T\u00dcRK\u0130YE CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130<\/p>\n
ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
KARAR<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
H.F.P. BA\u015eVURUSU<\/p>\n
(Ba\u015fvuru Numaras\u0131: 2020\/31759)<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Karar Tarihi: 3\/10\/2024<\/p>\n
B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
KARAR<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
RESEN G\u0130ZL\u0130L\u0130K KARARI<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fkan<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
Hasan Tahsin G\u00d6KCAN<\/p>\n
\u00dcyeler<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
Yusuf \u015eevki HAKYEMEZ<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u0130rfan F\u0130DAN<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Muhterem \u0130NCE<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Y\u0131lmaz AK\u00c7\u0130L<\/p>\n
Raport\u00f6r<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
Sinan ARMA\u011eAN<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fvurucu<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
H.F.P.<\/p>\n
Vekili<\/p>\n
:<\/p>\n
Av. Ebru BE\u015eE<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
I. BA\u015eVURUNUN KONUSU<\/p>\n
1. Ba\u015fvuru, s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 etme karar\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda men\u015fe \u00fclkesine geri g\u00f6nderme nedeniyle ya\u015fam hakk\u0131 ile k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fi iddialar\u0131na ili\u015fkindir.<\/p>\n
II. BA\u015eVURU S\u00dcREC\u0130<\/p>\n
2. Ba\u015fvuru 13\/10\/2020 tarihinde yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Komisyon, ba\u015fvurunun kabul edilebilirlik incelemesinin B\u00f6l\u00fcm taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lmas\u0131na karar vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
3. B\u00f6l\u00fcm taraf\u0131ndan 14\/10\/2020 tarihinde Anayasa Mahkemesi \u0130\u00e7t\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn 73. maddesi uyar\u0131nca s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 etme i\u015fleminin tedbiren durdurulmas\u0131na karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
III. OLAY VE OLGULAR<\/p>\n
4. Ba\u015fvuru formu ve ekleri ile Ulusal Yarg\u0131 A\u011f\u0131 Bili\u015fim Sistemi (UYAP) arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla eri\u015filen bilgi ve belgeler do\u011frultusunda tespit edilen ilgili olaylar \u00f6zetle \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
5. Ba\u015fvurucu, 1980 do\u011fumlu bir kad\u0131nd\u0131r ve \u0130ran \u0130slam Cumhuriyeti vatanda\u015f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
6. Ba\u015fvurucu 18\/2\/2015 tarihinde yasal yollarla T\u00fcrkiye’ye gelmi\u015f; 4\/8\/2015 tarihinde \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131 \u0130l G\u00f6\u00e7 \u0130daresi M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc (G\u00f6\u00e7 \u0130daresi) nezdinde uluslararas\u0131 koruma ba\u015fvurusunda bulunmu\u015ftur. Ba\u015fvuru dilek\u00e7esinde \u00fclkesini din\u00ee sebeplerle terk etmek zorunda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ailesiyle (k\u0131z\u0131) beraber koruma talep etti\u011fini bildirmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fvurucu, hem kendi dilinde hem de T\u00fcrk\u00e7e yazarak G\u00f6\u00e7 \u0130daresine sundu\u011fu ayn\u0131 tarihli deklarasyonunda \u0130slam dininden Hristiyanl\u0131\u011fa ge\u00e7ti\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00fclkesinden ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 beyan etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
7. Ba\u015fvurucunun uluslararas\u0131 koruma talebi 4\/4\/2013 tarihli ve 6458 say\u0131l\u0131 Yabanc\u0131lar ve Uluslararas\u0131 Koruma Kanunu’nun 77. maddesinin (\u00e7) bendi uyar\u0131nca ikamet ilini izinsiz terk etti\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle 10\/4\/2017 tarihinde geri \u00e7ekilmi\u015f say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015fvurucu s\u00f6z konusu i\u015fleminin iptali amac\u0131yla a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 dava dilek\u00e7esinde \u00f6zetle ikametg\u00e2h\u0131n\u0131 kom\u015fusunun tehdidi nedeniyle terk etmek zorunda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ayr\u0131ca M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanken din de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi nedeniyle eski e\u015finden ve toplumdan bask\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, can g\u00fcvenli\u011finin kalmamas\u0131 nedeniyle 1999 do\u011fumlu k\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 da alarak T\u00fcrkiye’ye geldi\u011fini iddia etmi\u015f; dilek\u00e7e ekine Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler M\u00fclteciler Y\u00fcksek Komiserli\u011fi taraf\u0131ndan verilen ve bir y\u0131l ge\u00e7erli olan 22\/7\/2016 tarihli m\u00fclteci belgesini de sunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
