Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i, do\u011fal yap\u0131s\u0131 ve tarihi \u00f6nemi nedeniyle genel imar kurallar\u0131ndan ayr\u0131larak, 2960 say\u0131l\u0131 \u00f6zel bir kanunla korunmaktad\u0131r. Kanun, b\u00f6lgeyi \u201csahil \u015feridi\u201d \u201c\u00f6n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u201d, \u201cgeri g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u201d ve \u201cetkilenme\u201d b\u00f6lgeleri olarak d\u00f6rde ay\u0131rmakta; her bir b\u00f6lge i\u00e7in yap\u0131la\u015fma ve kullan\u0131m konusunda s\u0131k\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar getirmektedir. Bu d\u00fczenlemenin amac\u0131, Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i’nin do\u011fal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel dokusunu korumakt\u0131r. Ancak bu koruma yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131, b\u00f6lgede ya\u015fayanlar\u0131n m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131 ihlal etmeyecek \u015fekilde uygulanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Mevcut de\u011ferlerin korunmas\u0131 kadar, zorunlu tadilatlar\u0131n gereksiz yere zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmamas\u0131 ve m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131labilir olmas\u0131 da \u00f6nemlidir. Bu yaz\u0131da, Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i\u2019nin imar rejimini belirleyen temel ilkeleri ele alacak; \u00f6zellikle yap\u0131 kay\u0131t belgesi bulunan yap\u0131larda kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hak meselesini, Dan\u0131\u015ftay\u2019\u0131n farkl\u0131 tarihlerde verdi\u011fi kararlar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde tart\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n
1) Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Alan\u0131 Nedir?<\/p>\n
Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i k\u0131y\u0131 ve sahil \u015feridinden, \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgesinden, geri g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgesinden ve etkilenme b\u00f6lgelerinden olu\u015fan ve s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 ve koordinatlar\u0131 2960 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanuna ekli krokide i\u015faretli olan ve 22\/7\/1983 onay tarihli naz\u0131m planda g\u00f6sterilen aland\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu kapsamda Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Alan\u0131 4 ayr\u0131 b\u00f6lgeden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bunlar k\u0131saca \u015f\u00f6yledir;<\/p>\n
a) Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Sahil \u015eeridi<\/p>\n
Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i k\u0131y\u0131 kenar \u00e7izgisi ile 22\/7\/1983 tarihli 1\/5000 \u00f6l\u00e7ekli naz\u0131m plan\u0131nda g\u00f6sterilen hat aras\u0131nda kalan b\u00f6lgedir.<\/p>\n
b) \u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm B\u00f6lgesi<\/p>\n
Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i sahil \u015feridine biti\u015fik olan ve 22\/7\/1983 tarihli 1\/1000 \u00f6l\u00e7ekli imar uygulama plan\u0131nda g\u00f6sterilen b\u00f6lgedir.<\/p>\n
c) Geri G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm B\u00f6lgesi<\/p>\n
\u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgesine biti\u015fik olan ve 22\/7\/1983 tarihli 1\/5000 \u00f6l\u00e7ekli naz\u0131m plan\u0131nda g\u00f6sterilen co\u011frafi b\u00f6lgedir.<\/p>\n
d) Etkilenme B\u00f6lgesi<\/p>\n
\u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm ve geri g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgeleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda 22\/7\/1983 tarihli ve 1\/5000 \u00f6l\u00e7ekli naz\u0131m plan\u0131nda g\u00f6sterilen ve Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i sahil \u015feridi, \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm ve geri g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgelerinden etkilenen b\u00f6lgedir.<\/p>\n
G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi 22\/7\/1983 tarihli 1\/5000 \u00f6l\u00e7ekli Naz\u0131m \u0130mar Plan\u0131 ile 1\/1000 \u00f6l\u00e7ekli Uygulama \u0130mar Plan\u0131nda g\u00f6sterilmi\u015f ve Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i k\u0131y\u0131 kenar \u00e7izgisinden i\u00e7eri do\u011fru gelindik\u00e7e de\u011fi\u015fen 4 ayr\u0131 b\u00f6lge Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Alan\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda yer almakta olup, an\u0131lan her b\u00f6lgenin imar ko\u015fullar\u0131 da ayr\u0131 olarak belirlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
2) Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Alan\u0131\u2019nda \u0130mar Uygulamalar\u0131na \u0130li\u015fkin Yetki Hangi Kurumlara Aittir?<\/p>\n
“Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Sahil \u015eeridi” ve “\u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm” b\u00f6lgelerindeki uygulamalarda \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck \u015eehir Belediye Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, “Geri g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm” ve “Etkilenme” b\u00f6lgelerindeki uygulamalarda ise ilgili \u0130l\u00e7e Belediye Ba\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131 yetkilidir.<\/p>\n
Bu ba\u011flamda \u0130stanbul\u2019un Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Alan\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda olan il\u00e7eleri; Be\u015fikta\u015f, Sar\u0131yer, Beykoz ve \u00dcsk\u00fcdar\u2019d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
3) Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Kanunu Kapsam\u0131nda Bulunan Yerler Hakk\u0131nda M\u00fclkiyet Hakk\u0131na Dair Kriterler<\/p>\n
Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Kanunu, b\u00f6lgenin do\u011fal ve tarihi dokusunu korumak amac\u0131yla yap\u0131la\u015fmay\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131r. Bu s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rmalar kamu yarar\u0131na dayansa da, Anayasa ile g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcne dokunmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Zira kamu yarar\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle yap\u0131lan her m\u00fcdahale, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesine uygun olmak zorundad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede:<\/p>\n
– K\u0131s\u0131tlaman\u0131n me\u015fru bir amaca dayanmas\u0131,<\/p>\n
– Uygulaman\u0131n zorunlu ve orant\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131,<\/p>\n
– M\u00fclkiyetin tamamen i\u015flevsiz hale gelmemesi,<\/p>\n
– \u0130darenin keyfi uygulamalardan uzak durmas\u0131,<\/p>\n
– M\u00fclkiyet sahibine hi\u00e7bir tadilat veya kullan\u0131m hakk\u0131 tan\u0131nmamas\u0131 gibi a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131n hak ihlali te\u015fkil etmemesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
Dan\u0131\u015ftay\u2019\u0131n yerle\u015fik i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131nda da, kamu yarar\u0131 amac\u0131yla yap\u0131lan m\u00fcdahalelerde m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131labilirli\u011finin tamamen ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fczl\u00fck te\u015fkil edebilece\u011fi vurgulanmaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle, koruma amac\u0131yla getirilen her yasaklay\u0131c\u0131 d\u00fczenlemede, hakkaniyetli bir denge kurulmas\u0131; hem kamu menfaatinin hem de bireysel hakk\u0131n birlikte g\u00f6zetilmesi gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n
Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Kanunu kapsam\u0131nda kalan ta\u015f\u0131nmazlarda yap\u0131la\u015fma s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131 uygulan\u0131rken, Dan\u0131\u015ftay kararlar\u0131 m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na dair anayasal \u00e7er\u00e7eveyi esas almaktad\u0131r. Dan\u0131\u015ftay 6. Dairesi\u2019nin E. 2018\/5255, K. 2022\/2870, T. 09.03.2022 ve E. 2020\/6963, K. 2022\/6156, T. 25.05.2022 say\u0131l\u0131 kararlar\u0131nda; Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i b\u00f6lgesindeki yap\u0131la\u015fma s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lan davalarda Anayasa Mahkemesi\u2019nin m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131 kararlar\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a at\u0131fta bulunulmu\u015f ve bu haklar\u0131n kamu yarar\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle tamamen bertaraf edilemeyece\u011fi vurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u201cAnayasan\u0131n 35. maddesinde: “Herkes, m\u00fclkiyet ve miras haklar\u0131na sahiptir. Bu haklar, ancak kamu yarar\u0131 amac\u0131yla, kanunla s\u0131n\u0131rlanabilir. M\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 toplum yarar\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 olamaz.” kural\u0131na yer verilmi\u015f; temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyen 13. maddesinde ise, temel hak ve h\u00fcrriyetlerin, \u00f6zlerine dokunulmaks\u0131z\u0131n yaln\u0131zca Anayasan\u0131n ilgili maddelerinde belirtilen sebeplere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ve ancak kanunla s\u0131n\u0131rlanabilece\u011fi, bu s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131n, Anayasan\u0131n s\u00f6z\u00fcne ve ruhuna, demokratik toplum d\u00fczeninin ve laik Cumhuriyetin gereklerine ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 olamayaca\u011f\u0131 vurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Keza Anayasan\u0131n 90. maddesi uyar\u0131nca uygun bulunan ve i\u00e7 hukukun bir par\u00e7as\u0131 halini alan Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin 1 nolu Ek Protokol\u00fcn\u00fcn “M\u00fclkiyetin korunmas\u0131” ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 1. maddesinde de: “Her ger\u00e7ek ve t\u00fczel ki\u015finin mal ve m\u00fclk dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131na sayg\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmesini isteme hakk\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bir kimse, ancak kamu yarar\u0131 sebebiyle ve yasada \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen ko\u015fullara ve uluslararas\u0131 hukukun genel ilkelerine uygun olarak mal ve m\u00fclk\u00fcnden yoksun b\u0131rak\u0131labilir.” h\u00fckm\u00fc yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u201c\u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesi elveri\u015flilik, gereklilik ve orant\u0131l\u0131l\u0131k olmak \u00fczere \u00fc\u00e7 alt ilkeden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Elveri\u015flilik \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen m\u00fcdahalenin ula\u015f\u0131lmak istenen amac\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmeye elveri\u015fli olmas\u0131n\u0131, gereklilik ula\u015f\u0131lmak istenen ama\u00e7 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan m\u00fcdahalenin zorunlu olmas\u0131n\u0131 yani ayn\u0131 amaca daha hafif bir m\u00fcdahale ile ula\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmamas\u0131n\u0131, orant\u0131l\u0131l\u0131k ise bireyin hakk\u0131na yap\u0131lan m\u00fcdahale ile ula\u015f\u0131lmak istenen ama\u00e7 aras\u0131nda makul bir dengenin g\u00f6zetilmesi gereklili\u011fini ifade etmektedir.\u201d (AYM, E.2011\/111, K.2012\/56, 11\/4\/2012; E.2014\/176, K.2015\/53, 27\/5\/2015; E.2016\/13, K.2016\/127, 22\/6\/2016; Mehmet Akdo\u011fan ve di\u011ferleri, B. No: 2013\/817, 19\/12\/2013, \u00a7 38).<\/p>\n
