ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130 KARARI<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Esas Say\u0131s\u0131 : 2024\/97<\/p>\n
Karar Say\u0131s\u0131 : 2024\/234<\/p>\n
Karar Tarihi : 25\/12\/2024<\/p>\n
R.G.Tarih-Say\u0131 : 12\/3\/2025-32839<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u0130T\u0130RAZ YOLUNA BA\u015eVURAN: \u0130stanbul 6. Asliye Hukuk Mahkemesi<\/p>\n
\u0130T\u0130RAZIN KONUSU: 9\/6\/1932 tarihli ve 2004 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130cra ve \u0130flas Kanunu\u2019nun;<\/p>\n
A. 105. maddesinin,<\/p>\n
B. 3\/7\/1940 tarihli ve 3890 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 1. maddesiyle de\u011fi\u015ftirilen 143. maddesinin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda yer alan \u201c\u2026ile 105 inci maddedeki vesika\u2026\u201d ibaresinin,<\/p>\n
Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 35. ve 36. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclerek iptallerine karar verilmesi talebidir.<\/p>\n
OLAY: Tasarrufun iptali talebiyle a\u00e7\u0131lan davada itiraz konusu kurallar\u0131n Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu kan\u0131s\u0131na varan Mahkeme, iptalleri i\u00e7in ba\u015fvurmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
I. \u0130PTAL\u0130 \u0130STENEN KANUN H\u00dcK\u00dcMLER\u0130<\/p>\n
Kanun\u2019un itiraz konusu kurallar\u0131n da yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131;<\/p>\n
1. 105. maddesi \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u201cBor\u00e7 \u00f6demeden aciz vesikas\u0131:<\/p>\n
Madde 105 \u2013 Haczi kabil mal bulunmazsa haciz tutana\u011f\u0131 143 \u00fcnc\u00fc maddedeki aciz vesikas\u0131 h\u00fckm\u00fcndedir.<\/p>\n
\u0130craca takdir edilen k\u0131ymete g\u00f6re haczi kabil mallar\u0131n kifayetsizli\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 surette dahi tutanak muvakkat aciz vesikas\u0131 yerine ge\u00e7erek alacakl\u0131ya 277 nci maddede yaz\u0131l\u0131 haklar\u0131 verir.\u201d<\/p>\n
2. 143. maddesinin ilgili k\u0131sm\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u201cBor\u00e7 \u00f6demeden aciz vesikas\u0131:<\/p>\n
Madde 143 \u2013 (De\u011fi\u015fik: 3\/7\/1940-3890\/1 md.)<\/p>\n
\u00a0(De\u011fi\u015fik birinci f\u0131kra: 17\/7\/2003-4949\/40 md.) Alacakl\u0131 alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131 alamam\u0131\u015f ve aciz vesikas\u0131 d\u00fczenlenmesi i\u00e7in gerekli \u015fartlar yerine gelmi\u015fse, icra dairesi kalan miktar i\u00e7in hemen bir aciz vesikas\u0131 d\u00fczenleyip alacakl\u0131ya ve bir suretini de bor\u00e7luya verir; bu belgeler hi\u00e7bir har\u00e7 ve vergiye t\u00e2bi de\u011fildir. Aciz vesikas\u0131n\u0131n bir n\u00fcshas\u0131 da her il merkezinde Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nca tespit edilen icra dairesi taraf\u0131ndan tutulan \u00f6zel sicile kaydedilmek \u00fczere bu icra dairesine g\u00f6nderilir. Aciz vesikas\u0131 sicili aleni olup ne \u015fekilde tutulaca\u011f\u0131 ve hangi hususlar\u0131 i\u00e7erece\u011fi Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan y\u00f6netmelikle belirlenir.<\/p>\n
Bu vesika ile 105 inci maddedeki vesika borcun ikrar\u0131n\u0131 mutazamm\u0131n senet mahiyetinde olup alacakl\u0131ya 277 nci maddede yaz\u0131l\u0131 haklar\u0131 verir.<\/p>\n
…\u201d<\/p>\n
II. \u0130LK \u0130NCELEME<\/p>\n
1. Anayasa Mahkemesi \u0130\u00e7t\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fc h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uyar\u0131nca Hasan Tahsin G\u00d6KCAN, Engin YILDIRIM, R\u0131dvan G\u00dcLE\u00c7, Recai AKYEL, Yusuf \u015eevki HAKYEMEZ, Y\u0131ld\u0131z SEFER\u0130NO\u011eLU, Selahaddin MENTE\u015e, \u0130rfan F\u0130DAN, Kenan YA\u015eAR, Muhterem \u0130NCE, Y\u0131lmaz AK\u00c7\u0130L ve \u00d6mer \u00c7INAR\u2019\u0131n kat\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131yla 30\/5\/2024 tarihinde yap\u0131lan ilk inceleme toplant\u0131s\u0131nda \u00f6ncelikle uygulanacak kural ve s\u0131n\u0131rlama sorunlar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
2. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 152. ile 30\/3\/2011 tarihli ve 6216 say\u0131l\u0131 Anayasa Mahkemesinin Kurulu\u015fu ve Yarg\u0131lama Usulleri Hakk\u0131nda Kanun\u2019un 40. maddelerine g\u00f6re bir davaya bakmakta olan mahkeme, o dava sebebiyle uygulanacak bir kanunun veya Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararnamesinin h\u00fck\u00fcmlerini Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 g\u00f6rmesi h\u00e2linde veya taraflardan birinin ileri s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k iddias\u0131n\u0131n ciddi oldu\u011fu kan\u0131s\u0131na varmas\u0131 durumunda bu h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin iptalleri i\u00e7in Anayasa Mahkemesine ba\u015fvurmaya yetkilidir. Ancak an\u0131lan maddeler uyar\u0131nca bir mahkemenin Anayasa Mahkemesine ba\u015fvurabilmesi i\u00e7in elinde y\u00f6ntemince a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve mahkemenin g\u00f6revine giren bir davan\u0131n bulunmas\u0131, iptali talep edilen kural\u0131n da o davada uygulanacak olmas\u0131 gerekir. Uygulanacak kural ise bak\u0131lmakta olan davan\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fik evrelerinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan sorunlar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcnde veya davay\u0131 sonu\u00e7land\u0131rmada olumlu ya da olumsuz y\u00f6nde etki yapacak nitelikte bulunan kurallard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