8. Ba\u015fvurucunun a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 dava, Kastamonu \u0130dare Mahkemesi (\u0130dare Mahkemesi) taraf\u0131ndan 21\/11\/2017 tarihinde ba\u015fvurucunun ikamet ilini izinsiz terk etti\u011fi, bu nedenle yap\u0131lan i\u015flemin hukuka uygun oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esiyle reddedilmi\u015ftir. \u0130dare Mahkemesi ba\u015fvurucunun \u00fclkesinde zul\u00fcm g\u00f6rme korkusu konusunda herhangi bir de\u011ferlendirme yapmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015fvurucunun istinaf talebi 6\/3\/2018 tarihinde reddedilmi\u015f, verilen karar kesinle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Bunun \u00fczerine 17\/8\/2018 tarihinde \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131 Valili\u011fi ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda 6458 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 54. maddesinin (1) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (i) bendi (uluslararas\u0131 koruma ba\u015fvurusu reddedilen, uluslararas\u0131 korumadan hari\u00e7te tutulan, ba\u015fvurusu kabul edilemez olarak de\u011ferlendirilen, ba\u015fvurusunu geri \u00e7eken, ba\u015fvurusu geri \u00e7ekilmi\u015f say\u0131lan, uluslararas\u0131 koruma stat\u00fcleri sona eren veya iptal edilenlerden haklar\u0131nda verilen son karardan sonra bu Kanun’un di\u011fer h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de kalma hakk\u0131 bulunmayanlar) uyar\u0131nca s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 etme karar\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
9. Ba\u015fvurucu, s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 etme karar\u0131n\u0131n iptali amac\u0131yla \u0130dare Mahkemesinde dava a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f; \u00fclkesindeki riske ili\u015fkin benzer (bkz. \u00a7 7) iddialar \u00f6ne s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Daha \u00f6nceki iddialar\u0131na ilaveten sadece ba\u011flant\u0131 adresini bildirdi\u011fi Y. isimli bir sosyal medya kanal\u0131ndaki T\u00fcrk\u00e7e olmayan ve 2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fcklenen g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler nedeniyle din de\u011fi\u015ftirmesinin aleniyet kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia etmi\u015ftir. \u0130dare Mahkemesi 9\/1\/2019 tarihinde davay\u0131 kesin olarak reddetmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
10. Ba\u015fvurucu, davan\u0131n reddedilmesi sonras\u0131nda 28\/1\/2019 tarihinde Anayasa Mahkemesine bireysel ba\u015fvuruda (B. No: 2019\/2854) bulunmu\u015ftur. Ba\u015fvurucunun bireysel ba\u015fvuru dosyas\u0131 2016\/24613 numaral\u0131 dosya ile birle\u015ftirilmi\u015f, 2\/6\/2020 tarihinde birle\u015ftirilen dosyada karar verilmi\u015ftir. S\u00f6z konusu ba\u015fvuruda ba\u015fvurucunun geri g\u00f6nderme yasa\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin iddialar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda derece mahkemesi taraf\u0131ndan yeterli ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle ihlal sonucuna var\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
11. Anayasa Mahkemesinin ihlal karar\u0131 sonras\u0131nda \u0130dare Mahkemesi yeniden yarg\u0131lama yapm\u0131\u015f fakat 10\/9\/2020 tarihinde yine davay\u0131 kesin olarak reddetmi\u015ftir. Ret karar\u0131n\u0131n gerek\u00e7esinin ilgili k\u0131sm\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
“…<\/p>\n
… [\u00dc]lkesine iadesi halinde insanl\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve onur k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 muameleye maruz kalaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyan her hangi bir somut veri ya da belge sunulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u0130ran Anayasas\u0131n\u0131n Zerd\u00fc\u015ftleri, Yahudileri ve Hristiyanlar\u0131 dini az\u0131nl\u0131k olarak tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ibadetlerini yapmalar\u0131na m\u00fcdahale etmeksizin izin verdi\u011fi, din de\u011fi\u015ftirenlerin propaganda yapmad\u0131klar\u0131, bireysel ya\u015fant\u0131lar\u0131na devam ettikleri s\u00fcrece herhangi bir sorun ya\u015famad\u0131klar\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 davranarak uluslararas\u0131 koruma ba\u015fvurusunun geri \u00e7ekilmi\u015f say\u0131lmas\u0131na sebebiyet verdi\u011fi sabit olan davac\u0131n\u0131n, s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 edilmesine y\u00f6nelik tesis edilen dava konusu i\u015flemde hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna ula\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