\u201cOrant\u0131l\u0131l\u0131k ilkesi gere\u011fi ki\u015filerin m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde elde edilmek istenen kamu yarar\u0131 ile bireyin haklar\u0131 aras\u0131nda adil bir dengenin kurulmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Bu adil denge, ba\u015fvurucunun \u015fahsi olarak a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 bir y\u00fcke katland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tespit edilmesi durumunda bozulmu\u015f olacakt\u0131r. M\u00fcdahalenin orant\u0131l\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirirken Anayasa Mahkemesi; bir taraftan ula\u015f\u0131lmak istenen me\u015fru amac\u0131n \u00f6nemini, di\u011fer taraftan da m\u00fcdahalenin niteli\u011fini, ba\u015fvurucunun ve kamu otoritelerinin davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6z\u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurarak ba\u015fvurucuya y\u00fcklenen k\u00fclfeti dikkate alacakt\u0131r.\u201d (Arif G\u00fcven, B. No: 2014\/13966, 15\/2\/2017, \u00a7\u00a7 58, 60; Osman Ukav, B. No: 2014\/12501, 6\/7\/2017, \u00a7 71).<\/p>\n
4) Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Alan\u0131nda Yer Alan Yap\u0131lar \u0130\u00e7in D\u00fczenlenen Yap\u0131 Kay\u0131t Belgelerinin Durumu Nedir?<\/p>\n
Kamuda imar bar\u0131\u015f\u0131 olarak bilinen 3194 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130mar Kanunu\u2019nun Ge\u00e7ici 16. maddesi ile, \u201c(\u2026) Yap\u0131 Kay\u0131t Belgesi verilen yap\u0131larla ilgili bu Kanun ve 2960 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun uyar\u0131nca al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f y\u0131k\u0131m kararlar\u0131 ile tahsil edilemeyen idari para cezalar\u0131 iptal edilir. (\u2026) Bu madde h\u00fck\u00fcmleri, 18\/11\/1983 tarihli ve 2960 say\u0131l\u0131 Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Kanununda tan\u0131mlanan Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i sahil \u015feridi ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgesi i\u00e7inde ekli kroki ile listede s\u0131n\u0131r ve koordinatlar\u0131 g\u00f6sterilen alan ile \u0130stanbul tarihi yar\u0131mada i\u00e7inde ekli kroki ile listede s\u0131n\u0131r ve koordinatlar\u0131 g\u00f6sterilen alanlarda ve ayr\u0131ca 19\/6\/2014 tarihli ve 6546 say\u0131l\u0131 \u00c7anakkale Sava\u015flar\u0131 Gelibolu Tarihi Alan Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kurulmas\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Kanunun 2 nci maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (e) bendinde belirlenmi\u015f Tarihi Alanda uygulanmaz. (\u2026)\u201d h\u00fck\u00fcmleri getirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
An\u0131lan h\u00fck\u00fcmler ile, Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i sahil \u015feridi ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgesi i\u00e7inde olup, bu Yasa ile eklenen kroki ile listede s\u0131n\u0131r ve koordinatlar\u0131 g\u00f6sterilen alanlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan baz\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar i\u00e7in, getirilen bu d\u00fczenlemeden yararlanma ve Yap\u0131 Kay\u0131t Belgesi d\u00fczenlenme hakk\u0131 tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ancak an\u0131lan Yasa h\u00fckm\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131lan iptal ba\u015fvurusunda Anayasa Mahkemesinin 24\/09\/2020 tarihli ve E:2019\/21, K:2020\/51 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131yla; 3194 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130mar Kanunu\u2019nun ge\u00e7ici 16. maddesinin d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131na eklenen \u201c\u2026ve 2960 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2026\u201d ibaresinin ve bu maddeye ba\u011fl\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirilen 18\/11\/1983 tarihli ve 2960 say\u0131l\u0131 Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Kanunu\u2019nda tan\u0131mlanan Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i sahil \u015feridi ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgesine ait Kroki ile S\u0131n\u0131r ve Koordinat Listesi\u2019nin Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 olduklar\u0131na ve iptallerine karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Bu ba\u011flamda, 3194 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130mar Kanunu\u2019nun Ge\u00e7ici 16. maddesinin ilk hali ile Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i sahil \u015feridi ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgesi i\u00e7in getirilen, bu d\u00fczenlemeden yararlanma ve Yap\u0131 Kay\u0131t Belgesi d\u00fczenlenme hakk\u0131, Anayasa Mahkemesinin an\u0131lan karar\u0131yla iptal edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Bu konuyu Anayasa Mahkemesi karar\u0131 sonras\u0131 \u201cBo\u011fazi\u00e7i Sahil \u015eeridi ve \u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm B\u00f6lgesinde\u201d yer alan ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 \u201cGeri G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm B\u00f6lgesi ve Etkilenme B\u00f6lgesinde\u201d yer alan ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendirmek gerekir.<\/p>\n
a) \u201cBo\u011fazi\u00e7i Sahil \u015eeridi ve \u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm B\u00f6lgesinde\u201d Yer Alan Ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar \u0130\u00e7in D\u00fczenlenen Yap\u0131 Kay\u0131t Belgelerinin G\u00fcncel \u0130dari Yarg\u0131 Kararlar\u0131 \u00c7er\u00e7evesinde De\u011ferlendirmesi<\/p>\n
Anayasa Mahkemesinin an\u0131lan karar\u0131 sonras\u0131 3194 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130mar Kanunu\u2019nun ge\u00e7ici 16. maddesinin d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131na eklenen \u201c\u2026ve 2960 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2026\u201d ibaresinin ve bu maddeye ba\u011fl\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirilen 18\/11\/1983 tarihli ve 2960 say\u0131l\u0131 Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Kanunu\u2019nda tan\u0131mlanan Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i sahil \u015feridi ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgesine ait Kroki ile S\u0131n\u0131r ve Koordinat Listesi\u2019nin iptaline karar verildi\u011finden, 2960 say\u0131l\u0131 Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Kanunu\u2019nda tan\u0131mlanan Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i sahil \u015feridi ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgesinde yer alan ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar\u0131n 3194 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130mar Kanunu\u2019nun ge\u00e7ici 16. maddesinden yararlanma ve bu ta\u015f\u0131nmazlara Yap\u0131 Kay\u0131t Belgesi d\u00fczenlenme hakk\u0131 ortadan kalkm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu konuda g\u00fcncel idari yarg\u0131 kararlar\u0131, Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i sahil \u015feridi ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgesinde yer al\u0131p yap\u0131 kay\u0131t belgesi d\u00fczenlenen ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar i\u00e7in, bu yap\u0131 kay\u0131t belgelerinin bir hak do\u011furmayaca\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndedir.<\/p>\n
\u0130stanbul B\u00f6lge \u0130dare Mahkemesi 5. \u0130dari Dava Dairesinin 9.9.2020 tarihli ve E:2020\/503, K:2020\/1221 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda; \u201c(\u2026) Ruhsats\u0131z yap\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n 2960 say\u0131l\u0131 Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Kanununda tan\u0131mlanan Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i sahil \u015feridi ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgesi i\u00e7inde 3194 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130mar Kanununa eklenen Ge\u00e7ici 16. maddeye ekli kroki ile listede s\u0131n\u0131r ve koordinatlar\u0131 g\u00f6sterilen alan ile \u0130stanbul tarihi yar\u0131mada i\u00e7inde ekli kroki ile listede s\u0131n\u0131r ve koordinatlar\u0131 g\u00f6sterilen alanlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kal\u0131p kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lamamakla birlikte, y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckteki 1\/1000 \u00f6l\u00e7ekli Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Sahil \u015eeridi ve \u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm B\u00f6lgesi Uygulama \u0130mar Plan\u0131nda k\u0131smen sosyal donat\u0131 alan\u0131 olarak belirlendi\u011fi ve s\u00f6z konusu plan\u0131n kesinle\u015fmi\u015f oldu\u011fu, kesinle\u015fmi\u015f 1\/1000 \u00f6l\u00e7ekli Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Sahil \u015eeridi ve \u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm B\u00f6lgesi Uygulama \u0130mar Plan\u0131nda k\u0131smen sosyal donat\u0131 alan\u0131 olarak belirlenmi\u015f olan ta\u015f\u0131nmaz \u00fczerinde yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 sabit olan yap\u0131lar\u0131n ise Ge\u00e7ici 16.madde ile sa\u011flanan haklardan yararlanma imkan\u0131 bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kabul\u00fc gerekmektedir. Bu durumda, kesinle\u015fmi\u015f planlar neticesinde sosyal donat\u0131 alan\u0131 olarak belirlenmi\u015f ta\u015f\u0131nmaz \u00fczerinde bulunan yap\u0131n\u0131n Ge\u00e7ici 16. madde kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u0130dare Mahkemesince; uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n esas\u0131n\u0131n incelenmesi suretiyle bir karar verilmesi gerekirken, i\u015fleme konu yap\u0131 i\u00e7in 3194 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunun Ge\u00e7ici 16. maddesi uyar\u0131nca yap\u0131 kay\u0131t belgesi d\u00fczenlendi\u011finden bahisle dava konusu i\u015flemin iptaline karar verilmesinde hukuki isabet g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.