3. 2004 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un itiraz konusu 105. maddesinde haciz tutana\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belli \u015fartlar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u00e2linde bor\u00e7 \u00f6demeden aciz vesikas\u0131 h\u00fckm\u00fcnde oldu\u011fu kabul edilmi\u015ftir. An\u0131lan maddenin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda bor\u00e7lunun haczedilebilir hi\u00e7bir mal\u0131n\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tespit eden haciz tutana\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kesin aciz belgesi h\u00fckm\u00fcnde oldu\u011fu belirtilmi\u015f, ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda ise icra memurunun takdirine g\u00f6re haczi kabil mallar\u0131n alaca\u011f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 durumunda d\u00fczenlenen haciz tutana\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7ici aciz vesikas\u0131 h\u00fckm\u00fcnde oldu\u011fu ifade edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
4. \u0130tiraz ba\u015fvurusunda bulunan Mahkemede bak\u0131lmakta olan davan\u0131n konusu, alacakl\u0131n\u0131n bor\u00e7lu aleyhine y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc icra takibi s\u0131ras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen hacizde elde edilen mallar\u0131n alaca\u011f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fczerine haciz tutana\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7ici aciz vesikas\u0131 h\u00fckm\u00fcnde oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esine dayan\u0131larak bor\u00e7lunun devretti\u011fi markalarla ilgili tasarruflar\u0131n iptaline karar verilmesi talebine ili\u015fkindir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla itiraz konusu 105. maddenin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n davada uygulanma imk\u00e2n\u0131 bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Bu itibarla an\u0131lan f\u0131kraya ili\u015fkin ba\u015fvurunun Mahkemenin yetkisizli\u011fi nedeniyle reddi gerekir.<\/p>\n
5. \u00d6te yandan Kanun\u2019un 143. maddesinin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda an\u0131lan madde kapsam\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenen aciz vesikas\u0131 ile 105. madde uyar\u0131nca d\u00fczenlenen vesikan\u0131n borcun ikrar\u0131n\u0131n mutazamm\u0131n senet niteli\u011finde oldu\u011fu ve alacakl\u0131ya 277. maddede yaz\u0131l\u0131 haklar\u0131 verece\u011fi ifade edilmi\u015ftir. S\u00f6z konusu f\u0131krada yer alan \u201c\u2026ile 105 inci maddedeki vesika\u2026\u201d ibaresi itiraz konusu ikinci kural\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. An\u0131lan ibare 105. maddenin ge\u00e7ici aciz vesikas\u0131na dair d\u00fczenleme i\u00e7eren ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra an\u0131lan maddenin kesin aciz vesikas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyen birinci f\u0131kras\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden de ge\u00e7erli, ortak kural niteli\u011findedir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bak\u0131lmakta olan davan\u0131n konusu g\u00f6zetilerek an\u0131lan ibarenin esas\u0131na ili\u015fkin incelemenin Kanun\u2019un 105. maddesinin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n
6. A\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerle 9\/6\/1932 tarihli ve 2004 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130cra ve \u0130flas Kanunu\u2019nun;<\/p>\n
A. 105. maddesinin;<\/p>\n
1. Birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n itiraz ba\u015fvurusunda bulunan Mahkemenin bakmakta oldu\u011fu davada uygulanma imk\u00e2n\u0131 bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bu f\u0131kraya ili\u015fkin ba\u015fvurunun Mahkemenin yetkisizli\u011fi nedeniyle REDD\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
2. \u0130kinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n esas\u0131n\u0131n incelenmesine,<\/p>\n
B. 3\/7\/1940 tarihli ve 3890 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 1. maddesiyle de\u011fi\u015ftirilen 143. maddesinin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda yer alan \u201c\u2026105 inci maddedeki vesika\u2026\u201d ibaresinin esas\u0131n\u0131n incelenmesine, esasa ili\u015fkin incelemenin \u201c2004 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 105. maddesinin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131\u201d y\u00f6n\u00fcnden yap\u0131lmas\u0131na,<\/p>\n
OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
III. ESASIN \u0130NCELENMES\u0130<\/p>\n
7. Ba\u015fvuru karar\u0131 ve ekleri, Raport\u00f6r \u00d6mer MENC\u0130K taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan i\u015fin esas\u0131na ili\u015fkin rapor, itiraz konusu kanun h\u00fck\u00fcmleri, dayan\u0131lan ve ilgili g\u00f6r\u00fclen Anayasa kurallar\u0131 ve bunlar\u0131n gerek\u00e7eleri ile di\u011fer yasama belgeleri okunup incelendikten sonra gere\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcl\u00fcp d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc:<\/p>\n
A. Anlam ve Kapsam <\/p>\n
8. 2004 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 277. maddesinde elinde ge\u00e7ici veya kesin aciz vesikas\u0131 bulunan her alacakl\u0131n\u0131n tasarrufun iptali davas\u0131 a\u00e7abilece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ge\u00e7ici veya kesin aciz vesikas\u0131n\u0131n verilmesine ili\u015fkin usul ve esaslar ise an\u0131lan Kanun\u2019un 105., 143. ve 251. maddelerinde d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
9. Kesin aciz vesikas\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 143. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131na g\u00f6re icra takibi sonunda ve alacakl\u0131n\u0131n alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131 alamamas\u0131 durumunda d\u00fczenlenmektedir. 105. maddede ise haciz tutana\u011f\u0131n\u0131n da baz\u0131 \u015fartlar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u00e2linde bor\u00e7 \u00f6demeden aciz vesikas\u0131 h\u00fckm\u00fcnde kabul edilmesine imk\u00e2n tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Maddenin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda bor\u00e7lunun haczedilebilir hi\u00e7bir mal\u0131n\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tespit eden haciz tutana\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kesin aciz belgesi h\u00fckm\u00fcnde oldu\u011fu belirtilmi\u015f, itiraz konusu ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda ise icra memurunun takdirine g\u00f6re haczi kabil mallar\u0131n alaca\u011f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 durumunda d\u00fczenlenen haciz tutana\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7ici aciz vesikas\u0131 h\u00fckm\u00fcnde oldu\u011fu ve alacakl\u0131ya tasarrufun iptali davas\u0131 a\u00e7ma hakk\u0131 verece\u011fi h\u00fck\u00fcm alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
10. 143. maddede hangi h\u00e2lde kesin aciz vesikas\u0131 d\u00fczenlenece\u011finin yan\u0131nda aciz vesikas\u0131n\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcm ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na dair d\u00fczenlemelere de yer verilmi\u015ftir. An\u0131lan maddenin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda, bu madde uyar\u0131nca d\u00fczenlenecek kesin aciz vesikas\u0131 ile 105. madde uyar\u0131nca d\u00fczenlenecek vesikan\u0131n borcun ikrar\u0131n\u0131 mutazamm\u0131n senet niteli\u011finde olup alacakl\u0131ya 277. maddede yaz\u0131l\u0131 haklar\u0131 verece\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir. S\u00f6z konusu f\u0131krada yer alan \u201c\u2026ile 105 inci maddedeki vesika\u2026\u201d ibaresi itiraz konusu ikinci kural\u0131 olu\u015fturmakta olup kural \u201c105. maddenin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131\u201d y\u00f6n\u00fcnden incelenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
11. Buna g\u00f6re 105. maddenin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131 uyar\u0131nca haciz s\u0131ras\u0131nda icra memuru taraf\u0131ndan haczi kabil mallar\u0131n alaca\u011f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde haz\u0131rlanan ve ge\u00e7ici aciz vesikas\u0131 olarak kabul edilen haciz tutana\u011f\u0131 ile alacakl\u0131 bor\u00e7luya kar\u015f\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 277. maddesi uyar\u0131nca tasarrufun iptali davas\u0131 a\u00e7abilecektir.<\/p>\n
12. 277. maddede iptal davas\u0131ndan anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekenin 278., 279. ve 280. maddelerde yaz\u0131l\u0131 tasarruflar\u0131n butlan\u0131na h\u00fckmedilmesi oldu\u011fu ifade edilmi\u015f, 283. maddede de iptal davas\u0131n\u0131n etki ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Buna g\u00f6re davan\u0131n kabul\u00fc h\u00e2linde davac\u0131, dava konusu mal \u00fczerinde cebr\u00ee icra yoluyla hakk\u0131n\u0131 alma yetkisine sahip olabilecek; davan\u0131n konusu ta\u015f\u0131nmaz ise daval\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fi \u00fczerindeki kayd\u0131n tashihine gerek bulunmaks\u0131z\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n haciz ve sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 isteyebilecektir. \u0130ptal davas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015finin elinden \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu mallar yerine ge\u00e7en de\u011ferle ilgili olmas\u0131 durumunda ise bu de\u011ferler oran\u0131nda, davac\u0131n\u0131n alaca\u011f\u0131ndan fazla olmamak \u00fczere \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fi nakden tazmine mahk\u00fbm edilebilecektir.<\/p>\n