…<\/p>\n
Bu durumda; yukar\u0131da ifade edilen mevzuat ve a\u00e7\u0131klamalar ile dosya kapsam\u0131 birlikte de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde; davac\u0131n\u0131n uluslararas\u0131 koruma ba\u015fvurusu kapsam\u0131nda kendisine y\u00fcklenen y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ihlal etti\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131k oldu\u011fu gibi davac\u0131 hakk\u0131nda yap\u0131lan men\u015fe \u00fclke ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131nda da davac\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 edilmeyecek ki\u015filer aras\u0131nda yer almad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, idareye tan\u0131nan takdir yetkisi kapsam\u0131nda yap\u0131lan de\u011ferlendirme sonucudavac\u0131 hakk\u0131nda tesis edilen dava konusu s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u015fleminde hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna var\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
…”<\/p>\n
12. Verilen karar 11\/10\/2020 tarihinde ba\u015fvurucuya tebli\u011f edilmi\u015f, ba\u015fvurucu 13\/10\/2020 tarihinde bireysel ba\u015fvuruda bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
IV. \u0130LG\u0130L\u0130 HUKUK<\/p>\n
13. \u0130lgili hukuk i\u00e7in bkz. Masoud Talebi, B. No: 2023\/26088, 19\/3\/2024, \u00a7\u00a7 30-48.<\/p>\n
V. \u0130NCELEME VE GEREK\u00c7E<\/p>\n
14. Anayasa Mahkemesinin 3\/10\/2024 tarihinde yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu toplant\u0131da ba\u015fvuru incelenip gere\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc:<\/p>\n
A. Adli Yard\u0131m Talebi Y\u00f6n\u00fcnden<\/p>\n
15. Anayasa Mahkemesi taraf\u0131ndan adli yard\u0131m talebinin kabul edilebilmesi i\u00e7in gerekli \u015fartlar Mehmet \u015eerif Ay (B. No: 2012\/1181, 17\/9\/2013, \u00a7 23) karar\u0131nda, yabanc\u0131lar\u0131n adli yard\u0131m talepleri konusunda benimsenen ilkeler ise Nadali Agheli Kohne Shari (B. No: 2014\/12633, 9\/9\/2015, \u00a7\u00a7 17, 18) karar\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r. An\u0131lan ilkelere g\u00f6re adli yard\u0131m i\u00e7in gerekli \u015fartlar mevcutsa kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k \u015fart\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmese bile yabanc\u0131n\u0131n adli yard\u0131m talebi kabul edilmelidir. Somut ba\u015fvuruda yarg\u0131lama giderlerini \u00f6deme g\u00fcc\u00fcnden yoksun oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lan ba\u015fvurucunun adli yard\u0131m talebinin kabul\u00fcne karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
B. Ya\u015fam Hakk\u0131 ile K\u00f6t\u00fc Muamele Yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u0130hlal Edildi\u011fine \u0130li\u015fkin \u0130ddia<\/p>\n
1. Ba\u015fvurucunun \u0130ddialar\u0131<\/p>\n
16. Ba\u015fvurucu; din de\u011fi\u015ftirerek Hristiyan olmas\u0131ndan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc e\u015finden ve toplumdan bask\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, \u00fclkesinde bu durumun su\u00e7 kabul edildi\u011fini ve cezas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm oldu\u011funu, Y. isimli sosyal medya kanal\u0131ndaki g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler nedeniyle din de\u011fi\u015ftirmesinin aleniyet kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, \u00fclkesine geri g\u00f6nderildi\u011fi takdirde \u00f6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131yla yarg\u0131lanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele g\u00f6rece\u011fini, buna ra\u011fmen \u0130dare Mahkemesinin yeterince ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapmadan davas\u0131n\u0131 reddetti\u011fini iddia etmi\u015ftir. S\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 edilerek \u00fclkesine geri g\u00f6nderildi\u011fi takdirde adil yarg\u0131lanma, ya\u015fam, ki\u015fi h\u00fcrriyeti ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi haklar\u0131 ile k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edilece\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