\u201d denilmek suretiyle, ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n yap\u0131 kay\u0131t belgesi oldu\u011fundan bahisle idare mahkemesince verilen iptal karar\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Sahil \u015eeridi ve \u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm B\u00f6lgesinde yer alan ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n 3194 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un Ge\u00e7ici 16. maddesi kapsam\u0131nda olmayaca\u011f\u0131 ve bu ta\u015f\u0131nmaz i\u00e7in d\u00fczenlenen yap\u0131 kay\u0131t belgesinin de bu durumu de\u011fi\u015ftirmeyece\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Yine \u0130stanbul B\u00f6lge \u0130dare Mahkemesi 5. \u0130dari Dava Dairesinin 17.12.2019 tarihli ve E:2019\/988 K:2019\/3729 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda; ” …..dosya kapsam\u0131 ve bilirki\u015fi raporundaki veriler dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, dava konusu yap\u0131da 16.10.2017 tarih, 001416 nolu yap\u0131 tatil tutana\u011f\u0131 ile tespit edilen ayk\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131n mevcut oldu\u011fu, yap\u0131 tatil tutana\u011f\u0131n\u0131n fiili durumu g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi, yap\u0131n\u0131n 1\/1000 \u00f6l\u00e7ekli Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Sahi \u015eeridi ve \u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm B\u00f6lgesi Uygulama \u0130mar Plan\u0131nda konut alan\u0131nda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu kapsamda Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i \u0130mar Kanunu \u00e7er\u00e7evesindeki Kanun, Y\u00f6netmelik ve planlara tabi alanda yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n kullan\u0131m alan\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131ran etkisi nedeniyle ruhsat gerektiren imalatlar oldu\u011fu, dava konusu parselin bulundu\u011fu yerdeki \u0130mar Plan\u0131, y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckteki plan ve notlar\u0131 gere\u011fince ruhsata ba\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hususlar\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, dava konusu ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n ayk\u0131r\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131na y\u00f6nelik tesis olunan dava konusu Enc\u00fcmen Karar\u0131nda hukuka ve mevzuata ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131,…Yap\u0131 Kay\u0131t Belgelerinin ilgili Kurumlarca herhangi bir inceleme ve de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131nmaz ilgilisinin beyan\u0131na dayal\u0131 olarak d\u00fczenlendi\u011fi, yap\u0131 kay\u0131t ba\u015fvurusu hakk\u0131nda, daval\u0131 idarece, ta\u015f\u0131nmaza ili\u015fkin ruhsata ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131klar nedeniyle verilen y\u0131k\u0131m ve para cezalar\u0131n\u0131n iptal edilip edilmemesi konusunda, ilgili mevzuat \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde bir inceleme ve de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra bir karar verilece\u011fi, bu sebeple, bu a\u015famada, Mahkemece salt dosyaya Yap\u0131 Kay\u0131t Belgesi sunuldu\u011fundan dolay\u0131 dava konusu y\u0131k\u0131m i\u015fleminin iptaline karar verilemeyece\u011fi\u201d gerek\u00e7esi ile davan\u0131n reddi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde verilen idare mahkemesi karar\u0131na yap\u0131lan istinaf ba\u015fvurusu reddedilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere idari yarg\u0131 mercilerince, Anayasa Mahkemesinin an\u0131lan iptal karar\u0131 \u00f6ncesinde de Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Sahil \u015eeridi ve \u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm B\u00f6lgesinde yer alan ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar\u0131n 3194 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un Ge\u00e7ici 16. maddesi kapsam\u0131nda olmayaca\u011f\u0131 ve bu ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar i\u00e7in d\u00fczenlenen yap\u0131 kay\u0131t belgesinin de bu durumu de\u011fi\u015ftirmeyece\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde kararlar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
b) \u201cBo\u011fazi\u00e7i Sahil \u015eeridi ve \u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm B\u00f6lgesinde\u201d Yer Alan Ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar \u0130\u00e7in D\u00fczenlenen Yap\u0131 Kay\u0131t Belgelerinin Ge\u00e7mi\u015f Dan\u0131\u015ftay Kararlar\u0131 \u00c7er\u00e7evesinde Kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Hak Y\u00f6n\u00fcnden De\u011ferlendirilmesi<\/p>\n
Dan\u0131\u015ftay 1. Dairesinin 19.12.1988 tarihli ve E:1988\/336, K:1988\/355 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda; \u201c18.11.1983 g\u00fcn ve 2960 say\u0131l\u0131 Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Kanununun 3.5.1985 g\u00fcn ve 3194 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130mar Kanununun 47 inci maddesiyle de\u011fi\u015fik 3 \u00fcnc\u00fc maddesinin ( g ) bendinde yer alan h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin ve ayn\u0131 Yasan\u0131n ge\u00e7ici 7 inci maddesinin 1 inci f\u0131kras\u0131 h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn Anayasa Mahkemesince iptal edilmesi \u00fczerine, 3194 Say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunun y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011fi 9.5.1985 g\u00fcn\u00fcnden Anayasa Mahkemesince iptal karar\u0131n\u0131n verildi\u011fi 11.12.1986 g\u00fcn\u00fcne kadar olan s\u00fcreyle Anayasa Mahkemesince iptal karar\u0131n\u0131n verildi\u011fi 11.12.1986 g\u00fcn\u00fcnden ilan edildi\u011fi 18.4.1987 g\u00fcn\u00fcne kadar olan s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgesinde ruhsat alan ve konut yapan ilgililerin in\u015faatlar\u0131n\u0131n durumlar\u0131na g\u00f6re kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f haklar\u0131n saptanmas\u0131 ve ayr\u0131ca Anayasa Mahkemesince iptal edilen ve Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgesindeki yap\u0131lara imar aff\u0131 getiren 3194 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasan\u0131n Ge\u00e7ici 7 inci maddesinin 1 inci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n da uygulama ve m\u00fcktesep hak y\u00f6n\u00fcnden de\u011ferlendirilmesi\u201d hususlar\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015f ve bu konuda a\u015famal\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f bildirilmi\u015ftir. Buna g\u00f6re;<\/p>\n
\u201c(\u2026)3194 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130mar Kanunu\u2019nun y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011fi 9.5.1985 g\u00fcn\u00fcnden Anayasa Mahkemesinin iptal karar\u0131n\u0131n verildi\u011fi 11.12.1986 g\u00fcnleri aras\u0131nda (\u2026) yap\u0131 ruhsat\u0131 verilmi\u015f ve in\u015faata ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015f ve 18.4.1987 tarihine kadar in\u015faat\u0131 tamamlanm\u0131\u015f yap\u0131lar, ilgilileri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte olan yasa h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine g\u00f6re kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hak olu\u015fturdu\u011fundan bu haklar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 gerekece\u011fi, bu s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lan i\u015flemler, (yap\u0131 ruhsat\u0131, yap\u0131 kullanma izni vb.) daha sonra Anayasa Mahkemesince iptal edilmi\u015f bir Yasaya dayal\u0131 olsalar bile, Yasan\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u0131ras\u0131nda ve Yasaya uygun olarak yap\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131ndan, 18.4.1987 tarihine kadar bitirilmi\u015f yap\u0131lar\u0131n dayanaklar\u0131 olan ve yap\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 anda y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte bulunan hukuka uygun i\u015flemlerin geri al\u0131nmalar\u0131na, di\u011fer bir anlat\u0131mla, idare i\u015flemlerin yap\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 andan itibaren b\u00fct\u00fcn hukuki sonu\u00e7lar\u0131yla birlikte ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmalar\u0131na hukuki olanak bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d<\/p>\n
\u201c9.5.1985-11.12.1986 g\u00fcnleri aras\u0131ndaki s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde in\u015faata ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f olmakla birlikte hen\u00fcz in\u015faatlar\u0131 tamamlanmam\u0131\u015f yap\u0131lar y\u00f6n\u00fcnden durumun 18.4.1987 tarihi g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131narak yap\u0131lar\u0131n ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilerek korunmas\u0131 gerekli bir hakk\u0131n mevcut olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n saptanmas\u0131 gerekece\u011fi\u201d<\/p>\n
\u201cBug\u00fcne de\u011fin hi\u00e7 in\u015faata ba\u015flanmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 halinde ise ilgililer lehine kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir haktan s\u00f6z edilemeyece\u011fi\u201d<\/p>\n
\u201c11.12.1986 tarihinde Anayasa Mahkemesi karar\u0131n\u0131n duyuruldu\u011fu g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda; iptal edildi\u011fi bilinen bir kanuna g\u00f6re verilmi\u015f imar ruhsatlar\u0131na dayal\u0131 in\u015faatlar s\u00f6z konusu olaca\u011f\u0131ndan, idarenin bu tarihten sonra yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015flemlerin hukuka uygun oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenemez, ancak, bu t\u00fcr i\u015flemlerin dahi subjektif sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 oldu\u011fu yads\u0131namaz. \u0130dare i\u015flemin geri al\u0131nmas\u0131 teorisinin uygulama alan\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda i\u015flemin hak do\u011furup do\u011furmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 da hukuka uygunlu\u011fu kadar \u00f6nemlidir. (\u2026) Bunlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki idarenin baz\u0131 hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 i\u015flemlerinin, hukuka uygun olmasalar bile ilgili lehine yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hukuki durumlar\u0131n belli bir s\u00fcreden sonra de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi idarenin istikrar\u0131 ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fer. Bu i\u015flemler hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 olsalar bile yarg\u0131sal ba\u015fvurma s\u00fcresi ge\u00e7irildikten sonra hukuki sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 gerekir. Bu durum idari i\u015flemin ki\u015fisel sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilkesinin do\u011fal bir sonucudur. Bu bak\u0131mdan 11.12.1986-18.4.1987 g\u00fcnleri aras\u0131nda imar ruhsat\u0131 verilmi\u015f ve bu s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde in\u015faatlar\u0131 tamamlanm\u0131\u015f yap\u0131lar\u0131n ilgilileri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden yukar\u0131daki esaslar g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131narak ve hukuk d\u00fczeninde korunmaya de\u011fer bir hakk\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n saptanmas\u0131 ko\u015fuluyla hukuki durumlar\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekece\u011fi, 11.12.1986-18.4.1987 g\u00fcnleri aras\u0131nda imar ruhsat\u0131 verilmesine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k in\u015faatlar\u0131 an\u0131lan s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde tamamlanmam\u0131\u015f yap\u0131larda da, subjektif hakk\u0131n do\u011fumunun saptanmas\u0131 ve ilgilileri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden korunmaya de\u011fer bulundu\u011fu nispette hukuki sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilmesi yolunda i\u015flemler yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekece\u011fi\u201d y\u00f6n\u00fcnde g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ve karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
An\u0131lan kararda \u00f6zetle; Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgesinde yer alan yap\u0131lara ruhsat verilmesine ili\u015fkin Yasa d\u00fczenlemesinin Anayasa Mahkemesi karar\u0131 ile iptal edilmesi \u00fczerine, yap\u0131 ruhsat\u0131 alan ki\u015filerin kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f haklar\u0131 Dan\u0131\u015ftay taraf\u0131ndan a\u015famal\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015f olup, buna g\u00f6re;<\/p>\n