B. \u0130tiraz\u0131n Gerek\u00e7esi<\/p>\n
13. Ba\u015fvuru karar\u0131nda \u00f6zetle; tasarrufun iptali gibi mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinde tasarruf yetkisini k\u0131s\u0131tlayan uygulamalar\u0131n ancak bor\u00e7lunun mali durumunun do\u011fru tespiti ile m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi, itiraz konusu kurallarda ise bor\u00e7lunun ger\u00e7ek mali durumunun tespitine ihtiya\u00e7 duyulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, sadece yerinde yap\u0131lan haciz sonucundaki mali durum tespitinin yeterli g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, bu tespite dayan\u0131larak tasarruf yetkisinin k\u0131s\u0131tlanmas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131 ile ba\u011fda\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, tasarrufun iptali davalar\u0131nda dava \u015fart\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclen aciz vesikas\u0131 al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n \u015fekl\u00ee olarak yeterli g\u00f6r\u00fclmesinin bor\u00e7lunun dava \u015fart\u0131 yoklu\u011funu ispat etme imk\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131 elinden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilerek kurallar\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 35. ve 36. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
C. Anayasa\u2019ya Ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k Sorunu<\/p>\n
14. 6216 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 43. maddesi uyar\u0131nca kurallar, ilgisi nedeniyle Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 5. maddesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnden de incelenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
15. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 35. maddesinde \u201cHerkes, m\u00fclkiyet ve miras haklar\u0131na sahiptir.\/ Bu haklar, ancak kamu yarar\u0131 amac\u0131yla, kanunla s\u0131n\u0131rlanabilir.\/ M\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 toplum yarar\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 olamaz.\u201d denilmektedir. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n an\u0131lan maddesiyle g\u00fcvenceye ba\u011flanan m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131, ekonomik de\u011fer ifade eden ve parayla de\u011ferlendirilebilen her t\u00fcrl\u00fc mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131n\u0131 kapsamaktad\u0131r (AYM, E.2015\/39, K.2015\/62, 1\/7\/2015, \u00a7\u00a7 20-21).<\/p>\n
16. Kurallarla bor\u00e7lunun haczi kabil mallar\u0131n\u0131n alaca\u011f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 durumunda d\u00fczenlenen haciz tutana\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7ici aciz vesikas\u0131 h\u00fckm\u00fcnde oldu\u011fu kabul edilerek bu vesikayla alacakl\u0131ya bor\u00e7lunun baz\u0131 tasarruflar\u0131na ili\u015fkin olarak iptal davas\u0131 a\u00e7ma imk\u00e2n\u0131 tan\u0131nmaktad\u0131r. Ge\u00e7ici aciz vesikas\u0131 ile iptal edilecek tasarruflara konu mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 35. maddesi ba\u011flam\u0131nda m\u00fclk te\u015fkil etti\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
17. M\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131; ki\u015fiye ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n hakk\u0131na zarar vermemek ve kanunlar\u0131n koydu\u011fu s\u0131n\u0131rlamalara uymak \u015fart\u0131yla sahibi oldu\u011fu \u015feyi diledi\u011fi gibi kullanma, semerelerinden yararlanma ve \u00fczerinde tasarruf etme imk\u00e2n\u0131 veren bir hakt\u0131r (AYM, E.2021\/9, K.2022\/4, 26\/1\/2022, \u00a7 27; Mehmet Akdo\u011fan ve di\u011ferleri, B. No: 2013\/817, 19\/12\/2013, \u00a7 32).<\/p>\n
18. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu maddesinde bir temel hak olarak g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n etkili bir \u015fekilde korunabilmesi yaln\u0131zca devletin bu hakka m\u00fcdahaleden ka\u00e7\u0131nmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 de\u011fildir. Nitekim Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 5. maddesinde insan\u0131n maddi ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fmesi i\u00e7in gerekli \u015fartlar\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131, devletin temel ama\u00e7 ve g\u00f6revleri aras\u0131nda say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu kapsamda devlet, ki\u015filerin m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131ndan tam anlam\u0131yla yararlanabilmeleri ve etkili bir \u015fekilde m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla yasal, idari, mali, yarg\u0131sal ve di\u011fer \u00f6nlemleri almak zorundad\u0131r. Pozitif y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131n nedeni ger\u00e7ek anlamda koruma sa\u011flanmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamda s\u00f6z konusu pozitif y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck, kimi durumlarda \u00f6zel ki\u015filer aras\u0131ndaki uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar da d\u00e2hil olmak \u00fczere m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in belirli tedbirlerin al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirmektedir (AYM, E.2019\/11, K.2019\/86, 14\/11\/2019, \u00a7 13; E.2023\/58, K.2023\/204, 30\/11\/2023, \u00a7 20; Eyy\u00fcp Boynukara, B. No: 2013\/7842, 17\/2\/2016, \u00a7\u00a7 39-41; Osmano\u011flu \u0130n\u015faat E\u011fitim G\u0131da Temizlik Hizmetleri Petrol \u00dcr\u00fcnleri Sanayi Ticaret Limited \u015eirketi, B. No: 2014\/8649, 15\/2\/2017, \u00a7 44).<\/p>\n
19. Kurallar, alacakl\u0131n\u0131n alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l bir bi\u00e7imde cebr\u00ee icra sistemi i\u00e7inde k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede tahsilinin sa\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131, b\u00f6ylece alacakl\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131n\u0131 ama\u00e7lamaktad\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kurallar bor\u00e7lunun m\u00fclk\u00fcne do\u011frudan bir s\u0131n\u0131rlama niteli\u011finde olmay\u0131p alacakl\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in al\u0131nan bir tedbir niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle kurallar devletin m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131na ili\u015fkin pozitif y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc y\u00f6n\u00fcnden incelenmelidir.<\/p>\n
20. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 5. ve 35. maddeleri uyar\u0131nca devletin, pozitif y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde -\u00f6zel ki\u015filer aras\u0131 uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar ile ilgili olsun ya da olmas\u0131n- alacaklar\u0131n tahsilinin d\u00fczenlenmesi ve ki\u015filerin alacaklar\u0131na kavu\u015fmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan etkili bir sistem kurma sorumlulu\u011fu bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6zel ki\u015filer aras\u0131ndaki uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klarda devletin m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131na ili\u015fkin pozitif y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 hak ve menfaatler dengesine dayanmaktad\u0131r. Alacaklar\u0131n tahsiline ili\u015fkin s\u00fcre\u00e7 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da durum b\u00f6yledir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bir tarafta alacakl\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda bulunan bir alaca\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu iken di\u011fer taraftan alacakl\u0131n\u0131n bu alaca\u011fa kavu\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ba\u015fvuraca\u011f\u0131 bor\u00e7lunun m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131ndaki mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r (benzer y\u00f6nde bkz. AYM, E.2024\/10, K.2024\/97, 4\/4\/2024, \u00a7 24; Hesna Funda Baltal\u0131 ve Baltal\u0131 G\u0131da Hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k San. ve Tic. Ltd. \u015eti. [GK], B. No: 2014\/17196, 25\/10\/2018, \u00a7 71).<\/p>\n
21. Devlet cebr\u00ee icra sistemini kurarken gerek alacakl\u0131n\u0131n gerekse de bor\u00e7lu ve ilgili \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filerin hak ve menfaatlerini g\u00f6zetmek, ki\u015filerin m\u00fclkiyet haklar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli tedbirleri almak durumundad\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6re bir yandan alacakl\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda bulunan alaca\u011f\u0131na kavu\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in etkin bir icra yolunun olu\u015fturulmas\u0131, \u00f6te yandan da icradan etkilenen bor\u00e7lu ve ilgili di\u011fer ki\u015filere, m\u00fclkiyet haklar\u0131na yap\u0131lan m\u00fcdahalelerin keyf\u00ee veya hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funu ileri s\u00fcrebilmeleri i\u00e7in etkin bi\u00e7imde itiraz edebilme imk\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekmektedir (Hesna Funda Baltal\u0131 ve Baltal\u0131 G\u0131da Hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k San. ve Tic. Ltd. \u015eti., \u00a7 72; Nihal Soydan, B. No: 2015\/3112, 23\/1\/2019, \u00a7 35; AYM, E.2019\/11, K.2019\/86, 14\/11\/2019, \u00a7 15).<\/p>\n