17. Ba\u015fvurucu, ayr\u0131ca k\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n da kendisi gibi risk alt\u0131nda oldu\u011funu ve bo\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 e\u015finin k\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 \u0130ran’da iki defa ka\u00e7\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia etse de ba\u015fvuruya konu s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 etme i\u015fleminde, \u0130dare Mahkemesi karar\u0131nda veya bireysel ba\u015fvuru formunda s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 etme i\u015flemi yap\u0131l\u0131rken yeti\u015fkin ve 14\/11\/1999 do\u011fumlu olan k\u0131z\u0131na yer verilmedi\u011fi gibis\u00f6z konusu ki\u015fi hakk\u0131nda al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 etme karar\u0131n\u0131n da ibraz edilmedi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu nedenlerle bireysel ba\u015fvuru, sadece ba\u015fvurucu y\u00f6n\u00fcnden incelenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
2. De\u011ferlendirme<\/p>\n
18. Ba\u015fvurunun ya\u015fam hakk\u0131 ile k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele yasa\u011f\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda birlikte incelenmesi gerekti\u011fi de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir (benzer bir inceleme i\u00e7in bkz. Masoud Talebi, \u00a7 53).<\/p>\n
a. Kabul Edilebilirlik Y\u00f6n\u00fcnden<\/p>\n
19. A\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a dayanaktan yoksun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kabul edilemezli\u011fine karar verilmesini gerektirecek ba\u015fka bir neden de bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lan iddian\u0131n kabul edilebilir oldu\u011funa karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
b. Esas Y\u00f6n\u00fcnden<\/p>\n
i. Genel \u0130lkeler<\/p>\n
20. Anayasa Mahkemesinin \u00f6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131yla ilgili yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmeler Hooman Hosseinpour([GK], B. No: 2021\/47168, 29\/9\/2022,\u00a7\u00a7 60-61) karar\u0131nda, k\u00f6t\u00fc muameleye u\u011frama riski bulunan \u00fclkeye s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 etme konusunda benimsenen genel ilkeler ise Masoud Talebi (an\u0131lan kararda bkz. \u00a7 56) karar\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
21. Uluslararas\u0131 koruma ba\u015fvurusu kabul edilmeyen bir yabanc\u0131 hakk\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 etme karar\u0131 al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yabanc\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fam hakk\u0131 ve\/veya k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele yasa\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin iddialar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda sonuca varabilmek i\u00e7in s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 etme karar\u0131 \u00f6ncesinde kamu makamlar\u0131 \u00f6n\u00fcnde nas\u0131l a\u00e7\u0131klamalarda bulundu\u011fu, kendisiyle ilgili hangi i\u015flemlerin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya ne t\u00fcr kararlar verildi\u011fi de incelenmelidir (Masoud Talebi, \u00a7 57).<\/p>\n
ii. \u0130lkelerin Olaya Uygulanmas\u0131<\/p>\n
22. Ba\u015fvurucu, yasal yollarla T\u00fcrkiye’ye giri\u015f yapt\u0131ktan yakla\u015f\u0131k alt\u0131 ay sonra din de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi nedeniyle \u00fclkesinde zul\u00fcm g\u00f6rmekten korktu\u011fu iddias\u0131yla uluslararas\u0131 koruma ba\u015fvurusunda bulunmu\u015ftur. Ba\u015fvurucu, ne uluslararas\u0131 koruma talep ederken sundu\u011fu dilek\u00e7ede ne de ba\u015fvurusunun geri \u00e7ekilmi\u015f say\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verilmesi \u00fczerine a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 davada din de\u011fi\u015ftirmesine ili\u015fkin s\u00fcrece veya sonras\u0131nda ba\u015f\u0131ndan ge\u00e7en olaylara ili\u015fkin bir anlat\u0131mda bulunmu\u015ftur. Ba\u015fvurucu, sadece M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanken sonradan Hristiyan oldu\u011funu beyan etmekle yetinmi\u015f; ayr\u0131ca uluslararas\u0131 koruma talep etmek i\u00e7in neden alt\u0131 ay bekledi\u011fini de a\u00e7\u0131klamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015fvurusunun sonu\u00e7land\u0131\u011f\u0131 iki y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcrede kendisiyle hen\u00fcz bir m\u00fclakat yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015fsa da ba\u015fvurucunun belirtilen hususlardaki bilgileri kamu makamlar\u0131n\u0131n dikkatine sunmas\u0131na engel bir durum g\u00f6z\u00fckmemektedir. Bununla birlikte \u0130dare Mahkemesi de ba\u015fvurucunun \u00fclkesinde zul\u00fcm g\u00f6rece\u011fine ili\u015fkin iddialar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bir de\u011ferlendirme yapmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (bkz. \u00a7 8).<\/p>\n