– S\u00f6z konusu Kanun\u2019un y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011fi tarih ile Anayasa Mahkemesinin iptal karar\u0131n\u0131n verildi\u011fi tarih aras\u0131nda, yap\u0131 ruhsat\u0131 verilmi\u015f, in\u015faata ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015f ve Anayasa Mahkemesi karar\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihe kadar in\u015faat\u0131 tamamlanm\u0131\u015f yap\u0131lar\u0131n kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f haklar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi,<\/p>\n
– S\u00f6z konusu Kanun\u2019un y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011fi tarih ile Anayasa Mahkemesinin iptal karar\u0131n\u0131n verildi\u011fi tarih aras\u0131nda, yap\u0131 ruhsat\u0131 verilmi\u015f, in\u015faata ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015f ve Anayasa Mahkemesi karar\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihe kadar in\u015faat\u0131 tamamlanmam\u0131\u015f yap\u0131lar\u0131n kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f haklar\u0131n\u0131n her yap\u0131n\u0131n kendi durumuna g\u00f6re de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekti\u011fi,<\/p>\n
– Anayasa Mahkemesinin iptal karar\u0131n\u0131n verildi\u011fi tarih ile karar\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarih aras\u0131nda verilen ruhsatlar\u0131n durumlar\u0131n\u0131n da idari istikrar ilkesi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde de\u011ferlendirilerek, yap\u0131n\u0131n tamamlanma veya in\u015faat durumuna g\u00f6re kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f haklar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ve karar verilmi\u015ftir. Dan\u0131\u015ftay 1. Dairesinin bu karar\u0131n\u0131n kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f haklar\u0131 olduk\u00e7a geni\u015f yorumlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortadad\u0131r. <\/p>\n
\u00d6te yandan, yine benzer bir olayda Dan\u0131\u015ftay 14. Dairesinin 22.05.2012 tarihli ve E:2011\/4465, K:2012\/3702 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda; \u201cm\u00fcktesep haktan bahsedebilmek i\u00e7in, yap\u0131 ruhsat\u0131n\u0131n, Anayasa Mahkemesinin iptal karar\u0131n\u0131n kamuoyuna duyuruldu\u011fu 11.12.1986 tarihinden \u00f6nce al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ve yap\u0131ya ba\u015flan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi\u201d y\u00f6n\u00fcnde karar verilerek, Anayasa Mahkemesinin iptal karar\u0131 \u00f6ncesi, iptal edilen Yasa maddesine dayan\u0131larak verilen ruhsat \u00fczerine, bu tarihten \u00f6nce yap\u0131m\u0131na ba\u015flan\u0131lan yap\u0131lar\u0131n kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f haklar\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu hususu vurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Yine benzer bir olayda Dan\u0131\u015ftay 6. Dairesinin 24.12.1991 tarihli ve E: 1991\/482, K: 1991\/3229 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda; \u201cyukar\u0131da s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen ruhsat\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemde in\u015faata ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 ve Anayasa Mahkemesinin iptal karar\u0131na kadar taraflarca ula\u015f\u0131lan seviyenin kan\u0131tlanmas\u0131 halinde bu k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hak olarak de\u011ferlendirilmesi\u201d y\u00f6n\u00fcnde karar verilerek, Anayasa Mahkemesinin iptal karar\u0131 \u00f6ncesi, iptal edilen Yasa maddesine dayan\u0131larak verilen ruhsat \u00fczerine, bu tarihten \u00f6nce yap\u0131m\u0131na ba\u015flan\u0131lan ve belli bir seviyeye gelen yap\u0131lar\u0131n kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f haklar\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Dan\u0131\u015ftay\u2019\u0131n yukar\u0131da yer verilen kararlar\u0131 \u00f6zetle; Kanun\u2019un y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011fi tarihten Anayasa Mahkemesinin iptal karar\u0131n\u0131n verdi\u011fi tarihe kadar yap\u0131 ruhsat\u0131 verilmi\u015f, in\u015faata ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015f ve belli bir seviyeye gelmi\u015f ya da tamamlanm\u0131\u015f yap\u0131lar\u0131n kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f haklar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine h\u00fckmedilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Bu kararlar kapsam\u0131nda, \u201cBo\u011fazi\u00e7i Sahil \u015eeridi ve \u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm B\u00f6lgesinde\u201d yer alan ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar i\u00e7in d\u00fczenlenen yap\u0131 kay\u0131t belgelerinin kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hak kapsam\u0131nda olup olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n her bir ta\u015f\u0131nmaz \u00f6zelinde de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
c) \u201cGeri G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm B\u00f6lgesi ve Etkilenme B\u00f6lgesinde\u201d Yer Alan Ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar \u0130\u00e7in D\u00fczenlenen Yap\u0131 Kay\u0131t Belgelerinin G\u00fcncel \u0130dari Yarg\u0131 Kararlar\u0131 \u00c7er\u00e7evesinde De\u011ferlendirmesi<\/p>\n
Anayasa Mahkemesinin an\u0131lan iptal karar\u0131n\u0131n \u201cGeri G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm B\u00f6lgesi ve Etkilenme B\u00f6lgesinde\u201d yer alan ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar i\u00e7in d\u00fczenlenen Yap\u0131 Kay\u0131t Belgelerinin hukuki durumunu olumsuz etkilemeyece\u011fini, bu belgelerin ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Nitekim idari yarg\u0131 kararlar\u0131, Anayasa Mahkemesi karar\u0131 \u00f6ncesinde de s\u00f6z konusu Yap\u0131 Kay\u0131t Belgelerinin ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcndedir. Bu hususu genel olarak ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011fu \u015feklinde belirtmek daha yerinde olacakt\u0131r. Nitekim Yap\u0131 Kay\u0131t Belgesinin iptalini gerektiren di\u011fer hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k nedenleri varsa elbette idarece iptal edilebilecektir.<\/p>\n
Dan\u0131\u015ftay 6. Dairesinin 9.11.2022 tarihli ve E:2020\/9552, K:2022\/9367 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda; \u201cUyu\u015fmazl\u0131kta, Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i “gerig\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm” ve “etkilenme” b\u00f6lgesinde, \u0130stanbul \u0130li, Sar\u0131yer \u0130l\u00e7esi, \u2026 ada, \u2026 say\u0131l\u0131 parsel \u00fczerindeki yap\u0131ya ili\u015fkin 28\/08\/2018 tarihli yap\u0131 kay\u0131t belgesinin bulundu\u011fu, 2960 say\u0131l\u0131 Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Kanununun 11. maddesi uyar\u0131nca \u2026 tarih ve \u2026 s\u0131ra numaral\u0131 yap\u0131 tatil tutana\u011f\u0131 d\u00fczenlenmesi \u00fczerine, ruhsats\u0131z yap\u0131n\u0131n bir ay i\u00e7inde y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131 veya ruhsata ba\u011flanmas\u0131, aksi takdirde 2960 say\u0131l\u0131 Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Kanununun 13. maddesi uyar\u0131nca yasal i\u015flem yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin \u2026 tarih ve \u2026 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130mar ve \u015eehircilik M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u015fleminin, yap\u0131 tatil tutana\u011f\u0131n\u0131n gere\u011finin yerine getirilmesine ili\u015fkin oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, an\u0131lan i\u015flemde yetki y\u00f6n\u00fcnden mevzuata ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bununla birlikte, niteli\u011fi belirtilen dava konusu i\u015flem tarihinde ta\u015f\u0131nmazla ilgili yap\u0131 kay\u0131t belgesi mevcut oldu\u011fundan, i\u015flemden \u00f6nce yap\u0131 kay\u0131t belgesi bulunan yap\u0131 hakk\u0131nda y\u0131k\u0131m ve para cezas\u0131 kararlar\u0131 verilemeyece\u011finden, i\u015flemin ruhsats\u0131z yap\u0131n\u0131n bir ay i\u00e7inde y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131 veya ruhsata ba\u011flanmas\u0131, aksi takdirde 2960 say\u0131l\u0131 Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Kanununun 13. maddesi uyar\u0131nca yasal i\u015flem yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n iptali yolundaki \u0130dari Dava Dairesi karar\u0131nda sonucu itibar\u0131yla isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.\u201d y\u00f6n\u00fcnde karar verilerek, Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i “gerig\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm” ve “etkilenme” b\u00f6lgesinde yer alan ta\u015f\u0131nmaz hakk\u0131nda Yap\u0131 Kay\u0131t Belgesi olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen verilen y\u0131k\u0131m ve para cezas\u0131 karar\u0131 hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
SONU\u00c7:<\/p>\n
Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i b\u00f6lgesi, do\u011fal ve tarihi \u00f6zellikleri nedeniyle \u00f6zel koruma alt\u0131nda olan, ancak ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00e7ok say\u0131da ki\u015finin m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131 da ilgilendiren bir aland\u0131r. Bu nedenle hem kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zetmek hem de bireylerin anayasal haklar\u0131n\u0131 korumak b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u200bBo\u011fazi\u00e7i, do\u011fal yap\u0131s\u0131 ve tarihi \u00f6nemi nedeniyle genel imar kurallar\u0131ndan ayr\u0131larak, 2960 say\u0131l\u0131 \u00f6zel bir kanunla korunmaktad\u0131r. Kanun, b\u00f6lgeyi \u201csahil \u015feridi\u201d \u201c\u00f6n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u201d, \u201cgeri g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u201d ve \u201cetkilenme\u201d b\u00f6lgeleri olarak d\u00f6rde ay\u0131rmakta; her bir b\u00f6lge i\u00e7in yap\u0131la\u015fma ve kullan\u0131m konusunda s\u0131k\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar getirmektedir. Bu d\u00fczenlemenin amac\u0131, Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i’nin do\u011fal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel dokusunu korumakt\u0131r. Ancak bu koruma yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131, b\u00f6lgede ya\u015fayanlar\u0131n m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131 ihlal etmeyecek \u015fekilde uygulanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Mevcut de\u011ferlerin korunmas\u0131 kadar, zorunlu tadilatlar\u0131n gereksiz yere zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmamas\u0131 ve m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131labilir olmas\u0131 da \u00f6nemlidir. Bu yaz\u0131da, Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i\u2019nin imar rejimini belirleyen temel ilkeleri ele alacak; \u00f6zellikle yap\u0131 kay\u0131t belgesi bulunan yap\u0131larda kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hak meselesini, Dan\u0131\u015ftay\u2019\u0131n farkl\u0131 tarihlerde verdi\u011fi kararlar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde tart\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n
1) Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Alan\u0131 Nedir?<\/p>\n
Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i k\u0131y\u0131 ve sahil \u015feridinden, \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgesinden, geri g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgesinden ve etkilenme b\u00f6lgelerinden olu\u015fan ve s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 ve koordinatlar\u0131 2960 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanuna ekli krokide i\u015faretli olan ve 22\/7\/1983 onay tarihli naz\u0131m planda g\u00f6sterilen aland\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu kapsamda Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Alan\u0131 4 ayr\u0131 b\u00f6lgeden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bunlar k\u0131saca \u015f\u00f6yledir;<\/p>\n
a) Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Sahil \u015eeridi<\/p>\n
Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i k\u0131y\u0131 kenar \u00e7izgisi ile 22\/7\/1983 tarihli 1\/5000 \u00f6l\u00e7ekli naz\u0131m plan\u0131nda g\u00f6sterilen hat aras\u0131nda kalan b\u00f6lgedir.<\/p>\n
b) \u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm B\u00f6lgesi<\/p>\n
Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i sahil \u015feridine biti\u015fik olan ve 22\/7\/1983 tarihli 1\/1000 \u00f6l\u00e7ekli imar uygulama plan\u0131nda g\u00f6sterilen b\u00f6lgedir.<\/p>\n
c) Geri G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm B\u00f6lgesi<\/p>\n
\u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgesine biti\u015fik olan ve 22\/7\/1983 tarihli 1\/5000 \u00f6l\u00e7ekli naz\u0131m plan\u0131nda g\u00f6sterilen co\u011frafi b\u00f6lgedir.<\/p>\n
d) Etkilenme B\u00f6lgesi<\/p>\n
\u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm ve geri g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgeleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda 22\/7\/1983 tarihli ve 1\/5000 \u00f6l\u00e7ekli naz\u0131m plan\u0131nda g\u00f6sterilen ve Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i sahil \u015feridi, \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm ve geri g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgelerinden etkilenen b\u00f6lgedir.<\/p>\n
G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi 22\/7\/1983 tarihli 1\/5000 \u00f6l\u00e7ekli Naz\u0131m \u0130mar Plan\u0131 ile 1\/1000 \u00f6l\u00e7ekli Uygulama \u0130mar Plan\u0131nda g\u00f6sterilmi\u015f ve Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i k\u0131y\u0131 kenar \u00e7izgisinden i\u00e7eri do\u011fru gelindik\u00e7e de\u011fi\u015fen 4 ayr\u0131 b\u00f6lge Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Alan\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda yer almakta olup, an\u0131lan her b\u00f6lgenin imar ko\u015fullar\u0131 da ayr\u0131 olarak belirlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
2) Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Alan\u0131\u2019nda \u0130mar Uygulamalar\u0131na \u0130li\u015fkin Yetki Hangi Kurumlara Aittir?<\/p>\n
“Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Sahil \u015eeridi” ve “\u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm” b\u00f6lgelerindeki uygulamalarda \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck \u015eehir Belediye Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, “Geri g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm” ve “Etkilenme” b\u00f6lgelerindeki uygulamalarda ise ilgili \u0130l\u00e7e Belediye Ba\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131 yetkilidir.<\/p>\n
Bu ba\u011flamda \u0130stanbul\u2019un Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Alan\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda olan il\u00e7eleri; Be\u015fikta\u015f, Sar\u0131yer, Beykoz ve \u00dcsk\u00fcdar\u2019d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
3) Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Kanunu Kapsam\u0131nda Bulunan Yerler Hakk\u0131nda M\u00fclkiyet Hakk\u0131na Dair Kriterler<\/p>\n
Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Kanunu, b\u00f6lgenin do\u011fal ve tarihi dokusunu korumak amac\u0131yla yap\u0131la\u015fmay\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131r. Bu s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rmalar kamu yarar\u0131na dayansa da, Anayasa ile g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcne dokunmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Zira kamu yarar\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle yap\u0131lan her m\u00fcdahale, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesine uygun olmak zorundad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede:<\/p>\n
– K\u0131s\u0131tlaman\u0131n me\u015fru bir amaca dayanmas\u0131,<\/p>\n
– Uygulaman\u0131n zorunlu ve orant\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131,<\/p>\n
– M\u00fclkiyetin tamamen i\u015flevsiz hale gelmemesi,<\/p>\n
– \u0130darenin keyfi uygulamalardan uzak durmas\u0131,<\/p>\n
– M\u00fclkiyet sahibine hi\u00e7bir tadilat veya kullan\u0131m hakk\u0131 tan\u0131nmamas\u0131 gibi a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131n hak ihlali te\u015fkil etmemesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
Dan\u0131\u015ftay\u2019\u0131n yerle\u015fik i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131nda da, kamu yarar\u0131 amac\u0131yla yap\u0131lan m\u00fcdahalelerde m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131labilirli\u011finin tamamen ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fczl\u00fck te\u015fkil edebilece\u011fi vurgulanmaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle, koruma amac\u0131yla getirilen her yasaklay\u0131c\u0131 d\u00fczenlemede, hakkaniyetli bir denge kurulmas\u0131; hem kamu menfaatinin hem de bireysel hakk\u0131n birlikte g\u00f6zetilmesi gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n
Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Kanunu kapsam\u0131nda kalan ta\u015f\u0131nmazlarda yap\u0131la\u015fma s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131 uygulan\u0131rken, Dan\u0131\u015ftay kararlar\u0131 m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na dair anayasal \u00e7er\u00e7eveyi esas almaktad\u0131r. Dan\u0131\u015ftay 6. Dairesi\u2019nin E. 2018\/5255, K. 2022\/2870, T. 09.03.2022 ve E. 2020\/6963, K. 2022\/6156, T. 25.05.2022 say\u0131l\u0131 kararlar\u0131nda; Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i b\u00f6lgesindeki yap\u0131la\u015fma s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lan davalarda Anayasa Mahkemesi\u2019nin m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131 kararlar\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a at\u0131fta bulunulmu\u015f ve bu haklar\u0131n kamu yarar\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle tamamen bertaraf edilemeyece\u011fi vurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u201cAnayasan\u0131n 35. maddesinde: “Herkes, m\u00fclkiyet ve miras haklar\u0131na sahiptir. Bu haklar, ancak kamu yarar\u0131 amac\u0131yla, kanunla s\u0131n\u0131rlanabilir. M\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 toplum yarar\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 olamaz.” kural\u0131na yer verilmi\u015f; temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyen 13. maddesinde ise, temel hak ve h\u00fcrriyetlerin, \u00f6zlerine dokunulmaks\u0131z\u0131n yaln\u0131zca Anayasan\u0131n ilgili maddelerinde belirtilen sebeplere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ve ancak kanunla s\u0131n\u0131rlanabilece\u011fi, bu s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131n, Anayasan\u0131n s\u00f6z\u00fcne ve ruhuna, demokratik toplum d\u00fczeninin ve laik Cumhuriyetin gereklerine ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 olamayaca\u011f\u0131 vurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Keza Anayasan\u0131n 90. maddesi uyar\u0131nca uygun bulunan ve i\u00e7 hukukun bir par\u00e7as\u0131 halini alan Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin 1 nolu Ek Protokol\u00fcn\u00fcn “M\u00fclkiyetin korunmas\u0131” ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 1. maddesinde de: “Her ger\u00e7ek ve t\u00fczel ki\u015finin mal ve m\u00fclk dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131na sayg\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmesini isteme hakk\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bir kimse, ancak kamu yarar\u0131 sebebiyle ve yasada \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen ko\u015fullara ve uluslararas\u0131 hukukun genel ilkelerine uygun olarak mal ve m\u00fclk\u00fcnden yoksun b\u0131rak\u0131labilir.” h\u00fckm\u00fc yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u201c\u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesi elveri\u015flilik, gereklilik ve orant\u0131l\u0131l\u0131k olmak \u00fczere \u00fc\u00e7 alt ilkeden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Elveri\u015flilik \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen m\u00fcdahalenin ula\u015f\u0131lmak istenen amac\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmeye elveri\u015fli olmas\u0131n\u0131, gereklilik ula\u015f\u0131lmak istenen ama\u00e7 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan m\u00fcdahalenin zorunlu olmas\u0131n\u0131 yani ayn\u0131 amaca daha hafif bir m\u00fcdahale ile ula\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmamas\u0131n\u0131, orant\u0131l\u0131l\u0131k ise bireyin hakk\u0131na yap\u0131lan m\u00fcdahale ile ula\u015f\u0131lmak istenen ama\u00e7 aras\u0131nda makul bir dengenin g\u00f6zetilmesi gereklili\u011fini ifade etmektedir.\u201d (AYM, E.2011\/111, K.2012\/56, 11\/4\/2012; E.2014\/176, K.2015\/53, 27\/5\/2015; E.2016\/13, K.2016\/127, 22\/6\/2016; Mehmet Akdo\u011fan ve di\u011ferleri, B. No: 2013\/817, 19\/12\/2013, \u00a7 38).<\/p>\n
\u201cOrant\u0131l\u0131l\u0131k ilkesi gere\u011fi ki\u015filerin m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde elde edilmek istenen kamu yarar\u0131 ile bireyin haklar\u0131 aras\u0131nda adil bir dengenin kurulmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Bu adil denge, ba\u015fvurucunun \u015fahsi olarak a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 bir y\u00fcke katland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tespit edilmesi durumunda bozulmu\u015f olacakt\u0131r. M\u00fcdahalenin orant\u0131l\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirirken Anayasa Mahkemesi; bir taraftan ula\u015f\u0131lmak istenen me\u015fru amac\u0131n \u00f6nemini, di\u011fer taraftan da m\u00fcdahalenin niteli\u011fini, ba\u015fvurucunun ve kamu otoritelerinin davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6z\u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurarak ba\u015fvurucuya y\u00fcklenen k\u00fclfeti dikkate alacakt\u0131r.\u201d (Arif G\u00fcven, B. No: 2014\/13966, 15\/2\/2017, \u00a7\u00a7 58, 60; Osman Ukav, B. No: 2014\/12501, 6\/7\/2017, \u00a7 71).<\/p>\n
4) Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Alan\u0131nda Yer Alan Yap\u0131lar \u0130\u00e7in D\u00fczenlenen Yap\u0131 Kay\u0131t Belgelerinin Durumu Nedir?<\/p>\n