22. M\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7at\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda bunlardan hangisine \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck tan\u0131naca\u011f\u0131 hususunda kanun koyucunun belli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde takdir yetkisi bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bununla birlikte kanun koyucunun \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc d\u00fczenlemelerin menfaatler dengesinin kurulmas\u0131nda taraflardan biri aleyhine \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fczl\u00fc\u011fe neden olmas\u0131 m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden pozitif y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerle ba\u011fda\u015fmayabilir. Bu ba\u011flamda her iki taraf\u0131n menfaatlerinin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca dengelenmesi ve s\u00fcrecin taraflardan biri aleyhine \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcz bir netice do\u011furacak \u015fekilde sonu\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131lmamas\u0131 gerekir (benzer bir de\u011ferlendirme i\u00e7in bkz. AYM, E.2019\/11, K.2019\/86, 14\/11\/2019, \u00a7 16).<\/p>\n
23. T\u00fcrk hukukunda bor\u00e7lunun borcundan dolay\u0131 yaln\u0131zca mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla sorumlu olmas\u0131 kabul edilmi\u015ftir. \u0130cra takibi yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda alacakl\u0131 ilke olarak, bor\u00e7lunun mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlerinin haczedilip sat\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle alaca\u011f\u0131na kavu\u015fabilmektedir (AYM, E.2022\/130, K.2023\/14, 25\/1\/2023, \u00a7 22). Ancak bor\u00e7lunun mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bulunmamakla birlikte cebr\u00ee icra sisteminin k\u00f6t\u00fc niyetli olarak i\u015flemez duruma getirilmesini \u00f6nlemek ve cebr\u00ee icray\u0131 daha etkin k\u0131lmak maksad\u0131yla alacakl\u0131ya bor\u00e7lunun ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi baz\u0131 tasarruflar\u0131n iptalini talep etme imk\u00e2n\u0131 tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece bor\u00e7lu ile alacakl\u0131n\u0131n menfaatleri aras\u0131nda bir denge kurulmu\u015f ve bu surette cebr\u00ee icra d\u00fczeni korunmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
24. Kanun koyucunun alacakl\u0131ya bor\u00e7lunun baz\u0131 tasarruflar\u0131 i\u00e7in iptal davas\u0131 a\u00e7ma yetkisi tan\u0131mas\u0131, bor\u00e7lunun hen\u00fcz aciz veya iflas h\u00e2li ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmemi\u015f olmakla birlikte bu h\u00e2llerden birinin yak\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesinin kuvvetle muhtemel oldu\u011fu zamanlarda \u015f\u00fcpheli tasarruflarda bulunmas\u0131 ve bu tasarruflar\u0131 genellikle bir ba\u015fka isim alt\u0131nda gizlemesinden kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r (benzer de\u011ferlendirme i\u00e7in bkz. AYM, E.2021\/9, K.2022\/4, 26\/1\/2022, \u00a7 35). An\u0131lan davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in bor\u00e7lunun mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n borcunu kar\u015f\u0131lamaya yeter d\u00fczeyde olmamas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n
25. \u0130lke olarak bor\u00e7lunun mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n alacakl\u0131n\u0131n alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamaya yetmedi\u011fini g\u00f6steren belge, 2004 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 143. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda h\u00fck\u00fcm alt\u0131na al\u0131nan ve icra takibi sonunda d\u00fczenlenen kesin aciz belgesidir. Ancak baz\u0131 durumlarda bor\u00e7lunun aciz h\u00e2linde oldu\u011fu icra takibi sonucu beklenmeden de anla\u015f\u0131labilir. Bu durum genellikle bor\u00e7lu aleyhine yap\u0131lan haciz s\u0131ras\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilmektedir. Haciz, icra takibinin kesinle\u015fmesinden sonra alacakl\u0131n\u0131n talebi \u00fczerine bor\u00e7lunun borcuna yetecek kadar mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na icra dairesince hukuken el konulmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan bir cebr\u00ee icra i\u015flemidir. Borcun \u00f6denmesi, bor\u00e7lunun borcunu kar\u015f\u0131layacak mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n haczedilip sat\u0131lmas\u0131yla m\u00fcmk\u00fcn h\u00e2le gelebilmektedir.<\/p>\n
26. Bor\u00e7lunun aciz h\u00e2linde oldu\u011funun haciz s\u0131ras\u0131nda anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u00e2llerde tasarrufun iptali davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in icra takibi sonunda d\u00fczenlenen kesin aciz vesikas\u0131n\u0131n beklenmesi alaca\u011f\u0131n tahsilinin gecikmesine sebebiyet verecektir. \u0130tiraz konusu kurallarla haciz s\u0131ras\u0131nda mal\u0131n borcu kar\u015f\u0131lamaya yetmeyece\u011finin anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda, haciz tutana\u011f\u0131n\u0131n aciz belgesi h\u00fckm\u00fcnde oldu\u011fu kabul edilmi\u015f ve alacakl\u0131ya bu belge ile tasarrufun iptali davas\u0131 a\u00e7ma yetkisi tan\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu itibarla kurallar\u0131n alacakl\u0131lar\u0131n korunmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla ihdas edildi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