23. Ba\u015fvurucu, s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 etme karar\u0131n\u0131n iptali amac\u0131yla a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 davada da \u00fclkesindeki riske ili\u015fkin \u00f6nceki beyanlar\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 bir husus dile getirmemi\u015f; din de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi nedeniyle \u00fclkesinde k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele g\u00f6rece\u011fi, \u00f6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131 alabilece\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki iddias\u0131n\u0131 tekrarlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yine bu yarg\u0131lamada din de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi nedeniyle kamu makamlar\u0131yla sorun ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131na, hakk\u0131nda herhangi bir takip veya soru\u015fturma yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin bir iddia ileri s\u00fcrmemi\u015f veya buna ili\u015fkin bir delil sunmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015fvurucu \u00f6nceki yarg\u0131lamadan farkl\u0131 olarak sadece ba\u011flant\u0131 adresini bildirdi\u011fi bir sosyal medya kanal\u0131ndaki g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcden bahsetmi\u015ftir. Bununla birlikte sosyal medyada yer alan g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerin i\u00e7eri\u011fi hakk\u0131nda bilgi vermemi\u015f, bu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerle din de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi aras\u0131ndaki ilgiyi genel hatlar\u0131yla dahi olsa a\u00e7\u0131klamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015fvurucu, din de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011finin bu yolla aleniyet kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia etse de bu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerin neden durumunu alenile\u015ftirdi\u011fini ve kamu makamlar\u0131n\u0131n dikkatini \u00e7ekmesine neden oldu\u011funu izah etmemi\u015ftir. Kald\u0131 ki uluslararas\u0131 koruma ba\u015fvurusuna ili\u015fkin yarg\u0131lamada bu iddias\u0131n\u0131 dile getirmeyen ba\u015fvurucu, s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 etme davas\u0131nda bu iddias\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcrerken \u00fclkesindeki kamu makamlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131llar \u00f6nce y\u00fcklenen bu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler nedeniyle kendisiyle ilgilenmeye ba\u015flad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 iddia etmemi\u015f veya b\u00f6yle bir ilgiyi i\u015faret eden bir bilgiden s\u00f6z etmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
24. Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Mahkemesi kararlar\u0131na da yans\u0131yan uluslararas\u0131 kurulu\u015flar\u0131n \u0130ran’a ili\u015fkin insan haklar\u0131 raporlar\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda din de\u011fi\u015ftirerek Hristiyan olman\u0131n tek ba\u015f\u0131na k\u00f6t\u00fc muameleye maruz kal\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir sebep olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferlendirildi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr (Masoud Talebi, \u00a7\u00a7 47, 48). Adli ve idari merciler her ne kadar ba\u015fvurucunun din de\u011fi\u015ftirerek Hristiyan oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki beyanlar\u0131n\u0131n inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda bir inceleme yapmam\u0131\u015f ise de -do\u011fru oldu\u011fu varsay\u0131lsa dahi- d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyaya yans\u0131yan eylemleri ve \u00fclkesindeki kamu makamlar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fvurucuya olumsuz bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren bir veri bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucunun din de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi nedeniyle \u00fclkesinde ger\u00e7ek bir riskle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015faca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin esasl\u0131 nedenler bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna ula\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
25. A\u00e7\u0131klanan gerek\u00e7elerle ya\u015fam hakk\u0131 ile k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edilmedi\u011fine karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
VI. H\u00dcK\u00dcM<\/p>\n
A\u00e7\u0131klanan gerek\u00e7elerle;<\/p>\n