Kamuda imar bar\u0131\u015f\u0131 olarak bilinen 3194 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130mar Kanunu\u2019nun Ge\u00e7ici 16. maddesi ile, \u201c(\u2026) Yap\u0131 Kay\u0131t Belgesi verilen yap\u0131larla ilgili bu Kanun ve 2960 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun uyar\u0131nca al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f y\u0131k\u0131m kararlar\u0131 ile tahsil edilemeyen idari para cezalar\u0131 iptal edilir. (\u2026) Bu madde h\u00fck\u00fcmleri, 18\/11\/1983 tarihli ve 2960 say\u0131l\u0131 Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Kanununda tan\u0131mlanan Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i sahil \u015feridi ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgesi i\u00e7inde ekli kroki ile listede s\u0131n\u0131r ve koordinatlar\u0131 g\u00f6sterilen alan ile \u0130stanbul tarihi yar\u0131mada i\u00e7inde ekli kroki ile listede s\u0131n\u0131r ve koordinatlar\u0131 g\u00f6sterilen alanlarda ve ayr\u0131ca 19\/6\/2014 tarihli ve 6546 say\u0131l\u0131 \u00c7anakkale Sava\u015flar\u0131 Gelibolu Tarihi Alan Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kurulmas\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Kanunun 2 nci maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (e) bendinde belirlenmi\u015f Tarihi Alanda uygulanmaz. (\u2026)\u201d h\u00fck\u00fcmleri getirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
An\u0131lan h\u00fck\u00fcmler ile, Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i sahil \u015feridi ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgesi i\u00e7inde olup, bu Yasa ile eklenen kroki ile listede s\u0131n\u0131r ve koordinatlar\u0131 g\u00f6sterilen alanlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan baz\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar i\u00e7in, getirilen bu d\u00fczenlemeden yararlanma ve Yap\u0131 Kay\u0131t Belgesi d\u00fczenlenme hakk\u0131 tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ancak an\u0131lan Yasa h\u00fckm\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131lan iptal ba\u015fvurusunda Anayasa Mahkemesinin 24\/09\/2020 tarihli ve E:2019\/21, K:2020\/51 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131yla; 3194 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130mar Kanunu\u2019nun ge\u00e7ici 16. maddesinin d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131na eklenen \u201c\u2026ve 2960 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2026\u201d ibaresinin ve bu maddeye ba\u011fl\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirilen 18\/11\/1983 tarihli ve 2960 say\u0131l\u0131 Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Kanunu\u2019nda tan\u0131mlanan Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i sahil \u015feridi ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgesine ait Kroki ile S\u0131n\u0131r ve Koordinat Listesi\u2019nin Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 olduklar\u0131na ve iptallerine karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Bu ba\u011flamda, 3194 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130mar Kanunu\u2019nun Ge\u00e7ici 16. maddesinin ilk hali ile Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i sahil \u015feridi ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgesi i\u00e7in getirilen, bu d\u00fczenlemeden yararlanma ve Yap\u0131 Kay\u0131t Belgesi d\u00fczenlenme hakk\u0131, Anayasa Mahkemesinin an\u0131lan karar\u0131yla iptal edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Bu konuyu Anayasa Mahkemesi karar\u0131 sonras\u0131 \u201cBo\u011fazi\u00e7i Sahil \u015eeridi ve \u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm B\u00f6lgesinde\u201d yer alan ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 \u201cGeri G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm B\u00f6lgesi ve Etkilenme B\u00f6lgesinde\u201d yer alan ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendirmek gerekir.<\/p>\n
a) \u201cBo\u011fazi\u00e7i Sahil \u015eeridi ve \u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm B\u00f6lgesinde\u201d Yer Alan Ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar \u0130\u00e7in D\u00fczenlenen Yap\u0131 Kay\u0131t Belgelerinin G\u00fcncel \u0130dari Yarg\u0131 Kararlar\u0131 \u00c7er\u00e7evesinde De\u011ferlendirmesi<\/p>\n
Anayasa Mahkemesinin an\u0131lan karar\u0131 sonras\u0131 3194 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130mar Kanunu\u2019nun ge\u00e7ici 16. maddesinin d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131na eklenen \u201c\u2026ve 2960 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2026\u201d ibaresinin ve bu maddeye ba\u011fl\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirilen 18\/11\/1983 tarihli ve 2960 say\u0131l\u0131 Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Kanunu\u2019nda tan\u0131mlanan Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i sahil \u015feridi ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgesine ait Kroki ile S\u0131n\u0131r ve Koordinat Listesi\u2019nin iptaline karar verildi\u011finden, 2960 say\u0131l\u0131 Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Kanunu\u2019nda tan\u0131mlanan Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i sahil \u015feridi ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgesinde yer alan ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar\u0131n 3194 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130mar Kanunu\u2019nun ge\u00e7ici 16. maddesinden yararlanma ve bu ta\u015f\u0131nmazlara Yap\u0131 Kay\u0131t Belgesi d\u00fczenlenme hakk\u0131 ortadan kalkm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu konuda g\u00fcncel idari yarg\u0131 kararlar\u0131, Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i sahil \u015feridi ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgesinde yer al\u0131p yap\u0131 kay\u0131t belgesi d\u00fczenlenen ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar i\u00e7in, bu yap\u0131 kay\u0131t belgelerinin bir hak do\u011furmayaca\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndedir.<\/p>\n
\u0130stanbul B\u00f6lge \u0130dare Mahkemesi 5. \u0130dari Dava Dairesinin 9.9.2020 tarihli ve E:2020\/503, K:2020\/1221 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda; \u201c(\u2026) Ruhsats\u0131z yap\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n 2960 say\u0131l\u0131 Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Kanununda tan\u0131mlanan Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i sahil \u015feridi ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgesi i\u00e7inde 3194 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130mar Kanununa eklenen Ge\u00e7ici 16. maddeye ekli kroki ile listede s\u0131n\u0131r ve koordinatlar\u0131 g\u00f6sterilen alan ile \u0130stanbul tarihi yar\u0131mada i\u00e7inde ekli kroki ile listede s\u0131n\u0131r ve koordinatlar\u0131 g\u00f6sterilen alanlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kal\u0131p kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lamamakla birlikte, y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckteki 1\/1000 \u00f6l\u00e7ekli Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Sahil \u015eeridi ve \u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm B\u00f6lgesi Uygulama \u0130mar Plan\u0131nda k\u0131smen sosyal donat\u0131 alan\u0131 olarak belirlendi\u011fi ve s\u00f6z konusu plan\u0131n kesinle\u015fmi\u015f oldu\u011fu, kesinle\u015fmi\u015f 1\/1000 \u00f6l\u00e7ekli Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Sahil \u015eeridi ve \u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm B\u00f6lgesi Uygulama \u0130mar Plan\u0131nda k\u0131smen sosyal donat\u0131 alan\u0131 olarak belirlenmi\u015f olan ta\u015f\u0131nmaz \u00fczerinde yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 sabit olan yap\u0131lar\u0131n ise Ge\u00e7ici 16.madde ile sa\u011flanan haklardan yararlanma imkan\u0131 bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kabul\u00fc gerekmektedir. Bu durumda, kesinle\u015fmi\u015f planlar neticesinde sosyal donat\u0131 alan\u0131 olarak belirlenmi\u015f ta\u015f\u0131nmaz \u00fczerinde bulunan yap\u0131n\u0131n Ge\u00e7ici 16. madde kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u0130dare Mahkemesince; uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n esas\u0131n\u0131n incelenmesi suretiyle bir karar verilmesi gerekirken, i\u015fleme konu yap\u0131 i\u00e7in 3194 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunun Ge\u00e7ici 16. maddesi uyar\u0131nca yap\u0131 kay\u0131t belgesi d\u00fczenlendi\u011finden bahisle dava konusu i\u015flemin iptaline karar verilmesinde hukuki isabet g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.\u201d denilmek suretiyle, ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n yap\u0131 kay\u0131t belgesi oldu\u011fundan bahisle idare mahkemesince verilen iptal karar\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Sahil \u015eeridi ve \u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm B\u00f6lgesinde yer alan ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n 3194 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un Ge\u00e7ici 16. maddesi kapsam\u0131nda olmayaca\u011f\u0131 ve bu ta\u015f\u0131nmaz i\u00e7in d\u00fczenlenen yap\u0131 kay\u0131t belgesinin de bu durumu de\u011fi\u015ftirmeyece\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Yine \u0130stanbul B\u00f6lge \u0130dare Mahkemesi 5. \u0130dari Dava Dairesinin 17.12.2019 tarihli ve E:2019\/988 K:2019\/3729 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda; ” …..dosya kapsam\u0131 ve bilirki\u015fi raporundaki veriler dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, dava konusu yap\u0131da 16.10.2017 tarih, 001416 nolu yap\u0131 tatil tutana\u011f\u0131 ile tespit edilen ayk\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131n mevcut oldu\u011fu, yap\u0131 tatil tutana\u011f\u0131n\u0131n fiili durumu g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi, yap\u0131n\u0131n 1\/1000 \u00f6l\u00e7ekli Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Sahi \u015eeridi ve \u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm B\u00f6lgesi Uygulama \u0130mar Plan\u0131nda konut alan\u0131nda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu kapsamda Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i \u0130mar Kanunu \u00e7er\u00e7evesindeki Kanun, Y\u00f6netmelik ve planlara tabi alanda yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n kullan\u0131m alan\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131ran etkisi nedeniyle ruhsat gerektiren imalatlar oldu\u011fu, dava konusu parselin bulundu\u011fu yerdeki \u0130mar Plan\u0131, y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckteki plan ve notlar\u0131 gere\u011fince ruhsata ba\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hususlar\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, dava konusu ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n ayk\u0131r\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131na y\u00f6nelik tesis olunan dava konusu Enc\u00fcmen Karar\u0131nda hukuka ve mevzuata ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131,…Yap\u0131 Kay\u0131t Belgelerinin ilgili Kurumlarca herhangi bir inceleme ve de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131nmaz ilgilisinin beyan\u0131na dayal\u0131 olarak d\u00fczenlendi\u011fi, yap\u0131 kay\u0131t ba\u015fvurusu hakk\u0131nda, daval\u0131 idarece, ta\u015f\u0131nmaza ili\u015fkin ruhsata ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131klar nedeniyle verilen y\u0131k\u0131m ve para cezalar\u0131n\u0131n iptal edilip edilmemesi konusunda, ilgili mevzuat \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde bir inceleme ve de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra bir karar verilece\u011fi, bu sebeple, bu a\u015famada, Mahkemece salt dosyaya Yap\u0131 Kay\u0131t Belgesi sunuldu\u011fundan dolay\u0131 dava konusu y\u0131k\u0131m i\u015fleminin iptaline karar verilemeyece\u011fi\u201d gerek\u00e7esi ile davan\u0131n reddi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde verilen idare mahkemesi karar\u0131na yap\u0131lan istinaf ba\u015fvurusu reddedilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere idari yarg\u0131 mercilerince, Anayasa Mahkemesinin an\u0131lan iptal karar\u0131 \u00f6ncesinde de Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Sahil \u015eeridi ve \u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm B\u00f6lgesinde yer alan ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar\u0131n 3194 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un Ge\u00e7ici 16. maddesi kapsam\u0131nda olmayaca\u011f\u0131 ve bu ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar i\u00e7in d\u00fczenlenen yap\u0131 kay\u0131t belgesinin de bu durumu de\u011fi\u015ftirmeyece\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde kararlar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