27. Kurallarda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen haciz tutana\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7ici aciz vesikas\u0131 olarak kabul\u00fc ancak bor\u00e7lunun borca yeter d\u00fczeyde mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n olmamas\u0131 h\u00e2linde m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bu nedenle alacakl\u0131, \u00f6ncelikle bor\u00e7lunun mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tahsil etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak, bu mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n alaca\u011f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamamas\u0131 durumunda ise haciz tutana\u011f\u0131 ile bor\u00e7lunun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filer lehine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 baz\u0131 tasarruflar\u0131n iptalini talep edebilecektir.<\/p>\n
28. Di\u011fer yandan 2004 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 102. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r bir mal\u0131 haciz i\u00e7in mahallinde bir tutanak d\u00fczenlenmesi gerekti\u011fi belirtilmi\u015f, bu tutanakta alacakl\u0131 ve bor\u00e7lunun ad ve soyadlar\u0131, alaca\u011f\u0131n miktar\u0131, haczin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcn ve saat, haczedilen mallar\u0131n cins ve miktar\u0131 ile k\u0131ymetleri ve varsa \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filerin iddialar\u0131n\u0131n yaz\u0131larak tutana\u011f\u0131n haczi yapan memur taraf\u0131ndan imzalanmas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Maddenin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda ta\u015f\u0131nmaz hacizlerinde de bir tutanak d\u00fczenlenmesi gerekti\u011fi, bu tutanakta ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n t\u00fcr\u00fc, mahiyeti ve hududu ile gerekli niteliklerinin yer alaca\u011f\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcm alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Maddenin d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131nda ise bor\u00e7lunun haczedilen mallar\u0131n\u0131n alaca\u011f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamaya yeterli olmamas\u0131 veya haczi kabil mal bulunmamas\u0131 durumunda bu hususlar\u0131n da tutana\u011fa yaz\u0131lmas\u0131 zorunlu k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
29. Kanun\u2019un 16. maddesinde icra ve iflas dairelerince ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen i\u015flemlerin Kanun\u2019a veya hadiseye uygun bulunmamas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 icra mahkemesine \u015fik\u00e2yet hakk\u0131 tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece bor\u00e7lunun icra memurunca d\u00fczenlenen haciz tutana\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 her t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u015fik\u00e2yette bulunabilece\u011fi, bu kapsamda k\u0131ymet takdirine itiraz edebilece\u011fi gibi hacze kabil yeterince mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na sahip oldu\u011funu da ileri s\u00fcrebilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Di\u011fer bir ifadeyle bor\u00e7lunun bu \u015fekilde haciz tutana\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7ici aciz vesikas\u0131 h\u00fckm\u00fcnde olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yarg\u0131 mercileri \u00f6n\u00fcnde \u015fik\u00e2yet konusu edebilece\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
30. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kurallarla alacakl\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda bulunan alaca\u011f\u0131na kavu\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in icra hukukuna \u00f6zg\u00fc, takip s\u00fcrecinin i\u015flevsiz kalmamas\u0131 amac\u0131yla al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken tedbirler kapsam\u0131nda bir d\u00fczenleme yap\u0131l\u0131rken d\u00fczenlemeden etkilenen bor\u00e7lunun yap\u0131lan i\u015flemlerin keyf\u00ee veya hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funu ileri s\u00fcrebilmesi i\u00e7in gerekli hukuki g\u00fcvencelerin sa\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle kurallar\u0131n bor\u00e7lu aleyhine a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 bir k\u00fclfete yol a\u00e7mad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve taraflar\u0131n \u00e7at\u0131\u015fan menfaatlerini dengeledi\u011fi sonucuna ula\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
31. A\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerle kurallar, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 5. ve 35. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 de\u011fildir. \u0130tiraz\u0131n reddi gerekir.<\/p>\n