A. Adli yard\u0131m talebinin KABUL\u00dcNE,<\/p>\n
B. Ba\u015fvurunun niteli\u011fi gere\u011fi kamuya a\u00e7\u0131k belgelerde ba\u015fvurucunun kimli\u011finin RESEN G\u0130ZL\u0130 TUTULMASINA,<\/p>\n
C. Ya\u015fam hakk\u0131 ile k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine ili\u015fkin iddian\u0131n KABUL ED\u0130LEB\u0130L\u0130R OLDU\u011eUNA,<\/p>\n
D. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesinde g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan ya\u015fam hakk\u0131 ile k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u0130HLAL ED\u0130LMED\u0130\u011e\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
E. S\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 etme i\u015flemine ili\u015fkin verilen tedbir karar\u0131n\u0131n SONLANDIRILMASINA,<\/p>\n
F. Karar\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011finin \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 G\u00f6\u00e7 \u0130daresi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na G\u00d6NDER\u0130LMES\u0130NE,<\/p>\n
G. 12\/1\/2011 tarihli ve 6100 say\u0131l\u0131 Hukuk Muhakemeleri Kanunu\u2019nun 339. maddesinin (2) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131 uyar\u0131nca tahsil edilmesi ma\u011fduriyetine neden olaca\u011f\u0131ndan adli yard\u0131m talebi kabul edilen ba\u015fvurucunun yarg\u0131lama giderlerini \u00f6demekten TAMAMEN MUAF TUTULMASINA 3\/10\/2024 tarihinde OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE karar verildi.<\/p>\n
\u200bAnayasa Mahkemesi’nin 3\/10\/2024 tarihli ve 2020\/31759 ba\u015fvuru numaral\u0131 karar\u0131\u00a0Hukuki Haber<\/p>\n
Haberin Al\u0131nt\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kaynak: www.hukukihaber.net<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u00dcRK\u0130YE CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130 ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130 \u00a0 \u00a0 B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM \u00a0 KARAR \u00a0 H.F.P. BA\u015eVURUSU (Ba\u015fvuru Numaras\u0131: 2020\/31759) \u00a0 Karar Tarihi: 3\/10\/2024 B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM \u00a0 KARAR \u00a0 RESEN G\u0130ZL\u0130L\u0130K KARARI Ba\u015fkan : Hasan Tahsin G\u00d6KCAN \u00dcyeler : Yusuf \u015eevki HAKYEMEZ \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0130rfan F\u0130DAN \u00a0 \u00a0 Muhterem \u0130NCE \u00a0 \u00a0 Y\u0131lmaz AK\u00c7\u0130L Raport\u00f6r : Sinan ARMA\u011eAN Ba\u015fvurucu : H.F.P. Vekili : Av. Ebru BE\u015eE \u00a0 I. BA\u015eVURUNUN KONUSU 1. Ba\u015fvuru, s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 etme karar\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda men\u015fe \u00fclkesine geri g\u00f6nderme nedeniyle ya\u015fam hakk\u0131 ile k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fi iddialar\u0131na ili\u015fkindir. II. BA\u015eVURU S\u00dcREC\u0130 2. Ba\u015fvuru 13\/10\/2020 tarihinde yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Komisyon, ba\u015fvurunun kabul edilebilirlik incelemesinin B\u00f6l\u00fcm taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lmas\u0131na karar vermi\u015ftir. 3. B\u00f6l\u00fcm taraf\u0131ndan 14\/10\/2020 tarihinde Anayasa Mahkemesi \u0130\u00e7t\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn 73. maddesi uyar\u0131nca s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 etme i\u015fleminin tedbiren durdurulmas\u0131na karar verilmi\u015ftir. III. OLAY VE OLGULAR 4. Ba\u015fvuru formu ve ekleri ile Ulusal Yarg\u0131 A\u011f\u0131 Bili\u015fim Sistemi (UYAP) arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla eri\u015filen bilgi ve belgeler do\u011frultusunda tespit edilen ilgili olaylar \u00f6zetle \u015f\u00f6yledir: 5. Ba\u015fvurucu, 1980 do\u011fumlu bir kad\u0131nd\u0131r ve \u0130ran \u0130slam Cumhuriyeti vatanda\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. 6. Ba\u015fvurucu 18\/2\/2015 tarihinde yasal yollarla T\u00fcrkiye’ye gelmi\u015f; 4\/8\/2015 tarihinde \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131 \u0130l G\u00f6\u00e7 \u0130daresi M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc (G\u00f6\u00e7 \u0130daresi) nezdinde uluslararas\u0131 koruma ba\u015fvurusunda bulunmu\u015ftur. Ba\u015fvuru dilek\u00e7esinde \u00fclkesini din\u00ee sebeplerle terk etmek zorunda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ailesiyle (k\u0131z\u0131) beraber koruma talep …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27,535],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10678","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hukukihaber","category-uncategorized-tr"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n