00dcRK\u0130YE CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130 ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130 \u00a0 \u00a0 B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM \u00a0 KARAR \u00a0 CAH\u0130T MORG\u00dcL VE KADR\u0130YE MORG\u00dcL BA\u015eVURUSU (Ba\u015fvuru Numaras\u0131: 2020\/32440) \u00a0 Karar Tarihi:17\/9\/2024 B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM \u00a0 KARAR \u00a0 \u00a0 Ba\u015fkan : Hasan Tahsin G\u00d6KCAN \u00dcyeler : Yusuf \u015eevki HAKYEMEZ \u00a0 \u00a0 Selahaddin MENTE\u015e \u00a0 \u00a0 Muhterem \u0130NCE \u00a0 \u00a0 Y\u0131lmaz AK\u00c7\u0130L Raport\u00f6r : Soner G\u00d6\u00c7ER Ba\u015fvurucular : 1. Cahit MORG\u00dcL \u00a0 \u00a0 2. Kadriye MORG\u00dcL Ba\u015fvurucular Vekili : Av. Abdullah ZEYTUN \u00a0 I. BA\u015eVURUNUN KONUSU 1. Ba\u015fvuru, Diyarbak\u0131r’\u0131n Sur il\u00e7esinde ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcne y\u00f6nelik operasyonlar s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00fcm olay\u0131 meydana gelmesi ve bu olaya ili\u015fkin olarak etkili soru\u015fturma y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmemesi nedeniyle ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fi iddias\u0131na ili\u015fkindir. II. BA\u015eVURU S\u00dcREC\u0130 2. Ba\u015fvuru 7\/10\/2020 tarihinde yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Komisyon, ba\u015fvurunun kabul edilebilirlik incelemesinin B\u00f6l\u00fcm taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lmas\u0131na karar vermi\u015ftir. 3. Ba\u015fvuru belgelerinin bir \u00f6rne\u011fi bilgi i\u00e7in Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na (Bakanl\u0131k) g\u00f6nderilmi\u015ftir. Bakanl\u0131k, g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc bildirmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fvurucu, Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcresinde beyanda bulunmu\u015ftur. III. OLAY VE OLGULAR 4. PKK ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc 12\/8\/2015 tarihinden itibaren Sur il\u00e7esinin de d\u00e2hil oldu\u011fu baz\u0131 merkezlerde \u00f6z y\u00f6netim ilan etmi\u015ftir. \u00d6z y\u00f6netim ilan etti\u011fi b\u00f6lgelerde patlay\u0131c\u0131yla tuzaklanm\u0131\u015f hendekler kazmak ve barikatlar kurmak suretiyle yal\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f b\u00f6lgeler olu\u015fturmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan PKK ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc, kamuda hendek olaylar\u0131 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan ve aylarca devam eden bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te roketatarlar, keskin ni\u015fanc\u0131 t\u00fcfekleri, …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27,535],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20136","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hukukihaber","category-uncategorized-tr"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n