Kurallar\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 36. maddesiyle ilgisi g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
IV. H\u00dcK\u00dcM<\/p>\n
9\/6\/1932 tarihli ve 2004 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130cra ve \u0130flas Kanunu\u2019nun;<\/p>\n
A. 105. maddesinin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n,<\/p>\n
B. 3\/7\/1940 tarihli ve 3890 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 1. maddesiyle de\u011fi\u015ftirilen 143. maddesinin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda yer alan \u201c\u2026ile 105 inci maddedeki vesika\u2026\u201d ibaresinin \u201c2004 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 105. maddesinin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131\u201d y\u00f6n\u00fcnden,<\/p>\n
Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmad\u0131klar\u0131na ve itiraz\u0131n REDD\u0130NE 25\/12\/2024 tarihinde OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE karar verildi.<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fkan<\/p>\n
Kadir \u00d6ZKAYA<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fkanvekili<\/p>\n
Hasan Tahsin G\u00d6KCAN<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fkanvekili<\/p>\n
Basri BA\u011eCI<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
Engin YILDIRIM<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
R\u0131dvan G\u00dcLE\u00c7<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
Yusuf \u015eevki HAKYEMEZ<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
Y\u0131ld\u0131z SEFER\u0130NO\u011eLU<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
Selahaddin MENTE\u015e<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
\u0130rfan F\u0130DAN<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
Kenan YA\u015eAR<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
Muhterem \u0130NCE<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
Y\u0131lmaz AK\u00c7\u0130L<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
\u00d6mer \u00c7INAR<\/p>\n
\u00dcye<\/p>\n
Metin KIRATLI<\/p>\n
\u200bAnayasa Mahkemesi’nin 25\/12\/2024 tarihli, 2024\/97 esas – 2024\/234 karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131\u00a0Hukuki Haber<\/p>\n
Haberin Al\u0131nt\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kaynak: www.hukukihaber.net<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130 KARARI \u00a0 Esas Say\u0131s\u0131 : 2024\/97 Karar Say\u0131s\u0131 : 2024\/234 Karar Tarihi : 25\/12\/2024 R.G.Tarih-Say\u0131 : 12\/3\/2025-32839 \u00a0 \u0130T\u0130RAZ YOLUNA BA\u015eVURAN: \u0130stanbul 6. Asliye Hukuk Mahkemesi \u0130T\u0130RAZIN KONUSU: 9\/6\/1932 tarihli ve 2004 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130cra ve \u0130flas Kanunu\u2019nun; A. 105. maddesinin, B. 3\/7\/1940 tarihli ve 3890 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 1. maddesiyle de\u011fi\u015ftirilen 143. maddesinin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda yer alan \u201c\u2026ile 105 inci maddedeki vesika\u2026\u201d ibaresinin, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 35. ve 36. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclerek iptallerine karar verilmesi talebidir. OLAY: Tasarrufun iptali talebiyle a\u00e7\u0131lan davada itiraz konusu kurallar\u0131n Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu kan\u0131s\u0131na varan Mahkeme, iptalleri i\u00e7in ba\u015fvurmu\u015ftur. I. \u0130PTAL\u0130 \u0130STENEN KANUN H\u00dcK\u00dcMLER\u0130 Kanun\u2019un itiraz konusu kurallar\u0131n da yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131; 1. 105. maddesi \u015f\u00f6yledir: \u00a0\u201cBor\u00e7 \u00f6demeden aciz vesikas\u0131: Madde 105 \u2013 Haczi kabil mal bulunmazsa haciz tutana\u011f\u0131 143 \u00fcnc\u00fc maddedeki aciz vesikas\u0131 h\u00fckm\u00fcndedir. \u0130craca takdir edilen k\u0131ymete g\u00f6re haczi kabil mallar\u0131n kifayetsizli\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 surette dahi tutanak muvakkat aciz vesikas\u0131 yerine ge\u00e7erek alacakl\u0131ya 277 nci maddede yaz\u0131l\u0131 haklar\u0131 verir.\u201d 2. 143. maddesinin ilgili k\u0131sm\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir: \u00a0\u201cBor\u00e7 \u00f6demeden aciz vesikas\u0131: Madde 143 \u2013 (De\u011fi\u015fik: 3\/7\/1940-3890\/1 md.) \u00a0(De\u011fi\u015fik birinci f\u0131kra: 17\/7\/2003-4949\/40 md.) Alacakl\u0131 alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131 alamam\u0131\u015f ve aciz vesikas\u0131 d\u00fczenlenmesi i\u00e7in gerekli \u015fartlar yerine gelmi\u015fse, icra dairesi kalan miktar i\u00e7in hemen bir aciz vesikas\u0131 d\u00fczenleyip alacakl\u0131ya ve …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-35472","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hukukihaber"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n