b) \u201cBo\u011fazi\u00e7i Sahil \u015eeridi ve \u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm B\u00f6lgesinde\u201d Yer Alan Ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar \u0130\u00e7in D\u00fczenlenen Yap\u0131 Kay\u0131t Belgelerinin Ge\u00e7mi\u015f Dan\u0131\u015ftay Kararlar\u0131 \u00c7er\u00e7evesinde Kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Hak Y\u00f6n\u00fcnden De\u011ferlendirilmesi<\/p>\n
Dan\u0131\u015ftay 1. Dairesinin 19.12.1988 tarihli ve E:1988\/336, K:1988\/355 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda; \u201c18.11.1983 g\u00fcn ve 2960 say\u0131l\u0131 Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Kanununun 3.5.1985 g\u00fcn ve 3194 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130mar Kanununun 47 inci maddesiyle de\u011fi\u015fik 3 \u00fcnc\u00fc maddesinin ( g ) bendinde yer alan h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin ve ayn\u0131 Yasan\u0131n ge\u00e7ici 7 inci maddesinin 1 inci f\u0131kras\u0131 h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn Anayasa Mahkemesince iptal edilmesi \u00fczerine, 3194 Say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunun y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011fi 9.5.1985 g\u00fcn\u00fcnden Anayasa Mahkemesince iptal karar\u0131n\u0131n verildi\u011fi 11.12.1986 g\u00fcn\u00fcne kadar olan s\u00fcreyle Anayasa Mahkemesince iptal karar\u0131n\u0131n verildi\u011fi 11.12.1986 g\u00fcn\u00fcnden ilan edildi\u011fi 18.4.1987 g\u00fcn\u00fcne kadar olan s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgesinde ruhsat alan ve konut yapan ilgililerin in\u015faatlar\u0131n\u0131n durumlar\u0131na g\u00f6re kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f haklar\u0131n saptanmas\u0131 ve ayr\u0131ca Anayasa Mahkemesince iptal edilen ve Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgesindeki yap\u0131lara imar aff\u0131 getiren 3194 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasan\u0131n Ge\u00e7ici 7 inci maddesinin 1 inci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n da uygulama ve m\u00fcktesep hak y\u00f6n\u00fcnden de\u011ferlendirilmesi\u201d hususlar\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015f ve bu konuda a\u015famal\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f bildirilmi\u015ftir. Buna g\u00f6re;<\/p>\n
\u201c(\u2026)3194 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130mar Kanunu\u2019nun y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011fi 9.5.1985 g\u00fcn\u00fcnden Anayasa Mahkemesinin iptal karar\u0131n\u0131n verildi\u011fi 11.12.1986 g\u00fcnleri aras\u0131nda (\u2026) yap\u0131 ruhsat\u0131 verilmi\u015f ve in\u015faata ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015f ve 18.4.1987 tarihine kadar in\u015faat\u0131 tamamlanm\u0131\u015f yap\u0131lar, ilgilileri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte olan yasa h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine g\u00f6re kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hak olu\u015fturdu\u011fundan bu haklar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 gerekece\u011fi, bu s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lan i\u015flemler, (yap\u0131 ruhsat\u0131, yap\u0131 kullanma izni vb.) daha sonra Anayasa Mahkemesince iptal edilmi\u015f bir Yasaya dayal\u0131 olsalar bile, Yasan\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u0131ras\u0131nda ve Yasaya uygun olarak yap\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131ndan, 18.4.1987 tarihine kadar bitirilmi\u015f yap\u0131lar\u0131n dayanaklar\u0131 olan ve yap\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 anda y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte bulunan hukuka uygun i\u015flemlerin geri al\u0131nmalar\u0131na, di\u011fer bir anlat\u0131mla, idare i\u015flemlerin yap\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 andan itibaren b\u00fct\u00fcn hukuki sonu\u00e7lar\u0131yla birlikte ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmalar\u0131na hukuki olanak bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d<\/p>\n
\u201c9.5.1985-11.12.1986 g\u00fcnleri aras\u0131ndaki s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde in\u015faata ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f olmakla birlikte hen\u00fcz in\u015faatlar\u0131 tamamlanmam\u0131\u015f yap\u0131lar y\u00f6n\u00fcnden durumun 18.4.1987 tarihi g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131narak yap\u0131lar\u0131n ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilerek korunmas\u0131 gerekli bir hakk\u0131n mevcut olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n saptanmas\u0131 gerekece\u011fi\u201d<\/p>\n
\u201cBug\u00fcne de\u011fin hi\u00e7 in\u015faata ba\u015flanmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 halinde ise ilgililer lehine kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir haktan s\u00f6z edilemeyece\u011fi\u201d<\/p>\n
\u201c11.12.1986 tarihinde Anayasa Mahkemesi karar\u0131n\u0131n duyuruldu\u011fu g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda; iptal edildi\u011fi bilinen bir kanuna g\u00f6re verilmi\u015f imar ruhsatlar\u0131na dayal\u0131 in\u015faatlar s\u00f6z konusu olaca\u011f\u0131ndan, idarenin bu tarihten sonra yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015flemlerin hukuka uygun oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenemez, ancak, bu t\u00fcr i\u015flemlerin dahi subjektif sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 oldu\u011fu yads\u0131namaz. \u0130dare i\u015flemin geri al\u0131nmas\u0131 teorisinin uygulama alan\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda i\u015flemin hak do\u011furup do\u011furmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 da hukuka uygunlu\u011fu kadar \u00f6nemlidir. (\u2026) Bunlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki idarenin baz\u0131 hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 i\u015flemlerinin, hukuka uygun olmasalar bile ilgili lehine yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hukuki durumlar\u0131n belli bir s\u00fcreden sonra de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi idarenin istikrar\u0131 ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fer. Bu i\u015flemler hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 olsalar bile yarg\u0131sal ba\u015fvurma s\u00fcresi ge\u00e7irildikten sonra hukuki sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 gerekir. Bu durum idari i\u015flemin ki\u015fisel sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilkesinin do\u011fal bir sonucudur. Bu bak\u0131mdan 11.12.1986-18.4.1987 g\u00fcnleri aras\u0131nda imar ruhsat\u0131 verilmi\u015f ve bu s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde in\u015faatlar\u0131 tamamlanm\u0131\u015f yap\u0131lar\u0131n ilgilileri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden yukar\u0131daki esaslar g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131narak ve hukuk d\u00fczeninde korunmaya de\u011fer bir hakk\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n saptanmas\u0131 ko\u015fuluyla hukuki durumlar\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekece\u011fi, 11.12.1986-18.4.1987 g\u00fcnleri aras\u0131nda imar ruhsat\u0131 verilmesine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k in\u015faatlar\u0131 an\u0131lan s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde tamamlanmam\u0131\u015f yap\u0131larda da, subjektif hakk\u0131n do\u011fumunun saptanmas\u0131 ve ilgilileri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden korunmaya de\u011fer bulundu\u011fu nispette hukuki sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilmesi yolunda i\u015flemler yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekece\u011fi\u201d y\u00f6n\u00fcnde g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ve karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
An\u0131lan kararda \u00f6zetle; Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgesinde yer alan yap\u0131lara ruhsat verilmesine ili\u015fkin Yasa d\u00fczenlemesinin Anayasa Mahkemesi karar\u0131 ile iptal edilmesi \u00fczerine, yap\u0131 ruhsat\u0131 alan ki\u015filerin kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f haklar\u0131 Dan\u0131\u015ftay taraf\u0131ndan a\u015famal\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015f olup, buna g\u00f6re;<\/p>\n
– S\u00f6z konusu Kanun\u2019un y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011fi tarih ile Anayasa Mahkemesinin iptal karar\u0131n\u0131n verildi\u011fi tarih aras\u0131nda, yap\u0131 ruhsat\u0131 verilmi\u015f, in\u015faata ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015f ve Anayasa Mahkemesi karar\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihe kadar in\u015faat\u0131 tamamlanm\u0131\u015f yap\u0131lar\u0131n kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f haklar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi,<\/p>\n
– S\u00f6z konusu Kanun\u2019un y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011fi tarih ile Anayasa Mahkemesinin iptal karar\u0131n\u0131n verildi\u011fi tarih aras\u0131nda, yap\u0131 ruhsat\u0131 verilmi\u015f, in\u015faata ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015f ve Anayasa Mahkemesi karar\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihe kadar in\u015faat\u0131 tamamlanmam\u0131\u015f yap\u0131lar\u0131n kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f haklar\u0131n\u0131n her yap\u0131n\u0131n kendi durumuna g\u00f6re de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekti\u011fi,<\/p>\n
– Anayasa Mahkemesinin iptal karar\u0131n\u0131n verildi\u011fi tarih ile karar\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarih aras\u0131nda verilen ruhsatlar\u0131n durumlar\u0131n\u0131n da idari istikrar ilkesi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde de\u011ferlendirilerek, yap\u0131n\u0131n tamamlanma veya in\u015faat durumuna g\u00f6re kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f haklar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ve karar verilmi\u015ftir. Dan\u0131\u015ftay 1. Dairesinin bu karar\u0131n\u0131n kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f haklar\u0131 olduk\u00e7a geni\u015f yorumlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortadad\u0131r. <\/p>\n
\u00d6te yandan, yine benzer bir olayda Dan\u0131\u015ftay 14. Dairesinin 22.05.2012 tarihli ve E:2011\/4465, K:2012\/3702 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda; \u201cm\u00fcktesep haktan bahsedebilmek i\u00e7in, yap\u0131 ruhsat\u0131n\u0131n, Anayasa Mahkemesinin iptal karar\u0131n\u0131n kamuoyuna duyuruldu\u011fu 11.12.1986 tarihinden \u00f6nce al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ve yap\u0131ya ba\u015flan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi\u201d y\u00f6n\u00fcnde karar verilerek, Anayasa Mahkemesinin iptal karar\u0131 \u00f6ncesi, iptal edilen Yasa maddesine dayan\u0131larak verilen ruhsat \u00fczerine, bu tarihten \u00f6nce yap\u0131m\u0131na ba\u015flan\u0131lan yap\u0131lar\u0131n kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f haklar\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu hususu vurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Yine benzer bir olayda Dan\u0131\u015ftay 6. Dairesinin 24.12.1991 tarihli ve E: 1991\/482, K: 1991\/3229 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda; \u201cyukar\u0131da s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen ruhsat\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemde in\u015faata ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 ve Anayasa Mahkemesinin iptal karar\u0131na kadar taraflarca ula\u015f\u0131lan seviyenin kan\u0131tlanmas\u0131 halinde bu k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hak olarak de\u011ferlendirilmesi\u201d y\u00f6n\u00fcnde karar verilerek, Anayasa Mahkemesinin iptal karar\u0131 \u00f6ncesi, iptal edilen Yasa maddesine dayan\u0131larak verilen ruhsat \u00fczerine, bu tarihten \u00f6nce yap\u0131m\u0131na ba\u015flan\u0131lan ve belli bir seviyeye gelen yap\u0131lar\u0131n kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f haklar\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Dan\u0131\u015ftay\u2019\u0131n yukar\u0131da yer verilen kararlar\u0131 \u00f6zetle; Kanun\u2019un y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011fi tarihten Anayasa Mahkemesinin iptal karar\u0131n\u0131n verdi\u011fi tarihe kadar yap\u0131 ruhsat\u0131 verilmi\u015f, in\u015faata ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015f ve belli bir seviyeye gelmi\u015f ya da tamamlanm\u0131\u015f yap\u0131lar\u0131n kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f haklar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine h\u00fckmedilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Bu kararlar kapsam\u0131nda, \u201cBo\u011fazi\u00e7i Sahil \u015eeridi ve \u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm B\u00f6lgesinde\u201d yer alan ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar i\u00e7in d\u00fczenlenen yap\u0131 kay\u0131t belgelerinin kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hak kapsam\u0131nda olup olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n her bir ta\u015f\u0131nmaz \u00f6zelinde de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
c) \u201cGeri G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm B\u00f6lgesi ve Etkilenme B\u00f6lgesinde\u201d Yer Alan Ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar \u0130\u00e7in D\u00fczenlenen Yap\u0131 Kay\u0131t Belgelerinin G\u00fcncel \u0130dari Yarg\u0131 Kararlar\u0131 \u00c7er\u00e7evesinde De\u011ferlendirmesi<\/p>\n
Anayasa Mahkemesinin an\u0131lan iptal karar\u0131n\u0131n \u201cGeri G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm B\u00f6lgesi ve Etkilenme B\u00f6lgesinde\u201d yer alan ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar i\u00e7in d\u00fczenlenen Yap\u0131 Kay\u0131t Belgelerinin hukuki durumunu olumsuz etkilemeyece\u011fini, bu belgelerin ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Nitekim idari yarg\u0131 kararlar\u0131, Anayasa Mahkemesi karar\u0131 \u00f6ncesinde de s\u00f6z konusu Yap\u0131 Kay\u0131t Belgelerinin ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcndedir. Bu hususu genel olarak ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011fu \u015feklinde belirtmek daha yerinde olacakt\u0131r. Nitekim Yap\u0131 Kay\u0131t Belgesinin iptalini gerektiren di\u011fer hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k nedenleri varsa elbette idarece iptal edilebilecektir.<\/p>\n
Dan\u0131\u015ftay 6. Dairesinin 9.11.2022 tarihli ve E:2020\/9552, K:2022\/9367 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda; \u201cUyu\u015fmazl\u0131kta, Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i “gerig\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm” ve “etkilenme” b\u00f6lgesinde, \u0130stanbul \u0130li, Sar\u0131yer \u0130l\u00e7esi, \u2026 ada, \u2026 say\u0131l\u0131 parsel \u00fczerindeki yap\u0131ya ili\u015fkin 28\/08\/2018 tarihli yap\u0131 kay\u0131t belgesinin bulundu\u011fu, 2960 say\u0131l\u0131 Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Kanununun 11. maddesi uyar\u0131nca \u2026 tarih ve \u2026 s\u0131ra numaral\u0131 yap\u0131 tatil tutana\u011f\u0131 d\u00fczenlenmesi \u00fczerine, ruhsats\u0131z yap\u0131n\u0131n bir ay i\u00e7inde y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131 veya ruhsata ba\u011flanmas\u0131, aksi takdirde 2960 say\u0131l\u0131 Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Kanununun 13. maddesi uyar\u0131nca yasal i\u015flem yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin \u2026 tarih ve \u2026 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130mar ve \u015eehircilik M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u015fleminin, yap\u0131 tatil tutana\u011f\u0131n\u0131n gere\u011finin yerine getirilmesine ili\u015fkin oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, an\u0131lan i\u015flemde yetki y\u00f6n\u00fcnden mevzuata ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bununla birlikte, niteli\u011fi belirtilen dava konusu i\u015flem tarihinde ta\u015f\u0131nmazla ilgili yap\u0131 kay\u0131t belgesi mevcut oldu\u011fundan, i\u015flemden \u00f6nce yap\u0131 kay\u0131t belgesi bulunan yap\u0131 hakk\u0131nda y\u0131k\u0131m ve para cezas\u0131 kararlar\u0131 verilemeyece\u011finden, i\u015flemin ruhsats\u0131z yap\u0131n\u0131n bir ay i\u00e7inde y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131 veya ruhsata ba\u011flanmas\u0131, aksi takdirde 2960 say\u0131l\u0131 Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Kanununun 13. maddesi uyar\u0131nca yasal i\u015flem yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n iptali yolundaki \u0130dari Dava Dairesi karar\u0131nda sonucu itibar\u0131yla isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.\u201d y\u00f6n\u00fcnde karar verilerek, Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i “gerig\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm” ve “etkilenme” b\u00f6lgesinde yer alan ta\u015f\u0131nmaz hakk\u0131nda Yap\u0131 Kay\u0131t Belgesi olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen verilen y\u0131k\u0131m ve para cezas\u0131 karar\u0131 hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
SONU\u00c7:<\/p>\n
Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i b\u00f6lgesi, do\u011fal ve tarihi \u00f6zellikleri nedeniyle \u00f6zel koruma alt\u0131nda olan, ancak ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00e7ok say\u0131da ki\u015finin m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131 da ilgilendiren bir aland\u0131r. Bu nedenle hem kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zetmek hem de bireylerin anayasal haklar\u0131n\u0131 korumak b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.\u00a0Hukuki Haber<\/p>\n
Haberin Al\u0131nt\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kaynak: www.hukukihaber.net<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i, do\u011fal yap\u0131s\u0131 ve tarihi \u00f6nemi nedeniyle genel imar kurallar\u0131ndan ayr\u0131larak, 2960 say\u0131l\u0131 \u00f6zel bir kanunla korunmaktad\u0131r. Kanun, b\u00f6lgeyi \u201csahil \u015feridi\u201d \u201c\u00f6n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u201d, \u201cgeri g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u201d ve \u201cetkilenme\u201d b\u00f6lgeleri olarak d\u00f6rde ay\u0131rmakta; her bir b\u00f6lge i\u00e7in yap\u0131la\u015fma ve kullan\u0131m konusunda s\u0131k\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar getirmektedir. Bu d\u00fczenlemenin amac\u0131, Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i’nin do\u011fal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel dokusunu korumakt\u0131r. Ancak bu koruma yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131, b\u00f6lgede ya\u015fayanlar\u0131n m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131 ihlal etmeyecek \u015fekilde uygulanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Mevcut de\u011ferlerin korunmas\u0131 kadar, zorunlu tadilatlar\u0131n gereksiz yere zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmamas\u0131 ve m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131labilir olmas\u0131 da \u00f6nemlidir. Bu yaz\u0131da, Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i\u2019nin imar rejimini belirleyen temel ilkeleri ele alacak; \u00f6zellikle yap\u0131 kay\u0131t belgesi bulunan yap\u0131larda kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hak meselesini, Dan\u0131\u015ftay\u2019\u0131n farkl\u0131 tarihlerde verdi\u011fi kararlar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde tart\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z. 1) Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Alan\u0131 Nedir? Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i k\u0131y\u0131 ve sahil \u015feridinden, \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgesinden, geri g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgesinden ve etkilenme b\u00f6lgelerinden olu\u015fan ve s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 ve koordinatlar\u0131 2960 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanuna ekli krokide i\u015faretli olan ve 22\/7\/1983 onay tarihli naz\u0131m planda g\u00f6sterilen aland\u0131r. Bu kapsamda Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Alan\u0131 4 ayr\u0131 b\u00f6lgeden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bunlar k\u0131saca \u015f\u00f6yledir; a) Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Sahil \u015eeridi Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i k\u0131y\u0131 kenar \u00e7izgisi ile 22\/7\/1983 tarihli 1\/5000 \u00f6l\u00e7ekli naz\u0131m plan\u0131nda g\u00f6sterilen hat aras\u0131nda kalan b\u00f6lgedir. b) \u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm B\u00f6lgesi Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i sahil \u015feridine biti\u015fik olan ve 22\/7\/1983 tarihli 1\/1000 \u00f6l\u00e7ekli imar uygulama plan\u0131nda g\u00f6sterilen b\u00f6lgedir. c) Geri G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm B\u00f6lgesi \u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm b\u00f6lgesine biti\u015fik olan ve …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-97488","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hukukihaber"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n